B1 


THE 


History  of  Granville 


LICKING  COUNTY,  OHIO 


WRITTEN    RY 


REV.  HENRY  BUSHNELL,  A.  M. 


Published  by  a  Company  formed  for  the  Purpose 


•  ,  »  >,  •  •    • 


COLUMBUS,  O. 

Press  of  Hann  &  Adair 

1889 


f*fr 


•     •  •   .«  •••  t  *  .  "  l 

.      .  .   .      •  I    «     I ■      I 


PREFACE. 

r  I  ^HIS  History  of  Granville  was  undertaken  nine  years 
"*■  ago  at  the  suggestion  of  one  of  Granville's  absent 
sons.  In  gathering  materials,  the  fact  came  to  light  that  Mr. 
Charles  W.  Bryant  was  engaged  in  similar  work.  Each 
was  urged  by  the  other  to  make  common  stock  of  what 
had  already  been  obtained  and  go  on  with  the  work.  It  was 
finally  arranged  that  Mr.  Bryant  would  take  the  genealogies 
and  family  histories,  and  the  subscriber  the  annals;  the 
whole  to  be  combined  for  publication.  The  annals  were 
ready  in  1880,  closing  with  the  Seventy-fifth  Anniversary. 
But  the  other  part  called  for  large  correspondence  and  delay. 
In  1885,  Mr.  Bryant  died  ;  no  part  of  his  work,  so  far  as  can 
be  found,  being  ready  for  the  press.  There  was  so  much 
call  for  the  annals  that  a  company  was  formed  to  publish 
them.  The  record  has  been  brought  down  to  the  present 
time  in  an  added  chapter.  It  was  thought  best  to  leave  the 
pages  already  written,  unchanged.  Hence  all  references  to 
the  present,  names  of  streets  (since  changed),  etc.,  remain  as 
in  1880.  In  the  course  of  the  annals  the  orthography  of 
some  names  will  be  found  to  change,  but  this  conforms  to 
the  usage  of  the  families,  and  need  not  lead  to  any  mistake. 
Some  incidents  recorded  may  to  some  appear  trifling,  but 
they   have   been  preserved,   not   always  for   their   intrinsic 

235139 


value,  but  because  they  might  hint  to  the  memory  a  picture 
of  the  olden  times,  or  awaken  pleasant  recollections  by 
suggestion.  Nothing  has  been  deemed  unimportant  that 
helped  in  that  service.  The  cut  of  the  University  was 
loaned  to  us  for  this  use.  The  rest  are  made  by  Smith, 
of  Columbus  ;  those  that  appear  in  the  additional  record,  are 
from  photographs  by  Carpenter,  of  Granville ;  the  other 
buildings,  reproduced  from  memory  or  description,  maps 
and  outlines  are  from  original  drawings.  The  writer  would 
gratefully  make  his  acknowledgments  for  materials  used,  to 
the  family  of  Dr.  Little,  to  C.  W.  Bryant,  Hon.  Isaac 
Smucker,  the  various  authors  of  pioneer  papers  in  his  pos- 
session, and  to  the  few  who  were  remaining  of  the  pioneers, 
particularly  Deacon  T.  M.  Rose,  Col.  D.  M.  Baker,  and  Mr. 
L.  E.  Bancroft ;  and  regrets  to  have  been  alone  responsible, 
except  where  credit  is  given,  for  the  selection  of  matter, 
arrangement,  drawings,  style  of  book,  and  business  contracts. 
He  will  be  thankful  to  receive  any  correction  of  mis-state- 
ments, or  any  important  additional  information  ;  and  may  at 
any  time  be  addressed  at  Westerville,  Ohio. 

H.  Bushnell. 
August,  1889. 


CONTENTS. 


I.  Ab  Origine, 

II.  Ohio  in  1805, 

III.  The  First  Low  Plash, 

IV.  The  Scioto  Land  Co.,. 
V.  The   Location, 

VI.  The  Licking  Land  Co.,. 

VII.  Preparations,.     . 

VIII.  By  the  Way,. 

IX.  The  Symmetrical  Location. 

X.  The  First  Week,     . 

XL  Business,     . 

XII.  Early  Experiences, 

XIII.  Annals,  1806,.     . 

XIV.  Annals,  1807,. 
XV.  Annals,  1808,       . 

XVI.  Annals,  1809-11, 

XVII.  The  War  of  1812, 

XVIII.  Annals,  1812-15,     . 

XIX.  Annals,    1816,     . 

XX.  Annals,  1817-20,     . 

XXI.  Annals,  1821-22, 

XXII.  Annals,  1823-26,     . 

XXIII.  Annals,  1827,      • 

XXIV.  Annals,  1828-30,     . 
XXV.  Annals,  1831-33, 

XXVI.  Annals,  1834, 

XXVII.  Annals,  1835-39, 


Page 

9 

15 
20 

24 

28 

31 
34 
40 

45 
50 

55 
62 

73 
77 
83 
89 

97 
103 
109 

115 
122 
126 

i35 
140 
149 

J55 


VI 

CONTENTS. 

Page 

XXVIII. 

Annals,  1840-50, 

l60 

XXIX. 

Annals,  1851-55,         .... 

.        169 

XXX. 

Annals,  1856-79, 

177 

XXXI. 

The  Seventy-fifth  Anniversary, 

•     J9i 

XXXII. 

Rev.  Timothy  Harris,     .         .         . 

198 

XXXIII. 

Rev.  Ahab  Jinks, 

.     201 

XXXIV. 

Rev.  Jacob  Little,  D.  D., 

204 

XXXV. 

Plan  of  Union  Church, 

.     210 

XXXVI. 

Granville  Baptist  Church, 

217 

XXXVII. 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church,     . 

.      222 

XXXVIII. 

St.  Luke's  Protestant  Episcopal  Church, 

.      226 

XXXIX. 

Welsh  Churches  of  Granville, 

229 

XL. 

Denison  University  (Granville  College,  etc.)  236 

XLI. 

Granville  Academy  (Male  and  Female) 

•      245 

XLII. 

Granville    Female    Seminary    (Baptist 

and 

Episcopal) 

253 

XLIII. 

Our  Professional  Record, 

.     256 

XLIV. 

Our  Industrial  Enterprises,     . 

273 

XLV. 

Our  Commercial  Enterprises,     . 

.     285 

XLVI. 

The  Anti-Slavery  Excitement, 

297 

XLVII. 

Our  Criminal  Record, 

.     310 

XLVIII. 

Fatal  Accidents, 

3i6 

XLIX. 

War  of  the  Rebellion, 

.     326 

L. 

Olla  Podrida, 

332 

LI. 

The  F.  F.  G's.,            .... 

•     341 

Additional  Record,           .... 

346 

INDEX. 


Page 

Ab  Origine 9 

Abduction  of  George  H.  Tight 185 

Aboriginal  Works 10 

Academy,  The  Frame 146,  247 

Academy,  The  Brick 118 

Accidental  Shooting 99 

Accidents,  Fatal  316 

Additional  Record 346 

Additions  to  the  Town 185,  347 

Advance  Companies 35 

Agreement,  The  Preliminary 25 

Alexandrian  Society  (Library  and  Bank).. 

75,  107,  285 

Anniversary,  The  Seventy-fifth 191 

Anticipations  Not  Realized 28 

Anti-Slavery  Excitement 297 

Arrivals,  The  First 40 

Atlantic  &  Erie  Railway 184,  185 

Bands  of  Music 84,98,  128 

Banking 285 

Bank  of  Granville,  Alexandrian 107 

Battle  of  Snowballs 167 

Bear  Hunt,  The  Last 129 

Bell,  Baptist 159,  187 

Bell,  Congregational 138,  165 

Bidding  Against  Land  Sharks 81 

Bidding  for  Lots 58 

Bill  of  Fare,  The  Early 69 

Birth,  The  First  in  Town,  Etc 72 

Bold  Subaltern,  A 99 

Bricks,  The  First  Made 89 

Buckeye  Minstrels 164 

Burglaries 310 

Burlington  Cyclone 127 

Burying  the  Newark  Advocate 124 

Business  (Colony)  Resumed 55 

Business  Improved  by  Canal  146 

By  the  Way 40 

Cabin,  The  First, 52 

California  Adventurers 166,  168 

Camp  Fire,  1800 20 

Canal  Contracts 133 

Cavalry  Company,  1812 101 

Cemeteries 177,  339 

Census  Returns,  1880 197 


Page 

Central  Normal  and  Business  College 368 

Cheese,  Large 283 

Church,  Baptist 217,  355 

"        The  Emigrant.. 37 

Episcopal 131,  226 

Methodist 222,352 

Plan  of,  Union 132,  210 

"        Presbyterian 350 

"        Welsh  Baptist 229 

"  "        Congregational 234 

Methodist 232 

Circular  Hunt,  The 126 

Coaches  of  Niel,  More  &  Co 133 

Commercial  Enterprises 285 

Committee  of  Exploration 26 

Committee  of  Safety 187 

Company,  Maj.  Case's  Rescuing 103 

Conference  of  Churches 211 

Constitution  of  Licking  Co 31 

Contractors  on  Canal 133 

Conveniences,  Pioneer 71 

Conveyance  of  Company's  Purchase 29 

Costumes,  Pioneer 94 

Criminal  Record 310 

Cut-off,  The 189 

Dam  of  Brush 36 

"       Sycamore  Logs 36 

"        The  Aboriginal 12 

"       The  Third 81 

Death,  The  First  in  the  Colony 75 

"      The  First  in  the  Township 22 

"      The  Second  in  the  Township 23 

"      The  First  on  Welsh  Hills 231 

Deed,  The  Partition 61 

Denison  University 240,  358 

Dentists  of  Granville 269 

Descending  a  Lightning  Rod 144 

Diagram  of  Company's  Purchase 29 

Division  of  Land,  The  First 58 

"        "        "      The  Second 61 

Dramatic  Performances 117 

Drouth , 150,  159 

Drove  on  a  Stampede 145 

Drumming  School 115 

Dutchman  Placated 42 


Vlll 


INDEX. 


Page 

Earliest  Bom 340 

Early  Experiences 62 

Earthquake  of  1811 96 

Evening  Entertainments 62,    71 

Expectations  Unrealized 28 

Experiences  in  War 100 

Explosion  at  Goodrich's  Distilery 316 

Falling  Stars 146 

Fatal  Accidents 316 

Female  Academy 247 

"      Charitable  Society 114 

"      College 249,  362 

"      Seminary,  Baptist 253 

"  Episcopal 254 

F.  F.  G's 42,  341 

Filial  Obedience 93 

Financial  Embarrassments 149 

Fire  Department 364 

Fires ■ 332 

First  Frame  Houses 82-87 

First  Low  Plash 20 

First  Three-story  Building 146 

First  Week 50 

Flood,  The  Memorable 150 

Floor  Gives  Way 125 

Frolic,  A  Meritorious 92 

Frosts 150,  178 

Fugitive  Rescued 307 

General  Muster 142 

Golden  Weddings 336 

Granville  Alexandrinn  Society. ....  75,  107,  285 

"        A  Thoroughfare 133 

College 236 

"        Furnace 276 

Times 370 

Guest,  A  Singular 119 

Hogg  Tract 109 

Hotels 86,  335 

Houses,  The  First  Frame  ... 82-87 

Incidents  by  the  Way 42 

Incorporation  of  Granville 143 

Infantry  Company,  1812 97 

Indians,  Friendly . 71 

of  Ohio 16 

Indian  Works  10 

Industrial  Enterprises 273 

Industries,  the  Later 349 

Infant  Schools 140 

Jaconet,  A  Yard  of ! li) 

Joke,  A  Practical H 

Journeymen  Artisans ill 

Jubilee,  Granville 172 


Page 

Last  Cabins  in  Town 138 

Lawyers  from  Granville 262 

Library,  Early 75 

Licking  Land  Co.,  The 31 

"        "  "      Ceases  to  Act 81 

Licking  County  Organized 16,     84 

Licking  Exporting  Co 289 

Licking  Summit  Celebration 128 

Literary  and  Theological  Institute 143,  236 

Locations  in  Town,  First  Winter 50 

Location  of  Company's  Lands 28 

Location,  The  Symmetrical 45 

Log  Cabin  Parade,  1840 160 


Mail  Coach,  The  First 

Male  Academy 

Map  of  Ohio  in  1805. 

"      Granville  Township 

Village 

Maple  Grove  Cemetery 

Meeting  House,  Baptist..  .137,  165,  219,  225, 

"  "         Congregational 

..... ...\ 91, 110,  156,  179.  215, 

Meeting  House,  Episcopal 158,  227, 

Methodist 223, 

"  "         Presbyterian 

Mercantile  Enterprises 

Merchants,  Present 

Meteoric  Shower 

Military  Company,  1812 

Matters,  1818 

"        Parades 

Drill,  The  Last 

Mill  Site,  The  First 

Ministers  from  Granville 

Missionaries  from  Granville 

Missionary  Work 

Mob  of  1836 

Municipal  Officers 

Munson's  Saw  Mill 


124 

249 

17 

11 

46 

181 

355 

351 
364 
352 
350 


146 
97 
116 
142 
162 
36 
256 
260 
117 
300 
369 
73 


Name  Chosen  for  Village 34 

Newspapers  of  Granville 370 

New  Year's  Sermons 135 

Ohio  Central  Railroad 197 

Ohio  in  1805 •.     15 

Opera  House 364 

Organs  158,179,356 

Paintings,  Proficients  in 271 

Partition  Deed 61 

Pasquinades 339 

Pennsylvania  Schooners 145 

Pews  of  the  Olden  Time 118 

Physicians  of  Granville 266 

Physician,  The  First  Resident 90 


INDEX. 


IX 


Page 

Piano,  First  in  Town 253 

"      First  at  G.  F.  A 157 

Pioneers  Yet  Living 371 

"     in  1880 196 

Plot  Uncovered 136 

Poetry — 

A  million  lives  went  out,  H.  B 326 

Bright  is  the  dawn  of  morning,  H.  B  . .     48 
Hail !  widely  famed,  George  Bliss  147 

It  is  the  last  time,  Mrs.  Sigourney  174 

In  Granville  when  the  sun,       Whitney  306 
O  God,  thy  purpose  planned,  H.  B.  194 

Oh  I  fare  ye  well,  T.  Spelman  193 

Oh  !  weep  for  the  day,  Anon  161 

O  thou  man  of  God,  H.  B.  188 

When  rambling  o'er,  T.  Spelman    39 

With  joy  as  to  a  cherished,  J.  M.  Pond  172 

Ponds ,     79 

Postmasters 336 

Pottery,  Aboriginal 13 

Preparations  of  Emigrants 34 

Present  Business  Houses 369 

Public  Worship  in  the  Woods 51 

Pulpit,  an  Old-time Ill 

Quota  More  than  Filled 180 

Railroad  Disturbances 189 

The  Underground 308 

Record,  Our  Criminal 310 

Reflector  Baker,  The 155 

Refugee  Tract 30 

Reminiscences  of  Dr.  Bronson 226 

Rescue  of  a  Fugitive 307 

Reservations  of  Company's  Land 56 

Revival,  Mr.  Little's  Description 211 

Riot 181 

Roads  Improved 109,  190,  346 

Roster  of  Infantry,  1812 97 

Cavalry,  1813 102 

Soldiers  of  Civil  War 327 

Mexican  War 166,  340 

U.  S.  Regular  Army 340 

Route,  The  Emigrants' 40 

Routine  of  a  Day 70 

Sabbath  Habits 58,    68 

Sabbath  Schools,  The  First 106 

Sad  State  of  Morals,  1827 131 

Saw  Mills 36,  73,  81,    120 

Scarcity  of  Money   107,  120 

School  House,  The  First 57 

The  Second 91 

The  Union 171,  363 

Schools,  Select 133 

Scioto  Land  Company 24 

Sermon,  The  First  Methodist 95 


Page 

Seventeen  Year  Locusts 103 

Seventy-fifth  Anniversary 191 

Shepardson  College  for  Women 360 

Shinplasters 158 

Sickness  of  1834 152 

Signers  of  Constitution 32 

"       of  Original  Agreement 26 

Snakes 65 

Song  in  the  Desert 51 

Special  Mention 269 

Spiritualism 170 

Stampede  of  Cattle 145 

Steeple,  The  First 110 

Streets  Re-named 348 

"      Narrowed 163 

Stoves  in  Church,  The  First 141 

Students'  Freaks 164,  338 

Sugar  Loaf  Denuded , 114 

Sunday  Creek  Coal  and  Iron  Company 296 

Survivors  in  1880 196 

Teetotal  Pledge 167 

Temperance  Pledge,  Limited 138 

Temperance  Society,  The  First 136 

Town  Clock ,..  166 

Township  Enlarged ....  109 

"         Organized 77 

"         Officers,  First 78 

Trees,  Forest 72 

Trial,  A  Sham 92 


Underground  Railroad 308 

Village  Boundaries ; 184 

"       Government  Re-organized 184 

"       Incorporated 143 

"       of  the  Hills 47 

Visit  of  Dr.  Little 187 

Vocal  Music  Teachers 251 

Wanderer,  The 122 

War  of  1812 97 

War  of  Rebellion 326 

Ward's 89 

Water  Cure  Establishment 169 

Water  Works 171,  179,  187,  348 

Wedding,  The  First 78 

Week,  The  First 51 

Wells,  The  Aboriginal. 


12 

Well,  I  Reckon" 43 

Welsh  Citizens 229 

"      Churches  of  Granville 229 

"      Hills  Cemetery 177,  339 

Wheat  Bread,  The  First 22 

Whisky 58 

Wild  Hogs 67 

Wild  Turkeys 63 

Wives  of  Ministers 262 

Wolves 64 

Young  Ladies'  Institute 254 


INDEX. 


NAMES. 

By  far  the  greater  part  of  the  names  that  occur  in  this  volume  must  be  looked  for  in  the 
Annals,  Professional  Records,  Mercantile  or  Industrial  Enterprises,  Accidents,  etc.  It  is  only 
when  some  prominent  mention  is  made  of  individuals  that  their  names  are  indexed. 


Avery,  Alfred. 


Page 
.27,    64 


Bailey,  Rev.  Silas,  D.  D 220 

Bancroft,  Ashley  A 337 

Bancroft,  Albert  L 271 

Bancroft,  Deacon  G.  P 336,  366 

Bancroft,  Henry  L 337 

Bancroft,  Hubert  H 270 

Bancroft,  Hon.  Samuel 127,  185 

Bancroft,  Dr   W.  W 169,  185 

Basset,  Mr.,  death  of 106 

Beach,  Rev„E.  A.,  D.  D 215 

Beecher,  Dr.  Lyman 112,  141 

Berry,  Rev.  James 218 

Bragg,  Mrs.  A.  E 190 

Bronson,  Rev.  S.  A.,  D.  D 226 

Bryan,  Dr.  E.  F 159 

Bryant,  Charles  W 367 

Bushnell,  Leonard 272 

Butler,  Leveret 41,  67,  147 

Carr,  Rev.  Henry 219 

Carter,  Prof.  Paschal 237 

Case,  Major  Grove 103 

Clark,  Appleton  B 270 

Cook,  Lyman 272 

Cooley,  Dr.  John  B 153 

Cramer,  William     337 

Cunningham,  Patrick 21 


Downer,  Hon.  S.  S 

Dudley,  Rev.  A.  S 

Dunlevy,  Mrs.  Amanda  F. 

Fassett,  Elias 


21li 


li:> 


Gavit,  Hon.  William 103 

Gilman,  Elias,  Esq 177 

Going,  Rev.  Jonathan,  D.  D 238 

Griffin,  Major-General  Charles 269 

Hamlen,  Horace 251 

Harris,  Rev.  Timothy 123,  198 

Hayes,  Prof.  Ella 271 

Hervey,  Rev.  Dwight  B 216 

Howe,  Deacon  Amasa 171 

Howe,  Curtis ;...  186 

Hughes,  Rowland "...  339 

Humphrey,  Hon.  Daniel 170,  177 


Page 

Jinks,  Rev.  Ahab 122,  201 

Jones,  John  (first  settler) 20 

Jones,  Mrs.  Lily  (death  of) 22 

Jones,  T.  D.  (sculptor) 271 

Kerr,  Hon.  William  P 187,  365 


Lee,  Dr.  Samuel 

Little,  Rev.  Jacob,  D.  D. 
Little,  Rev.  Joseph 


....     90 
187,  204 


Martin,  William  S 250 

Meeker,  Rev.  Eli 140 

Moore,  William  D 368 

Mower,  Colonel  L.  D 149 

Munson,  Gen.  Augustine „  183 

Munson,  Hon.  J.  R 97 

Phelps,  John  (Capt.  Put.) 105,  120 

Philipps,  Urias 75 

Pratt,  Prof.  John,  D.  D 237 

Prichard,  A.  P 111,  182 

Reed,  Simeon 119 

Rees,  Deacon  Theophilus 21 

Richards,  Dr.  William  S 95,  170,  228 

Robbins,  Rev.  S.  P 73 

Rose,  Deacon  Lemuel 155 

Rose,  Capt.  Levi 98 

Rose,  Ormond 99 

Rose,  Hon.  Timothy 104 

Rose,  Deacon  Timothy  M 365 

Sample,  John  H 271 

Sanford,  Rev.  Alvah 228 

Shepardson,  Daniel  360 

Sinnet,  Hon.  E 367 

Sinnet,  Hon,  John  A 177,  180 

Slocomb,  William 129 

Talbot,  Rev.  Samson,  D.  D 187,  241 

Thompson,  Hon.  T.  M 176 

Thrall,  Dr.  Homer 267 


Van  Meter.  Rev.  C. 


Weld,  Theodore  D 297 

White,  Hon.  Samuel 263 

Wright,  Sereno 122 


CHAPTER  I. 


AB  OKIGINE. 


Granville  township  is  a  tract  of  choice  land  five  miles 
square,  centrally  located  in  the  county  of  Licking,  State  of 
Ohio.  Through  the  center  of  it,  from  west  to  east,^runs  the 
middle  fork  of  the  Pataskala,  or  Licking  River,  this  branch 
being  commonly  called  Raccoon  Creek.  Irregularly  skirting 
the  stream  on  either  hand  is  a  chain  of  hills  from  one  to  two 
hundred  feet  high,  out  of  whose  tops  excellent  stone  is  quar- 
ried, and  from  whose  base  flow  perennial  springs.  They  are 
diversified  with  ridges,  knobs,  spurs,  and  buttes,  and  here  and 
there  the  chain  is  broken  by  the  valleys  through  which  the 
brooks,  fed  by  those  springs,  find  their  way  into  the  leading 
stream. 

This  is  the  locality,  the  events  of  which  are  narrated  in 
the  following  pages. 

The  earliest  record  of  "  human  events "  in  this  region 
bearing  a  fairly  definite  date,  carries  us  back  to  A.D.  1262  ; 
but  such  are  its  relations  to  other  records  of  undetermined 
dates  that  we  know  we  have  the  indications  of  human  trans- 
actions long  anterior  to  this.  They  are  written,  however,  in  a 
language  difficult  of  interpretation.  The  records  are  spread 
out  upon  these  broad  acres,  on  the  tops  of  these  hills,  and 
beside  these  streams.  The  characters  appear  in  these  scat- 
tered mounds,  these  earth  elevations  of  squares,  half  moons, 
alligators,  eagles,  and  other  quaint  designs ;  and  fragments 
here  and  there  of  well-laid  stone  wall,  of  earthern  pottery, 
and  of  the  implements  of  the  culinary  art  and  of  the  chase. 

In  181 2,  the  tree  was  cut  from  one  of  these  earth  works, 

whose  rings,  as  commonly  reckoned,  registered  a  succession 

of  five  hundred  and  fifty  years.     Dr.  Hildreth,  of  Marietta, 

cut,  in  similar  circumstances,  a  tree  in  which  he  counted  800 

2 


10  AN  ANCIENT  TREE. 

rings.  Long  previous  to  this  the  builders  lived  upon  them 
and  had  their  history.  They  tell  us  of  a  people  strong  in 
numbers,  thoughtful  and  industrious;  who  cherished  the 
memory  of  their  dead,  loved  their  fatherland,  and  kept  it 
from  hostile  inroads  by  elaborate  works  of  defense,  and  who 
gave  play  to  the  untaught  religious  sentiments  of  the  human 
soul  by  some  sort  of  worship  paid  a  some  sort  of  deity. 

A  brief  description  of  these  works  is  due  to  the  memory  of 
those  who  first  made  this  ground  historic. 

About  a  mile  east  of  the  center  of  the  township,  a  spur 
from  the  chain  of  hills  north  of  Raccoon  winds  around  from 
the  northeast,  turning  again  to  the  southeast,  terminating  in 
a  rounded  prominence  on  the  summit  of  which  "  The  Alli- 
gator "  has  been  couching  all  these  centuries.  The  outline 
of  the  figure  is  like  the  animal  whose  name  it  bears.  It  lies 
looking  directly  toward  the  village,  i.  e.,  south  of  west,  its 
tail  coiling  around  to  the  south  and  its  limbs  extended  at 
full  length.  By  measurement  it  is  190  feet  long,  from  tip  to 
tip,  following  the  curvature.  In  the  highest  point  it  is  now 
about  six  feet  high,  gradually  declining  to  each  extremity. 

On  the  summit  of  another  spur  called  "  Fort  Hill,"  nearly 
a  mile  to  the  east  and  a  little  to  the  north,  is  one  of  the  cir- 
cular enclosures  commonly  called  "  forts."  It  follows  in 
outline  the  curvature  of  the  hill-top,  but  is  very  nearly  a 
circle.  It  is  about  970  feet  across,  enclosing  about  17  acres, 
with  embankments  6  feet  high,  made  by  throwing  the  dirt 
upward  and  inward.  Southwest  from  the  fort,  on  the  point 
of  the  hill,  and  50  rods  distant,  was  a  stone  mound  about 
six  feet  high  and  eighteen  feet  wide.  This  mound  has  been 
destroyed  by  the  quarrying  of  stone  underneath  it.  As  it 
fell  from  time  to  time,  into  the  quarry,  it  was  found  to  be 
full  of  bits  of  charcoal  throughout.  The  western  and  north- 
western openings  of  the  fort  looked  each  toward  a  copious 
spring  of  water. 

Between  these  two  spurs,  and  about  equally  distant  from 
each  of  them,  but  sixty  or  eighty  rods  further  south,  the 


12  ABORIGINAL   WORKS. 

ground  around  being  valley  loam,  lies  an  elevation  formed 
of  gravel,  in  the  shape  of  a  crescent,  its  points  opening 
toward  the  south  and  a  little  west.  It  is  about  ten  rods  from 
tip  to  tip,  and  six  rods  across  from  exterior  to  interior  curve. 
The  highest  point  is  now  about  seven  feet  high,  it  having 
been  plowed  more  or  less  for  two  generations.  On  the 
north,  or  convex,  side  there  crops  out  a  large  quadrangular 
stone,  two  or  three  feet  across,  and  sinking  deep  in  the  earth. 
By  digging,  the  ground  beside  it  has  been  found  to  be  mixed 
with  bits  of  charcoal. 

From  the  eastern  side  of  the  crescent  a  parapet  starts  off, 
sweeping  eastward  and  southward  in  a  semicircle  to  a  point 
half  a  mile  south  of  the  crescent,  where  it  connects  with  a 
circular  fort,  which  is  about  980  feet  in  diameter  and  con- 
tains over  seventeen  acres. 

About  ten  rods  south  of  this  fort,  on  the  level  below,  was 
found  a  well  of  water  five  or  six  feet  deep,  walled  up  with 
stone  in  a  workmanlike  manner,  and  made  long  before  the 
advent  of  the  settlers.  It  is  probably  to  be  classed  with  the 
three  wells  found  by  the  settlers  of  Knox  county,  Ohio,  men- 
tioned in  Howe's  Historical  Collections  of  Ohio.  As  located 
by  Mr.  L.  E.  Bancroft,  it  is  in  feet  from  the  center  of  the 
railroad  track  and  thirty-three  feet  southeast  of  a  young 
black-walnut  tree. 

About  twenty-five  rods  east  of  this  well,  near  the  old  time 
wool  factory  of  Mr.  Win.  Paige,  until  the  feeder  was  dug  and 
the  lock  built,  there  was  a  bored  well  that  sent  up  a  strong 
stream  of  sulphurous  water.  One  of  the  lock  timbers  was 
laid  across  the  mouth  of  it.  Its  depth  was  never  tested  be- 
low about  forty  feet.  The  diameter  of  the  bore  was  about 
two  and  one-half  inches. 

About  ten  rods  still  further  to  the  east,  in  what  appeared 
to  have  been  at  one  time  the  creek  bed,  in  digging  the 
feeder  a  brush  dam  was  discovered,  lying  several  feet  under 
ground,  three  rods  across  and  ten  rods  up  and  down  the  bed. 
The  brush  were  cut  with  a  sharp  instrument  and  regularly 


ANCIENT   POTTERY.  13 

placed,  the  butt  ends  up  stream  and  layer  upon  layer.  At 
the  upper  end,  and  underneath  the  ends  of  the  brush,  were 
found  three  human  skeletons.  For  some  distance  up  and 
down  the  bed  were  traces  of  a  submerged  forest. 

Westward  from  the  stone  well  are  two  parallel  earth  lines, 
only  a  few  rods  in  extent. 

Still  further  west  were  found  in  early  times  many  curious 
fragments  of  pottery  and  other  aboriginal  implements.  The 
pottery  fragments  have  a  firm  basis  of  mortar,  composed  of 
sharp,  coarse,  white  sand  or  pulverized  shells  in  a  matrix  of 
clay  or  river  mud,  and  colored,  perhaps,  with  manganese. 
After  being  moulded  into  shape,  the  vessel  seems  to  have 
been  covered  both  inside  and  out  with  an  enamel  of  clay, 
which  left  a  smooth  surface  ;  the  whole  then  being  hard- 
ened, perhaps  only  by  drying  in  the  sun.  It  has  the  appear- 
ance of  unburned  stoneware.  It  was  about  three-eighths  of 
an  inch  thick,  the  enamel  on  each  side  being  about  a  six- 
teenth. The  pieces  found  indicate  vessels  of  various  sizes, 
of  dishing  form  and  circular  rim,  varying  in  diameter  from 
twenty  inches  to  six  feet.  Fragments  of  a  similar  kind  were 
found  at  two  different  localities  a  few  miles  west  of  this  in 
St.  Albans  township.  They  are  also  found  at  the  Saline 
Springs,  Gallatin  county,  Illinois,  and  at  other  widely  sepa- 
rated points  in  the  Mississippi  Valley,  even  to  its  mouth,  and 
as  far  east  as  Florida. 

Midway  between  the  crescent  and  the  large  fort  with 
which  it  is  joined  by  the  semicircle,  is  a  smaller  circular  fort, 
containing  about  eight  acres.  The  Centerville  street  has  al- 
ways run  through  it  just  north  of  its  center,  and  the  road  to 
the  old-time  factory  started  just  at  its  eastern  side.  About 
the  only  part  of  the  outline  descernable  is  at  the  northeast 
cornor  of  the  lot,  where  the  fence  on  the  west  side  of  the 
north  and  south  road  stands  to  protect  it. 

On  the  south  side  of  the  creek  are  two  other  smaller  cir- 
cles, each  crowning  a  hill,  one  on  the  Munson  farm  and  the 
other  crossed  by  the  division  line  between  the  farms  of  Mr. 
Reuben  Linnel  and  Mr.  Howard  Howe. 


14  MOUNDS  —  A   PLEA. 

Of  mounds  there  were  "  a  great  many."  A  dozen  or  more 
used  to  lie  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  crescent  and  its 
connected  works.  There  were  two  or  three  within  the  pres- 
ent limits  of  the  town  plat ;  one  just  in  front  of  where  the 
Town  Hall  stands  ;  one,  perhaps,  in  the  northeast  quarter 
in  Granger's  addition,  and  one  crowning  Mt.  Parnassus. 
This  mound  was  opened  in  1887,  and  skeletons  were  found 
buried  within  it. 

(There  might  have  been  something  of  kindred  nature  on  the 
summit  of  Sugar  Loaf.  The  first  year  of  the  colony  the  boys, 
led  by  information  obtained  from  Indians,  dug  several  feet  into 
the  ground  and  found  a  string  of  twelve  bone  beads,  the  largest 
in  the  middle,  the  rest  tapering  in  size  toward  each  end.) 

Others  are  scattered  from  the  extreme  northwest  corner 
of  the  township  to  the  southeast,  most  frequently  on  the 
hill-tops,  sometimes  several  being  grouped  together. 

Of  more  perishable  material  than  the  monuments  which 
men  generally  build  to  fame,  these  earthworks  have  yet  sur- 
vived six  or  eight  centuries.  After  being  used — perhaps  for 
centuries  preceding — and  abandoned,  forests  sprang  up  and 
covered  them,  and  each  year  that  passed  over  them  was  tal- 
lied by  its  ring  ot  growth.  Within  a  generation  their  out- 
lines were  distinct,  and  there  were  banks  where  earth  lay  as 
steep  in  its  incline  as  earth  can  be  made  to  lie.  Now,  the 
ruthless  plow,  the  ceaseless  tramp  of  thousands,  the  cutting 
of  roads,  railroads,  canals,  and  other  demands  of  advancing 
civilization,  are  rapidly  leveling  and  obliterating  them. 
Read  them  while  you  may  !  They  will  tell  you  of  human 
affections,  superstitions,  passions.  Uninvited,  we  have  en- 
tered into  the  inheritance  of  a  vanished  race.  Let  us  cherish 
an  interest  in  these  mementos.  History  offers  an  earnest 
plea  for  the  careful  preservation  of  these  relics.  Already 
they  are  venerable  with  age.  They  will  become  more  inter- 
esting with  the  lapse  of  time,  and  each  succeeding  generation 
will  seek  them  out  with  increasing  zest.  Let  it  be  also  with 
the  satisfaction  of  beholding  them  as  well  preserved  as  time 
will  allow. 


OHIO  IN  1805.  15 


CHAPTER  II. 

The  passing  century  dawned  to  find  the  westward  march 
of  civilization  rapidly  breaking  at  different  points  across  the 
Ohio  River,  into  the  great  undeveloped  region  between  the 
river  and  the  lakes,  and  gaining  a  foothold  among  the  valleys 
never  more  to  be  dislodged. 

The  little  spot  that  concerns  us  now,  according  to  Hon. 
Isaac  Smucker,  has  been  "  under  the  control  of  a  number  of 
foreign  powers  "  and  "  an  integral  portion  of  at  least  two 
different  States  (Virginia  and  Ohio),  and  one  Territory 
(North-West),  and  six  counties  (Botetourt,  Illinois,  Washing- 
ton, Ross,  Fairfield  and  Licking)." 

Spain  early  claimed  all  the  land  drained  by  the  Mississippi 
and  its  tributaries. 

France  also  claimed  the  valley  of  the  Ohio  and  exercised 
some  jurisdiction  over  it  until  the  peace  of  1763. 

England  then  u  became  the  owner  by  treaty  and  exercised 
authority  over  it  until  1784." 

At  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary  War  it  passed  to  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  United  States. 

By  the  various  patents  given  by  England  to  her  colonies 
with  ill-defined  boundaries  and  indistinct  knowledge  of  the 
territories  ceded,  conflicting  claims  arose  among  the  States 
for  possession  of  this  region.  As  it  had  come  into  the  pos- 
session of  the  United  States  at  the  price  of  treasure  and  blood 
expended  by  all  the  colonies,  the  rest  also  felt  that  they  had 
equal  claim  to  it  and  equal  right  of  jurisdiction  over  it.  In 
1784,  or  soon  after,  the  States  of  Massachusetts,  Connecticut, 
New  York,  Pennsylvania  and  Virginia,  severally  relinquished 
these  original  claims  in  favor  of  the  general  government. 

Virginia,  in  1769,  while  claiming  title,  erected  the  County 
of  Botetourt,  whose  eastern  boundary  was  somewhere  east 
of  the  Ohio,  and  the  western  was  the  Mississippi  River. 


16  INDIAN   TRIBES   OF   OHIO. 

Again,  in  1778,  all  west  of  the  Ohio  River  was  set  off  and 
called  the  County  of  Illinois. 

After  the  establishing  of  the  Territory  of  the  Northwest 
by  Congress  in  1787,  Washington  County  was  erected,  lying 
between  the  Ohio  and  Scioto  Rivers,  and  running  north  to 
Lake  Erie. 

In  1798,  Ross  County  was  proclaimed,  taking  in  the  Ross 
County  of  to-day  and  all  north  of  it  to  the  Lake. 

In  1800,  Fairfield,  in  like  manner,  took  the  northern  part 
of  Ross. 

In  1808,  Licking  County  was  proclaimed  with  its  present 
boundaries. 

When  Granville  Township  was  organized,  in  1807,  its 
bounds  upon  the  north  and  west  extended  much  further  than 
at  present 

The  recognition  by  Congress  of  Ohio  as  a  State  was  on 
February  19,  1803.  ^ne  seat  °f  government  until  1810  was 
at  Chillicothe.  Then  for  two  years  it  was  transferred  to 
Zanesville,  after  which  it  reverted  to  Chillicothe  until  1816, 
at  which  time  Columbus  became  the  capital. 

Previous  to  1803  there  were  nine  counties  :  Washington, 
erected  in  1788;  Hamilton,  1790;  Adams  and  Jefferson,  1797; 
Ross,  1798;  Trumbull  (all  Western  Reserve),  Clermont  and 
Fairfield,  1800,  and  Belmont,  1801.  In  1803,  eight  more 
were  erected  :  Butler,  Montgomery,  Greene,  Warren,  Frank- 
lin, Scioto,  Gallia  and  Columbiana.  Muskingum  was  erected 
in  1804,  and  Geauga,  Athens,  Highland  and  Champaign  in 
1805  So  that  when  the  Granville  colony  took  possession  of 
their  homes  in  1805,  there  were  twenty-two  counties  in  the 
State. 

The  most  powerful  of  the  tribes  of  Indians  occupying,  in 
early  times,  the  lands  of  the  present  State  of  Ohio,  was 
probably  the  Shawnees,  or  Shawanoese.  They  roamed  the 
valley  of  the  Scioto,  and  as  far  west  as  the  Miami  and  east 
to  the  Muskingum,  having  villages  here  and  there ;  and 
moving  northward  as  settlements  were  made  along  the  Ohio. 


18  GREENVILLE   TREATY   LINE. 

The  Wyandots,  another  powerful  tribe  occupied  the  Hock- 
ing Valley,  also  moving  northward  to  the  valley  of  the  San- 
dusky. The  Delawares  were  found  in  the  Muskingum  Val- 
ley, and  the  Mingoes  (a  fragment  of  the  Senecas,  who  were 
of  the  Six  Nations)  west  of  Wheeling.  These  tribes  moved 
north-westward  ;  the  Delawares  to  the  headwaters  of  the 
Sandusky,  and  the  Mingoes  to  the  mouth  of  the  same  river, 
on  the  east  side,  where  they  were  called  Senecas.  The  Mi- 
amis  were  in  the  lower  valley  of  the  Miami,  and  the  Twig- 
twees  near  its  headwaters.  Remnants  of  \he  Six  Nations, 
other  than  the  Senecas  or  Mingoes,  lived  east  of  the  Cuya- 
hoga River.  The  "  Miamis  of  the  Lake,'1  or  Maumees, 
probably  occupied  the  valley  of  that  stream,  and  a  small 
band  of  the  Ottawas  were  near  its  mouth.  The  Moravian 
Indians  migrated  from  Pennsylvania  in  1772,  with  their  mis- 
sionaries, settling  in  the  valley  of  the  Tuscarawas,  building 
their  villages  —  Gnadenhutten,  Salem  and  Schcenbrun  —  and 
living  quietly  by  the  arts  of  peace  until  massacred  in  cold 
blood.  The  Chippeways,  Kickapoos,  Potawatamies,  Saginas, 
and  others  are  mentioned  here  and  there,  but  not  with  prom- 
inence, nor  can  they  be  located. 

Indian  troubles  operated  as  a  check  to  immigration  from 
the  first,  until  the  decided  victory  of  General  Wayne,  in  1794, 
established  the  "  Greenville  Treaty  Line,"  giving  undisputed 
possession  of  all  the  lands  south  and  east  of  that  line  to  the 
United  States.  The  Indian  reservation  was  bounded  by  the 
Cuyahoga  River,  from  its  mouth  to  the  portage,  near  where 
Akron  now  stands  ;  across  by  that  portage  to  the  Tuscarawas 
River ;  by  that  stream  down  to  Fort  Laurens  (a  point  in  the 
northern  boundary  of  the  present  County  of  Tuscarawas); 
thence  by  a  line  of  survey  running  a  little  south  of  west, 
and  nearly  across  the  •  State,  to  a  trading  station  on  the 
Miami,  marking  the  portage  between  the  Miami  and  St. 
Marys  Rivers,  called  Loramie's  Station  ;  thence  north  of 
west  to  Fort  Recovery,  on  the  head  waters  of  the  Wa- 
bash, and  near    the   present   State   boundary,   and   thence 


WAVES   OF    EMIGRATION.  19 

west  of  south  to  a  point  opposite  the  mouth  of  the  Ken- 
tucky River. 

In  the  spring  of  1788,  "  The  New  England  Company" 
made  the  first  permanent  settlement  north  of  the  Ohio,  at 
Marietta.  From  this  point  the  settlements  reached  out 
among  the  hills  and  up  the  valleys,  until,  in  1805,  they  had 
reached  the  head-waters  of  the  Muskingum,  there  to  meet 
similar  advancing  currents  setting  in  from  the  east,  the 
south  and  the  southwest. 

In  1788,  the  settlements  at  the  mouth  of  the  Little  Miami 
were  commenced,  and  from  there,  as  rapidly,  they  spread 
northward  in  widening  radii,  until  in  1805,  all  that  part  south 
of  the  middle  of  the  State  was  dotted  with  settlements. 

In  1790,  the  Ohio  was  crossed  at  Wheeling,  and  thence  the 
wave  began  to  roll  westward. 

In  1805,  the  prominent  points,  the  choicest  localities,  were 
occupied  over  half  the  State,  that  portion  lying  south  and 
east  of  the  middle  portion.  But  the  land  was  not  by  any 
means  subdued.  It  was  simply  marked  here  and  there  by  the 
outposts  of  civilization,  while  much  of  it  was  still  an  unoc- 
cupied wilderness.  The  Indians  were  restricted  to  their 
reservation  already  described,  except  as  roving  squads  of 
them  put  in  an  occasional  appearance,  or  where  a  few  of 
them  were  tolerated  in  clinging  to  the  homes  of  their 
fathers. 

Thus  it  was  when  the  attention  of  the  Granville  emigrants 
was  directed  thither. 


20  THE   FIRST   LOW   PLASH. 


CHAPTER   III. 

The  "  first  low  plash  of  waves,"  where  soon  was  to  "  roll  a 
human  sea,"  began  to  be  heard  on  the  borders  of  our  town- 
ship in  1800. 

On  our  ^southern  border,  in  the  valley  of  Ramp  Creek, 
near  Cherry  Valley,  one  evening  in  the  late  autumn  of  this 
year,  a  settler  from  the  valley  below  was  threading  his  way 
through  the  forest,  hunting  for  deer,  when  he  came  unex- 
pectedly on  a  camp  fire.  Around  it  were  gathered  five  men  ; 
Benoni  Benjamin  and  his  three  brothers-in-law,  John  Jones, 
Phineas  and  Frederick  Ford,  and  the  fifth,  a  man  in  Mr. 
Jones's  employ,  by  the  name  of  Danner  or  Denner.  They 
were  exploring  with  a  view  to  settlement,  having  left  their 
families  back  on  the  Scioto.  Mr.  Jones  was  a  Welshman, 
born  in  New  Jersey,  and  the  visitor  was  Isaac  Stadden,  who 
afterwards  became  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace  acting  within 
the  limits  of  Licking  County.  The  two  men  soon  recognized 
each  other  as  old  acquaintances,  having  been  schoolmates  in 
their  boyhood,  in  Northumberland,  Pennsylvania.  Great 
was  their  surprise  to  meet  thus,  in  the  wilds  of  this  new 
country. 

Having  found  locations  that  pleased  them,  the  four  brothers- 
in-law  returned  to  their  families ;  and  late  in  the  following 
winter  or  early  in  the  spring  of  1801,  they  brought  on  their 
families  and  went  to  work.  Mr.  Jones  erected  his  cabin  near 
a  spring  at  the  foot  of  a  spur  which  is  on  the  Munson  farm. 
It  was  about  ten  rods  south  of  the  spring,  or  half  way  to  the 
track  of  the  road  as  it  was  first  used.  Centerville  Street, 
being  afterwards  laid  out  straight  through  the  plain,  now 
runs  thirty  or  forty  rods  south  of  this  spot.  Mr.  Jones 
planted  corn  that  year  with  Mr.  Stadden,  on  a  bit  of  prairie 
east  of  Newark,  but  proceeded  to  open  the  land  around  his 
cabin  and  prepare  for  future  crops. 


EARLY   SETTLERS.  21 

The  others  of  that  evening  group  located  beyond  the  limits 
of  our  township. 

Patrick  Cunningham  built  the  second  cabin  in  the  township 
during  the  same  summer,  and  about  fifty  rods  northeast  of 
the  Jones  cabin,  near  another  spring.  There  he  set  out  an 
orchard,  and  cultivated  fruits  and  vegetables,  the  remains  of 
the  cabin  and  nursery  being  still  seen. 

Early  in  the  year  1802,  two  young  men  built  cabins  a  little 
to  the  east  of  Cunningham's,  and  raised  a  small  crop  of  corn, 
but  did  not  become  permanent  settlers. 

By  this  time,  Mr.  Theophilus  Rees  and  Mr.  Thomas 
Philipps  had  purchased,  of  Mr.  Samson  Davis,  of  Philadel- 
phia, a  tract  of  1800  acres,  lying  in  the  northeast  portion 
of  what  is  now  Granville  township  ;  Mr.  Rees's  tract  lying 
in  the  southwest  quarter  of  the  section,  and  Mr.  Philipps' 
tract  immediately  north  of  it.  Messrs.  Rees  and  Philipps 
came  in  company  from  Wales,  where  they  were  neighbors 
and  long-time  friends,  and  with  them  a  large  colony ;  taking 
ship  Wednesday,  April  7,  1796,  and  arriving  in  New  York 
Friday,  May  14,  having  been  thirty-seven  days  out.  In  1802, 
Mr.  Rees  came  out  with  his  family  to  take  possession  of  his 
purchase,  and  for  a  time  found  shelter  in  the  cabin  of  the 
two  young  men.  Not  having  seen  his  land,  Mr.  Rees,  from 
the  description  given  him,  supposed  these  settlers  were  upon 
his  tract.  So,  paying  them  for  their  crop  and  supposed  im- 
provements, he  took  possession.  He  soon  learned  his  mistake, 
however,  and  went  to  his  own  purchase,  a  little  further  north. 

David  Lewis  and  David  Thomas,  sons-in-law  of  Mr.  Rees, 
came  with  him,  bringing  also  their  families ;  Mr.  Lewis  stop- 
ping for  a  time  to  work  as  a  stone-mason  at  Zanesville,  and 
in  the  same  employment  at  Newark  ;  but  all  soon  settling 
on  the  purchase  of  Mr.  Rees.  There  were  two  sons-in-law 
of  Mr.  Rees  named  David  Thomas,  one  being  a  large  man 
and  the  other,  who  came  later,  a  small  man  ;  and  they  were 
universally  distinguished  as  big  David  Thomas  and  little 
David  Thomas.     The  one  mentioned  as  coming  with  Mr. 


22 


FIRST   BIRTH   AND   DEATH. 


Rees  was  big  David  Thomas.  Simon  James  accompanied 
them,  but  without  his  family.  He  located  on  the  Philipps 
tract,  north,  and  went  to  work  to  prepare  a  residence  for  his 
family. 

It  was  big  David  Thomas  who  carried  a  bushel  of  wheat 
on  his  back  to  mill  at  Zanesville,  and  brought  back  the  flour 
of  which  Mrs.  Rees  baked  the  first  wheaten  loaf  made  in  the 
township,  and  the  neighbors'  children  were  all  invited  in  to 
help  eat  it  as  a  curiosity  and  luxury. 

About  the  same  time  came  from-  the  vicinity  of  Wheeling 
one  Jimmy  Johnson,  an  experienced  frontiersman,  who 
bought  land  of  Mr.  Rees  and  erected  a  cabin. 

Meantime,  settlers  were  multiplying  in  the  valley  below, 
and  during  this  year  the  town  of  Newark  was  laid  out. 

October  ist,  of  this  year,  Mrs.  Jones  gave  birth  to  the  first 
white  child  born  within  the  limits  of  this  township.  But 
she  never  came  back  to  health  again.  She  lingered  until 
the  22d  of  the  same  month,  when  she  died.  Hers  was  the 
first  death  within  the  present  limits  of  the  township.  Her 
remains  now  lie  buried  [1880]  in  the  old  cemetery,  on  the 
highest  ground  at  the  extreme  western  side,  and  near  where 
the  old  gate  used  to  be,  having  been  removed  thither  from 
the  place  in  Newark  where  they  were  first  interred.  There 
is  a  headstone  about  twenty  inches  wide  and  two  feet  nine 
inches  high,  with  this  inscription  : 


ffcKlietkthtBody 
ifLltli]Jo7i&S   depamd 
tlutJXJe   Ocf  2j8  ^D. 
/&02.  %rfged  3.6  years 
3 *>«"!* /3  daue     left 
her  husband 
John  <l  on  e  s 
ftfcft  1  tkilcTren  X  girls   fy 

Z   boy 3 
nit  uThtfnsT  WhttefowXt/WiAt 
***r  wtaWfW  GRANVILLE  T/» 

Thit  stoat  umatUtnudrtu tim *f 
tktjirst  .lerrtei*. 


INDIAN    CAMP.  23 

In  1803,  the  Welsh  Hills  settlement  was  increased  by  the 
addition  of  two  more  families  :  James  Evans  and  a  Mr. 
Shadwick.  A  Mr.  Parker,  also,  came  from  Virginia  and  built 
a  cabin  near  the  mouth  of  Clear  Run,  cleared  four  acres  of 
ground  and  planted  a  patch  of  corn  and  garden  vegetables. 
He  then  hired  a  man  to  tend  it  and  went  back  for  his  family. 

He  brought  them  safely  to  their  new  home,  but  lived  only 
three  weeks  after  arriving.  He  left  a  wife  and  six  children. 
The  oldest  son  took  charge  of  the  place,  gathered  the  large 
crop  of  squashes  and  piled  them  in  a  rail  pen,  stacking  the 
corn  around  it.  A  band  of  fifty  Indians  was  camped  near, 
and  they  would  often  bring  a  ham  of  venison  to  exchange 
for  a  squash,  so  that  the  family  did  not  suffer  for  want  of 
food.  Some  other  settler,  perhaps  Mr.  John  Duke,  about 
the  same  time,  built  another  cabin  near  the  same  place. 

In  1804,  Thomas  and  Peter  Cramer,  sons-in-law  of  Jimmy 
Johnson,  were  added  to  the  settlers  on  the  Welsh  Hills,  and 
during  the  next  two  years  they  were  joined  by  John  Price, 
Benjamin  Jones  and  Thomas  Powell.  Not  long  after  this, 
also,  Mr.  Simon  James,  having  gone  for  his  family,  returned 
with  them.  The  name  also  of  James  James  appears  as  of 
a  settler. 

Mr.  Thomas  Philipps  and  wife,  with  their  son,  John  H. 
Philipps,  came  and  tarried  a  short  time  on  the  Philipps'  pur- 
chase, and  then  returned  to  Pennsylvania  to  prepare  for  a 
permanent  residence  here. 


24  THE   SCIOTO   LAND   COMPANY. 


CHAPTER  IV. 


While  these  things  were  transpiring  in  the  wilderness, 
other  scenes  were  passing  actively  in  review  in  old  Gran- 
ville, Mass.,  the  events  of  which  were  rapidly  tending  toward 
this  same  mark,  and  which  we  must  now  briefly  sketch. 

The  population  of  the  town  had  so  far  increased  that  the 
younger  families  began  to  long  for  more  room  for  their  activ- 
ities. Emigration  by  single  families  had  already  commenced. 
Some  had  gone  to  the  new  lands  northwest  of  Lake  Cham- 
plain,  known  as  the  Chazy  region.  But  the  report  they  sent 
back  was  of  a  country  bleak  and  trying  in  its  long  winters,  and 
it  did  not  particularly  invite  others  to  follow  them. 

In  1803,  a  company  from  Granby,  Conn.,  the  town  [town- 
ship] adjoining  that  of  Granville,  Mass  ,  and  from  which 
some  of  the  first  settlers  of  Granville,  Ohio,  eventually  came, 
had  emigrated  under  articles  of  association  to  Worthington, 
Ohio.  This  association  was  formed  in  1801,  and  was  called 
the  Scioto  Company. 

[Let  it  be  borne  in  mind  that  there  were  three  Scioto  compan- 
ies; the  Scioto  Land  Co.  operating  in  the  southern  part  of  the 
State  near  the  mouth  of  the  Scioto  River;  this  Scioto  Co.,  just 
named  operating  on  its  head  waters;  and  another  Scioto  Land 
Co.,  of  which  we  are  about  to  speak.] 

Explorations  were  made,  a  site  chosen  and  a  large  emigra- 
tion conducted  by  them  to  new  and  desirable  homes  in  the 
west. 

This  suggested  a  similar  movement  to  the  enterprising 
spirits  of  Granville,  Mass.  The  expanse  of  the  western  wilds 
promised  a  sphere  that  would  satisfy  their  longings.  Con- 
gress had  given  the  U.  S.  soldiers  of  the  Revolution  each  a 
bounty  claim  for  one  hundred  acres  of  land.  These  warrants 
were  passing  from  hand  to  hand,  and  rapidly  finding  their  way 
into  the  possession  of  speculators.     Entire  townships  of  land 


THE   AGREEMENT.  25 

in  sections  of  4000  acres  each,  and  held  for 
sale  by  these  speculators. 

In  the  early  part  of  1804,  Samuel  Bveritt,  Jr.,  started  the 
idea  of  raising  another  company,  and  similar  to  the  above, 
to  go  to  the  same  region.  Suggesting  the  matter  to  Levi 
Buttles  he  was  encouraged,  and  they  two  carried  the  project 
to  Dea  Timothy  Rose,  who  also  approved  the  plan.  This 
was  the  origin  of  what  was  called  "  The  Scioto  Land  Co." 

In  April,  (1804)  the  movement  began  to  take  definite  form. 
We  find  the  following  preliminary  agreement  as  adopted  by 
those  who  were  favorable  to  the  movement  and  were  propos- 
ing to  take  part  in  it.  It  bears  date  at  East  Granville,  [Mass.,] 
April  3rd,  1804. 

u  We  the  subscribers  being  desirous  of  making  a  purchase  of 
Newlands  in  the  State  of  Ohio  for  settlement,  have  thought 
best  to  form  ourselves  into  an  association  or  Company  for  the 
purpose  of  sending  agents  into  said  State  of  Ohio,  to  explore 
said  lands  in  such  way  &  manner  as  will  enable  them  to  ob- 
tain correct  information  as  to  the  quality  &  situation  of  said 
lands,  also  the  price,  terms  of  payment,  the  different  tracts  they 
may  be  had  at,  &  title  to  the  same. 

"  And  in  order  that  we  may,  (at  a  small  expense  to  each  in- 
dividual of  us)  obtain  such  information,  we  do  hereby  agree  to 
form  ourselves  into  an  association  or  Company  for  that  purpose 
&  do  severally  promise  &  engage  (in  consideration  of  the 
mutual  advantage  which  we  expect  to  receive  by  this  associa- 
tion) to  &  with  each  other  to  &  with  each  individual  that 
shall  belong  to  this  association  or  company,  that  we  will  be 
bound  by  &  will  faithfully  fulfill  all  &  every  rule,  regulation 
or  by-law,  that  shall  be  regularly  voted  or  entered  into  by  the 
said  association  or  company,  &  particularly  we  severally  prom- 
ise to  pay  into  the  treasurer  that  shall  be  appointed  by  us  the 
sum  of  eight  dollars  for  the  said  purpose  of  paying  such  agents 
we  may  send  to  explore  the  said  lands,  &  we  do  also  agree 
each  one  of  us  for  ourselves  that  if  we  shall  fail  of  paying  the 
said  sum  of  eight  dollars  by  the  time  that  shall  be  first  [fixed] 
or  for  said  payment  by  the  said  association  or  of  paying  the  as- 
sessment or  taxes  made  by  us  when  regularly  convened,  we 
severally  agree  to  forfeit  &  do,  (in  case  of  such  failure)  hereby 
relinquish  all  right  and  benefit  of  this  association  or  exploring, 
2 


26 


THE   SIGNING. 


&  we  do  also  agree  each  one  of  us  for  himself  that  we  will 
abide  by  &  be  bound  to  fulfill  the  following  rules  and  regula- 
tions, &  all  others  that  the  said  association  shall  enter  into. 

11  1st  We  do  agree  that  no  tax  or  assessment  shall  be 
binding  on  us  unless  one-half  of  the  subscribers  shall  be  present 
at  the  meeting  which  shall  vote  the  same,  but  any  other  busi- 
ness shall  bind  us  when  voted  by  the  major  part  of  the  mem- 
bers present  at  any  meeting  regularly  warned. 

"2nd  We  further  agree  that  unless  there  should  be  thirty 
subscribers  to  this  agreement  it  shall  not  be  binding  on  any  of 
us, — but  when  over  that  number  has  subscribed, — we  are  holden 
by  all  &  every  article  above  written,  In  witness  whereof  we 
have  hereunto  set  our  hands   this  day  &  year  above  written." 

At  the  end  of  three  months  the  following  names  were  found 
to  have  been  attached  to  the  above  agreement : 


Levi  Buttles, 
Russel  Atwater. 
Job  Case, 
Reuben  Ashmun, 
Solomon  Noble, 
Samuel  Everitt,  Jr. 
Noadiah  Holcomb, 
Ebenezer  Street, 
Levi  Hayes, 
Timothy  Spelman, 
Cornelius  Slocum, 
Elihu  Buttolph, 


Hugh  Kelley, 
Araunah  Clark, 
Samuel  Thrall, 
Lemuel  Rose, 
Levi  Cooley, 
Timothy  Rose, 
Samuel  Everitt, 
Silas  Winche1, 
Nathan  Gates, 
Benj.  Reed, 
Titus  Hoskin, 
Ethan  Bancroft, 


Asa  Se>mour,  Jr. 
Horatio  Forbes, 
Levi  Rose, 
Alvin  Holcomb, 
James  Sinnet, 
Worthy  Pratt, 
David  Messenger, 
Frederick  Moor, 
Wm.  Jones, 
Asa  Day, 
Dan  Godard. 

-[35.] 


Sometime  in  May  following  it  must  have  become  apparent 
that  the  movement  had  gone  beyond  a  peradventure,  for  three 
men  whose  names  appear  in  the  above  list  were  sent  out  to 
Ohio  as  the  agents  u  to  view  and  purchase  such  lands  as  will 
justify  a  settlement  of  the  contemplated  company."  They 
were  Levi  Buttles,  Timothy  Rose  and  Job  Case.  They 
performed  the  duty  assigned,  locating  the  tract  to  be  purchased 
in  the  United  States  Military  Lands. 

On  the  first  of  August  following,  there  had  come  to  be  so 
much  enthusiasm  in  their  undertaking  that  they  thought 
best  to  raise  the  fee  required  for  membership.  The  following 
persons  became  members  by  the  payment  of  ten  dollars  each  : 


THE    FEE    RAISED. 


27 


Sylvanus  Mitchel, 
Titus  Roe, 
Enoch  Buttles, 
Elihu  Cooley, 
John  Sinnet, 
Ezekiel  Wells, 
Wm.  Phelps, 
Wm.  Phelps,  Jr., 
Spencer  Spelman, 
Joel  Buttles, 
Benj.  Waters, 
Gideon  Cornell, 
Theodore  Taylor, 
John  Wilcox, 
Wm.  Slocum, 


Jonathan  Wright, 
Zadoc  Cooley, 
Amos  Carpenter, 
Moses  Godard,  Jr., 
Theodore  Taylor,  Jr. 
Ezra  Holcomb, 
Hiram  Rose, 
Jesse  Rice, 
Joseph  Linnel, 
Joab  Griffin, 
Samuel  Waters, 
Andrew  Hayes, 
Wm.  Gavit, 
Ebenezer  Cheney, 
Joshua  Kendall, 


Eleazar  Clemons, 
Israel  Wells, 
Roswell  Graves, 
Enoch  Graves, 
,  Spencer  Wright, 
John  Phelps, 
Arden  Holcomb, 
Asa  Holcomb, 
Samuel  B.  Dean, 
Daniel  Messenger, 
Ozni  Miller, 
Job  W.  Case, 
Sereno  Holcomb, 
Seth  Hayes. 

-[44.] 


In  September,  the  locating  committee  returned  and  made 
a  favorable  report. 

An  incident  in  the  boyhood  of  Alfred  Avery  may  illustrate 
the  influence  under  which  many  New  England  people  have 
sought  western  homes.  When  he  was  a  mere  child,  his  father 
went  out  to  plant  corn ;  &  himself,  ambitious  to  help,  took  his 
hoe  &  went  out  also,  tugging  and  sweating,  to  do  what  a  little 
boy  could.  At  length,  his  father  noticed  that  Alfred  was 
crying,  &  asked  him  what  was  the  matter.  The  child's  reply  was  a 
turning  point  in  the  history  of  the  family.  "I  can't  get  dirt 
enough  to  cover  the  corn."  Then  the  father  thought  it  was 
time  to  go  where  the  world  had  more  dirt.  Soon  afterward  he 
became  a  member  of  the  Licking  Company. 


28  THE    LOCATION. 


CHAPTER  V. 

Rev.  Jacob  Little,  D.  D.,  in  his  History  of  Granville,  says  : 

"The  company  having  heard  much  of  the  fever  &  ague  as 
well  as  the  fertility  of  the  west,  wished  a  location  which  would 
avoid  the  evil  &  secure  the  good ;  contain  hills  for  health  & 
level  lands  for  fertility. 

"The  level  borders  of  the  Licking  [the  Indian  Pataskala,] 
through  the  center  of  the  township,  with  the  rising  hills  at  a 
little  distance  on  both  sides,  governed  the  agents  in  the  selec- 
tion of  this  place.  The  northeast  quarter  had  been  previously 
purchased  by  some  Welsh.  The  Scioto  [Land]  Company  pur- 
chased the  other  three  quarters;  &  stiil  increasing,  bought 
half  of  St.  Albans  Township,  a  quarter  of  Hartford  &  a  quar- 
ter of  Burlington,  in  all.  29,040  acres;  at  an  average  of  one 
dollar  &  sixty-seven  cents  an  acre,  ($\,6j2.X)." 

The  Hardy  section,  that  upon  which  the  village  was  located, 
"  was  regarded  as  the  most  important  point.  It  was  then 
supposed  that  the  capital  of  Ohio  would  be  Worthington,  be- 
tween which  and  Zanesville,  this  would  make  a  half-way 
town." 

An  illustration  of  the  failures  of  the  early  settlers  of  a  coun- 
try to  realize  their  expectations  may  be  seen  in  the  fact  that 
the  road  from  Granville  to  Worthington,  opened  at  that  early 
day  and  with  such  anticipations  of  its  use,  continues  at  this 
present  writing  (1880)  in  many  of  its  sections  one  of  the  poor- 
est for  its  age  in  all  this  region.  It  passes  through  an  unde- 
veloped country ;  and  only  recently  have  some  of  the  large 
streams  been  bridged,  and  still  the  carriage  track  winds 
among  stumps  that  cumber  the  road  from  side  to  side.  Col- 
umbus, instead  of  Worthington,  became  the  capital,  and  the 
National  Road  long  ago  took  the  carriage  travel  eight  miles 
to  the  south.  The  railroad  of  later  date  connecting  Zanes- 
ville and  Columbus  passes  also  three  miles  away,  through  the 
Ramp  Creek  valley.     Thus  has  Granville  been  once  and 


THE   CONVEYANCE. 


29 


again  left  to  consume  her  energies  in  other  channels  than 
those  of  trade. 

The  following  diagram  will  aid  the  reader  to  understand 
the  location  of  the  committee's  purchase,  and  the  allusions 
which  are  subsequently  made  to  it. 


5 


14 


fj'oca. 


0* 

J 


Je. 


'See/. 


Xtberly^ 


2L_A 


B4*.t 


s 


»*" 


Den/nan 

VI 09  rtc, 

JfLOUQ 


•Sow 


ft*** 

into. 


JkFRaan.       3 


5te<><e 

JOY?    <«« 


The  ranges  are  numbered  from  east  to  west,  13,  14,  15  the, 
Townships  from  south  to  north,  2.  3,  4;  the  townships  are  di- 
vided into  four  sections  each,  as  shown  in  Monroe  Township. 

Jonas  Stanbury  received  from  Government  a  patent  for  Sec- 
tion 2,  Township  2,  Range  13;  &  having  deeded  an  undivided 
half  to  John  Rathbone  for  #1,250,  they  two  with  their  wives 
deeded  the  whole  to  the  company's  agents  by  separate  convey- 
ances, Nov.  2,  1804,  for  #7,560;  there  being  5,040  acres  rated 
at  $1.50  an  acre. 

Joseph  Hardy  received  the  original  patent  for  Section  3, 
Township  2,  Range  13;  &  on  Nov.  1,  1804,  sold  to  the  com- 
pany's agents  for  #8,610,  there  being  4, 920  acres  rated  at  #1.75 
per  acre. 

Wm.  Steele  received  the  original  patent  for  Section  4,  Town- 
ship 2,  Range  13,  and  on  Oct.  1st,  1804,  he  &  his  wife  con- 
veyed to  the  company's  agents  for  $5,390,  there  being  only 
3,080  acres  at  #1.75  per  acre. 

John  Bray  received  the  patent  for  Section  2,  of  Township  2, 


30  BOUNDARIES. 

Range  14,  and  Nov.  22d,  1804,  deeded  it  to  the  company's 
agents,  by  his  attorney,  Jonas  Stanbery,  Esq.,  4,000  acres  @ 
$2.00  an  acre,  making  $8,000. 

Mathias  Denman  holding  the  patent  for  Section  4,  Town.  2, 
Range  14,  with  Phebe,  his  wife,  sold  to  the  company's  agents, 
Oct.  24th,  1804,  for  $6,000,  there  being  4,000  acres  @  $1.50. 

Jonas  Stanbery,  original  patentee  for  Sect.  2,  Town.  4,  Range 
13,  with  his  wife,  Nov.  2d,  1804,  conveyed  it  to  the  company's 
agents,  there  being  4,000  acres  at  $2  for  $8,000. 

Jonas  Stanbery,  original  patentee  for  Sect.  1,  Town.  4,  Range 
15,  with  his  wife,  Nov.  2d,  1804,  conveyed  the  same  to  the 
company's  agents,  there  being  4,000  acres  @  $1.25  for  $5,000. 

These  seven  sections,  relatively  situated  as  in  the  diagram, 
lay  in  the  U.  S.  Military  District.  This  was  bounded  on  the 
north  by  the  Greenville  Treaty  Line ;  on  the  east  by  the  Seven 
Ranges,  the  first  survey  authorized  by  the  United  States  west 
of  the  Ohio  River ;  on  the  south  by  the  Refugee  Tract,  a 
body  of  100,000  acres  set  apart  by  Congress  as  a  reward  for 
certain  British  subjects  who  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution, 
espoused  the  cause  of  the  colonists ;  and  on  the  west  by  the 
Scioto  River. 


THE    LICKING  COMPANY.  31 


CHAPTER  VI. 

On  the  21st  day  of  September,  1804,  a  lengthy  constitution 
was  adopted  by  the  company.  As  the  lands  that  had  been 
chosen  for  their  adventure  were  not  in  the  Scioto  Valley,  the 
name  "  Scioto  Land  Company  "  was  no  longer  appropriate. 
Therefore,  they  adopted  their  constitution  acting  under  the 
name  of  "  The  Licking  Land  Company." 

The  preamble  recognizes  the  fact  and  intent  of  the  agree- 
ment already  made,  describes  the  location  of  the  land  for 
which  they  were  negotiating,  and  provides  for  the  purchase 
of  such  other  lands  as  may  afterward  be  judged  best  by  the 
company. 

Article  first  binds  each  subscriber  to  take  of  the  company 
as  many  acres  as  he  annexes  to  his  name  in  subscribing,  and* 
stipulates  that  payment  shall  be  in  money,  real  estate  to  be 
appraised  by  disinterested  persons,  or  by  other  men's  obliga- 
tions, secured  either  by  mortgage  on  real  estate  or  by  respon- 
sible endorsers. 

Article  second  names  a  committee  of  trust,  consisting  of 
twelve  members,  who  shall  receive  and  give  real  estate  on 
the  part  of  the  company.  The  committee  thus  appointed 
were  Levi  Buttles,  Timothy  Rose,  Job  Case,  Russel  Atwater, 
Seth  Hayes,  Noadiah  Holcomb,  Solomon  Noble,  Timothy 
Spelman,  Levi  Hayes,  Samuel  Thrall,  Zadoc  Cooley  and 
Cornelius  Slocum. 

Article  third  provides  for  the  admission  of  future  members 
to  the  company. 

Article  fourth  provides  for  the  distribution  of  the  land  after 
certain  reservations  are  made.  A  town  plat  is  reserved,  which 
shall  have  as  as  many  building  lots  as  there  are  one  hundred 
acre  parcels  in  the  entire  purchase  ;  each  one  hundred  acres 
to  draw  a  building  lot  in  the  town.  A  school  lot  of  one 
hundred  acres  and   a  "  minister  lot"  of  one  hundred  acres 


32  THE   CONSTITUTION. 

are  also  reserved,  the  former  for  the  support  of  schools  in  the 
village,  and  the  latter  for  the  support  of  "  the  Gospel  minis- 
tration within  the  purchase  of  the  company."  Further,  all 
mill  seats  are  reserved.  The  remaining  lauds  of  the  purchase 
are  then  to  be  divided  into  one  hundred  acre  lots.  Two 
distributions  of  these  lots  are  then  provided  for.  At  the  first, 
the  choice  of  village  lots  and  farms  is  given  to  the  highest 
bidder.  The  second  division  is  for  those  who  do  not  choose 
to  bid  for  a  choice,  and  is  to  be  entrusted  to  a  committee  to 
be  chosen  by  the  proprietors  whose  interests  are  concerned. 
Actual  settlement  is  required,  either  of  the  proprietor  or 
some  other  acceptable  person,  under  certain  annually  recur- 
ring penalties  for  failure. 

Three  names  are  attached  to  the  first  compact  and  not  to 
this  constitution,  viz  :  Reuben  Ashmun,  Levi  Cooley  and  Asa 
Seymour. 

Also,  thirty-three  names  are  attached  to  the  constitution 
and  not  to  the  compact.  Some  of  these  are  from  Ohio,  and, 
of  course,  they  did  not  join  the  company  until  they  were  on  the 
ground.  Thus  the  whole  number  engaged  in  the  enterprise 
was  112. 

The  following  are  the  thirty-three  alluded  to  : 

Ephraim  Howe,  James  Coe,  Charles  Slocum, 

Jesse  Munson,  Jr.,  George  Cooley,        Timothy  Spelman, 

For  son, 

Wm.  Cooley,  Elias  Pomeroy,         Sam'l  Thrall,  for  son, 

Jesse  Munson,  Augustine  Munson,  Daniel  Wadsworth, 

Elkanah  Linnel,  Ethan  Clark,  Giles  Dayton, 

George  Avery,  Gad  Rose,  Elias  Gilman, 

Nathan  Allyn,  Justin  Hillyer,  Martin  Root, 

Jedadiah  H.Lewis,  Roswell  Rowley,      Thomas  S.  Sill, 

Nathan  Allyn,  Roswell  Rowley,      David  Butler, 

For  son,  For  son, 

Daniel   Baker,  Samuel  H.  Smith,   John  Johnson, 

Noble  Sheldon,  Jeremiah  R.  Munson,  Wm.  Reynolds. 

Leaving  out  the  three  mentioned  as  signing  the  compact 
but  not  the  constitution,  also  eight  who  would  seem  to  have 


THE    CONSTITUTION.  33 

signed  it  in  Ohio,  the  company,  at  the  time  of  starting,  con- 
sisted of  101  members,  which,  without  any  very  serious  im- 
port, happens  to  be  identical  in  number  with  those  who  landed 
on  Plymouth  Rock. 

The  committee  of  twelve  proceeded  to  receive  the  obliga- 
tions or  money  of  the  signers,  issuing  to  them  a  deed  for  an 
undivided  portion  of  the  new  lands.  Russel  Atwater,  Esq., 
acted  with  them  for  a  time,  and  then  resigned  his  position 
and  his  connection  with  the  company,  and  executed  a  quit 
claim  deed  to  the  res,t  of  the  committee  for  all  the  property 
they  had  received  in  trust  for  the  company  while  he  was  a 
member,  November  2,  1804,  as  attested  by  Titus  Fowler,  J. 
P.  for  Hampshire  [Mass]. 

All  these  deeds  were  recorded  in  Lancaster,  and  were 
transferred  to  the  Licking  County  records  from  pages  50  to 
170. 


34  PREPARATIONS. 


CHAPTER  VII. 

In  the  prosecution  of  their  preparations  the  company  held 
frequent  meetings  during  the  fall  and  winter  succeeding. 
Various  committees  were  appointed  and  important  business 
put  into  their  hands. 

Levi  Buttles  was  the  first  president  of  the  company,  but 
his  duties  calling  him  to  Ohio,  Russel  Atwater,  Esq. ,  was 
chosen  temporarily  in  his  place.  He,  in  turn,  declining  the 
appointment,  Dea.  Timothy  Rose  was  appointed  temporarily, 
and  when  they  reached  Ohio  he  became  president. 

Levi  Buttles  was  appointed  agent  for  the  transaction  of  the 
company's  business  in  Ohio. 

Timothy  Rose  and  Timothy  Spelman  were  appointed  a 
committee  to  receive  the  letters  addressed  to  the  company. 

Another  committee  was  to  receive  subscriptions  for  a 
library. 

Propositions  were  made  for  naming  the  new  town  after  one 
or  another  of  the  land-holders  from  whom  they  had  purchased 
their  lands,  but  it  was  finally  left  until  they  should  meet  on 
the  ground.  Ere  that  time  arrived  a  matter  had  transpired 
which  determined  them  to  drop  those  names  and  choose 
"Granville."  It  had  been  determined  to  add  to  their  pur- 
chase another  tract,  as  the  company  had  increased  beyond 
their  expectations.  The  agents  of  the  company  called  on 
the  agent  of  the  land-holders  in  New  York  and  opened  nego- 
tiations. He  professed  a  desire  to  serve  the  company  and 
assured  them  he  could  arrange  the  business  to  their  advant- 
age, and  better  than  they  could  for  themselves. 

The  land  was  sold  to  him  for  a  dollar  an  acre,  and  he  sold 
to  them  for  two,  doubling  the  cost  to  them  and  putting  half 
the  price  of  the  section  into  his  own  pocket.  After  this 
transaction  the  proposed  names  were  not  so  savory  in  the 
minds  of  the  settlers. 


ADVANCED    COMPANIES.  35 

It  had  been  determined  to  send  forward  eighteen  men  in 
the  spring  to  improve  land,  raise  corn,  build  huts  for  the  tem- 
porary accommodation  of  the  emigrant  families,  and  to  erect 
a  saw  and  grist  mill.  The  number  was  afterward  reduced  to 
twelve.  Finally  three  smaller  companies  were  sent  at  dif- 
ferent times.  In  March,  1805,  five  men  were  sent  out  who 
reached  their  destination  in  April.  They  were  Elkanah 
Linnel,  Titus  Hoskin,  Gideon  Cornell,  Elihu  Cooley  and 
Elias  Pomeroy.  Their  method  was  to  seize  upon  favorable 
localities,  here  and  there  an  open  spot,  perhaps  one  that  some 
squatter  had  used  previously,  or  a  bit  of  prairie,  or  one  that 
could  be  opened  to  the  sun  by  topping  off  the  trees ;  then 
hoe  in  the  corn  without  plowing,  trusting  chiefly  to  the  virgin 
soil  for  a  crop.  They  had  numerous  competitors  for  posses- 
sion of  their  corn  while  growing,  and  particularly  when 
ripening,  in  the  bears,  turkeys,  coons,  deer,  wild  hogs  and 
squirrels  that  roamed  at  will,  requiring  watching  day  and 
night  to  guard  against  them.  Of  course  they  could  do  but 
little,  without  resources,  in  a  wild  country,  toward  preparing 
to  receive  two  hundred  weary  emigrants  to  comfortable 
homes.  In  the  fall  when  their  work  was  done,  it  is  related 
of  Mr.  Pomeroy  that  with  a  pocket  compass  he  started  alone, 
taking  a  bee  line  for  the  northeastern  part  of  the  state,  where 
he  had  friends  whom  he  wished  to  find,  and  got  through  all 
right. 

A  surveying  party  was  sent  out  in  July  under  Mr.  James 
Coe,  consisting  of  Wm.  Reynolds,  Samuel  Waters,  Joshua 
Kendall,  Sereno  Holcomb  and  Wm.  Jones.  Their  work  was 
to  lay  out  a  town  site  as  near  as  possible  to  the  point  where 
the  three  sections,  the  Hardy,  the  Steele,  and  the  Stanbery  and 
Rathbone  sections  cornered  together;  to  fix  upon  a  burial 
lot,  school  lot,  and  minister  lot  as  reservations  ;  lay  out  roads ; 
and  divide  the  rest  into  lots  of  one  hundred  acres,  reserving 
all  mill  seats.  They  arrived  in  August  and  accomplished 
their  work  so  nearly,  by  the  arrival  of  the  colonists,  that  the 
division  of  lands  soon  after  commenced. 


36  FIRST  MILL   SITE. 

A  company  of  five  men  with  their  families  arrived  on  Fri- 
day, the  fifth  of  July,  sent  out  to  open  roads,  build  mills,  and 
prosecute  the  work  begun  by  the  others  in  getting  ready  for 
the  later  arrivals.  They  were  Timothy  Spelman,  Cornelius 
Slocum,  John  Phelps,  Ethan  Bancroft  and  Hugh  Kelley. 
Mr.  Bancroft  found  shelter  for  his  family  in  one  of  the  cabins 
at  the  mouth  of  Clear  Run.  Mr.  Phelps  and  Mr.  Spelman 
in  the  Jones  and  Cunningham  cabins,  and  others  here  and 
there.  Mr.  Spelman  seems  to  have  had  oversight  of  all  the 
workmen,  and  charge  of  all  the  company's  work ;  and  in  his 
absence  this  care  devolved  on  Mr.  Slocum.  Mr.  Phelps  was 
the  millwright  and  Mr.  Kelley  the  blacksmith.  They  put  up 
a  saw  mill  about  sixty  rods  below  the  mouth  of  Clear  Run,  on 
the  left  bank  of  Raccoon.  The  creek  made  a  bend  to  the 
south  and  back  again  to  its  original  course,  and  across  the 
neck  of  the  bow  was  a  natural  sluice-way  which  they  used 
for  a  feed-race.  They  made  a  dam  at  the  entrance  of  this 
cut-across  by  setting  sycamore  logs  on  end,  inclining  down 
stream,  in  a  trench  across  the  stream,  and  secured  a  fall  of  a 
few  feet.  But  the  freshets  were  too  much  for  the  anchorage 
of  the  sycamore  logs,  and  the  bed  of  the  stream  was  soon 
washed  clear  of  them.  Fifty  years  ago  the  remains  of  this 
dam  could  be  seen  in  a  continuous  line  of  stumps  running 
south  several  rods  from  the  stream.  The  site  of  the  mill  and 
race  has  just  now  (1880)  been  obliterated  by  the  steam  shovel 
that  loads  the  gravel  trains  for  the  Ohio  Central  R.  R. 

Afterward,  the  mill  was  removed  to  the  head  of  the  cut- 
across,  which  was  made  the  tail-race  ;  and,  as  the  first  dam 
had  proved  a  failure,  they  tried  one  made  of  brush.  This 
lived  to  see  the  saw  run  part  way  through  the  first  log,  when 
a  freshet  came  and  it,  too,  was  swept  away.  This,  of  course, 
was  the  first  mill  erected  within  the  township  so  far  as 
authenticated.  Whatever  that  aboriginal  brush  dam  already 
noticed  may  have  been  for,  we  know  not. 

Another  important  step  in  the  preparations  of  the  emi- 
grants was  the  selling  of  their  eastern  homes.     In  this  they 


SELLING   THEIR   EASTERN    FARMS.  37 

were  greatly  favored.  The  land-holders  of  whom  the  com- 
pany had  purchased  their  western  lands,  came  to  old  Gran- 
ville and  received  the  farms  of  the  emigrants  at  a  valuation 
fixed  by  "  indifferent  "  [disinterested]  parties,  in  payment  for 
the  western  tract ;  those  selling  taking  the  value  of  their 
farms  in  shares  of  the  company's  land,  to  be  afterward  al- 
lotted, according  to  agreement,  in  western  farms.  The  con- 
dition of  Europe  and  our  maritime  relations  had  been  such 
for  some  years  as  to  give  farmers  an  "  extravagant  "  price 
for  their  produce,  and  when  the  above  sales  were  made  farms 
were  high  in  value.  Within  three  years  thereafter,  from 
causes  unforseen,  prices  of  produce  and  real  estate  went 
down,  so  that  the  land-owners  never  realized  from  those  pur- 
chases what  they  cost  them. 

But  the  most  important  step  of  all  was  the  organization  of 
a  church,  May  i,  1805,  to  be  bodily  transplanted  from  the 
old  pastures  of  Massachusetts  to  the  wild  woods  of  Ohio. 
A  fair  proportion  of  the  emigrant  families  were  praying  fam- 
ilies, and  many  of  the  leading  men  were  church  members. 
On  Wednesday,  the  first  day  of  May,  twenty-four  persons 
were  organized,  by  a  council,  into  a  Congregational  Church. 
They  were  :  Samuel  Everitt,  Mrs.  Mindwell  Everitt,  Widow 
Abigail  Sweatman,  Israel  Wells,  Mrs.  Chloe  Wells,  Joseph 
Linnel,  Timothy  Rose,  Mrs.  Lydia  Rose,  Roswell  Graves, 
Mrs.  Hannah  Graves,  Job  Case,  Samuel  Thrall,  Mrs.  Tri- 
phosa  Thrall,  Levi  Hayes,  Hiram  Rose,  Mrs.  Sabra  Rose, 
Zadoc  Cooley,  Mrs.  Michal  Cooley,  Lemuel  Rose,  Mrs.  Ach- 
sah  Rose,  Samuel  Everitt,  Jr.,  Silas  Winchel,  James  Thrall, 
and  Hannah  Graves  (2nd). 

Before  they  left  Granville,  Zeruah,  wife  of  Joseph  Linnel, 
Elizabeth,  wife  of  Job  Case,  and  Sarah,  wife  of  William 
Gavit,  were  received  to  membership.  Also,  Timothy  Spel- 
man  was  taken  under  the  watch  of  the  church  and  admitted 
to  church  privileges,  he  being  of  another  denomination 
there  called  Separatists. 

They   adopted   a   covenant  and   articles  of  faith,  elected 


38  CHURCH    FORMED. 

Timothy  Rose  and  Levi  Cooley  deacons,  and  Samuel  Ever- 
itt,  Jr.,  clerk.  They  received  a  certificate  of  their  formation 
into  a  church,  which  was  signed  by  all  the  members  of  the 
council,  as  follows  :  Aaron  Church,  Nathaniel  Gaylord,  Ozius 
Eells,  Timothy  M.  Cooley,  Joel  Baker,  and  Roger  Harrison. 

Two  of  the  church,  Zadoc  Cooley  and  wife,  did  not  emi- 
grate at  that  time,  so  that  the  total  membership  on  arriving 
at  their  new  homes  was  twenty-five,  most  of  them  being 
young  heads  of  families. 

Dr.  Cooley,  the  pastor,  preached  a  sermon  on  the  occasion 
from  Ex.  33:15 :  "  If  thy  presence  go  not  with  me,  carry  us 
not  up  hence."  With  public  pledges  to  remember  each 
other  in  prayer,  and  with  many  tears  on  the  part  of  both 
mother  and  daughter  church,  they  separated. 

The  various  minor  preparations  can  as  well  be  imagined 
as  described.  Seven  hundred  miles  were  to  be  traversed 
with  ox  teams.  Men,  women  and  children  must  be  cared 
for,  taking  the  risk  of  exposure,  over-fatigue,  sickness,  acci- 
dent or  death,  by  the  way.  Food,  raiment  and  shelter  must 
be  provided,  by  day  and  by  night,  in  sunshine  and  shower. 
The  route  was  among  strangers,  much  of  it  by  an  unfre- 
quented way,  mountains- and  rivers  were  to  be  crossed,  and 
the  journey  was  to  end  in  a  wilderness,  with  a  winter  ap- 
proaching and  no  homes  to  welcome  them.  They  were  not 
fool-hardy.  Perhaps  no  undertaking  draws  the  line  so  closely 
between  necessities  and  superfluities  as  this.  This  must  be 
taken,  for  that  there  is  no  room  The  more  carriage,  the 
more  care ;  the  more  teams,  the  more  subsistence ;  the  larger 
the  cavalcade,  the  more  straightened  the  accommodations  by 
the  way ;  the  more  abundant  the  provisions,  the  greater  the 
expense.  The  supplies  are  curtailed  to  the  lowest  point  of 
ingenuity,  and  the  endurance  is  urged  to  the  highest  point 
of  possibility  ;  then,  trust  in  a  kind  providence  supplies  the 
missing  link.  The  oldest  among  them  were  serious  and 
provident,  and  the  youngest  were  moved  to  song  by  the  ro- 
mance of  the  situation.     Timothy  Spelman  contributed  a 


MINOR   PREPARATIONS.  39 

few  verses  of  song,  which  were  sung  at  their  gatherings  and 
by  the  way  all  summer  long.  Three  verses  of  this  song  are 
all  that  can  now  be  found.  The  tune  to  which  they  were 
sung  is  said  to  have  been  called  the  "  Belle  Quaker  ": 

1.   •  "  When  rambling  o'er  these  mountains 

And  rocks,  where  ivies  grow 
Thick  as  the  hairs  upon  your  head, 

'Mongst  which  you  cannot  go; 
Great  storms  of  snow,  cold  winds  that  blow, 

We  scarce  can  undergo; 
S.ays  I:  My  boys,  we'll  leave  this  place 

For  the  pleasant  Ohio. 


3.      "  But  long  and  tedious  winters, 
Our  cattle,  they  must  starve; 

We  work  and  tug  from  month  to  month 
To  dig  through  drifts  of  snow! 

Says  I,  My  boys,  we'll  leave  this  place 
For  the  pleasant  Ohio. 

8.     M  Our  precious  friends  that  stay  behind, 

We're  sorry  now  to  leave, 
But  if  they'll  stay  and  break  their  shins, 

For  them  we'll  never  grieve; 
Adieu,  my  friends!  Come  on,  my  dears, 

This  journey  we'll  forego, 
And  settle  Licking  Creek, 

In  yonder  Ohio." 


40  BY  THE  WAY. 


CHAPTER  VIII. 


In  the  month  of  September  the  families  began  to  leave  in 
small  companies  for  their  six  weeks'  journey.  Their  route 
from  Granville,  Mass.,  lay  soutliTwestward,  crossing  the 
Hudson  River  at  Fishkill  Landing,  or  Fort  Edward ;  thence 
over  a  point  of  New  Jersey,  across  the  Delaware  at  Easton, 
the  Schuylkill  at  Reading,  the  Susquehanna  at  Harrisburg, 
by  Carlisle  and  over  the  Alleghanies,  through  Washington, 
Pa.,  across  the  Ohio  at  Wheeling,  and  on  to  Zanesville. 
From  that  place  they  drove  through  unbroken  forests,  guided 
by  blazes  on  the  trees  made  by  those  who  had  gone  be- 
fore them.  Others,  from  Granby,  Conn.,  took  a  more  south- 
erly route,  by  Hartford  and  New  Haven,  eventually  falling 
into  the  same  road.  St.  Clairsville,  Belmont  County,  was  a 
new  settlement ;  there  was  a  hotel  kept  by  John  Beatty 
where  Cambridge  now  stands,  and  Washington,  Ohio,  was 
just  laid  out  as  a  village. 

The  first  company  to  arrive  consisted  of  Elias  Gilman, 
William  Gavit,  Silas  Winchel,  James  Thrall,  Levi  Rose  and 
Samuel  Thrall,  with  their  families,  and  Thomas  Sill.  This 
company  kept  the  Sabbath  throughout  the  journey,  stopping 
early  Saturday  evening,  so  as  to  have  all  preparations  made 
and  begin  holy  time  at  sundown,  according  to  their  custom. 
They  arrived  at  their  destination  Saturday,  November  2, 
having  been  forty-four  days  on  the  road. 

Tuesday,  November  12,  the  second  company  arrived,  con- 
sisting of  Lieutenant  Jesse  Munson,  Timothy  Rose,  Lemuel 
Rose,  Hiram  Rose,  Roswell  Graves,  Enoch  Graves,  Justin 
Hillyer,  Gideon  Cornell,  George  Avery  with  their  families, 
and  Amos  Carpenter,  Martin  Root,  Noble  Sheldon  and 
Thomas  Rathbone  This  company  did  not  rest  on  the  Sab- 
bath, and  were  forty-nine  days  on  the  road.  Jesse  Munson 
was  advanced  in  years  and  well  situated  in  life.     He  only 


ARRIVAL   BY  COMPANIES.  41 

came  to  be  with  his  children,  who  were  all  leaving  for  the 
west,  and  all  but  two  with  this  colony.  When  he  crossed 
the  Ohio  at  Wheeling,  he  was  disappointed  in  the  soil  and  looks 
of  the  new  country,  and  muttered,  "  if  they  hadn't  anything 
better  than  that  to  show  him,  he  should  give  them  a  big  gun 
and  go  back  again."  But  when  they  got  to  the  Licking 
Valley,  with  its  broad  expanse  of  deep,  rich  soil,  his  feelings 
changed.  He  would  get  out  and  examine  the  soil  in  his 
hands,  even  smelling  and  tasting  it,  expressing  the  greatest 
satisfaction.  When  they  got  to  the  Jones  cabin,  on  Center- 
ville  street,  then  occupied  by  Edward  Nash,  he  determined 
that  there  would  be  the  place  for  him  to  anchor,  saying  "  he 
should  have  that  farm."  Being  a  man  of  means,  he  paid 
the  price,  lived  and  died  there,  and  it  is  still  occupied  by  his 
descendants.  The  cabin  built  by  Jones,  of  blue  ash  logs, 
was,  in  after  years,  clearly  identified,  and  some  of  the  timber 
preserved  and  manufactured  into  canes. 

On  Sunday,  November  17,  three  men  arrived,  having  come 
through  without  load  in  twenty-two  days.  They  were  Sam- 
uel Everitt,  Jr.,  Arauna  Clark  and  Joab  Griffin. 

About  November  20,  arrived  Frederick  Moore  and  Worthy 
Pratt,  and  about  the  same  time  a  company  of  fourteen, 
Sylvanus  Mitchel,  Israel  Wells,  with  their  families,  and  James 
Sinnet. 

Monday,  December  2,  arrived  twenty-five;  Joseph  Linnel, 
Job  Case,  David  Butler,  with  their  families,  and  Titus  Knox, 
having  been  fifty-one  days  on  the  road.  Of  this  company 
was  Leveret  Butler,  a  lad  of  twelve  or  fourteen,  who  carried 
a  shot  gun.  He  strayed  away  one  day  hunting,  and  came 
into  camp  at  ten  at  night  with  half  a  score  of  squirrels,  after 
the  company  had  become  alarmed  at  his  long  absence.  He 
never  forgot  his  hunting  propensities,  and  made  them  very 
useful  to  the  colony  afterwards. 

Thus  far  176  had  arrived,  of  whom  fifty-two  were  heads  of 
families.     Others  came  from  other  quarters,  so  that  in  Jan- 

6 


42  INCIDENTS. 

uary  following  there  were  in  the  colony  234  persons ;  •  and 
these,  without  any  invidious  sense,  were  the  F.  F.  G.'s. 

During  their  journeyings,  sickness  had  visited  many  of 
them,  serious  dangers  encountered  some,  great  fatigue  was 
endured,  and  difficulties  overcome  by  all.  In  some  places, 
the  wagons  were  held  right  side  up  by  ropes  fastened  to  the 
top  and  held  by  men  walking  along  the  hill-side  above  the 
road.  Some  were  so  far  discouraged  as  to  wish  to  turn  back. 
But  the  more  enthusiastic  held  them  to  their  purpose,  and  all 
persevered. 

Two  or  three  incidents  may  be  worth  recording : 

A  son  of  Deacon  Rose,  as  he  was  climbing  into  the  wagon, 
which  was  about  to  start,  fell,  and  the  wheel  passed  over  his 
leg.  A  daughter  of  Enoch  Graves  was  run  over,  the  wheel 
passing  over  her  head  and  arm.  The  father,  seeing  the  acci- 
dent inevitable,  whipped  up  the  oxen  to  pass  over  the  child 
as  rapidly  as  possible,  and  her  life  was  saved.  Neither 
accident  delayed  the  company  a  half  hour. 

One  evening  they  drew  near  a  house  of  large  dimensions, 
and  were  fain  to  apply  for  shelter.  The  man  at  first  refused 
to  entertain  them,  alleging  that  the  Yankees  always  stole 
from  him.  Deacon  Rose  offered  his  riding  horse  as  security 
for  the  good  behavior  of  the  company,  and  reluctant  consent 
was  finally  given  Two  very  large  rooms  were  given  up  to 
them,  one  to  the  ladies  and  the  other  to  the  men.  In  the 
ladies'  room  were  great  piles  of  bedding  standing  on  chairs 
along  one  side  of  the  room.  It  was  noticed  that  a  colored 
woman,  a  servant  about  the  house,  several  times  came  in, 
handling  over  the  quilts,  and  seemed  very  officious  watching 
them .  When  they  came  to  start  in  the  morning,  sure  enough, 
the  host  missed  a  large  pewter  platter,  and  insisted  on 
searching  the  wagons.  This  would  cause  a  very  irksome 
delay.  Naomi  Cornell  and  Silence  Rose  remembered  the 
movements  of  the  colored  woman  the  evening  before,  and 
suspected  where  the  platter  was.  Giving  one  of  the  chairs 
a  little  tilt,  they  sent  the  clothing  over  the  floor,  and  the 


A    DUTCHMAN    PLACATED.  43 

platter  rattled  out  with  them.  Seizing  the  woman,  who  was 
near,  they  would  not  allow  her  to  go  until  the  host  came  and 
heard  their  story.  The  woman  confessed  her  guilt,  in  that 
and  former  thefts,  and  the  man  was  so  ashamed  of  his  charge 
against  the  Yankees  that  he  gave  them  twenty  pounds  of 
honey  and  half  a  dozen  loaves  of  bread  for  a  feast,  and  they 
parted  in  friendship. 

One  of  the  boys  was  on  another  occasion  sent  ahead  toward 
evening  to  secure  a  place  for  the  company  for  the  night.  He 
found  a  commodious  house  and  asked  a  woman  in  charge  of 
it,  if  they  could  spend  the  night  there.  "  I  reckon,"  was  her 
answer.  Not  understanding  the  provincialism  he  waited 
some  time  and  then  said,  "  I  wish  you  would  tell  me  whether 
we  can  stay  all  night  or  not."  "  Well,  I  reckon,"  the  woman 
answered  again.  Being  non-plused  he  went  back  to  the 
wagons  and  reported.  Older  heads  took  in  the  meaning 
better  and  arranged  to  stay. 

While  on  the  mountains  the  king  bolt  of  one  of  the  wagons 
broke.  Far  from  any  blacksmith,  they  must  rely  upon  their 
own  resources.  Mr.  Munson  drove  up  and  produced  from 
his  wagon  a  piece  of  hard  hickory,  which  his  forethought 
had  led  him  to  put  in  with  his  outfit,  and  of  this  a  bolt  was 
made  that  served  to  bring  the  wagon  to  its  journey's  end. 

The  largest  company  to  come  through  together  was  that 
of  Dea.  Rose.  They  reached  the  Jones  cabin,  Tuesday,  Nov. 
1 2th,  and  found  it,  as  well  as  all  other  cabins,  already  filled 
by  those  who  had  preceded  them.  There  was  waiting  with 
them  Rev.  Cyrus  Riggs,  a  Presbyterian  minister  from  West- 
ern Pennsylvania.  Having  heard  of  their  near  approach  he 
was  waiting  to  welcome  them  and  preach  them  a  sermon  be- 
fore going  on  his  way.  Scarcely  waiting  to  loosen  the  oxen 
from  their  yokes  or  to  eat,  one  hundred  assembled  for  public 
worship.  Then  they  sought  rest  in  sleep,  some  in  the  cabins 
and  others  in  the  wagons.  Thirty  persons  slept  in  one  cabin, 
the  preacher  being  first  provided  for.  The  night  was  made 
lurid  with  a  great  burning  log  heap,  and  thus  passed  the  first 


44  ON   THE  VILLAGE   SQUARE. 

night  with  the  body  of  the  emigrants  within  the  limits  of 
their  own  purchase. 

The  next  day,  Wednesday,  Nov.  13th,  (1805),  they  drove 
on  and  camped  on  the  village  square.  Lemuel  Rose  urged 
his  oxen  past  the  wagon  of  Dea.  Rose,  that  was  driven  by 
Martin  Root,  and  had  become  entangled  in  the  brush  ;  and 
was  the  first  to  drive  upon  the  town  site.  There  was  no 
work  of  human  hands  to  greet  their  eyes  except  the  little 
aboriginal  mound  of  earth  standing  just  in  front  of  where 
the  Town  Hall  now  stands,  and  the  surveyors  marks  upon 
the  trees.  They  selected  a  very  large  beech  tree,  a  little 
south  of  the  center  of  the  public  square,  and  proceeded  to 
cut  it  down.  Mr.  Coe,  the  surveyor,  was  present  and  as- 
sisted. All  the  men  took  turns  in  swinging  the  axes.  While 
this  was  being  done,  Mr.  Hiram  Rose,  either  to  have  the 
prestige  of  cutting  the  first  tree,  or  to  prepare  a  support  for 
the  other,  seized  his  axe  and  cut  down  a  small,  leaning  hol- 
low tree,  and  the  other  fell  upon  it.  According  to  the  letter, 
the  hollow  tree  was  the  first  one  cut,  but  accordingly  to  the 
spirit  the  beech  was  the  first. 

Four  families  at  once  pitched  their  little  tents  beside  it, — 
the  three  Roses  and  Hillyer.  They  set  stakes  a  few  feet  off, 
put  poles  across,  and  from  them  to  the  prostrate  tree.  These 
were  covered  with  brush  and  blankets ;  and  thus  they  lived 
until  some  temporary  cabins  could  be  hastily  thrown  up  and 
covered.  Their  fires  kept  wild  beasts  at  bay,  the  snakes  had 
gone  to  sleep  for  the  winter  and  troubled  them  not.  The 
ground  was  damp,  but  they  could  sleep  on  brush  heaps. 
They  were  exposed  to  the  rain  and  cold.  But  they  suc- 
ceeded, and  thus  our  village  was  begun. 


THE    SYMMETRICAL   LOCATION.  45 


CHAPTER  IX. 

Having  seen  them  encamped  upon  the  land  they  have 
purchased  for  their  future  homes,  let  us  find  a  point  of  ob- 
servation on  the  hill  beyond  the  stream  to  the  south  of  them 
and  take  a  more  distant  view  of  the  spot  they  have  chosen 
for  their  village.  It  is  a  singularly  symmetrical  locality. 
Our  northern  horizon  is  bounded  by  the  line  of  hills  that 
lie  just  beyond  their  camp.  The  valley  between  us  and  the 
hills  is  three-quarters  of  a  mile,  wide,  and  lies  in  two  benches, 
or  shelves,  the  first  being  but  little  above  the  banks  of  the 
creek,  and  sometimes  subject  to  overflow.  The  second  lies 
from  ten  to  forty  feet  higher.  Just  beyond  their  camp,  and 
in  front  of  us  as  we  look,  the  hill  is  bold  and  projects  toward 
us.  To  the  left  it  recedes  from  us  about  sixty  rods  and  sinks 
somewhat  in  height.  Then  coming  forward  again  it  rises  in 
another  prominence  to  the  height  of  the  first.  This  is  the 
hill  with  its  two  prominences  that  came  in  after  times  to  be 
called  the  Hill  of  Science.  In  earlier  times  it  was  called 
Prospect  Hill.  To  the  right  the  ridge  is  broken  by  a  valley 
through  which  courses  the  brook,  fed  by  living  springs 
among  the  hills,  which  the  settlers  named  Clear  Run.  Just 
before  us,  the  one  to  the  right,  the  other  to  the  left  of  us, 
rise  two  buttes,  or  isolated  peaks.  That  to  the  west  is  well 
formed  and  rises  nearly  as  high  as  the  ridge  beyond.  The 
emigrants  named  it  Stone  Hill,  but  it  came  afterward  to  be 
known  as  Sugar  Loaf.  Between  it  and  the  ridge,  the  valley 
bends  northward  and  into  the  ridge,  and  in  this  pass  the  val- 
ley is  only  a  trifle  higher  than  the  rest  of  the  second  level. 
The  butte  to  the  right  of  us  is  a  little  larger  and  not  so  sym- 
metrical, but  its  western  face  is  very  similar  to  that  with 
which  Sugar  Loaf  confronts  it.  This  peak  was  afterward 
known  as  Mt.  Parnassus. 

There  on  the  second  level,  bounded  by  the  ridge  on  the 


TOPOGRAPHY.  47 

north,  and  by  these  peaks  on  either  side,  and  on  the  south 
by  the  bank  that  descends  here  about  forty  feet  to  the 
bottom  lands  of  the  first  level,  and  about  eighty  rods  dis- 
tant from  the  stream,  is  the  site  of  the  future  village.  The 
plat  is  178  rods  by  106,  and  contains  a  fraction  less  than  118 
acres. 

Let  three-quarters  of  a  century  pass,  and  look  again. 
There,  in  these  after-days,  she  sits,  full  grown,  like  a  little 
queen  upon  her  throne.  Her  churches,  her  schools  of  every 
grade,  her  business  houses,  her  dwellings,  are  all  of  good 
appointment.  She  has  had  her  share  of  prosperity  and  of 
disaster,  but  has  held  on  her  way  with  a  quiet,  even  develop- 
ment and  true  dignity.  Her  children  arise  up  and  call  her 
blessed. 

Denison  University  has  chosen  a  beautiful  site  upon  the 
second  prominence  of  the  ridge,  and  it  is  now  proposed  to 
retain  both  the  names  that  have  been  used  in  times  past. 
Let  the  eastern  prominence,  against  which  Prospect  Street 
abuts,  remain  as  "  Prospect  Hill,"  and  the  summit  on  which 
the  University  stands  appropriate  the  other,  "  The  Hill  of 
Science." 

At  the  northern  base  of  Sugar  Loaf  is  the  reservoir,  fed 
from  a  distant  spring,  which  supplies  the  citizens  with  pure 
water ;  and  at  the  southern  base  of  Mt.  Parnassus  is  the  new 
and  well-kept  cemetery. 

Broadway  is  sketched  with  quadruple  lines.  Through  the 
middle  runs  the  drive-way.  It  is  bounded  on  either  side  by 
a  lawn.  Next  this  is  the  sidewalk,  lined  with  shade  trees. 
Within  the  walk  are  the  front  grounds  of  the  dwellings, 
used  only  for  shrubbery,  flowers  or  grass  plots. 

The  Ohio  Central  Railroad,  from  Toledo  to  the  coal  fields 
of  Perry  County,  having,  also,  a  branch  to  Columbus,  passes 
just  under  the  bank,  south  of  town.  The  youth  of  the  re- 
gion roundabout  are  entrusted  to  the  care  ol  these  literary 
institutions  ;  and  many  are  they  who  seek  a  resting  place  in 
this  quiet  retreat. 


48  ODE   TO   GRANVILLE. 

It  was  this  view  of  the  village  that  inspired  the  following 
Ode  to  Granville,  with  which  one  of  the  memorial  papers  of 
the  Seventy-fifth  Anniversary  closed  : 

THE  VILLAGE  OF  THE  HILLS. 

1.  Bright  is  the  dawn  of  morning 

When  peace,  like  dew,  distills; 
And  bright  thy  morning  waking, 

Thou  Village  of  the  Hills! 
Thy  lot  in  pleasant  places 

By  Providence  was  cast; 
Rich  harvests  thou  art  reaping 

From  labors  of  the  past. 

2.  Patient  in  care  thy  matrons; 

Thy  men  for  toil  were  strong; 
Thy  sons  went  forth  with  laughter, 

Thy  daughters  with  a  song. 
Thy  sun  has  neared  its  zenith, 

Thy  morning  toil  was  blest; 
Thy  sons  take  up  thy  burdens 

That  thou  from  toil  may'st  rest. 

3.  Among  thy  hills  enjoying 

Thy  heritage  so  fair, 
Thy  queenly  form  is  resting 

In  Nature's  "old  arm  chair." 
Old  "  Prospect  Hill  "  supports  thee, 

The  "  Hill  of  Science"  near, 
Whence  learn'd  professors  whisper 

Their  lore  into  thine  ear. 

4.  Fair  landscapes  spread  around  thee, 

Enchanting  to  the  sight; 
"  Parnassus  "  holds  thy  left  hand, 

And  "Sugar  Loaf"  thy  right. 
At  last,  the  track  of  Commerce 

Seeks  out  thy  quaint  retreat, 
And  daily  treasures  bringing,  « 

She  lays  them  at  thy  feet. 

5.  Thy  right  hand  shields  the  fountain 

Whence  hydrant  streams  are  fed; 
Thy  left  is  gently  guarding 
The  slumber  of  thy  dead. 


ODE   TO   GRANVILLE.  49 

Thy  neighbors  prize  thy  vantage, 

Thy  vigilance  they  see; 
They  bring  their  sons  and  daughters, 

Entrusting  them  to  thee. 

Then  hail!  thou  queenly  matron, 

Renowned  for  comeliness; 
To-day  thy  works  do  praise  thee, 

Thy  children  rise  and  bless. 
May  God's  right  hand  still  lead  thee, 

And  guard  thee  from  all  ills; 
May  thousand  birthdays  greet  thee, 

Thou  Village  of  the  Hills. 


50  THE   FIRST  WEEK. 


CHAPTER  X. 


Returning  now  to  our  emigrants,  we  find  them  busily  oc- 
cupied in  providing  for  their  families  a  temporary  shelter 
until  their  lands  can  be  divided,  and  they  can  proceed  to  erect 
their  permanent  homes.  In  putting  up  their  shelters  they 
built  chiefly  within  the  square,  so  as  not  to  be  in  each  other's 
way  after  the  lots  were  drawn.  Dea.  Rose  built  north  i  f  the 
road  near  the  east  side  of  the  square,  just  by  the  east  line  of 
the  Methodist  church  as  afterward  built.  Lemuel  Rose  was 
just  back  of  him  and  Hiram  Rose  a  little  west  and  where 
the  Town  Hall  now  stands.  Jesse  Munson  built  where  the 
Congregational  Church  afterward  stood,  Justin  Hillyer  just 
west,  and  Hugh  Kelleyjust  north  of  him.  Joseph  Linnel 
built  a  little  west  of  the  corner  so  long  occupied  by  Mr.  A. 
P.  Prichard's  drug  store,  Elias  Gilman  near  the  town  spring, 
and  Sylvanus  Mitchel  a  little  south  of  him.  W111.  Gavit 
built  on  the  corner  south  of  Jesse  Munson,  across  the  street 
and  near  the  lot  where  his  residence  was  for  many  years. 
Gideon  Cornell  built  near  Sugar  Loaf  and  probably  not 
until  after  he  drew  his  lots  which  lay  on  the  back  street. 
Samuel  Thrall,  George  Avery,  and  Timothy  Spelman  also 
spent  the  winter  in  town,  perhaps  not  building  until  the  lots 
were  drawn.  Other  members  of  the  company  were  accom- 
modated in  the  old  cabins  until  the  lands  were  divided,  when 
they  bent  their  energies  upon  improvements  on  their  farms. 

"  The  first  three  nights  there  fell  an  abundance  of  rain 
which  not  only  came  through  the  brush  and  blankets  "  under 
which  they  were  sleeping,  but  ran  on  the  ground  into  their 
shelters  and  under  the  beds  which  were  spread  on  the  ground. 
Some  were  driven  in  the  night  to  their  wagons. 

Amid  their  labors  the  Sabbath  came,  the  17th  of  Novem- 
ber, a  memorable  day.  They  had  arranged  to  have  public 
worship  in  the  open  air  beside  the  large  beech  tree.     At  the 


THE   SONG   IN   THE    DESERT.  51 

appointed  hour  the  horn  gave  the  signal  and  all  came  to- 
gether, a  goodly  congregation  numbering  ninety-three. .  Two 
sermons  were  read  by  Mr.  Rathbone,  one  of  which  was  Dr. 
Cooley's  sermon  preached  a  few  months  before  at  the  organ- 
ization of  the  church.  The  prayers  were  offered  by  Dea. 
Timothy  Rose,  Lemuel  Rose  and  Samuel  Thrall.  The  scene 
is  described  as  an  affecting  one.  The  memory  of  their  old 
homes  and  house  of  worship  rushed  upon  them  in  vivid  con- 
trast with  their  present  circumstances, — in  the  wild  forests, 
on  the  frontier  of  civilization,  no  floor  under  their  feet  save 
the  damp  earth,  no  covering  over  their  heads  but  God's  can- 
opy, no  seats  but  those  improvised  for  the  occasion  out  of 
logs  and  blocks  and  what  their  wagons  afforded,  no  pulpit 
but  the  stump  of  that  beech  tree,  and  no  pastor  at  all.  They 
prayed,  and  their  hearts  went  out  in  genuine  gratitude 
and  trust.  They  listened  to  the  sermons  read  and  grew 
stronger  in  their  undertaking.  They  sang  and  their  voices 
floated  out  among  the  trees  and  arose  above  them,  wafted  far 
out  on  the  autumnal  air.  But  the  accents  were  sometimes 
tremulous.  Silent  tears  coursed  down  their  cheeks  and  sobs 
mingled  with  the  song.  God  heard  them;  and,  as  they 
learned  afterwards,  an  unknown  neighbor  heard  them. 

Theophilus  Rees,  who  has  been  mentioned  as  settling  a 
mile  or  two  northeast  of  the  incipient  village,  had  occasion 
that  morning  to  look  for  some  cattle  that  had  strayed  from 
his  herd.  Being  drawn  by  the  lowing  of  the  company's 
oxen,  knowing  nothing  of  the  presence  of  settlers  so  near 
him,  he  had  approached  toward  them  so  near  as  the  point  of 
Prospect  Hill.  Standing  there  listening  to  catch  some  sound 
from  the  cattle,  there  fell  upon  his  astonished  ear  the  strains 
of  sweet  music.  They  seemed  wafted  to  him  from  the  tree 
tops  or  from  the  sky.  He  thought  of  angels  sent  to  earth  to 
minister  to  men  and  stood  in  rapt  bewilderment.  Then 
coming  on  a  little  nearer  and  around  the  point  of  the  hill,  the 
song  burst  upon  him  more  clearly.  He  followed  it  up  until 
through  the  trees  and  underbrush  he  could  make  out  what 


52  THREE -SIDED   CABINS. 

was  going  on.  Then  he  retraced  his  steps  without  making 
his  presence  known.  He  hastened  home  to  tell  his  wife  that 
they  had  got  some  new  neighbors  and  she  need  not  be  afraid 
of  them,  for  they  had  got  the  ark  of  God  among  them. 
Then,  using  a  Welsh  proverb,  he  said,  uThe  promise  of  God 
is  a  bond."  He  had  seen  the  silent  wilderness  becoming 
vocal  with  the  praise  of  Jehovah.  I^ong  after,  though  he 
could  neither  speak  nor  understand  English,  he  regularly 
presented  himself  a  worshiper  among  them,  sometimes  lead- 
ing them  in  prayer,  but  in  his  own  tongue ;  and  was  a  true 
neighbor  and  fast  friend. 

Before  the  next  Sabbath  came,  Deacon  Rose  and  his  hired 
man  had  raised  his  three  sided  cabin,  which  was  their  place  of 
worship  for  several  succeeding  Sabbaths.  As  the  first  cabin  put 
up  in  the  village  or  by  any  of  the  company ;  as  a  sample  resi- 
dence of  the  people  during  that  winter,  which,  providentially, 
was  an  open  one ;  as  a  Council  House  or  Town  Hall  for  the 
company's  business  meetings  ;  as  a  hotel ;  and  as  the  first 
house  of  worship,  all  combined,  this  cabin  deserves  the  best 
description  that  can  be  given  of  it. 

It  was  about  twenty  feet  wide  and  twenty-eight  long, 
hastily  made  by  rolling  up  great  beech  logs  three  high,  with 
enormous  cracks,  chinked  in  with  other  logs  and  stuffed  with 
the  heavy  moss  from  the  forest  trees.  The  logs  of  the  rear 
end  were  interlapped  with  those  of  the  sides,  cabin  fashion, 
but  the  front  ends  of  the  side  logs  were  built  up  with  puppies 
— so  log-architecture  designates  them — that  is,  blocks  fitted 
between  and  across  the  logs,  to  hold  them  firmly  in  place. 
Thus,  the  two  sides  and  back  end  were  built  up  closely, 
or  solid,  and  to  a  reasonable  height.  It  was  covered  with  split 
shingles,  or  clapboards,  rived  out  of  ash,  and  six  feet  long. 
These  were  laid  on  ribs,  and  held  in  place  by  weight-poles, 
with  knees  between  them.  It  would  shed  a  great  deal  of  the 
rain!  The  front,  which  was  toward  the  south,  was  all  open. 
But  after  leaving  space  for  a  passage  way  in  and  out,  the 
rest  was  occupied  by  a  great  blazing  log  heap,  kept  burning 


■*>. 

^kmM"t 

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s 

P-LaS 

sss 

pL^Jj 

^3*  *' **<g^  A  : 

pT< 

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THE  FIRST  HOUSE  THAT  SHELTERED  A  FAMILY  IN  GRANVILLE  TOWN. 


54  COMMODIOUS    QUARTERS. 

• 

night  and  day.  It  needed  neither  door  nor  window,  and  the 
floor  was  earth.  The  cracks  and  fire  gave  light  enough,  and 
if  the  smoke  blew  in,  it  blew  out  again.  The  top  logs  were 
stayed  in  place,  so  as  not  to  spread  with  the  weight  of  the 
roof,  by  saplings  pinned  across  overhead.  On  these  the  boys 
used  to  perch  during  public  service. 

A  number  of  cabins  were  made,  with  some  variations  from 
this  pattern,  that  accommodated  the  families  for  that  first 
winter.  They  were  not  yet  practiced  in  log  architecture. 
Instead  of  an  open  end,  some  laid  up  an  angle  of  shorter 
logs,  which  they  lined  with  stones,  leaving  room  at  each  side 
to  drive  a  yoke  of  oxen  in  and  out,  for  the  purpose  of  draw- 
ing in  logs  and  rolling  them  upon  the  fire. 

Their  beds  were  sometimes  spread  on  brush,  and  some- 
times more  artistically  made  by  boring  into  the  logs  for  rests 
for  poles,  on  which  their  beds  were  laid.  If  any  think  a 
brush  heap  a  rough  place  to  sleep,  let  them  go  from  ordinary 
packed  mattresses,  and  try  one.  The  soldiers,  when  cam- 
paigning, used  to  think  themselves  favored  if  they  could  find 
one  ready  made,  whereon  to  throw  themselves,  without  any 
intervening  bed  ;  and  let  it  be  remembered,  our  emigrants 
had  now  been  campaigning  about  two  mouths. 

In  quarters  like  this,  and  even  less  commodious,  families 
of  eleven,  ten,  nine  or  less,  some  of  them  with  hired  men, 
or  "  boarders  from  the  East,  locating  land,"  spent  that 
memorable  winter.  The  same  room  was  bed-room,  parlor, 
nursery,  kitchen,  dining-room,  office,  work-shop  and  store- 
house —  a  complete  caravansary,  except  the  stable. 

A  picture  drawn  as  faithfully  as  can  be  done  from  the 
descriptions  given  by  the  few  now  living  who  saw  the  cabin, 
must  tell  the  rest.  It  is  so  nearly  true  to  its  original,  that  it 
is  recognized  with  pleasure  by  the  few  who  could  judge  of 
its  accuracy. 


BUSINESS.  55 


CHAPTER  XI. 


The  last  entry  of  the  company's  minutes  made  in  old 
Granville,  reads  thus  : 

"  Voted  that  this  Meeting  be  Adjourned  to  the  first  Monday 
of  December  Next  at  Nine  O'clock  in  the  Morning  to  Meet  on 
the  Hardy  Section  Which  the  Co.  purchased  in  the  State  of 
Ohio  for  the  purpose  of  Making  the  first  Devision  of  Lands  the 
Company  Owns  in  Sd  State." 

True  to  adjournment,  they  met  Monday,  December  2,  at 
Deacon  Timothy  Rose's  new  cabin.  Lieutenant  Buttles,  the 
President  of  the  company,  had  died  at  Worthington,  in  the 
interim,  and  Timothy  Rose  was  appointed  to  the  office  in  his 
place. 

Members  continued  to  be  received  to  the  company,  but 
only  in  place  of  such  as  had  lost  or  resigned  their  connection 
with  it ;  some  even  having  come  on  from  the  East  with  the 
company  in  confidant  expectation  of  such  changes.  Roswell 
Rowley,  Daniel  Wadsworth,  Phineas  Rowley,  James  Thrall 
and  Thomas  Spelman  were  received  to  membership  after 
the  adjournment  of  the  company,  by  action  of  the  Executive 
Committee,  before  leaving  Massachusetts.  In  Ohio,  the  com- 
pany received  Jeremiah  R.  Munson,  Esq.,  in  place  of  Jesse 
Rice ;  Martin  Root  in  place  of  one  right  of  Josiah  Graves  ; 
Elias  Gilman  in  place  of  Ephraim  Howe,  Jr.;  John  Johnson 
in  place  of  Hugh  Kelley,  for  his  sister,  and  David  Butler  in 
place  of  Solomon  Noble. 

A  few  days'  delay  in  the  division  of  the  lands  was  occa- 
sioned by  the  surveys  not  being  completed.  Samuel  Thrall 
and  Cornelius  Slocum  were  made  a  committee  to  act  with 
Timothy  Spelman,  already  appointed,  u  to  complete  the  mill 
and  do  the  surveying  necessary  to  the  first  division." 

The  corn  that  had  been  raised  during  the  summer  was  held 
for  sale  at  two  shillings  (thirty-three  cents)  a  bushel.    The  fod- 


56  ROADS — RESERVATIONS. 

der  was  distributed,  each  man  getting  about  as  much  as  he 
could  carry  home  on  his  back  for  a  single  share.  The  cattle 
and  tools  and  "  all  other  articles"  belonging  to  the  company 
were  held  for  sale.  These  matters  were  entrusted  to  a  com- 
mittee consisting  of  Samuel  Thrall,  James  Coe  and  Wm. 
Gavit.  Roads  were  laid  out  and  opened  by  direction  of  the 
company  in  expectation  that  in  due  time  they  would  be  es- 
tablished by  proper  authority  and  become  permanent ;  one 
to  Owl  Creek  (Mt.  Vernon),  another  to  Worthington,  and  a 
third  to  Lancaster.  Jeremiah  R.  Munson,  Elias  Gilman,  and 
Lemuel  Rose  were  a  committee  "  to  furnish  Supplies  pack 
Horse  Chain  Men  and  an  Ax  Man  to  Wait  on  the  Viewers 
and  Run  a  Road  from  Lancaster  to  Granville  Settlement  from 
thence  to  Owl  Crick."  Afterward,  Job  Case,  Hugh  Kelley 
and  Joshua  Kindall  were  made  a  committee  to  superintend 
the  work  in  opening  the  roads. 

Certain  reservations  were  made  in  addition  to  those  already 
made,  which  will  be  understood  by  the  following  extract 
from  the  company's  records.  Under  date  of  Dec.  5, 1805,  it  is 
recorded,  as  follows : 

"5  Voted  that  four  Acres  in  Square  form  be  taken  Out  of 
Lot  No  15  3d  Range  at  the  North  West  Corner  &  Reserved 
for  public   Use.     [Summit  of  Sugar  Loaf.] 

"6  Voted  to  Establish  the  Bureying  Ground  a[s]  Layed 
Out  at  the  North  West  Corner  of  Lot  No.  14  3d  Range  South 
of  the  Town  plat  [The  old  cemetery.] 

M  7th  Voted  that  the  Lot  No.  11  in  the  3d  Range  be  Appro- 
priated for  the  Seport  of  the  Gospel  [First  lot  S.  E.  of  Lancas- 
ter bridge.] 

"8th  Voted  that  Lot  No  15  in  the  2d  Range  be  appropria- 
ted for  the  Seport  of  a  School  [on  Centerville  St.,  half  a  mile 
east  of  town.] 

•'9th  Voted  that  2  Acres  in  the  Lot  No.  n  in  the  3d  Range 
be  Reserved  a  public  Road  to  the  Saw  Mill  [Lying  along  Clear 
Run,  from  Centerville  St.  to  the  Creek.] 

V  10  Voted  that  the  Spring  on  Block  No  2  in  the  Town  plot 
be  Reserved  for  publick  Use  &  put  Over  to  A  futer  Meeting  " 
[Near  Esq.  Gilman's  lot,  and  known  as  the  Town  Spring?\ 


THE  COUNTY  SKAT  —  SCHOOL.  57 

It  had  been  thought  by  some  of  the  company  that  their 
village  would  be  laid  out  further  to  the  east,  on  the  plain 
through  which  Centerville  Street  runs,  with  the  confident  ex- 
pectation that  it  would  also  become  the  county  seat  when  by 
a  new  division  another  county  should  be  set  off.  This  mat- 
ter of  the  county  seat  led  to  some  difference  between  the 
Granville  and  Newark  people  on  the  subject.  A  petition 
concerning  the  bounds  of  the  county  had  been  sent  to  the 
General  Court ;  that  is,  the  Legislature ;  and  a  counter  peti- 
tion went  up  from  the  Licking  Company,  Jeremiah  R.  Mun- 
son,  Esq.,  being  appointed  a  committee  to  present  it. 

A  little  experience  with  dams  and  floods  in  the  western 
streams  seems  to  have  discouraged  the  company  in  estab- 
lishing their  mill.  They  therefore  offered  at  public  sale 
their  reserved  mill  seat  at  the  mouth  of  Clear  Run,  together 
with  the  mill,  machinery  and  all  the  appurtenances. 

Early  action  was  taken  to  secure  a  school  for  the  winter. 
Samuel  Thrall,  Lemuel  Rose  and  Elias  Gilman  were  made 


THE  FIRST  SCHOOL  HOUSE.       1806. 

a  committee  on  this  behalf.  It  resulted  in  the  building  of  a 
large  logf  school  house  on  the  south  side  of  the  public  square, 
a  little  east  of  where  the  Baptist  Church  now  stands.  "  This 
was  a  magnificent  building,"  is  the  language  of  one  who  was 
privileged  to  attend  the  school  taught  the  latter  half  of  that 
winter  by  Mr.  Rathbone.  The  windows  were  of  oiled  paper, 
the  seats  were  shaved  puncheons  laid  on  blocks,  and  the 
8 


58  SALE   OF   LOTS. 

,desks  were  of  the  same,  fixed  to  the  logs  of  the  house  at 
suitable  height  by  pins  set  in  auger-holes.  The  house  was 
also  used  for  religious  meetings  and  for  town  gatherings. 
The  entrance  was  near  the  northeast  corner.  The  chimney 
was  on  the  east  end  and  the  fire-place  was  just  to  the  left  as 
one  entered. 

The  day's  wages  of  a  man  at  this  time  was  four  shillings, 
(sixty-seven  cents,)  and  the  same  sum  paid  for  the  use  of  a 
yoke  of  oxen  for  a  day,  with  chains  enough  to  work  them. 

The  meetings  of  the  company  were  often  held  on  Sunday 
evening.  In  explanation  of  this  it  should  be  said  that  the 
universal  custom  among  them  at  that  time  was  to  begin 
their  Sabbath  at  sundown  on  Saturday  evening,  and  close  it 
at  sundown  Sunday  evening.  They  therefore  felt  at  liberty 
to  transact  secular  business  on  Sunday  evening,  but  they 
would  by  no  means  do  it  on  Saturday  evening. 

Another  remarkable  fact  is  that  whisky  is  several  times 
mentioned  as  being  called  for  and  used  at  their  business 
meetings.  It  is  to  be  remembered  that  the  light  of  the  Tem- 
perance Reformation  had  not  then  dawned.  All  men  drank 
%  freely  as  they  listed.     It  was  but  a  universal  custom. 

On  Tuesday  the  ioth  of  December,  (1805),  the  sale  of  lots 
began  at  vendue ;  James  Coe,  Noadiah  Holcomb  aftd  Joab 
Griffin  being  a  committee  to  receive  the  money  paid  by 
the  bidders  each  for  his  choice,  the  aggregate  of  which  was 
to  be  equally  divided  among  the  members  of  the  Company 
according  to  the  quantity  of  land  he  purchased.  The  town 
lots  were  first  sold,  and  next  day  the  farm  lots.  No  bid  on 
the  village  lots  less  than  ten  cents  was  accepted,  and  on  the 
farm  lots  less  than  one  dollar.  Those  who  were  absent  were 
permitted  to  be  represented  by  others  in  the  biddings. 

For  the  choice  of  town  lots,  the  highest  bid  would  appear 

•  to  have  been  made  by  Samuel  Everitt,  Jr.     He  paid  seventy 

dollars  for  one  on  Broad  Street,  near  Prospect  —  one  of  the 

best  lots — and  seventy  dollars  for  one  lying  on  the  hillside, 

and  one  of  the  least  desirable.     But  no  other  bid  rose  higher 


INDIVIDUAL   BIDS*  59 

than  $25.25,  which  sum  Deacon  Timothy  Rose  paid  for  his  lot' 
at  the  corner  of  Broad  and  Pearl  Streets.  The  one  next  east 
of  Mr.  Everitt's  —  northwest  corner  of  Broad  and  Prospect 
Streets  —  sold  to  Justin  Hillyer  for  $20.50,  and  the  one  next 
west  to  William  Slocum  for  $16.30.  This  is  not  explained. 
It  may  be  that  the  fact  that  Mr.  Everitt  drew  up  the  parti- 
tion deed  without  charge  may  have  something  to  do  with  it, 
no  further  pay  for  his  lots  being  required  of  him,  and  that 
service  being  considered  worth  the  sum  he  is  said  to  have 
paid  for  them. 

In  bidding  for  the  farm  lots,  half  a  dozen  bids  ranged  over 
$300  each,  and  in  the  following  order :  Job  Case,  whose  farm 
was  a  mile  west  of  town,  where  the  Loudon  road  leaves  the 
Worth ington  road,  $344 ;  Noadiah  Holcomb,  midway  on 
Loudon  Street,  $341 ;  Levi  Hayes,  the  last  farm  in  the  com- 
pany's purchase  on  the  east,  and  to  the  north  of  the  Newark 
road,  $337  ;  Cornelius  Slocum,  for  the  farm  long  occupied  by 
Captain  Joseph  Fassett,  three-quarters  of  a  mile  east  of 
town,  $331 ;  Samuel  Thrall,  for  the  McCune  farm,  long  oc- 
cupied by  Mr.  Joseph  Linnel,  a  mile  and  a  half  east  of  town, 
$317;  Lieutenant  Jesse  Munson,  the  farm  where  the  Jones 
cabin  stood,  $313. 

The  land  was  valued  to  every  member  of  the  company  at 
$167.30  per  one  hundred  acres,  each  one  paying  in  addition 
to  this,  for  his  choice  of  location,  whatever  he  bid.  Each 
one  hundred  acres  drew  a  town  lot,  and  for  the  choice  of 
these,  again  bids  were  received. 

The  first  farm  lot  bid  off  was #  by  Timothy  Spelman,  Esq. 
He  paid  for  his  choice  $138.  It  was  the  faim  adjoining  town 
on  the  northeast,  through  which  Clear  Run  passes,  and  on 
which  the  flouring  mill  stands. 

The  largest  purchase  as  to  acres  was  that  of  Lieutenant 
Jesse  Munson,  who  received  a  deed  for  1500  acres  at  the 
company's  price.  His  bids  being  added,  his  tract  cost  him 
$3043.80.  The  next  in  size  was  that  of  James  Sinnet,  one 
thousand  acres,  his  biddings  increasing  the  cost  to  $1776.50. 


60  DIVISION  OF  LOTS. 

•The  next  was  that  of  Jesse  Munson,  Jr.,  eight  hundred 
acres.  It  does  not  appear  that  he  bid  anything  for  his 
choice,  as  his  land  is  charged  at  the  company's  price,  $1338.40. 
The  next  is  that  of  Timothy  Spelman,  seven  hundred  acres, 
costing  $1997.80.  The  next  was  Cornelius  Slocum's  six 
hundred  acres,  costing  $1594.65.  Levi  Buttles,  Job  Case, 
David  Messenger,  Silas  Winchel,  Joseph  Linnel,  William 
Cooley,  Jr.,  William  Gavit,  and  Samuel  Thrall,  received 
deeds  for  five  hundred  acres  each,  at  an  additional  cost  for 
choice  varying  from  $898.50  to  $1601.70. 

Some  paid  nearly  as  much  for  their  choice  as  they  did  for 
their  land,  while  others  paid  nothing  for  a  choice.  The  ag- 
gregate of  these  biddings  was  not  far  from  $20,000.  When 
this  came  to  be  distributed  to  the  members  of  the  company, 
some  of  them  received  in  their  dividend  nearly  or  quite  as 
much  as  their  land  cost  them  ;  they  thus  getting  a  farm  at 
the  expense  of  those  who  paid  for  a  choice  above  them. 
About  eighty  persons  received  their  farms  and  village  lots 
thus  by  paying  a  premium  for  their  choice. 

While  the  sale  of  lots  at  vendue  was  proceeding,  a  com- 
mittee of  three  (Noadiah  Holcomb,  James  Coe,  and  Joab 
Griffin)  was  appointed  to  digest  a  plan  by  which  the  further 
division  of  lots  might  be  made.  This  was  on  the  9th  of 
December.  On  the  nth  they  reported,  and  the  sale  pro- 
ceeded on  the  1 2th. 

The  proprietors  met  and  organized,  being  such  as  did  not 
choose  to  pay  for  a  choice  of  lots.  Job  Case  was  made  their 
president,  and  Timothy  Spelman,  clerk.  The  first  business 
was  the  distribution  of  their  town  lots.  The  town  spring 
lot,  on  account  of  the  spring,  was  sold  to  the  highest  bidder 
(Lieutenant  Jesse  Munson),  he  giving  a  lien  to  the  company 
that  the  spring  should  be  for  public  use  "  as  long  as  water 
runs."  Elias  Gilman,  afterward  coming  into  possession  of 
the  lot,  gave  a  deed,  March  21,  1806,  recorded  in  Fairfield 
County,  Lancaster,  March  31,  1806,  renouncing  all  title  to 
the  spring  and  as  much  ground  around  it  as  might  be  needed 


THE   SECOND   DIVISION.  61 

for  water- works,  if  trie  "inhabitants"  should  thereafter  see 
fit  to  use  the  spring  for  the  public  good. 

The  further  division  proceeded  by  lot,  William  Reynolds- 
and  Frederick  Moore  being  chosen  to  draw  the  tickets.  In 
the  division  of  farm  lands  the  same  method  was  pursued. 
Each  section  was  drawn  by  lot  separately,  the  unappropri- 
ated fractions  of  the  Hardy  &  Stanberry  sections  being  di- 
vided among  the  other  sections  ;  each  member  to  have  a 
portion  of  his  land  in  each  section  ;  thus,  by  the  chances  of 
several  drawings,  equalizing  the  probabilities  that  each 
member  would  receive  a  fair  average  quality  of  land.  Then, 
by  exchanging,  buying,  and  selling,  each  could  obtain  his 
land  in  contiguous  tract.  If,  however,  any  were  dissatisfied 
with  this  method,  they  had  the  privilege  of  receiving  their 
land  in  one  tract  under  the  direction  of  a  committee  chosen 
by  those  interested.  January  15,  1806,  Deacon  Timothy 
Rose,  in  a  letter,  says  :  "  We  have  come  to  the  division  of 
our  land,  and  that  peaceably  ;  and,  as  I  believe,  honestly." 

A  partition  deed  drawn  up  by  Samuel  Everitt,  Jr.,  was 
given  by  the  company,  in  which  the  purchase  of  each  mem- 
ber is  described.  It  was  signed  by  each  member  of  the 
company,  some  absentees  signing  by  their  attorneys.  By 
thus  subscribing,  each  member  of  the  company  signed  away 
his  claim  to  every  part  of  the  land  except  that  described  by 
the  deed  as  apportioned  to  himself.  Thus  was  each 
one's  title  made  good  to  himself  from  the  company.  A  copy 
of  this  deed  occupies  twenty-eight  pages  of  very  closely 
written  foolscap  paper,  including  a  plat  of  the  village,  with 
tables  of  the  proprietors'  names,  their  village  and  farm  lots, 
the  location  of  the  same  in  sections  and  ranges,  etc.  On  the 
8th  day  of  March,  1806,  the  deed  was  acknowledged  before 
Abraham  Wright,  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Fairfield  County, 
seventy-eight  signatures  being  attached.  The  recording  of 
this  deed  cost  the  company  $25.00,  and  the  instrument 
itself  was  entrusted  to  the  custody  of  Timothy  Spelman. 


62  EARLY  EXPERIENCES. 


CHAPTER  XII. 


The  winter  oi  1805-6  was  one  of  new  experiences  for  all  the 
settlement ;  it  proved  to  be  an  open  one,  so  that  their  sufferings 
from  exposure  and  cold  were  not  very  great.  Then,  there 
was  abundance  of  wood  at  every  man's  door,  and  they  were 
glad  to  put  it  out  of  the  way  in  their  great,  roaring  fires,  kept 
burning  night  and  day.  Evening  gatherings  for  social  chat 
were  frequent.  Conversations  with  friends  and  interchange 
of  experience  in  their  new  circumstances  were  needed.  Be- 
ing so  far  removed  from  all  other  friendships,  they  made  the 
more  of  their  social  life.  While  the  older  ones  were  thus 
met  lor  planning  and  conference,  the  younger  ones  would 
gather  for  innocent  frolic.  Father  and  mother,  with  thought- 
ful countenances,  would  start  out  to  spend  the  evening  with 
their  neighbors.  They  would  scarcely  be  hidden  from  sight 
in  the  darkness  among  the  thick  trees,  when  a  horn  would 
blow,  as  a  concerted  signal  among  the  young  people  that  the 
cat  was  away  and  the  mice  might  play,  and  troops  would 
start  up  here  and  there,  all  making  for  the  rendezvous.  So 
prompt  was  the  response  that  sometimes  the  two  parties 
would  meet  in  the  woods,  going  in  opposite  directions,  and 
the  old  folks  would  wonder  who  those  young  people  were, 
and  where  they  were  going.  The  young  folks  had  undis- 
puted possession  of  one  cabin,  and  the  old  folks  were 
undisturbed  in  their  consultations  in  the  o,ther.  The  young 
folks  knew  the  old  folks  were  planning  for  their  welfare,  and 
were  happy.  The  old  folks  had  full  confidence  in  their 
children,  that  they  were  in  no  mischief,  wherever  they  were. 
The  parents  would  return  to  their  homes  when  the  evening 
was  spent,  to  find  that  the  children,  too,  had  been  enjoying 
themselves,  and  all  were  satisfied. 

Owing  to  the  failure  of  their  mill  dam,  they  were  obliged 
to  go  for  flour  to  Chillicothe,  a  distance  of  sixty  miles.  Four 
men,  Justin    Hillyer,  Levi    Rose,  Augustine    Munson   and 


WILD   TURKEYS.  63 

Thomas  Spelman,  made  this  trip  during  the  winter,  with  ox 
teams,  returning  with  their  loads  in  twenty-one  days.  Their 
route  was  through  the  woods  to  Lancaster,  from  which  place 
a  road  had  been  opened  to  Chillicothe.  It  took  them 
four  days  to  travel  that  first  twenty-six  miles  to  Lancaster. 

Another  commodity,  regarded  a  necessity  in  those  days, 
was  whisky.     This,  too,  was  brought  from  Chillicothe. 

But  the  woods  around  them  abounded  in  choice  game. 
Wild  turkeys  were  so  plentiful  as  to  become  a  pest  to  the 
crops.  They  "  went  in  flocks  to  the  size  of  a  hundred,  and 
some  of  the  settlers' say  five  hundred.  When  they  began  to 
sow,  there  are  instances  where  the  sower  set  down  his  wheat 
to  club  back  the  turkeys.  In  the  Autumn,  the  Burgh  Street 
hills  echoed  with  their  noise,  and  sometimes  seemed  almost 
covered  with  them.  The  people  did  not  pretend  to  eat  all 
they  killed.  The  breasts  were  torn  out  for  '  jerks,'  that  is, 
to  smoke  and  dry,  and  the  rest  was  thrown  away.  Those 
who  could  not  bear  to  see  the  waste  lorbade  their  young  peo- 
ple firing  upon  them.  So  late  as  1811,  six  years  after  the 
settlement,  Enoch  Graves  paid  Spencer  Wright  nine  fat 
turkeys,  caught  in  a  pen,  for  three  pounds  of  sole  leather." 

A  turkey  that  had  been  shot  came  flying  overhead  and 
fluttered  down  by  the  side  of  Mrs.  Winchel,  while  at  work 
out  of  doors.  It  was  unable  to  fly  further,  and  so  furnished 
them  a  dinner.  When  dressed,  it  weighed  twenty-two 
pounds. 

A  pedler  from  Chillicothe  stopped  at  Oren  Granger's 
tavern  one  Monday  noon,  where  he  saw  several  fine  turkeys. 
He  bargained  with  Leveret  Butler  for  one  hundred  such,  to 
be  delivered  at  Mr.  Granger's  the  next  Saturday  noon. 
Butler  went  home,  run  his  bullets,  went  out  in  the  afternoon 
and  in  two  hours  killed  twenty-nine.  A  rain  came  up  and 
wet  the  guns,  and  he  was  obliged  to  stop.  He  hung  up  the 
turkeys  alter  the  Indian  fashion,  sticking  the  head  of  one 
through  a  slit  in  the  neck  of  another,  and  balancing  them 
across  a  limb.      Next  day  it  rained.       Wednesday  he  went 


64  DEER  —  WOLVES. 

again,  with  one  Nichols,  and  camped  out  the  rest  of  the  week. 
They  carried  in  130.  The  wild  cats  spoiled  six  for  them. 
Selecting  one  hundred  of  the  best,  he  delivered  them  to  Mr. 
Granger  and  received  his  pay. 

Mrs.  Samuel  Everitt  caught  twenty-three  turkeys  at  one 
time,  trapping  them  in  a  corn  crib,  luring  them  to  the  spot 
by  sprinkling  a  few  kernels  of  corn  around. 

Deacon  David  Thomas  killed  seven  with  two  shots,  having 
a  shot  gun,  and  getting  the  turkeys  in  a  row  as  they  sat  on 
the  fence. 

Turkeys  were  very  large,  and  so  fat  that  when  shot  from 
a  tree,  the  concussion  of  the  fall  would  cause  the  fat  on  their 
backs  to  split  open  six  inches  or  more. 

Old  Mr.  Hoover  had  the  name  of  killing  the  largest  in 
the  colony.  When  dressed,  it  weighed  thirty-eight  pounds. 
Mr.  Ethan  Bancroft  shot  several  that  weighed  thirty-six 
pounds. 

"  Some  accounts  border  on  the  marvelous  as  to  the  ease  with 
which  deer  were  found  &  shot  at  the  deer  licks;  one  of  which 
was  near  the  west  side  of  the  township." 

The  exposure  to  danger  from  wild  beasts  was  not  a  slight 
one  ;  the  wolves  being  the  most  formidable  enemy,  because 
of  their  numbers.  Bears  and  "  panthers  "  there  were,  and 
they  occasioned  trouble,  but  not  with  any  frequency. 

Alfred  Avery,  then  a  mere  boy  of  eleven  years,  was  sent  one 
day  to  the  mill  at  Newark,  on  horseback,  and  returning,  did  not 
reach  home  until  after  night.  Some  animal  rushed  past 
him  in  the  darkness  and  startled  his  horse,  throwing  the  boy 
and  the  grist  to  the  ground.  By  the  aid  of  a  fallen  tree,  he 
was  able  to  readjust  his  load,  and  he  reached  home  in  safety. 
It  was  supposed  to  be  a  wolf,  which,  being  full  fed,  did  not 
molest  him  further. 

A  son  of  Theophilus  Rees  came  one  evening  into  the  vil- 
lage to  spend  a  few  hours  in  singing  with  the  young  people. 
He  was  urged  not  to  return  home  through  the  woods  by  night, 
but,  more  bravely  than  wisely,  he  set  out,  imitating  the 
howling  of  the  wolf  as  he  went.     He  had  scarcely  gone  half 


RESCUES  FROM  WOLVES.  65 

a  mile  from  the  village,  when  a  pack  of  wolves,  perhaps 
answering  to  his  own  call,  came  upon  him,  and  forced  him  into 
a  small  tree.  The  wolves  surrounded  it,  snapping,  howling, 
jumping  at  him  as  he  sat  on  a  limb,  and  even  gnawing 
at  the  tree,  which,  before  morning  light  could  disperse  them, 
would  have  yielded  to  their  persistence,  and  given  him  up 
as  their  prey.  But,  providentially,  his  cries  were  heard  at 
the  settlement.  The  village  was  aroused,  and  they  set  out 
with  torches  and  lanterns,  to  his  rescue.  As  the  lights  ap- 
proached them,  the  wolves  yielded  their  ground,  and  the 
young  man  was  saved. 

During  the  first  winter,  Captain  John  Phelps  being  vio- 
lently ill,  his  younger  brother,  Chauncey,  went  to  Worthing- 
ton,  twenty-seven  miles,  for  a  physician.  At  night  fall,  he 
waded  a  creek ;  the  wolves  came  on  his  track,  and  forced 
him  into  a  tree.  There  he  remained  until  his  clothes  froze 
stiff.  At  length,  the  wolves  seemed  to  take  his  track  back, 
and  hearing  them  plunge  into  the  creek,  he  came  down  and 
went  on  his  way. 

Two  sons  and  a  daughter  of  David  Lewis,  in  the  Rees 
settlement,  were  boiling  sugar  in  the  woods  one  night,  when  a 
pack  of  wolves  came  upon  them.  They  defended  themselves, 
for  a  time,  with  the  brands  from  the  fire.  These  were  near  giv- 
ing out,  to  their  great  peril,  before  their  parents  and  neighbors 
rallied  to  their  rescue. 

H.  Prosper  Rose  was  once  riding  to  town  from  his  home, 
by  the  ridge  road,  which  followed  the  hills  north  of  the 
present  road,  when  he  was  chased  by  a  savage  wolf  that  bit 
his  horse,  and  snapped  his  boot,  and  to  save  himself,  he 
was  obliged  to  run  his  horse  quite  into  the  village. 

In  early  times,  a  wolf  was  known  to  be  prowling  around 
the  village.  He  was  tracked  to  his  haunt  in  a  swamp  on  the 
northeast  edge  of  town,  trapped  and  killed. 

When  spring  opened,  another  fearful  enemy  was  en- 
countered in  the  multitude  of  snakes  that  infested  hill  and 
valley,  the  most  dreaded  of  which  were  copperheads  and  rat- 
9 


66         RATTLESNAKES  AND  COPPERHEADS. 

tlesnakes,  some  of  them  being  u  as  large  as  good  sized  hand- 
spikes." This  must  have  been  after  they  had  swallowed  a 
squirrel.  The  rattlesnake  was  not  generally  more  than  four 
feet  long,  though  Mr.  David  Butler  killed  one  that  was  six 
feet  long,  having  sixteen  or  eighteen  rattles.  The  copper- 
head was  not  more  than  eighteen  or  twenty  inches  long,  and 
not  very  heavy. 

Mrs.  Gilman  was  straining  her  milk  one  evening  at  the 
spring-house,  when  a  copperhead  rose  and  snapped  at  her. 
She  had  learned  to  make  the  old-fashioned,  long-handled 
fire-shovel  a  formidable  weapon  of  warfare  against  them, 
and,  hastening  into  the  house,  she  came  back  armed  and 
dispatched  it. 

During  the  summer,  she,  with  others,  was  invited  to  eat 
watermelons  at  Deacon  Hayes'.  When  getting  their  things 
preparatory  to  returning  home,  a  large  snake  was  found 
coiled  under  Mrs.  Gilman's  bonnet,  on  the  parlor  bed,  and 
raising  its  head  threateningly  as  they  approached  The  fire- 
shovel  was  again  brought  into  service,  and  the  snake  was 
killed. 

One  neighbor  making  an  early  business  call  upon  another 
saw  a  large  yellow  rattlesnake  coiled  on  a  log  of  the  cabin 
just  over  the  bed  which  was  still  occupied  by  a  member  of 
the  family.  The  neighbor  remarked  :  u  I  see  you  have  an 
early  caller  this  morning."  This  caused  the  occupant  of  the 
bed  to  turn  and  look  for  the  visitor,  which  brought  her  head 
very  near  to  the  venomous  reptile. 

"  The  first  day  that  Deacon  Hayes  began  to  clear  his  land, 
he  put  his  hand  under  a  log,  hooked  the  chain,  and  when  the 
oxen  turned  it  over,  it  crushed  three  copperheads." 

Thomas  Parker  was  plowing  for  wheat,  when  he  turned 
up  a  stone  under  which  were  gathered  a  half-bushel  of 
snakes  of  all  kinds. 

Timothy  W.  Howe  and  his  brother  younger  were  out 
berrying.  Timothy,  following  his  brother's  track,  found  a 
large  rattlesnake  coiled  in  his  path,  over  which  his  brother 
had  stepped  without  seeing  it. 


Extermination.  6? 

Leveret  Butler  several  times  had  his  clothing  bitten  by 
them  Once  a  copperhead  snapped  at  him  and  hooked  his 
fangs  in  his  linen  pants,  hanging  there  until  he  knocked  him 
off  with  the  other  foot.  At  another  time  the  toe  of  his 
moccasin  was  bitten. 

The  snakes  first  began  to  show  themselves  in  April  of  the 
first  spring.  They  wintered  in  the  hills,  where  the  ground 
had  been  bioken  by  the  falling  trees,  giving  them  access  to 
the  stones  within.  In  the  crevices  and  cavities  were  found 
great  dens  of  them.  Rattlesnakes,  blacksnakes,  copperheads 
and  striped  snakes  habited  together. 

It  was  judged  best  to  make  a  thorough  business  of  killing 
them.  The  people  all  turned  out,  formed  two  companies 
under  Captains  Elias  Gilman  and  Justin  Hillyer,  chose  sides 
for  the  day,  stimulating  competition  by  the  agreement  that 
the  beaten  party  should  furnish  three  gallons  of  whisky  for 
an  evening's  frolic,  and  proceeded  to  business.  The  young 
men  grew  venturesome,  and  would  "  seize  them  by  the  neck 
and  thrash  them  against  the  trees  before  they  had  time  to 
bite  or  coil  around  their  arms." 

On  another  occasion  it  became  known  that  the  snakes 
were  leaving  their  winter  quarters  one  Sunday  while  the 
people  were  assembled  at  church.  It  was  deemed  a  matter 
of  "necessity  and  mercy"  to  kill  them  before  they  should 
scatter  through  the  country ;  so  the  congregation  adjourned 
to  the  scene  of  the  hissing  crew  and  spent  the  day  in  deeds 
of  slaughter. 

Dr.  Little  relates  in  this  connection  that  experiments 
were  repeated  on  snakes  by  holding  them  with  a  forked 
stick  placed  over  their  necks  and  inserting  a  tobacco  quid  in 
their  mouths,  or  spitting  tobacco  juice  into  their  open  jaws. 
Whatever  venom  they  carried  of  their  own,  they  could  not 
stand  this.  They  would  convulse  and  die.  Then  he  draws 
a  contrast  between  the  venom  of  the  snake  and  that  of  the 
man,  and  rather  in  favor  of  the  former. 

Wild  hogs  were  a  very  formidable  enemy  to  encounter. 


6$  WILD   HOCxS  — BEARS. 

They  sometimes  wore  tusks  six  or  eight  inches  long.  Boys, 
and  even  men,  were  sometimes  forced  to  the  trees  to  escape 
them.  They  would  soon  tear  a  dog  to  pieces,  and  were  more 
dreaded  than  bears.  One  old  gentleman  who,  from  bronchial 
disease,  could  not  speak  above  a  whisper,  was  once  forced 
by  one  of  them  to  shout  as  loud  as  anybody.  Another, 
chased  by  an  old  one  with  a  family  of  pigs,  unfortunately 
took  refuge  in  a  tree  immediately  under  which  was  her 
haunt,  and  had  well-nigh  failed  to  make  his  call  for  help 
heard  in  time  for  a  rescue. 

Bears  were  not  numerous  after  the  colony  came.  About 
1820,  one  was  chased  and  treed  on  the  hill  north  of  town. 
The  citizens  turned  out  and  captured  it,  and  divided  the 
spoils.  Another  was  killed  at  the  Great  Circular  Hunt  in 
1823  (which  see),  and  the  last  seen  was  in  1826  (see  also,  in 
Annals  of  that  date). 

About  the  same  time,  also,  (1820-26),  the  deer  vanished 
from  the  vicinity. 

The  Sabbath-keeping  habits  of  the  colony  soon  made  an 
impression  upon  the  settlers  around  them.  At  first  they 
came  in  on  errands  of  business  or  pleasure  on  that  day,  but 
they  soon  learned  to  respect  the  wishes  of  the  colonists  con- 
cerning the  day,  and  either  came  to  join  with  them  in  their 
public  worship,  or  staid  away. 

One  man  came  on  the  Sabbath  for  the  purpose  of  buying 
a  yoke  of  oxen.  He  had  been  directed  to  Mr.  Lemuel  Rose 
as  having  a  yoke  to  sell.  Approaching  him,  he  made  known 
his  business. 

44  It  is  not  my  practice  to  trade  on  the  Sabbath,"  said  Mr. 
Rose. 

u  I  had  leisure  to-day  to  ride  over  and  get  a  yoke,"  said 
the  man,  rather  apologetically  in  regard  to  the  day. 

"  I  can  not  trade  on  Sunday,"  was  the  reply. 

44  Well,  but  you  can  tell  me  what  you  will  ask  ?"  queried 
the  stranger. 

14  No !"  said  Mr.  Rose,  44 1  can  make  no  part  of  the  trade 
to-day." 


BILL   OF  FARE.  69 

"At  least  you  can  tell  me  whether  you  have  a  yoke  to 
sell  ?"  persisted  the  would-be  buyer. 

Still  receiving  no  satisfaction  beyond  the  information  that 
business  was  not  appropriate  for  the  Sabbath,  he  rode  away. 
At  this  point  tradition  divides  as  to  the  finishing  of  the 
story.  One  says  the  man  never  came  again  ;  the  other,  that 
he  came  next  day  and  Mr.  Rose  told  him  he  had  no  oxen  to 
sell. 

As  soon  as  might  be  after  the  division  of  their  lands,  each 
settler  began  the  work  of  clearing.  The  families  would  rise 
in  the  morning  at  break  of  day.  The  men  would  freshen 
up  the  fires  in  the  cabins,  care  for  the  cattle,  and  at  once  go 
to  the  log-heaps  in  the  fields.  These  would  be  set  into  a 
fresh  blaze  as  rapidly  as  possible  by  rolling  the  burning  logs 
together  and  throwing  the  brands  between.  The  women 
would  prepare  breakfast.  Usually,  a  fresh  "johnny-cake"  was 
made.  The  corn  meal  was  stirred  up  with  water  and  a  little 
white  ashes  of  elm  wood  or  corn  cobs,  instead  of  soda,  or  a 
pseudo  pearlash  made  by  firing  a  hollow  elm  log,  the  heat 
becoming  so  great  as  to  melt  down  the  ashes  in  cakes.  The 
johnny-cake  was  then  spread  thin  upon  a  short,  shaved 
puncheon.  This  was  set  on  end  before  the  fire  until  one 
side  was  baked  brown,  then  turned  and  baked  on  the  other. 
Sometimes  the  rain  would  spoil  one  cake,  but  another  would 
be  started  at  once.  When  done,  it  was  dipped  into  cold 
water  and  immediately  rolled  up  in  a  cloth  to  steam  awhile, 
and  when  it  came  out  "  it  was  the  sweetest  bread  ever  made." 
Potatoes  were  roasted  in  the  ashes.  The  breast  of  turkeys 
was  cut  into  slices  and  broiled  on  the  end  of  a  stick,  or  lying 
on  glowing  coals.  When  there  was  no  fresh  meat  at  hand, 
there  was  plenty  of  jerked  venison  or  turkey.  The  table 
was  sometimes  spread  with  wooden  or  pewter  plates  and 
trenchers.  Some  ate  their  mush  and  milk  from  wooden 
bowls  with  wooden  spoons.  The  milk  was  set  away  in  large 
wooden  pans.  All  this  wooden- ware,  with  salt  mortars,  etc., 
came  to  be  made  at  an  early  day  within  the  settlement. 


70  ROUTINE   OF   A   DAY. 

Breakfast  over,  the  men  would  betake  themselves  to  the 
work  of  the  day,  according  to  the  season  :  chopping,  plow- 
ing, hoeing,  harvesting,  etc.;  always  keeping  the  log-heaps 
briskly  burning.  The  women  would  spin  wool  or  flax,  or 
weave  their  yarn  into  cloth  ;  or  make  the  cloth  into  cloth- 
ing. Girls  sixteen  years  of  age  would  spin  two  and  a  half 
runs  of  yarn,  linen  or  woolen,  for  a  day's  work,  besides  help- 
ing about  table  work  three  times  a  day.  It  was  considered 
quite  an  accomplishment  to  spin  tow  so  fine  that  a  skein  of 
it  could  be  drawn  through  a  finger  ring.  Often,  the  women 
or  boys  would  go  to  mill,  three,  six,  or  ten  miles,  with  a 
bushel  or  two  of  grain,  on  horseback,  rather  than  take  the 
men  from  their  labor.  Mr.  Moutonye,  an  ingenious  black- 
smith, very  useful  to  the  settlers  all  around  by  mending 
broken  tools  in  an  artistic  way,  owned  a  mill  seat  on  Ramp 
Creek,  and  constructed  a  little  mill  with  stones  of  his  own 
shaping,  where  a  little  grinding  was  done  ;  but  the  main  de- 
pendence was  a  mill  at  Newark. 

For  the  noonday  meal,  breakfast  was  repeated,  and  all  re- 
turned to  the  same  employments  for  the  afternoon. 

In  the  evening,  with  torches  in  hand  to  keep  the  wolves 
away,  they  would  often  gather  at  a  neighbor's  and  eat  a  sup- 
per of  roast  turkey.  Returning  home  after  a  social  evening, 
they  would  give  the  final  touches  to  the  log-heaps,  and  retire 
to  rest. 

When  baking  was  on  hand,  they  generally  used  a  "  Dutch 
oven"  —  a  great  iron,  flat-bottomed  kettle,  with  an  iron 
lid,  to  be  set  over  a  bed  of  coals  and  be  covered  with  a 
layer  of  glowing  embers.  One  of  these  would  sometimes 
serve  a  whole  neighborhood,  going  in  turn  from  one  family 
to  another.  Some  made  clay  ovens,  large  enough  to  bake  at 
once  eight  or  ten  loaves  of  bread.  They  sometimes  made 
great  loaves  of  corn  bread  that  would  weigh  fifteen  pounds. 

Turkeys,  deer,  wild  hogs,  and  opossums  furnished  a  variety 
of  meat  and  an  abundance  of  it.  In  the  fall,  when  corn  was 
getting  too  old  for  roasting-ears,  they  would  joint  it  on  a  bench 


EVENING   ENTERTAINMENTS.  71 

plane,  or  an  instrument  made  on  purpose  for  the  work,  and 
make  hominy  of  it.  Another  process  was  to  pound  it  in  a 
mortar.  A  hollow,  large  enough  to  hold  a  gallon  or  two, 
would  be  burned  out  of  the  top  of  some  convenient  stump  ; 
a  sapling  bent  over  and  a  large  pestle  fixed  to  it  so  as  to 
play  over  the  stump  ;  then,  with  a  rope  and  stirrup  for  the 
foot  to  work  with,  the  pestle  was  made  to  beat  the  corn  in 
the  hollow  until  fine  enough  to  cook. 

For  brooms,  they  would  cut  a  hickory  or  buckeye  stick 
and  peel  fine  splints  down  toward  the  end,  turning  them 
over  the  end  and  tying  them  in  a  mat,  then  shave  the  other 
end  to  a  convenient  size  for  a  handle. 

Blackberries  and  milk  were  a  luxury. 

Bread  crusts,  rye,  and  even  sycamore  [hickory?]  bark 
were  used  for  coffee.  Wild  grapes  and  cherries  were  dried 
and  served  for  raisins  in  fruit-cake,  and  bread  and  pumpkins 
were  used  for  pies.  Hot  doughnuts,  cheese,  homemade  beer, 
nuts,  popcorn,  maple  sugar,  and  even  fresh  turnips,  were 
passed  to  company  of  an  evening  instead  of  apples. 

Singing  was  ever  a  part  of  their  social  entertainments. 

Corn  huskings  made  many  happy  occasions  for  evening 
mirth. 

Families  went  pleasuring  on  a  sled  drawn  by  oxen,  and 
children  of  emigrants  were  seen  coming  into  the  country, 
one  on  each  side  of  a  horse,  slung  in  a  bed-tick  across  his 
back,  their  curious  countenances  peering  out  of  the  opening, 
taking  note  of  things  as  they  passed,  and  the  people  as  cur- 
iously taking  note  of  the  travelers. 

In  those  days  there  were  no  common  people.  All  be- 
longed to  the  aristocracy. 

During  the  earliest  years  of  the  colony  there  were  friendly 
Indians  roaming  around  them  who  were  of  great  assistance 
to  them.  They  would  bring  in  cranberries  for  sale.  The 
stock  would  occasionally  wander  away,  and  the  Indians  could 
always  find  them  and  bring  them  in.  Some  of  the  young 
settlers  became  very  intimate  with  them,  and  would  go  a 


72  FRIENDLY   INDIANS. 

great  distance  from  home  in  their  company,  learning  their 
haunts  and  habits  of  hunting.  The  Indian  boys  were  very 
expert  with  the  bow  and  arrows,  shooting  coppers  at  a  dis- 
tance of  twenty-five  feet.  With  a  quiver  full  of  arrows  one 
would  stand  and  shoot  them  all,  one  after  another,  at  objects 
in  the  trees  or  air,  noting  carefully  where  each  fell ;  then 
taking  a  round,  would  gather  them  each  in  its  turn,  never 
missing  one.  The  Indians  would  bring  in  venison  to  ex- 
change for  any  little  commodity  the  settlers  could  spare,  a 
little  parched  corn,  a  mug  of  cider,  a  squash,  or  a  trinket. 

Sometimes  a  pet  bear  was  seen.  Jimmy  Johnson  generally 
had  one  chained  to  his  cabin ;  catching  a  cub  and  keeping 
him  until  he  would  weigh  two  hundred  pounds,  when  he  was 
ready  to  be  slaughtered.  One  of  these  pets  showed  a  fond- 
ness for  wrestling  with  little  boys,  but  he  had  so  much  de- 
pravity that  he  must  always  throw  the  boy,  or  he  would  get 
mad. 

The  trees  that  yielded  their  treasures  for  the  use  of  the 
settlers  and  that  were  made  to  feel  the  thick  strokes  of  their 
axes,  were  white  oak,  chestnut,  walnut,  butternut,  beech, 
sugar,  soft  maple,  ash,  poplar,  bass  wood,  cherry,  elm,  syca- 
more, dogwood,  hackberry.  Wild  grape  vines  ran  luxuriantly 
among  the  tree  tops.     Pawpaw  bushes  were  plentiful. 

As  rapidly  as  any  ground  could  be  cleared  and  spared  for 
the  purpose,  fruit  trees  were  obtained  from  the  nursery  at 
Bowling  Green,  or  that  of  Cunningham.  Some  of  the  immi- 
grants brought  apple  seeds  with  them  and  soon  started  nurs- 
eries of  their  own.  The  first  oichards  bore  only  natural 
fruit. 

The  second  birth  in  the  township  was  that  of  John  Lewis. 

The  first  birth  in  the  town  was  that  of  Maritta,  a  daughter 
of  Timothy  Spelman,  now  Mrs.  Langdon  Atwood.  The 
second  was  a  daughter  of  Hugh  Kelley,  now  Mrs.  Sutton. 

The  first  male  child  born  in  the  Granville  Company  is  said 
to  have  been  William,  son  of  Levi  and  Polly  Rose,  now 
Deacon  Wm.  Rose  of  the  Baptist  Church,  October  23,  1806. 


ANNALS,    1806.  73 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

By  this  time  there  were  thought  to  be  five  hundred  voters 
within  ten  miles  of  the  incipient  village.  The  importance 
of  their  position — a  lone  church  in  the  midst  of  a  large  des- 
titution— burdened  the  hearts  of  the  leading  men  of  this  en- 
terprise. They  longed  for  the  presence  of  a  pastor  with  the 
church.  It  was  more  than  two  years,  however,  before  they 
obtained  one.  Meantime  they  had  occasional  sermons  from 
ministers  who  came,  some  of  them  quite  a  distance,  to  preach 
to  them.  Rev.  S.  P.  Robbins  of  Marietta  preached  for  them 
several  days  and  administered  the  Lord's  Supper,  the  first 
time  they  had  enjoyed  that  privilege  since  leaving  Massa- 
chusetts, and  the  only  one  during  the  year.  Rev.  (Since  Dr.) 
Moses  Hoge  of  Columbus  also  visited  them.  Rev.  Cyrus 
Riggs  who  met  them  on  their  arrival  and  preached  to  them 
the  first  sermon  in  their  new  home,  visited  them  again  a  few 
months  later.  Messrs.  Eaton,  Bracken,  McDaniel,  Woods, 
Noble,  Scott,  George,  and  Jones,  successively  visited  and 
preached  to  them,  all  probably  within  the  year. 

A  military  company  was  formed  almost  immediately  as 
the  following  paper  shows  : 

"Capt  Guilman  Sir  you  will  pies  To  hould  your  Self  and 
Company  In  rediness  on  the  Last  fryday  in  may  1806  At  Nie- 
wark  as  the  Batalion  muster  will  Bee  there 

(Signed)  John  Stadden 

mag  of  The  3  Bat" 

A  third  saw  mill  was  erected  by  Augustine  Munson  dur- 
ing this  year  on  Raccoon  Creek  about  two  and  a  half  miles 
east  of  town,  having  a  capacity  of  4000  feet  per  day. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  company  held  Friday,  March  7th,  it 
was  decided  to  call  the  town  Granville. 

Several  new  members  were  received  during  the  year : 
Win.  Reynolds  in  one  of  Zadoc  Cooley's  rights  ;  Thos.  S.  Sill 
in  one  of  Levi  Hayes'  rights ;  Helon  Rose  in  place  of  Levi 
10 


74  INCORPORATION. 

Cooley ;  Joshua  Linnel  in  place  of  Asa  Seymour,  and  James 
Thrall  in  place  of   Wm.  Cooley,  Jr. 

The  Fourth  of  July  was  celebrated  by  a  patriotic  gather- 
ering  on  the  village  square,  an  oration  being  delivered  by 
Jeremiah  R.  Munson,  Esq.,  standing  on  the  aboriginal 
mound,  near  the  center  of  the  square.  Young  America 
found  exercise  in  splitting  stumps  with  powder. 

Monday,  May  5,  1806,  the  following  action  was  taken  : 

"Voted   to   chuse  a  Committee   to   petition   the   Honorable 
Commissioners   of  the  County  of  Fairfield   to  incorporate  this 
Settlement  into  an  Election  District  or  Township." 
"Timothy  Spelman    ^j 

"Wm.  Gavit  >      Chosen  for  Sd  Committee  " 

"Justin  Hillyer  j 

October  20th,  the  subject  was  brought  up  again. 

"Voted  to  take  measures  to  be  incorporated  into  a  body 
politick  &  Voted  to  chuse  a  Committee  to  adopt  Some  plan  for 
the  purpose  " 

"Timothy  Spelman 

"John  Duke  Appointed  Sd  Committee" 

"  Hiram  Rose 

"Voted  that  Lemuel  Rose  Make  Application  to  the  Next 
Court  for  a  Town  Meeting  to  Elect  Justice  &  Other  Officers  if 
they  think  best " 

Thursday,  November  27th,  Timothy  Rose  was  appointed  to 
"  forward  a  petition  for  the  Corporation  of  the  town  of  Gran- 
ville to  Mr.  Beecher,"  probably  Hon.  Philemon  Beecher,  the 
Representative  from  this  district. 

"Dec.  8th  Voted  that  Jeremiah  R.  Munson  forward  the  peti- 
tion to  the  General  Assembly" 

"Dec.  12th,  Voted  that  Lemuel  Rose  Request  the  court  to 
Appoint  A  Meeting  to  chuse  two  Justices  of  the  peace  in  this 
Township  " 

An  order  from  the  County  Court  was  finally  obtained,  or- 
ganizing the  township  and  directing  the  electors  to  meet,  the 
first  day  of  January,  1807,  and  choose  officers. 

Another  effort  was  also  successful.  While  yet  in  Massa- 
chusetts, they  had  appointed  Job  Case,  Timothy  Rose  and 
Slyvanus  Mitchel  a  committee  "  to  receive  subscriptions  for 


LIBRARY  —  DEATHS.  1& 

the  encouragement  of  a  library  and  to  draw  up  and  form  a 
constitution  for  the  said  Library  Co." 

On  the  17th  and  24th  of  November,  officers  were  appointed 
for  this  association,  Elias  Gilman,  Timothy  Rose  and  Tim- 
othy Spelman  being  Directors ;  Samuel  Thrall,  Treasurer, 
and  Hiram  Rose,  Librarian. 

Through  the  efforts  of  Jeremiah  R.  Munson,  Esq.,  a  char- 
ter was  obtained  for  this  society  early  in  1807.  It  was 
couched  in  such  terms  that  the  Society  afterward  established 
a  bank  under  its  provisions. 

Sometime  in  the  fall  of  1807,  the  books  were  purchased  in 
the  east  and  brought  out  by  Samuel  Everitt,  Jr.,  and  being 
of  a  high  order  they  were  a  source  of  improvement  to  their 
many  readers  for  succeeding  years. 

Several  deaths  occurred  in  the  settlement  during  the  year. 
The  first  was  an  infant  son  of  Ethan  Bancroft,  who  died 
April  6th,  and  for  his  grave  the  first  ground  was  broken  in 
the  new  burial  lot.  Two  other  children  died  :  Eliza  Messen- 
ger, daughter  of  Grove  Messenger,  August  10th,  aged  four- 
teen months,  and  George  Gavit,  son  of  William  Gavit,  Octo- 
ber 4th,  aged  four  years. 

The  autumn  proved  to  be  a  sickly  one,  and  two  adults 
died :  Gideon  Cornell,  August  22nd,  aged  forty-five,  and 
George  Avery,  September  29th,  aged  forty-seven,  both  hav- 
ing been  members  of  the  Licking  Company,  and  Mr.  Cor- 
nell being  one  of  the  five  men  sent  out  to  plant  corn  and 
make  other  preparations  for  the  colonists. 

During  the  year,  Mr.  Thomas  Philipps  and  his  son,  John 
H.,  returned.  The  father  established  himself  in  his  new 
home,  where  he  remained  until  his  death,  in  1813.  The  son 
taught  school  and  was  otherwise  employed  until  about  the 
time  of  his  father's  death,  when  he  removed  to  Cincinnati, 
where  he  resided  until  his  death,  in  1832. 

Of  Urias  Philipps,  a  scion  of  this  family,  it  is  narrated 
that  he  used  to  go  barefoot  to  school  through  the  snows  of 
winter.     He  would  take  a  heated  board  under  his  arm  and 


76  PURSUIT  OF   KNOWLEDGE. 

run  until  his  feet  were  cold,  and  then  stand  on  the  board 
until  they  were  warm  again,  and  then  renew  his  pursuit  of 
knowledge.  When  the  board  was  cold,  he  was  welcomed  at 
any  neighbor's  on  his  route  to  re-heat  it.  This  sufficiently  in- 
dicates not  only  the  difficulties  to  be  contended  with  in  early 
times,  but  also  the  love  of  education  which  was  cherished 
in  the  Philipps  family. 

There  were  now  two  strong  nuclei  on  the  Hills ;  the  one 
the  Rees  settlement,  in  the  angle  of  the  northeast  section  of 
the  township,  nearest  the  Granville  center;  the  other  the 
Philipps  settlement,  just  north.  Each  patriarch  gathered 
around  him  his  married  sons  and  daughters,  with  their  grow- 
ing families,  making  an  inviting  opening  for  others  of  their 
nationality,  who  were  not  slow  to  accept  the  advantages 
offered  and  to  enter  in  and  subdue  the  land. 


ANNALS,  1807.  77 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

In  the  following  year,  John  Spragg  was  received  to  mem- 
bership in  the  Licking  Company,  in  place  of  Benjamin  Reed, 
Samuel  Clark  in  place  of  S.  B.  Dean,  Grove  Messenger  in 
place  of  George  Cooley,  and  Samuel  Bancroft  in  place  of 
Benjamin  Waters. 

The  Book  of  Records  for  the  Township  of  Granville, 
County  of  Fairfield,  and  State  of  Ohio,  opens  with  the  fol- 
lowing entry  : 

"this  township  was  incorporated  in  the  Autumn  of  the  year 
of  our  Lord  1806  and  on  the  first  day  of  January  in  the  year 
1807  in  obedience  to  an  order  from  the  Honorable  judges  of  the 
County  Court  the  free  Electors  of  s'd  township  assembled  at 
the  school  hous  to  Elect  three  Magistrates  when  it  apeared  from 
the  Pole  Books  that  Timothy  Spelman  Elias  Gilman  and  John 
Duke  were  Electted  by  a  Clear  Majority  " 

The  bounds  of  this  township  ran  far  to  the  west  and  north 
of  its  present  limits. 

"at  an  Election  Legally  warned  and  held  at  the  School  hous 
in  Granville  on  the  6th  day  of  April  in  the  year  AD  1807  for 
the  purpos  of  chosing  townships  ofnsers  the  Number  required 
in  Law  having  asembled  the  hous  proceded  to  chose  a  Chair- 
man and  too  judges  of  the  Election 

11  Silas  Winchel  chosen  chairman 

"  Isriel  Wells        I    .    .  t  ^    „,  ... 

"John  Edwards  )   Jud^es  of  the  Electlon 

"EfenahSnnci  }   clerks  of  the  Election 

"  these  being  quallified  acording  to  Law  the  hous  proseded 
to  Ballot  for  one  township  Clerk  three  trustees  two  overseers  of 
the  poor  two  fenceviewers  two  apreisers  of  houses  one  of  wich 
to  serve  as  a  Listor  four  supervisors  of  highways  two  constables 
and  one  township  treasurer" 

"at  the  hour  of  five  o  clock  the  same  day  the  Election  being 
Duly  Closed  it  apeared  from  the  pole  Book  that  the  following 
gentlemen  were  Elected  to  the  Respective  ofteces  of  the  town- 
ship that  are  set  to  their  names  by  a  clear  majority 


>    Constables 


78  FIRST  TOWNSHIP  OFFICERS. 

Wm  Gavit     Clerk 
Israel  Wells      1 
Jesse  Havens    >   Trustees 
Silas  Winchel  J 

i?,  .       S  ^      ,     >    Overseers  of  the  poor 
Phineas  vora    j  r 

James  Johnson         \    ~ 

t     u       r>  •         }    hence  viewers 

Joshua  Browning    j 

John  Edwards    )  House  appraisors,  John   Edwards  being 

Hiram  Rose        J  Listor 

John  Edwards 

Augustin  Munson         c  .  , ... .  . 

Ethan  Bancroft  Supervisors  ol  highways 

Jacob  Goodrich 
Elkanah  Linnel 
George  Stone 
Levi  Hayes     Treasurer 

"on  Monday  April  the  13th  two  of  the  gentlemen  trustees 
Mess  Isriel  Wells  and  Silas  Winchell  met  at  the  inn  hous  of 
Deac  Timmothy  Rose  and  took  a  surity  of  Joseph  Linnel  of 
four  hundred  dollars  Conditioned  on  Elkanah  Linnel  faithfully 
proformance  in  the  offis  of  a  Constable  in  the  following  word 
and  forme  viz  " 

Then  follows  a  record  of  the  note  duly  signed  and  attested. 
At  their  next  meeting  the  Trustees  divided  the  township 
into  five  highway  districts.  Further  security  notes  are  re- 
corded. A  book  for  the  township  records  was  bought  at  a 
cost  of  two  dollars,  three-fourths  to  be  paid  for  by  the  town- 
ship and  one  fourth  by  the  clerk  with  the  privilege  of  using 
the  back  part  of  the  book  ufor  Recording  of  Earmarks 
Brands  Castways  &c." 

The  business  of  the  year  was  duly  closed,  no  officer  mak- 
ing any  charge  against  the  township  for  his  services  except 
Lemuel  Rose,  whose  service  was  probably  of  a  nature  requir- 
ing an  outlay  of  money.  His  bill  of  $2.00  for  making  a  re- 
turn of  the  magistrate  election  was  allowed  and  an  order  on 
the  treasurer  given  him. 

On  Thursday,  the  28th  of  May,  the  first  wedding  in  the 
colony  was  celebrated.     Samuel  Bancroft  and  Clarissa  Rose, 


PONDS.  79 

daughter  of  Deacon  Timothy  Rose,  were  married  by  Rev.  S. 
P.  Robbins  of  Marietta.  On  the  24th  of  May,  the  first  baptism 
occurred ;  that  of  Francis,  infant  son  of  Jeremiah  R.  and 
Jerusha  Munson,  and  the  same  day  Mrs.  Jerusha  Munson 
was  received  to  church  membership,  the  first  addition  after 
reaching  their  new  homes. 

The  public  roads  were  a  constant  care  to  the  company, 
first  to  lay  them  out  on  eligible  and  satisfactory  lines,  and 
next,  to  open  and  work  them.  Much  time,  labor  and  money 
were  spent  for  this  object. 

In  January,  1807,  a  committee  was  appointed,  being  Jus- 
tin Hillyer,  Lemuel  Rose,  and  Joseph  Linnel,  u  to  Raise 
Money  to  build  a  Bridge  over  the  Crick,"  and  to  "  take  Meas- 
ures to  fill  up  the  pond  hole  on  the  publick  Square."  The 
bridge  was  probably  one  on  the  Lancaster  road.  The  bridge 
succeeded  but  the  pond  remained  to  trouble  the  next  gener- 
ation. There  seem  to  be  spots  of  quicksand  underlying 
parts  of  the  town,  and  if  water  accumulates  on  the  surface 
until  it  finds  free  passage  below,  the  sands  wash  out  and  the 
surface  sinks.  The  sink  on  the  public  square,  being  twelve 
or  fifteen  rods  across,  was  one  of  the  most  conspicuous. 
When  the  foundation  of  the  Town  Hall  was  laid,  a  portion 
of  it  at  the  northwest  corner  sank  down  into  a  cavity  several 
feet  deep.  There  was  another  depression  just  west  of  the 
Congregational  Church,  only  three  or  four  rods  across,  but  it 
has  afforded  jolly  skating  for  little  boys.  Another  very  large 
one  was  at  the  intersection  of  Bowery  and  Green  streets  and 
on  the  lots  lying  southwest.  It  was  deep  enough  sometimes 
to  swim  a  horse.  A  fourth  lay  at  the  intersection  of  Broad 
and  Case  streets,  and  on  the  lot  to  the  southeast.  It  was  six 
rods  across.  Such  a  sink  began  in  after  years  on  the  lot 
southwest  of  the  intersection  of  Broad  and  Mulberry  streets. 
The  surface  sank  quite  preceptably,  and  water  sometimes 
stood  there.  Another  similar  one  is  seen  in  the  Granger  ad- 
dition east  of  Morning  street  and  north  of  what  would  be 
an  extension  of  Bowery.     There  was  a  swampy  spot  near  the 


80  FLOODWOOD. 

northeast  corner  of  Broad  and  Rose  and  on  the  adjoining  lot, 
and  a  similar  one  on  the  lot  south  of  Broad  and  about  mid- 
way between  Main  and  Liberty. 

Soon  after  the  "  Lancaster  bridge,"  the  "  Columbus  bridge" 
was  built  by  Frederick  Case,  Simeon  Allyn,  and  Benjamin 
Baldwin. 

There  were  several  places  in  the  creek  where  the  banks 
and  depth  of  water  allowed  of  crossing.  The  most  available 
of  these  was  Butler's. Ford,  a  few  rods  below  the  old  Colum- 
bus bridge.  When  the  water  was  too  high  to  cross  here,  and 
before  the  bridges  were  put  up,  the  only  crossing  available 
for  footmen  was  "  the  old  floodwood,"  a  remarkable  accumu- 
lation of  logs,  a  little  above  the  Lancaster  road,  extending 
across  the  channel  and  much  of  the  bottom.  It  checked  the 
flow  of  the  creek,  and  threatened  to  wash  another  channel 
near  the  hill  just  below  town.  When  the  furnace  was  started 
the  wood  was  cut  into  cord  wood  for  its  use,  and  the  ground 
which  had  been  flooded,  dried  out.  It  had  required  a  great 
deal  ot  logging  to  make  a  solid  road-bed  through  this 
swamp. 

When  Jesse  Munson,  Jr.,  raised  his  barn  on  the  Worthing- 
ton  road,  just  west  of  the  creek,  he  kept  his  horse  swimming 
the  creek  all  day,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  men  who 
attended  the  raising. 

March  9th,  Timothy  Spelman,  Esq.,  Elias  Gilman,  Esq., 
Samuel  Thrall,  Lemuel  Rose,  Justin  Hillyer,  Jer.  R.  Mun- 
son, Esq.,  and  Hon.  Samuel  Bancroft  were  appointed  a 
committee  "  to  pitch  a  Stake  Where  to  Set  a  Schoolhouse 
and  Lot  out  Materials  to  build  the  same."  But  the  log 
house  continued  to  be  used  for  school  and  other  purposes  for 
three  years  more. 

The  School  Lot,  Minister  Lot,  settlement  of  individual 
accounts  with  the  company,  and  caring  for  the  relations  of 
the  company  to  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State,  for  which 
last  business  Jeremiah  R.  Munson,  Esq.,  seems  to  have  been 
their  reliance,  filled  the   remaining  meetings  of  the  year. 


A   THIRD   DAM.  81 

The  last  entry  in  their  journal  was  made  December  7,  1807, 
at  which  time  they  met  and  without  doing  any  business  ad- 
journed to  the  first  Monday  of  February,  1808.  If  they  met 
again  no  record  appears  of  it  or  of  their  doings.  Probably  the 
business  gradually  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  civil  author- 
ities   and  thus   The  Licking  Company  passed  into  history. 

In  the  spring  the  van  of  the  settlements  was  progressing 
rapidly  northward  &  westward.  An  old  gentleman  brought  his 
family  from  Connecticut  &  found  rest  for  a  time  in  one  of  the 
cabins  at  the  mouth  of  Clear  Run.  After  prospecting  for  a 
time  his  fancy  fixed  upon  a  section  of  land,  (4000  acres)  in  Del- 
aware Co.  that  would  soon  be  sold  at  auction  in  Franklinton. 
He  appeared  at  the  sale  but  had  to  compete  with  land  sharks. 
He  made  himself  conspicuous  as  he  could  by  his  odd  appear- 
ance &  manner;  dressing  shabbily  &  carrying  a  pair  of  old  sad- 
dlebags containing  his  "traps."  He  would  bid  against  the 
sharks  &  sometimes  against  himself  as  if  he  did  not  understand 
the  ways  of  the  world,  until  he  provoked  them  to  play  a  joke 
on  him  in  order  to  get  rid  of  him.  Thinking  he  had  no  money 
they  stopped  bidding  against  him.  They  thought  he  would 
fail  to  pay  for  it  &  his  bids  would  then  be  disregarded.  The 
tract  was  cried  off  to  him  at  $1720,  They  gathered  around 
him  &  demanded  that  he  should  pay  up  or  be  gone.  Out  of 
the  depths  of  the  mysterious  saddlebags  forthwith  came  the 
gold,  &  the  deed  was  demanded.  Then  they  offered  him  $500, 
if  he  would  throw  up  his  bid  &  let  it  be  put  up  again.  But  he 
paid  the  price,  took  his  deed,  went  to  his  land,  built  his  home, 
&  his  descendants  occupy  it  to  this  day. 

During  the  year,  Maj.  Grove  Case,  Deacon  Nathan  Allyn, 
and  Mr.  Noble  Root  became  citizens  of  the  place. 

After  the  failure  of  the  second  dam  at  the  mouth  of  Clear 
Run,  the  citizens  turned  out  for  the  public  good  and  helped 
James  Thrall,  into  whose  posession  the  mill  seat  had  come, 
to  put  in  a  third  dam,  made  of  logs  and  covered  heavily  with 
gravel,  which  succeeded  better  than  the  others. 

Mr.  Samuel  Everitt,  Jr.,  having  been  detained  a  long  time 
by  sickness  which  resulted  from  overwork,  returned  to  Mass- 
achusetts for  his  family.  In  the  fall  he  came  out  again  bring- 
ing his  family  and  father  and  mother.  He  also  brought  the 
11 


82 


THE   FIRST   FRAME   HOUSE. 


town  library  and  a  mill  saw  blade.  With  him  came  Mr. 
Araunah  Clark  and  family.  They  were  met  at  Cambridge 
on  their  way  out  by  Augustine  Munson  and  Justin  Hillyer, 
who  went  thus  far  to  welcome  them  and  help  them  forward. 
This  company  of  twenty  persons  was  accommodated  in  one 
cabin  for  six  weeks.  Mr.  Clark,  an  original  member  of  the 
Licking  Company,  had  drawn  his  shares  by  attorney.  He 
soon  went  to  his  farm  at  the  foot  of  the  hill  south  of  town 
where  he  lived  until  1815. 

It  is  understood  that  Mr.  Thrall's  mill  being  ready  for  the 
new  saw  blade,  it  was  soon  at  work,  and  the  first  lumber 
sawed  with  it  was  given  to  Mr.  Hveritt  for  bringing  it  out. 
With  it  he  erected  the  first  frame  house  built  in  the  town- 
ship. It  stood  about  two  miles  west  of  town,  facing  the  end 
to  the  south,  about  twenty  rods  north  of  Lower  Loudon  street, 
on  the  farm  since  owned  by  his  son  Harlow,  and  more  recently 
by  his  grandson,  Samuel.  It  was  properly  a  plank  house, 
the  planks  standing  upright,  being  dovetailed  into  the  sills 
and  plates  where  they  were  fastened  with  heavy  wrought 
iron  spikes.  The  cracks  were  battened  after  the  modern 
railroad  style.  It  was  afterward  leather  boarded,  the  boards 
being  much  wider  than  those  generally  used  It  contained 
one  large  room  and  two  small  ones,  and  at  the  east  window 
Mr.  Everitt  planted  a  rose  bush  he  had  brought  with  him 
from  Massachusetts. 


FIRST    FRAME    HOUSE    IN    THE   TOWNSHIP. 


During  the  year  there  were  three  deaths,  March  19th,  Silas 
Milton,  son  of  Silas  Winchel,  aged  7  years ;  March  22d,  Mrs. 
Hannah  Spelman,  wife  of  Timothy  Spelman,  Esq.,  aged  45 ; 
October  25th,  Harriet,  daughter  of  Asahel  Griffin,  aged  1  year. 


ANNALS,    1808.  83 


CHAPTER  XV. 

It  may  be  of  interest  to  preserve  the  names  of  officers  an- 
other year  of  those  early  times.  The  township  officers  for 
1808  were  as  follows  : 

"Timothy  Rose,  Chairman  of  Election  Meeting. 

'•JustinDHUr;efSq'      }      Judges  of  Election 

"Samuel  Bancroft        1       /~i     1        c  t-i     .• 
<<c  ,  ,ir  ,  >      Clerks  of  Election 

"Samuel  Waters  j 

"  Samuel  Waters  Township  Clerk. 

"Israel  Wells  ^ 

"Silas  Winchel       >     Trustees  of  R.  Wells. 

"Richard  Wells      j      Job  Case  afterward  appointed  in  place 

"Edward  Nash        )       ^  -y. 

,.t^      j  -ru  r      Fence  Viewers. 

"David  Thomas       J 

"Jeremiah  R.  Munson      1       House  Appraisers. 

"Samuel  Bancroft  j      J.  R.  Munson  being  Listor 

"John  Edwards 

"David  Messenger 

"John  Reese 

"Washington  Evans       \      Supervisors  of  Highway. 

"John  Herren 

"Carlton  Belt 

"John  Duke 

"  Elkanah  Linnel     )       ~       .  -, 

"Thomas  Stone       }      Constables- 

"Levi  Hays  Treasurer." 

During  the  year  the  following  jurors  were  nominated  : 

"Grand  Jurors  Pettit  jurors 

"Levi  Hays  Wm.  Stedman 

"Joseph  Linnel  Elkanah  Linnel 

1 '  Roswell  Graves  Ethan  Bancroft 

"  Phineas  Ford  Noble  Root 

"Samuel  Waters  James  Thrall 

"Josiah  Graves  Carlton  Belt 


84  FIRST   COUNTY   COURT. 

"Job  Case  Frederic  Case 

"  David  Thomas  Levi  Rose 

"Edward  Nash  Sylvenus  Mitchel 

"John  W.  Philipps  Enoch  Graves 

"John  Herrin  Hiram  Rose 

"George  Green  Job  W.  Case 

"David  Messenger  Simeon  Allyn 

Jacob  Goodrich 
Worthy  Pratt" 

A  band  of  instrumental  music  was  formed  at  this  early 
day,  having  eleven  members.  It  was  led  by  Augustine 
Munson,  who  played  the  clarionet ;  Spencer  Spelman  also 
played  the  clarionet ;  Joshua  Linnel,  David  Messenger,  and 
Orlin  P.  Hayes,  hautboy ;  Samuel  Bancroft,  Elkanah  Lin- 
nel,  bassoons ;  Benoni  Hill,  cymbals  ;  Stillman  Mead,  drum- 
mer. It  was  a  prominent  band  for  the  wilderness,  was  well 
drilled,  and  attained  notoriety  as  the  regimental  band  under 
Col.  Lewis  Cass,  at  Hull's  surrender. 

During  the  year  the  County  of  Licking  was  organized  out 
of  Fairfield,  having  its  present  boundaries ;  Knox,  lying  on 
the  north,  being  formed  at  the  same  time,  and  also  out  of 
Fairfield.  The  officers  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  were 
as  follows : 

Wm.  Wilson,  Presiding  Judge, 

Alexander  Holmes,    ^) 

Timothy  Rose,  V   Associate  Judges, 

James  Taylor,  J 

Samuel  Bancroft,  Clerk  of  Court, 

John  Stadden,  Sheriff, 

Elias  Gilman,  Treasurer, 

Archibald  Wilson,   ^ 

Elisha  Wells,  V   Commissioners, 

Israel  Wells,  J 

John  Stadden,  Tax  Collector, 

Elias  Gilman,  Commissioner's  Clerk. 

Granville,  therefore,  furnished  its  full  share  of  incumbents 
for  the  offices.  The  first  court  was  held  in  Granville  Town- 
ship, in  the  private  dwelling  of  Deacon  Levi  Hayes,  whose 


PRICES. 


85 


farm  lay  just  west  of  the  dividing  line  between  the  Town- 
ships of  Granville  and  Newark,  as  then  constituted.  The 
Grand  Jury  held  its  sessions  under  a  tree  on  the  south  side 
of  the  road  and  a  few  rods  west  of  the  house.  The  County 
seat  was  soon  located  at  Newark  by  a  special  Board  of  Com- 
missioners, consisting  of  James  Dunlap,  Isaac  Cook  and 
James  Armstrong. 

About  this  time,  Mr.  Timothy  Spelman,  being  a  carpenter, 
put  up  a  small  frame  house  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Broad 
and  Green  Streets.  It  was  only  one  room,  16x20,  a  story 
and  a  half  high,  made  with  great  labor,  covered  with  shaved 
weatherboards  of  walnut.  This  was  the  first  frame  house 
built  in  the  village. 


T.  spelman's  house,  1808. 


The  day's  labor  of  a  man  could  be  had  for  50  c,  and  in 
harvest  for  75  c. ;  that  of  a  yoke  of  oxen  for  33  c. ;  a  horse 
to  Lancaster,  $  1.20  ;  to  Zanesville,  $  1.30  ;  board  at  the  hotel, 
$  1. 00  a  week,  or  for  a  fraction  of  a  week  at  the  rate  of  $  1.50 ; 
two  quarters  of  venison,  25c;  whisky,  $1.00  a  gallon; 
powder,  68c.  per  pound;  beeswax,  25c.  per  pound;  butter, 
10  c.  per  pound  ;  wheat,  $  1 .00  per  bushel ;  corn,  33  c. ;  apples, 
$  3.00 ;  paper  —  foolscap  —  50  c.  a  quire. 

During  this  year  were  erected  two  frame  houses  of  con- 
siderable note  :  that  of  Judge  Rose,  on  the  southwest  corner 


86 


HOTEL  —  MASONIC   LODGE. 


of  Broad  and  Pearl  Streets,  and  that  of  Esquire  Gilman,  on 
the  northwest  corner  of  Water  and  Rose  Streets.  Judge 
Rose's  house  was  two  stories  high,  and  about  20  x  28  feet  on 
the  ground.  It  was  used  by  him  as  a  hotel  while  he  lived  in 
town,  and  afterward  by  Benjamin  Cook.  On  the  afternoon 
of  the  day  on  which  this  frame  was  raised,  that  of  Esquire 
Gilman  was  also  raised.  It  was  a  story  and  a  half  house, 
28  x  36  feet,  with  posts  eleven  feet  high.  In  the  east 
chamber  of  this  building  was  the  first  room  used  by  the  Free- 
masons of  Granville.  It  was  14^  x  9  feet  10  inches.  The 
ceiling  was  arched  into  the  attic,  being  eighteen  inches 
higher  in  the  middle  than  at  the  sides,  which  were  six  and  a 


JUDGE  rose's  house,  1809. 

half  feet.  Fire  place  and  entrance  were  in  the  west  end, 
and  the  one  window  of  twelve  lights  (8xio)  in  the  east 
end.  It  was  wainscoted  to  the  height  of  nearly  three  feet, 
and  floors  and  wainscoting  were  of  walnut  boards,  split  out 
of  logs  and  hewed  and  planed  smooth.  This  was  the  first 
room  in  town  to  be  plastered. 

On  Sunday,  September  4th,  of  this  year  (1808),  the  First 
Baptist  Church  in  the  township  was  formed,  at  the  house  of 
Mr.  David  Thomas,  on  the  Welsh  Hills.  As  the  colony 
church  was  formed  in  Massachusetts,  this  was  the  first 
church  formed  in  the  township.  ( See  History  of  this  church, 
Chapter  XXXIX.) 

Occasional  preaching  services  continued  to  be  enjoyed  by 
the  Congregational  Church. 


THE    FIRST    PASTOR. 


87 


"Lord's  day,  Apr.  24th,  1808,  Rev.  Timothy  Harris,  a 
licentiate  from  Vermont,  delivered  two  sermons,  and  on  the 
Friday  following  preached  a  lecture." 

This  introduces  to  us  him  who  was  to  be  the  pastor  of  this 
church  for  fourteen  years  —  until  his  death,  in  1822.  (See 
Chapter  XXXII.,  for  an  account  of  his  life.) 

The  day  for  the  annual  meeting  of  the  church  came  while 
Mr.  Harris  was  among  them,  and  he  was  invited  to  tarry. 
The  committee  to  bear  this  invitation  to  him  consisted  of 
Job  Case,  Levi  Hayes,  and  Timothy  Rose. 

At  the  end  of  four  months  the  society  and  church  united 
in  extending  him  a  call  to  become  their  pastor.  This  call 
was  accepted  by  Mr.  Harris  in  a  well  prepared  paper.  The 
ordination  and  installation  took  place  on  Wednesday,  Decem- 
ber 14th,  in  the  unfinished  house  of  Judge  Rose.  The 
Council  consisted  of  Revs.  Lyman  Potter,  of  Steubenville ; 


ESQUIRE    GILMAN'S    HOUSE,   1809. 

Samuel  Paine  Robbins,  of  Marietta  ;  James  Scott,  of  Clinton ; 
John  Wright,  of  Lancaster,  and  Stephen  Lindley,  of  Athens. 
The  lay  delegates  were  Judson  Guitteau,  Wm.  R.  Putnam, 
of  Marietta,  and  Matthew  Merrit,  of  Clinton.  Rev.  Jacob 
Lindley,  President  of  Ohio  University,  had  been  invited,  but 
did  not  appear.  Mr.  Scott  made  the  introductory  prayer; 
Mr.  Robbins  preached  the  sermon  ;  Mr.  Potter  made  the 
consecrating  prayer,  and  gave  the  charge ;  Mr.  Lindley  gave 
the  right  hand  of  fellowship,  and  Mr.  Wright  made  the 
concluding  prayer.  Lyman  Potter  was  Moderator  of  the 
Council,  and  Stephen  Lindley,  scribe. 


88  FIRST   REVIVAL. 

Almost  co-incident  with  Mr.  Harris'  labors  there  came  a 
seriousness  over  the  church  and  congregation  which  culmin- 
ated during  the  closing  months  of  the  year  in  the  first  of 
that  series  of  powerful  revivals  which  characterized  the  Gran- 
ville church  through  all  its  early  history.  The  features  of 
the  work  were  a  deepening  spirit  of  prayer  on  the  part  of 
the  church,  a  growing  seriousness  among  the  youth,  a  per- 
sistent opposition  from  those  who  preferred  dancing  and 
frolic  even  in  times  of  refreshing  from  on  high,  and  marked 
and  frequent  examples  of  all-conquering  grace.  A  solemn 
stillness,  unbroken  attention  and  the  silent  tear  were  charac- 
teristics of  the  Sabbath  meetings.  Seven  had  united  "with 
the  original  church  previous  to  Mr.  Harris'  coming,  and  as 
the  result  of  this  revival,  forty  were  added.  Early  in  the 
succeeding  year  the  total  membership  was  seventy. 

By  this   time,  Samuel  J.   Philipps,  Thos.  Owens,  Jacob 

Reilly,   and  McL,ane  had  become  residents  on  the 

Welsh  Hills 

Deacon  Peter  Thurston  came  this  year  from  Vermont,  with 
Mr.  Wheeler  and  others,  Mr.  Thurston  settled  on  the  farm 
just  north  of  the  Goodrich  farm.  Mrs.  Thurston  was  sister 
of  Samuel  Everitt. 


ANNALS,    1809-II.  89 


CHAPTER  XVI. 

The  events  of  the  succeeding  years  will  not  require  to  be 
noticed  with  the  particularity  of  those  already  chronicled. 

A  road  had  been  cut  oiit  at  au  early  day  by  Mr.  Sullivan 
of  Franklinton,  from  that  place  to  Newark,  passing  Gran- 
ville two  iniles  to  the  south.  A  young  lady  who  had  been 
raised  in  the  family  of  the  noted  Mr.  Blannerhasset,  had  mar- 
ried a  Mr.  Ward,  and  had  received  from  Mr.  Blannerhasset 
the  gift  of  one  hundred  acres  of  land  lying  about  four  miles 
southwest  from  Granville.  It  was  a  part  of  the  tract  after- 
ward owned  by  Mr.  Elias  Fasset  and  used  as  a  dairy  farm. 
11  Ward's "  became  a  landmark  among  the  early  settlers, 
and  the  above  route  from  Franklinton,  after  following  the 
line  of  what  is  now  the  Columbus  road  un+il  it  struck  Ward's 
place,  turned  more  directly  eastward  to  Newark.  When  the 
mail  was  first  carried  from  Newark  through  Granville  to  Col- 
umbus, Leveret  Butler,  then  a  lad  of  fourteen,  piloted  the 
mail  carrier  from  Granville,  past  his  father's  farm,  to  Ward's, 
where  the  carrier  entered  the  Sullivan  road.  Returning,  But- 
ler blazed  a  track  for  permanent  use,  and  thus  was  opened 
the  mail  route  afterwards  used  by  the  four  horse  coaches  of 
Neil,  More  &  Co.,  running  from  Columbus  via  Granville  to 
Newark  and  Zanesville. 

During  this  year  the  first  bricks  made  in  Granville  were 
manufactured  by  Wm.  Stedman  and  Augustine  Munson. 
Rev.  Timothy  Harris  agreed  before  hand  to  take  of  them 
three  thousand  and  Judge  Rose  seven  thousand  at  $5.00  per 
thousand. 

Up  to  this  time  Judge  Rose  had  acted  as  Postmaster,  hav- 
ing been  appointed  in  1806.  The  eastern  mail  was  brought 
via  Pittsburg,  Wheeling,  Marietta,  Zanesville  and  Newark. 

During  the  year,  Morris  Morris,  David  James  and. Joseph 
Evans  became  residents  on  the  Welsh  Hills. 
12 


90  THE   FIRST   RESIDENT   PHYSICIAN. 

Dr.  Samuel  Lee  arrived  in  the  place  in  the  spring,  coming 
from  Poultney,  Vt.,  from  which  place  he  started  on  Tuesday, 
the  9th  of  May,  at  9  o'clock  in  the  morning.  It  being  in 
1809,  the  recurrence  of  nine's  helped  to  remember  the  date. 
He  was  the  first  resident  physician  of  Granville.  He  mar- 
ried Miss  Sabra  Case,  daughter  of  Job  Case,  and  after  two 
years'  residence  in  town  they  removed  to  Coshocton,  where 
he  became  a  prominent  man  in  his  profession,  in  the  church 
and  in  the  community. 

The  deaths  of  1809  were  five  ;  Samuel  Everitt,  Jr.,  (he  who 
first  suggested  the  idea  of  the  Granville  colony,)  April  14th, 
aged  40;  an  infant  of  Jesse  Munson,  Jr.,  June  17th;  Mrs. 
Abigail  Sweatman,  (who  had  her  home  with  Judge  Rose,) 
September  23d,  aged  71 ;  Samuel  Waters,  in  October,  aged 
40;  Alvah  E.,  a  son  of  Araunah  Clark,  November  4th. 

In  1810,  came  Deacon  Samuel  Baldwin  who  settled  on  the 
Columbus  road  about  two  miles  from  town. 

About  the  same  time  came  Benjamin  Critchet,  an  ingen- 
ious cooper,  who  used  to  make  churns,  gallon  kegs  for  whisky, 
wooden  canteens,  etc.  He  used  to  go  out  and  whistle  as  if 
for  his  dog,  and  cry  "st-boy,"  "sic," — when  all  the  hogs  of 
the  neighborhood  would  run  wildly  away  except  bis  own  ; 
which,  having  been  trained  to  understand  the  sound  as  their 
dinner  signal,  would  come  running  home  to  eat  undisturbed 
by  the  others. 

Mr.  Asahel  Griffin  came  to  the  place  from  Marietta,  living 
for  a  time  on  Burgh  Street,  and  afterward  on  Centerville, 
half  a  mile  from  town. 

Mr.  Jesse  Munson,  Sen.,  put  up  the  frame  house  which  is 
still  occupied  by  his  grandson,  Hon.  Marvin  M.  Munson, 
and  which  is  still  a  first-class  dwelling,  so  thorough  and 
workmanlike  were  the  planning  and  labor  bestowed  upon  its 
erection.  It  was  put  up  under  the  direction  of  Captain  Baker, 
a  workman  who  had  served  under  the  architect  Benjamin,  of 
Boston.  Captain  Baker  did  not  remain  a  citizen  of  Gran- 
ville, but  returned  east  soon  after  the  completion  of  this  job. 


IM-i\ 


SECOND  SCHOOL  HOUSE. 


91 


Major  Grove  Case,  also,  erected  the  brick  house  on  the 
northeast  corner  of  Broad  and  Green  Streets,  having  for  its 
kitchen,  in  the  rear,  the  frame  house  built  by  Timothy 
Spelman. 

The  log  school  house  gave  place  to  the  first  frame  school 
house,  which,  also,  was  used  for  church  purposes  until  the 
large  church  was  built.  It  stood  where  the  Methodist 
Church  now  stands,  on  the  east  side  of  the  square,  south  of 
Broadway.     It  was  24  x  32  feet,  and  nine  feet  between  joints. 


Mi- 


It  stood  with  the  side  to  the  road.  The  pulpit  was  in  the 
west  end,  a  little  raised,  with  a  window  at  either  side.  In 
front  of  it  was  the  deacons'  seat,  where,  according  to  the 
custom  of  the  times,  two  deacons  sat,  facing  the  audience, 
during  each  service.  To  the  right  and  left,  extending  well 
down  the  sides,  and  occupying  the  school  desks,  the  choir 
was  seated.  In  the  end  of  the  house,  opposite  the 
pulpit,  was  a  large  open  fireplace,  on  the  north  side  of  which 
was  a  closet  for  the  wraps  and  dinner-baskets  of  the  school 
children,   and    the    front    door    opened    right   against   the 


92  A   MERITORIOUS   FROLIC. 

chimney,  on  the  south  side.  It  stood  npon  low  ground,  so 
that  in  time  of  heavy  rains  the  pond  just  west  and  north  of 
it  would  rise  and  spread  around  it.  A  puncheon  elevated 
walk  of  ten  feet  led  from  the  higher  ground  to  the  door  to 
provide  for  emergencies.  When  this  house  ceased  to  be 
used  as  a  school  house,  it  was  removed  to  the  east  side  of 
Prospect  Hill,  and  became  the  cooper  shop  of  Langdon  & 
Doud. 

While  preparations  were  being  made  for  the  erection  of 
this  building,  the  boys,  in  their  evening  pastimes  on  the 
common,  bethought  them  that  it  would  be  a  very  jolly  thing 
to  take  down  the  old  log  school  house.  As  it  would  help 
their  sires  thus  much,  they  thought  it  would  be  a  meritorious 
frolic  rather  than  otherwise.  Though  it  was  on  the  public 
square,  and  their  noisy  proceeding  must  have  been  observed 
by  older  people,  no  one  interfered  with  them.  They  first 
took  out  the  glass  windows  with  great  care,  which  had 
replaced  the  oiled  paper ;  took  the  batten  door  from  its 
wooden  hinges,  and  carried  them,  with  all  that  was  of  any 
value,  across  the  street,  and  stored  them  away  at  Mr.  Josiah 
Graves'.  Then,  beginning  with  the  weight  poles,  they  dis- 
mantled it  down  to  the  joice.  Then,  becoming  weary,  they 
went  home  and  to  bed,  and  slept  with  quiet  consciences. 
But  Judge  Rose  and  others  thought  it  a  good  oppor- 
tunity to  give  the  boys  a  lesson  on  lawlessness.  So, 
with  one  side  of  their  faces  in  their  sleeves,  it  was 
arranged,  with  Esquire  Winchel  as  Justice,  Samuel  Thrall, 
Prosecuting  Attorney,  and  Josiah  Graves  as  Constable,  to 
bring  up  a  number  of  them  for  a  sham  trial.  They  were 
brought  together  one  evening,  one  of  them  being  taken  out 
of  bed  for  the  purpose,  and  arraigned  for  trial,  with  the 
solemn  countenances  of  parents  and  officials  all  around  them. 
The  indictment  was  read,  the  boys  all  plead  guilty,  and  they 
were  fined  twenty-five  cents  each  and  costs.  Twenty-five 
cent  pieces  were  very  scarce  at  that  time,  and  it  began  to 
look    pretty   serious    to   them.      It    waked   up    their   ideas 


FILIAL  OBEDIENCE.  93 

about  law  and  order.  Then  all  the  officers,  as  the 
boys  looked  unutterably  penitent,  consented  to  throw  in 
their  fees ;  and,  finally,  it  was  agreed,  if  the  boys  would  ask 
forgiveness,  that  should  end  the  affair. 

Judge  Rose,  though  having  a  keen  relish  for  fun,  and  often 
giving  himself  to  hilarity,  yet  cherished  a  peculiar  respect 
for  authority.  We  subjoin  an  incident  or  two  which,  with 
the  above,  illustrate  these  traits.  When  a  young  man,  he 
wanted  much  to  go  to  a  "  quilting,"  which  was  one  of  the 
occasions  for  young  people's  social  enjoyment  in  those  days. 
But  he  was  too  filial  to  go  without  his  father's  permission, 
so  he  made  his  request.  u  You  may  sit  down  and  read,"  was 
the  answer.  He  sat  and  read  for  what  he  thought  a 
reasonable  time,  and  then  renewed  his  request :  u  Now  may 
I  go,  father?  "  u  You  may  go  to  bed,"  was  the  response  this 
time.  So  Timothy  went  to  bed,  but,  after  lying  quiet  for 
another  reasonable  time,  as  he  thought,  lie  arose,  dressed, 
and  presented  himself  before  his  father  again  :  "  Now,  may 
I  go,  father?"  "What  you  want  to  go  for,  Tim?"  Not 
mincing  matters,  Tim  replied :  "  I  want  to  go  to  dance," 
though  the  dancing  was  one  of  the  least  of  the  attractions 
of  the  evening.  The  third  reply  was  :  "  Justus,  you  may 
sing,  and  Tim,  you  go  to  dancing."  Justus  was  an  elder 
brother  and  a  good  singer.  Neither  of  the  boys  knew  any- 
thing else  than  to  obey,  so  Justus  sang  and  Tim  danced. 
But  the  request  was  still  repeated  :  "  Now,  may  I  go,  father?" 
"  Yes  !  now  go  !  "  was  the  final  answer. 

Mr.  Rathbone,  visiting  Granville  on  land  business,  used  to 
stop  at  Judge  Rose's  hotel.  Sitting  at  a  table,  he  would 
receive  payments  in  specie,  and  deposit  it  in  his  saddle-bags 
until  they  grew  very  heavy.  The  Judge  used  to  indulge  his 
humor  with  strangers  as  they  came  into  the  room.  Sitting 
on  the  other  side  of  the  room,  he  would  ask  the  new  comer, 
as  a  favor,  to  hand  him  the  saddle-bags.  The  accommodating 
man  would  stoop  to  comply,  but  the  leathern  safe  seemed 
glued   to  the  floor.     Taking   both  hands,  he  would   try  to 


94  COSTUMES. 

discover  what  held  them  down,  and  it  generally  took  the 
loud  laugh  ot  the  bystanders  to  convince  the  man  that  he 
was  the  subject  of  a  practical  joke. 

Up  to  this  time,  and  perhaps  later,  old  ladies  came  to 
meeting  with  caps  on  their  heads,  and  young  ladies  wore  as 
a  head  dress  something  so  commonplace  that  they  laid  it 
aside  when  they  reached  the  church.  They  were  all  dressed 
in  homespun,  the  material  being  wool  or  linen,  according  to 
the  season.  Very  handsome  gingham  was  made  by  using 
hetcheled  flax.  The  coarser  tow  made  every-day  wear.  A 
little  "  Turkey  red  "  was  bought,  with  which  to  ornament  it 
in  a  small  fancy  stripe.  The  rest  of  the  coloring  material 
was  chiefly  gathered  from  the  woods.  The  church-goers 
would  come  barefoot,  in  warm  weather,  to  the  edge  of  town, 
where  they  would  put  on  the  shoes  and  stockings  they  had 
brought  in  their  hands.  The  reason  was,  that  bare  feet  were 
cheaper  than  tanned  leather  to  walk  in,  yet  shoes  and 
stockings  seemed  more  decorus  in  church  than  bare  feet. 
But  the  most  daring  of  the  men  sometimes  came  barefoot, 
and  in  their  shirt  sleeves.  From  this  time,  however,  there 
was  a  growing  ability  to  meet  their  desire  for  tidiness. 

Afterward  the  nicest  dresses  came  to  be  made  of  cambric 
or  jaconette,  or  plain  or  figured  bombazette.  Shawls  were 
brought  on,  made  of  a  square  yard  of  cambric,  with  a  gaudy 
border  stamped  in  colored  figures ;  and  they  served  in  the 
outfit  of  young  ladies  on  wedding  occasions. 

After  the  family  piece  of  cloth  was  made  up  for  the  sea- 
son, tailoresses  were  employed,  who  with  their  patterns 
would  go  about  from  family  to  family  making  up  the  winter 
or  summer  clothing,  boarding  with  the  family  until  the  work 
was  done.  In  like  manner  a  family  would  supply  itself  with 
leather  by  having  the  hides  of  their  slaughtered  animals 
tanned  on  shares;  and  the  journeyman  shoemaker  would 
pass  around  with  his  kit  of  tools  and  fit  each  member  with 
boots  or  shoes.  The  children  would  sometimes  go  barefoot, 
even  in  winter.     Some  sewed  cloth  on  their  feet. 


JOURNEYMAN   ARTISANS.  95 

Hon.  Jeremiah  R.  Munson  was  this  year  the  representa- 
tive of  Licking  County  in  the  General  Assembly,  the  seat  of 
government  being  at  Zanesville. 

A  bushel  of  wheat  sold  for  fifty  cents,  and  the  price  of  a 
day's  labor  was  the  same.  About  this  time  a  man  bargained 
to  mow  grass  one  week  for  a  bushel  of  salt.  Salt  was 
brought  a  long  way  on  horseback,  which  enhanced  its  value. 
Bricks  were  $5  a  thousand,  and  lumber  $1  a  hundred. 

The  first  Methodist  sermon  delivered  in  the  place  was 
preached  during  the  summer  of  this  year,  (1810,)  by  Rev. 
Elisha  Buttles,  the  audience  assembling  under  a  large  black- 
walnut  tree  which  stood  in  Broadway,  midway  between  the 
house  of  Mr.  Gavit  and  where  the  Congregational  Church 
was  afterward  built.  Mr.  Buttles  was  a  brother  of  Mrs. 
Samuel  Everitt. 

Mr.  Samuel  White,  son-in-law  of  Theophilus  Rees,  and 
father  of  Hon.  Samuel  White  came  to  reside  on  the  Welsh 
Hills  ;  also  little  David  Thomas,  son-in-law  of  Mr.  Rees. 

Mr.  Daniel  Baker  came  from  Massachusetts,  not  having 
been  on  the  ground  before,  though  he  was  a  member  of  the 
company.  He  came  on  horseback  seven  hundred  miles,  in- 
spected his  land,  and  returned  in  the  same  way,  the  same 
season.  The  next  year,  1811,  be  brought  out  his  family  and 
became  a  resident,  building  a  cabin  on  Cherry  street,  and 
proceeding  at  once  to  clear  the  hill  north  of  town  where  the 
University  now  stands. 

Daniel  Griffith  came  and  took  up  his  residence  on  the 
Welsh  Hills. 

The  deaths  of  1810  were  six;  child  of  Jesse  Munson,  Jr., 
May  8th,  aged  10  months ;  Almena,  daughter  of  Jesse  Mun- 
son, Jr.,  May  29th,  aged  3  years  ;  Bela  Cooley,  son  of  Josiah 
Graves,  May  2d,  aged  2  years ;  Moses  Barrett,  son  of  Noble 
Root,  July  26th,  aged  2  years  ;  James  Sinnet,  December  14th, 
aged  50  years. 

Dr.  Win.  S.  Richards  arrived  from  New  London,  Conn., 
Friday,  July  19,  181 1,  having  come  all  the  way,  via  Marietta, 


96  EARTHQUAKE    OF    l8ll. 

on  horseback.  He  immediately  commenced  the  practice  of 
medicine  which  he  continued  in  this  place  until  his  death  in 
1852.  He  first  boarded  with  Rev.  Timothy  Harris,  and  after- 
ward with  Judge  Rose.  While  there  he  was  sleeping  one 
night  in  the  same  room  with  David  Messenger,  Jr.,  when 
the  house  was  shaken  by  one  of  the  great  earthquake  waves 
that  changed  the  channel  of  the  Mississippi.  Messenger 
was  frightened  by  the  rolling  of  the  house,  and  waking  the 
Doctor,  asked  what  he  thought  was  the  cause  of  the  house 
shaking  so.  The  Doctor  roused  up  enough  to  mutter  that  it 
must  be  a  hog  rubbing  against  the  house,  and  went  to  sleep 
again. 

The  day  before  this  occurrence  Daniel  Baker  had  been 
with  his  family  to  Newark  to  make  some  purchases,  among 
other  things  some  blue-edged  dishes.  That  night  the  family 
slept  in  pioneer  style  in  their  new  cabin.  The  dishes  stood 
on  the  table  and  the  bed  of  Daniel,  Jr.,  then  a  small  boy, 
was  on  the  floor  and  near  the  table.  He  was  awakened  in 
the  night  by  the  rattling  of  the  dishes  over  his  head,  but  was 
too  young  to  be  alarmed  by  that,  the  magnitude  of  which  he 
did  not  understand. 

On  the  12th  of  January,  181 1,  Elias  Gilman,  Timothy 
Rose,  Silas  Winchel,  Daniel*  Baker,  and  Grove  Case  were 
made  a  body  corporate,  under  the  title  of  "Trustees  of  the 
Granville  Religious  and  Literary  Society,"  to  have  the  care 
of  Lot  No.  11,  given  by  the  company  for  the  support  of  min- 
isters, and  Lot  No.  15,  for  school  purposes,  to  improve,  man- 
age and  dispose  of  the  same,  provided  the  express  purpose 
and  intent  of  the  grant  be  answered.  [See  Ohio  Laws,  Vol. 
9,  p.  30,  State  Library.]  Subsequently  a  deed  was  given  to 
these  Trustees  by  the  members  of  the  Licking  Company. 

The  deaths  of  181 1  were  four;  infant  son  of  Wm.  Gavit, 
Esq.,  February  5th;  Lemuel  S.,  son  of  Amos  Carpenter, 
April,  aged  3  months ;  Capt.  David  Messenger,  April  1st, 
aged  51 ;  Mehitabel,  daughter  of  Daniel  Murdick,  October, 
aged  10. 


THE   WAR   OF    l8l2.  97 


CHAPTER  XVII. 

On  the  17th  of  June,  1812,  Congress  passed  in  both  houses 
the  act  declaring  war  with  Great  Britain.  On  the  18th  the 
bill  was  signed  by  President  Madison,  and  on  the  19th  war  was 
formally  proclaimed.  Our  little  history  need  take  no  notice 
of  this  war  save  as  it  affected  the  colony.  The  reasons  for 
declaring  war  were  not  so  much  considered  on  the  frontier. 
Almost  the  entire  Granville  colony  were  of  the  party  then 
called  "  federalists,"  which  party  was  opposed  to  the  war. 
Nevertheless,  war  being  declared,  a  furor  seemed  to  seize  all 
the  northwest  to  go  and  take  Canada.  There  was  a  call  not 
only  for  soldiers  but  for  subsistence  for  the  army  and  for 
transportation.  "  Four  hundred  teams  were  occupied  trans- 
porting provisions  from  the  lower  Scioto  county  to  the  lake." 
"  The  place  of  worship  at  Franklinton  was  filled  with  corn 
to  feed  Government  teams;  and  the  minister  at  Delaware 
went  into  the  army  as  Chaplain  and  was  surrendered  with 
the  rest."  The  colony  furnished  to  the  Government  for  gen- 
eral uses  of  the  army  thirty-eight  horses,  at  an  aggregate 
valuation  of  $2,365,  together  with  accoutrements  valued  at 
$515.  Hon.  J.  R.  Munson  had  become  aid  to  the  Governor, 
and  returning  home  to  Granville,  he  collected  the  citizens 
together,  and  in  one  hour's  time  had  raised  a  company  of 
volunteers,  in  all  fifty  men. 

Levi  Rose,  Capt.,  Eleazer  C.  Clemons,    Ensign. 

Sylvanus  Mitchel,  Lieut.,  Orin  Granger,  Orderly  Serg., 

John  Rees,  2d  Sergt.,  Mahlon  Brown,     private. 

Timothy  Spelman,  3d  Sergt.,  Araunah  Clark,  M 

Asa  B.  Gavit,  1st  Corpl.,  Rowley  Clark,  " 

Knowles  Linnel,  2d  Corpl.,  Harry  Clemons,  " 

Leicester  Case.  3d  Corpl.,  Festus  Cooley,  " 

Thomas  Spelman,  Drummer,  Elijah  Fox,  " 

Justin  Hillyer,  fifer,  Thomas  Ford,  " 

13 


98  REGISTER  OF   INFANTRY. 

Elias  Gilman,  private,  (after-  Wm.  D.  Gibbons,  private. 

ward  promoted  Quarmsr.,)  Claudius  L.  Graves,  " 

James  Alexander,          "  Titus  S.  Hoskin,         " 

George  Avery,               V  Orlin  P.  Hayes,           " 

Christopher  Avery,       "  Hezekiah  Johnson,     H 

Leveret  Butler,               '*  John  Kelley,                M 

Benj'n  P.  Gavit,             "  Hugh  Kelley, 

Benj'n  Linnel,                "  Seth  Mead, 

Campbell  Messenger,    M  John  Martin,                M 

Grove  Messenger,          *'  Danl.   Murdock,          ■' 

Augustine  Munson,       "  Owen  Owens,              li 

Elijah  Rathbone,            "  Calvin  Pratt, 

Theophilus  Rees,           9t  Orman  Rose,               H 

Spencer  Spelman,          '*  James  Shepard,           u 

David  Thompson,          "  Wm.  Thompson,        " 

Cotton  M.  Thrall,         "  Joel  Wells, 

Alexander  Thrall,          "  [5°»] 

Levi  Rose  was  successively  commissioned 

Ensign,  Sept.  1st,  1807,  Ohio  militia. 

Lieutenant,  May  31st,  1808,  u         *' 

Captain,  April  5th,  1810, 

M  June  1st,  1812,  U.  S.  service. 

Two  of  these  men  were  from  Hanover,  and  others  were 
from  the  western  part  of  the  county,  but  most  of  them  be- 
longed to  the  colony  or  to  the  Welsh  Hills.  Two  members 
of  the  company  deserted  in  July ;  and  two  others,  Mahlon 
Brown  and  Grove  Messenger  were  wounded  in  skirmishes 
and  never  reached  home  again. 

Mr.  Munson  also  raised  companies  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Newark, 
Zanesville  and  Lancaster.  They  helped  to  form  the  regiment 
of  Colonel  Lewis  Cass,  of  which  Mr.  Munson  became  Major. 
The  Granville  Band  accompanied  the  regiment,  and  as  no 
provision  was  made  for  the  enlistment  of  such  a  band,  they 
were  distributed  on  the  rolls  of  the  companies  as  drummers 
and  fifers ;  albeit,  they  continued  to  play  their  clarionets, 
hautboys  and  bassoons. 

This  enlistment  was  probably  in  anticipation  of  the  action 
of  Congress ;  for  an  entry  in  Dr  Richards'  journal  says  : 
li  May  8th,  call  for  volunteers  by  Munson  for  theCanada  ex- 


GOING  TO  WAR.  99 

pedition."     On  the  12th  of  June,  another  entry  says  :  "This 
day  they  marched  away — accompanied  them  to  Herron's." 

Friends  followed  them  out  the  first  night  to  their  encamp- 
ment, and  spent  most  of  the  night  with  them.  They  were 
marched  to  Urbana,  where  they  expected  to  meet  General 
Hull's  army,  which  was  moving  north  to  Detroit.  But  Hull 
had  moved  on,  and  they  followed,  overtaking  him  near  where 
Findlay  now  stands.  Through  the  Black  Swamp,  they  had 
to  open  a  road  as  they  went,  often  working  in  water  three 
feet  deep.  They  had  many  alarms  on  the  march,  from 
Indians,  who  hovered  around  their  path,  but  no  serious 
trouble  occurred. 

It  was  on  this  campaign,  &  before  discipline  was  well  estab- 
lished that  Ormond  Rose  &  others  from  Granville  were  acting 
as  rear  guard  &  had  been  left  all  day  without  food.  At  night- 
fall an  officer  was  passing  with  a  sack  of  flour  &  was  asked  for 
some.  He  declined  to  grant  the  request.  Ormond  with  fixed 
bayonet  then  demanded  it,  &  told  his  fellow  soldiers  to  stand 
guard  while  he  took  the  flour.  They  had  not  nerve  enough,  so 
he  did  both.  Though  the  officer  drew  his  sword  in  resentment, 
Rose  kept  him  at  bay  &  took  what  flour  he  thought  they  could 
use.  He  then  told  the  officer  he  could  go  on.  This  flagrant 
violation  of  discipline  was  immediately  reported,  but  the 
authorities  considered  the  circumstances  &  nothing  was  ever 
done  about  it.  This  fearless  self-assertion  in  the  presence  of 
authority  when  he  believed  himself  right  was  manifested  on 
other  occasions  &  was  rather  characteristic  of  the  man. 

Arrived  at  Detroit,  they  went  into  camp.  All  the 
mechanics  among  them  were  set  to  mounting  the  old 
cannon  left  from  revolutionary  times.  While  thus  employed, 
a  mishap  occurred  which  well  nigh  cost  Major  Munson  his 
life.  Colonel  Enos,  of  Mt.  Vernon,  came  one  day  into  the 
marquee  to  get  his  gun.  (All  the  officers  carried  guns,  as  did 
the  privates.)  By  mistake,  he  took  up  that  of  David  Mes- 
senger, and  when  he  returned  it  he  left  it  loaded.  Afterward, 
Messenger,  not  knowing  this,  took  up  the  gun  to  prepare  it 
for  use.      While  handling  it,  the  gun  was  discharged,   the 


100  ACCIDENTAL   SHOOTING  —  UNDER   FIRE. 

ball  striking  the  Major,  who  was  several  rods  away,  squarely 
in  the  breast,  disabling  him  for  some  time.  He  carried  the 
ball  in  his  person  as  long  as  he  lived. 

Preparations  completed,  the  army  crossed  the  river  and 
encamped  on  the  Canada  side.  The  people  fled  precipi- 
tately, leaving  houses  and  stores  of  goods  all  open  and 
unprotected.  While  lying  here,  companies  of  skirmishers 
were  daily  sent  out  to  feel  the  strength  of  the  enemy  in  their 
front.  Major  Munson's  command  was  thus  employed  while 
he  was  disabled,  under  some  other  acting  Major.  The 
Indians  in  the  British  service  would  come  up  toward  the 
camp,  and  our  soldiers  would  sally  out  in  pursuit  of  them.  The 
Granville  boys  were  one  afternoon  sent  nine  miles  down  the 
river  to  reconnoiter.  They  lay  down  in  an  orchard  and  slept, 
with  very  careless  provision,  or  none  at  all,  for  guarding 
their  resting  place.  While  resting  thus,  the  Indians  crept 
upon  them.  One  was  stealing  his  way  through  their 
midst,  when  one  of  the  men  roused  up  and  fired  upon 
him.  He  was  wounded,  but  staggering  and  crawling  on,  he 
managed  to  escape.  Starting  on  a  stampede  for  the  main 
camp,  they  found  the  main  road  filled  with  British  troops, 
and  turned  aside  into  a  field  of  grain.  As  they  climbed  the 
fence,  they  were  under  a  heavy  fire.  The  splinters  flew,  and 
the  wheat  heads  were  dropping  all  around  them.  While 
sulking  and  crawling  through  the  grain,  an  Indian  shot  at 
Wm.  Gibbons,  who  was  in  the  rear,  the  ball  grazing  his  person, 
only  breaking  the  skin,  but  making  him  think  himself  se- 
verely wounded.  The  Indian,  determined  to  have  his  scalp, 
plunged  after  him  with  uplifted  tomahawk.  Gibbons  was 
paralyzed  with  his  danger,  and  instead  of  running,  remained 
dancing  up  and  down,  and  made  no  progress.  As  the 
Indian  came  up  and  was  about  to  strike,  he  was  killed  by  a 
bullet  from  the  musket  of  Captain  Roupe,  of  the  Mt.  Vernon 
company.  Gibbons,  seeing  the  Indian  fall,  took  heart,  and 
Ensign  Clemons  coming  up  with  him,  having,  as  rear  guard, 
been  still  further  behind  in  the  race,  cheered  him  on,  and 


NARROW   ESCAPES.  101 

both  escaped.  The  duties  of  the  ensign  were  too  much  for 
him  that  day,  and  he  fell,  overcome  by  heat,  and  was  carried 
into  camp  on  a  blanket  by  his  comrades. 

On  another  occasion,  Seth  Mead  was  brought  to  close 
quarters  with  the  Indians,  and  hid  in  a  field  of  oats.  One 
of  them  climbed  a  fence  to  look  for  him.  Mead,  supposing 
himself  discovered,  cocked  his  gun  to  fire.  But  the  Indian 
turned  back  and  Mead  escaped,  getting  back  to  camp  about 
9  o'clock,  and  after  he  had  been  given  up  as  killed. 

On  the  1 6th  of  August  they  were  surrendered  by  General 
Hull  to  the  British  ;  Colonel  Cass,  in  his  mortification,  riding 
out  and  hacking  his  sword  to  pieces  on  a  fence.  The  Gran- 
ville boys  were  soon  after  paroled  and  sent  home.  They 
were  put  aboard  unseaworthy  vessels,  one  of  which,  on  its 
return  voyage,  went  to  the  bottom  in  a  light  gale.  The  men 
were  obliged  constantly  to  bail  out  the  water,  having  nothing 
but  their  hats  wherewith  to  do  it.  Some  of  the  soldiers 
were  very  sick.  Samuel  Bancroft,  in  the  delirium  of  fever, 
jumped  into  the  lake,  and  although  he  was  not  a  swimmer, 
he  floated  until  help  came,  and  he  was  not  only  saved  from 
drowning,  but  his  bath  cured  his  fever. 

The  paroled  men,  still  drawing  pay  for  several  months 
from  the  Government,  went  home,  attended  to  the  fall  work 
of  their  farms,  and  during  the  succeeding  winter,  having  six 
weeks  of  good  sleighing,  they  took  upon  sleds,  to  the  lake, 
whatever  supplies  they  could  spare,  and  sold  to  the  commis- 
sary for  army  use.  Flour  brought  $20.00  a  barrel,  and  oats 
$2  a  bushel.  But  for  this  demand,  wheat  would  have  sold  at 
home  for  seventy-five  cents  a  bushel,  corn  for  twenty-five 
cents,  and  pork  for  $3.00  a  hundred. 

On  their  return,  vague  rumors  preceeded  them  about  their 
exposure  to  the  hostile  Indians.  Captain  Grove  Case,  with- 
out any  commission,  immediately  raised  a  company  of 
mounted  volunteers,  and  started  to  join  the  army  that  was 
gathering  for  their  relief.  The  roll  of  this  company  was  as 
follows : 


102 


REGISTER  OF   CAVALRY. 


Grove  Case,  Capt. 
Alexander  Holmes, 
Wm  Stedman, 
Silas  Winchel, 
Wm  Holmes, 
Leicester  Case, 
James  White, 
Simeon  Avery, 
Ethan  Bancroft, 
Frederic  Case, 
Timothy  Case, 
Gabriel  Critton, 


Titus  Knox, 
Campbell  Messenger, 
John  Mays, 
Jesse  Munson, 
Levi  Phelps, 
Worthy  Pratt, 
John  H.  Philipps, 
John  Parker, 
John  Sinnet, 
John  Wells, 
Joseph  West, 
Amos  Wilson. 

-[36.] 

Happily,  the  alarms  proved  false,  and  they  returned  home. 
Peace  was  not  declared  until  1815,  but  our  colonists  took  no 
further  part  in  deeds  of  war. 


Matthew  Critchet, 
Archibald  Cornell, 
Helon  Rose 
Lemuel  Rose,  Jr., 
Caleb  Randal, 
Justis  Stephans, 
Benjamin  Carpenter, 
Julius  Coleman, 
Cornelius  Elliott, 
Elisha  S.  Gilman, 
Josiah  Graves, 
Joseph  Holmes, 


ANNALS,  1812-15.  103 


CHAPTER  XVIII. 

In  181 2,  the  colonists  made  their  first  acquaintance  with 
the  "  seventeen-year  locusts."  They  did  considerable  damage 
to  the  young  orchards,  and,  to  the  superstitious,  gave  pre- 
monition of  coming  war,  by  the  ominous  black  W  upon 
their  wings. 


The  first  barrel  of  cider  from  apples  grown  .in  the  colony 
was  made  in  the  fall  by  Job  Case,  from  his  orchard  at  the 
foot  of  Lower  Loudon,  a  mile  out  of  town. 

Hon.  William  Gavit  represented  this  district  as  State 
Senator,  in  which  capacity  he  served  acceptably  for  two 
years  ;  and  afterwards,  one  year  intervening,  for  two  years 
again  ;  the  seat  of  government  being  then  at  Chillicothe. 

Daniel  Baker,  Esq.,  took  Mr.  Gavit's  place  as  postmaster, 
retaining  the  office  until  1818. 

In  the  fall,  Mr.  Ralph  Granger  came  to  the  place  from  the 
Western  Reserve.  [See  Chapter,  Our  Commercial  Enter- 
prises.] Mr.  Gabriel  Werden,  also,  came  to  the  place  from 
Vermont,  settling  on  Burgh  Street.  This  name  has  been 
variously  spelled  in  the  records  and  elsewhere  :  Wardain, 
Wardin,  Worden,  Warden,  etc.  The  orthography  Werden  is 
taken  from  the  family  monument. 


104  DEATHS   AND   ACCESSIONS. 

There  were  two  deaths  during  the  year :  Mindwell,  wife 
of  Samuel  Everitt,  Sen.,  December  6th,  aged  seventy ;  Sally 
Mather,  daughter  of  Spencer  Wright,  October  3rd,  aged  two 
years. 

In  1813,  Judge  Rose  died.  He  had  left  his  house  in  the 
village  and  was  opening  his  farm  on  Centerville  Street,  two 
and  a  half  miles  east  of  the  village.  While  preparing  his 
dwelling  for  occupancy  —  a  small  brick  house  on  the  road 
leading  to  Munson's  mill  —  he  was  temporarily  in  the  home 
of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  William  Stedman,  on  the  adjoining 
farm,  and  there  his  death  occurred.  He  had  been  for  some 
time  troubled  with  a  tumor  in  his  throat.  At  times  it  seemed 
to  change  its  place,  or  form,  and  would  press  upon  the  wind- 
pipe, causing  moments  of  suffocation.  He  was  subject  to 
these  attacks  in  his  sleep.  His  family  were  aroused  one 
night  by  his  efforts  to  make  himself  heard.  He  succeeded, 
with  great  effort,  in  forcing  the  words  :  "  I  am  dying  !  "  when 
he  fell  back  exhausted,  and  was  soon  dead. 

Mr.  Benjamin  Cook  succeeded  Judge  Rose  as  host  at  the 
tavern,  corner  of  Broad  and  Pearl  Streets. 

Mr.  Daniel  Shepherdson  came  from  Middletown,  Vermont, 
and  settled  on  Burgh  Street,  purchasing  the  farm  still  occu- 
pied by  his  descendants,  just  on  the  verge  of  the  township. 

Mr.  Amasa  Howe  came  from  Highgate,  Vermont,  settling 
on  the  farm  still  owned  by  his  descendants,  on  Lancaster 
Street,  one  and  a  half  miles  south  of  the  village. 

Mr.  Edward  Nichol  became  a  citizen.  He  had  just  lost 
his  property.  Commencing  the  manufacture  of  potash,  he 
made  it  a  prominent  industry.  The  year  he  came,  his 
brother  died  at  the  east,  and  Mr.  Nichol  at  once  wrote  to  the 
widow  to  come  west,  with  the  children,  and  he  would  assist 
ill  providing  for  them.  They  brought  out  with  them  a 
choice  old  French  mirror,  which  has  been  in  the  family  over 
two  hundred  years. 

Mr.  Samuel  Falley  came,  and  settled  on  Upper  Loudon 
Street. 


DEATHS   AND  ACCESSIONS.  105 

There  were  thirteen  deaths  during  the  year,  including : 
Catharine,  wife  of  Seth  Lewis,  January  8th,  aged  sixty-three  ; 
John  Wheeler,  Esq.,  April  26th,  aged  forty-five  ;  Lieutenant 
Jesse  Munson,  April  27th,  aged  seventy-two;  Hon.  Timothy 
Rose,  November  27th,  aged  fifty-one  ;  Mr.  Thomas  Philipps, 
May  26th. 

In  1814,  arrived  Mr.  Azariah  Bancroft,  formerly  from 
Granville,  Mass  ,  but  then  coming  from  Lewis  Lake,  Penn., 
where  he  had  been  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  glass.  He 
settled  on  Lancaster  road  on  the  farm  next  south  of  Mr. 
Howe's. 

Mr.  Samuel  Chadwick  arrived  during  the  year,  adding 
considerable  productive  ingenuity  to  the  young  and  growing 
settlement. 

Mr.  Sereno  Wright,  a  printer  from  Vermont,  arrived  in  the 
fall  and  spent  the  winter.  Returning,  he  brought  out  his 
family  the  next  spring  and  became  a  permanent  resident, 
teaching  school  the  first  year,  then  publishing  for  some  years 
a  paper  called  The  Wanderer.  Afterward  he  engaged  in 
merchandise. 

Capt.  John  Phelps,  often  familiarly  called  "  Capt.  Put," 
bought  the  saw  mill,  or  mill  seat  of  Mr.  Job  Case,  a  mile 
southeast  of  town,  where  a  brook  issues  from  the  line  of  hills 
on  the  south  side  of  Raccoon  ;  where  afterward  the  large 
flouring  mill  stood.  In  order  to  have  a  reliable  and  access- 
ible saw  mill,  the  citizens  raised  a  subscription,  payable 
mostly  in  labor,  to  aid  him  in  opening  a  road  and  a  mill  race. 

There  were  twelve  deaths  during  the  year,  of  which  were 
Deacon  Theophilus  Rees,  February  17th,  aged  70;  Ethan 
Bancroft,  May  9th,  aged  34  ;  Deacon  Nathan  Allyn,  June  2d, 
aged  74;  John  Kelley,  October  8th,  aged  47. 

In  1815,  arrived  Mr.  Linus  G.  Thrall  from  Rutland,  Vt., 
and  with  him  Jesse  Thrall  and  his  son  Walter,  Joel  and 
Oliver,  sons  of  Eliphas  Thrall,  Nathaniel  Paige,  Job  Paige, 
Capt.  Wm.  Mead,  Capt.  Oliver  Harmon  and  the  family  of  a 
Mr.  Bassett.  They  found  the  Tuscarawas  River  very  high 
14 


106  THE   FIRST   SABBATH   SCHOOL. 

and  crossed  it  by  lashing  two  canoes  together,  rolling  the 
wagons  upon  them,  one  wheel  in  one  canoe  and  the  other  in 
the  opposite.  Mr.  Bassett,  who  had  come  with  them  thus 
far,  being  an  expert  in  the  water  preferred  to  swim  back  and 
forth.  When  nearly  through  with  their  work,  as  he  was 
swimming  across  for  the  last  time,  he  was  observed  to  be 
sinking.  It  is  supposed  he  was  taken  with  cramping  or 
strangling,  for  he  drowned  before  help  could  reach  him. 

Messrs.  Joseph  H.  Weeks,  Walter  and  Nicodemus  Griffith 
came  from  Oneida  County,  N.  Y.  At  Buffalo  they  separated, 
Mr.  Weeks  coming  around  with  his  team,  the  others  by  sloop 
across.  In  fording  the  Tuscarawas,  one  of  the  sons  of  Mr. 
Weeks,  eight  years  of  age,  was  riding  the  lead  horse.  In 
the  middle  of  the  stream  the  horse  stopped,  and  no  urging 
would  induce  him  to  go  forward.  At  last  a  man  called  to 
them  to  turn  up  stream  as  there  was  a  deep  hole  before  them. 
As  the  waters  were  high  at  the  time  they  were  thus  saved 
from  a  serious  mishap.  The  Griffiths  coming  later  were  not 
so  favored,  for  their  horses  got  into  the  hole,  though  the 
waters  had  fallen. 

Mr.  Thomas  Little  arrived  from  New  Jersey  and  settled 
on  Centerville  Street,  Mr.  Gerard  P.  Bancroft,  a  son-in-law, 
coming  with  him. 

Mr.  Lewis  Twining  settled  between  Granville  and  Newark 
on  the  other  side  of  the  creek  from  "dugway,"  where  he 
subsequently  built  a  saw  mill.  Though  living  in  Newark 
Township  his  family  were  identified  with  Granville  and  its 
history. 

It  was  at  this  time  that  the  first  Sabbath  school  of  Gran- 
ville was  started  by  Dr.  Southard,  a  practicing  physician  and 
an  active  Christian  man.  He  did  not  long  remain  a  citizen 
of  Granville..  The  following  year  it  was  continued  by  Mr. 
Sereno  Wright.  It  was  held  in  the  frame  school  house,  and 
the  scholars  were  ranged  around  the  wall  desks,  the  girls  on 
one  side  and  the  boys  on  the  other,  the  house  being  full. 
Beginning  with  the  girls,   Mr.  Wright  gave  to  the  first  the 


GRANVILLE   ALEXANDRIAN    BANK.  107 

first  chapter  of  John,  to  be  committed  to  memory  by  the 
next  Sabbath ;  to  the  next,  the  second ;  which  was  to  be 
ready  the  second  Sabbath ;  then  the  third  for  the  third  Sab- 
bath ;  and  so  on  around  the  circle  until  fifty  or  sixty  chap- 
ters were  assigned.  Next  Sabbath  they  proceeded  to  study 
the  first  chapter;  the  third  Sabbath  the  second  chapter,  and 
so  on.  Very  soon  thereafter  Samuel  Philipps  taught  a  Sab- 
bath school  on  the  Welsh  Hills,  which  met  at  Deacon 
Theophilus  Rees',  and  Leonard  Bushnell  another  in  the  Hill- 
yer  neighborhood  southeast  of  town. 

During  the  year,  Amasa  Howe,  John  Phelps,  Gabriel  War- 
dain  [Werden]  and  Lucius  D.  Mower  were  engaged  on  a 
written  contract  putting  up  a  new  building  in  the  "  village 
of  Irville." 

Immediately  after  the  close  of  the  war  in  1815,  the  Gran- 
ville Bank  was  established.  [See  chap.,  Our  commercial  En- 
terprises.] The  Alexandrian  Society  established  the  bank 
and  built  for  it  the  small  stone  structure  on  the  east  side  of 
the  square  south  of  Broad  ;  Henry  George  and  Joseph  Evans 
doing  the  work  in  connection  with  Wm.  Stedman,  or  under 
him  as  contractor.     [See  cut  in  closing  record.] 

The  first  opening  of  the  quarry  on  Prospect  Hill  was  under 
Esq.  Baker's  direction,  by  one  Morey,  to  obtain  the  stone 
for  this  building.  The  quarry  on  Sugar  Loaf  was  opened 
much  earlier  and  it  furnished  the  stone  for  the  smelting 
stack  of  the  furnace. 

In  the  early  times  change  was  very  scarce.  The  silver 
money  in  circulation  was  of  Mexican  coinage.  To  facilitate 
exchange,  if  a  silver  dollar  could  be  had  it  was  cut  into  four 
equal  quarters  and  each  passed  as  twenty-five  cents.  After 
a  time  some  got  to  cutting  the  dollar  into  five  pieces,  and 
still  each  one  would  pass  for  a  quarter  Though  it  fell  short 
in  value  the  convenience  of  change  supplied  the  deficiency. 
A  man  would  take  it  as  long  as  he  knew  the  next  man  would 
be  glad  to  get  it.  One  man  receiving  such  a  half-moon  fifty 
cent,  piece  was  minded  to  cut  it  into  three  twenty-five  cent 


108  DEATHS   OE  THE   YEAR. 

pieces.  In  cutting  it  up,  one  of  them  flew  under  the  stroke 
of  the  hammer  and  was  never  seen  afterwards.  He  consoled 
himself  that  he  still  had  two  quarters  and  had  not  lost  any- 
thing. When  Mr.  Sereno  Wright  was  County  Treasurer  he 
used  to  receive  these  silver  coin  chippings,  but  only  by 
weight.  There  always  comes  a  time  when  convenience  fails 
to  supplement  honesty  and  things  must  pass  for  their  true 
value. 

It  was  about  1815  that  Elihu  Cooley,  Spencer  Wright  and 
Enoch  Graves  came  out  from  Granville,  Mass.,  on  a  tour  of 
observation,  staid  a  while  and  returned,  going  and  coming 
on  foot.  All  of  them  were  of  the  original  company,  but  had 
not  yet  taken  possession  of  their  land. 

Wm.  Mead  arrived  in  Granville.  He  was  the  father-in- 
law  of  Dr.  Homer  L,.  Thrall,  who  became  quite  noted  as  a 
scientist  and  physician. 

There  were  fourteen  deaths  during  the  year.  Among 
them  were  Mrs.  John  Ward,  February  7th,  aged  47 ;  David 
Butler,  April  3d,  aged  51 ;  Mrs.  Love  Baker,  March  5th,  aged 
81 ;  Hannah  Messenger,  April  19th,  aged  52 ;  Samuel  Thrall, 
May  10th,  aged  55 ;  Christopher  Avery,  September  12th. 


ANNALS,    1816.  109 


CHAPTER  XIX. 

The  year  1816  marks  an  era  in  the  prosperity  of  Gran- 
ville. The  war  had  closed,  having  brought  considerable 
money  into  circulation  in  response  to  the  activities  of  the 
people,  and  immigrants  came  with  increasing  numbers.  The 
land  was  generally  occupied  on  every  side  of  them,  and 
much  of  it  was  under  good  cultivation.  The  roads  were 
well  worked  for  a  new  country,  and  except  where  they  passed 
through  a  tract  that  was  not  held  for  sale  and  therefore  not 
settled,  they  were  good.  Such  an  exception  was  quite 
noticeable  in  the  Newark  road.  As  soon  as  it  passed  the 
farms  of  Judge  Rose  and  Deacon  Hayes  it  entered  the  Hogg 
tract,  and  for  a  long  distance  it  was  not  cared  for.  As  the 
Newark  people  had  little  use,  personally,  for  the  road,  they 
did  not  feel  the  necessity  of  having  it  worked.  But  the 
Granville  people,  being  greatly  dependent  upon  it,  were 
willing  to  work  it,  provided  it  should  be  set  off  to  Granville 
Township.  A  tacit  agreement  was  at  length  arrived  at  that 
this  should  be  done.  Relying  upon  it,  the  Granville  people 
made  a  good  road  through  the  tract,  and  claimed  the  formal 
transfer.  This  was  not  made,  however,  until  Hon.  T.  M. 
Thompson,  of  McKean  Township,  was  a  commissioner. 
The  matter  was  presented  before  the  Board,  and  all  con- 
sented to  recognize  the  understanding  among  the  people, 
and  make  the  legal  transfer.  The  Granville  people  went 
home  satisfied.  After  they  were  gone,  two  of  the  commis- 
sioners wavered,  and  were  about  to  reverse  their  action.  But 
the  third,  Mr.  Thompson,  insisted  on  the  propriety  of  keeping 
their  word,  and  thus  the  Township  of  Granville  was  en- 
larged by  the  addition  of  six  hundred  acres. 

The  congregation  under  Mr.  Harris'  labors  had  outgrown 
the  little  frame  building  in  which  they  had  worshiped  since 
1810.  On  occasions  some  would  be  obliged  to  stand  out  of 
doors  during  service,  and  that  in  cold  weather.     One  even- 


110 


THE   MEETING   HOUSE   OF    1816. 


ing  after  such  an  occasion,  when  even  women  with  infants 
in  their  arms  failed  to  find  room  within,  Mr.  Harris  expressed 
to  Esquire  Baker  the  desire  for  a  better  house  of  worship. 
He  replied  that  a  subscription  for  a  house  would  be  success- 
ful. Next  morning  Mr.  Harris  started  with  a  paper,  seeking 
aid  from  any  and  all,  but  pledging  the  house  to  the  Church  of 
which  he  was  pastor.  The  result  was  a  subscription  which 
finally  reached  $6,000 — in  trade.     Corn,  in  trade,  was  worth 


25  c.  a  bushel,  but  to  buy  cash  goods,  or  pay  cash  debts,  it 
was  worth  only  half  that  sum.  At  the  same  time  nails  cost 
22  c.  and  25  c.  a  pound,  and  glass  $20  a  box.  So  it  took  two 
bushels  of  corn  to  pay  for  a  pound  of  nails,  and  160  bushels 
of  corn  to  buy  a  box  of  glass.  On  this  basis  a  building 
committee  was  appointed,  of  whom  were  Azariah  Bancroft 
and  Augustine  Munson.  The  subscriptions  were  paid  in 
timbers  for  the  frame,  lumber,  labor  or  ought  else  that  men 
could  furnish.  "  There  were  fifty  men  engaged  at  once  in 
framing  timbers,  under  the  direction  of  Major  Pratt." 


THE    MEETING   HOUSE   OF    1816.  Ill 

In  due  time  appeared  an  audience  room  about  45  x  55  feet 
and  20  feet  between  joints,  with  a  gallery  on  three  sides  and 
a  porch  in  front,  over  which  a  steeple  rose  to  the  height  of 
80  feet.  Within  the  porch  two  flights  of  stairs  led  to  the 
hall  overhead,  from  which  double  doors  led  into  the  gallery ; 
and  at  the  west  side  a  door  opened  to  a  long,  steep  flight  of 
stairs  leading  up  to  the  belfry.  Above  the  belfry  was  a 
closed  story  of  ten  feet,  surmounted  by  a  cap  of  six  feet, 
from  which  rose  the  iron  rod  supporting  the  gilt  balls  and 
weather-vane.  In  1837,  this  steeple  became  unsafe  and  the 
upper  part  was  taken  down,  the  belfry  being  capped  over 
with  a  dome.  The  first  weather-vane  was  a  fish.  It  was 
gilded  by  Anthony  P.  Prichard,  who  kept  it  secluded  until 
ready  to  put  in  place.  Covering  it  with  a  coffee-sack,  he 
went  up  to  the  church,  carrying  it  slung  over  his  shoulders, 
mounted  to  the  steeple  and  to  the  spire,  adjusted  it,  and  left 
it  to  surprise  the  citizens. 

Another  instance  of  Mr.  Prichard's  handiwork  was  this: 
Esquire  Baker  was  employed  to  paint  a  sign.  He  went  to  din- 
ner leaving  the  work  unfinished.  Mr.  Prichard  stepped  in  and 
painted  the  next  letter.  The  Esquire  returning,  began  to 
inquire  who  had  meddled  with  his  work.  Anthony  was  obliged 
to  own  up.  n  Well,"  said  Mr.  Baker,  "if  you  can  do  so  much 
better  than  I  can  as  that  is,  you  go  on  and  finish  it." 

The  windows  were  in  two  stories,  of  8  x  10  lights,  twenty- 
four  in  a  window.  The  pulpit  was  high  enough  for  a  man 
to  stand  erect  in  the  recess  under  it,  upon  a  platform 
elevated  one  step  above  the  floor  of  the  house.  It  was  sup- 
ported by  fluted  pillars,  and  on  either  side  were  high,  steep 
flights  of  stairs.  The  body  of  it  was  in  panel  work,  and  it 
projected  forward  in  a  semi-circle,  having  a  Bible  cushion  of 
brown  velvet  with  cord  and  tassels.  In  the  recess  under- 
neath stood  the  chest  which  contained  the  communion  ware. 
Behind  the  pulpit  was  a  wide  window  in  three  sections,  the 
middle  one  being  arched  in  a  semi-circle.  To  the  right  and 
left  were  windows  above  and  below,  in  the  same  range  with 


112 


AN   OLD-TIME   PULPIT. 


the  side  windows.  The  face  of  the  gallery  was  high,  and  it 
was  supported  by  a  row  of  solid,  fluted,  eight-sided  pillars. 
The  finishing  of  the  entire  house  within  was  in  butternut 
wood  and  unpainted. 


This  Is  the  pulpit  in  which  Dr.  Lyman  Beecher  preached  in 
1831.  When  on  his  way  to  Cincinnati,  he  stayed  in  Granville 
several  days.  With  one  of  his  fervid  gestures  he  knocked  one 
of  the  pulpit  lamps  from  its  place,  but  recovered  his  equanimity 
before  it  touched  the  floor  below.  Peering  over  at  the  disaster 
he  remarked,  "Good  enough  for  me!  I  had  no  business  to 
come  up  here  to  preach!  "  Then  going  below  he  finished  his 
sermon. 

The  work  was  under  the  direction  of  Major  Pratt,  Tim- 
othy Spelman,  Esq.,  being  one  of  the  most  experienced 
workmen.  The  latter,  while  working  one  day  upon  a  high 
scaffold,  was  taken  in  an  epileptic  fit,  to  which  he  was  sub- 
ject in  his  latter  days,  and  falling  backward,  would  have 
gone  over  the  edge  of  the  scaffold  had  not  David  Messenger, 
who  was  working  near,  caught  him. 

After  the  house  was  enclosed,  it  was  furnished  with  tran- 
sient seats,  and  began  to  be  used  thus  in  1817.  It  was  not 
plastered  until  182 1,  at  which  time  the  audience  floor  was 


OLD-TIME   PEWS. 


113 


furnished  with  seats  in  the  form  of  square  pews.  A  thousand 
dollars  were  spent  in  these  improvements.  These  pews 
were  generally  about  six  by  seven  feet,  those  in  the  corners 
being  enough  larger  to  admit  of  a  door  beyond  the  abutting 
ranges.  The  wall  pews  were  raised  one  step  above  the  floor 
of  the  house.  The  sides  of  the  pews  reached  nearly  to  the 
shoulders  of  an  adult  while  sitting,  and  quite  above  the 
heads  of  children.  Each  pew  had  about  ten  sittings,  and 
sometimes  accommodated  two  families.  The  mother  would 
generally  have  a  little  "  foot  stove  M  in  cold  weather,  which, 
as  a  great  favor,  would  sometimes  be  passed  to  the  younger 
members  of  the  family.  These  tiny  furnaces,  supplied  with 
coals,  were  all  that  served  to  give  the  comfort  of  warmth  to 
the  congregation  in  the  coldest  weather. 


A  row  of  seats  was  constructed  around  the  front  of  the 
gallery,  for  the  use  of  the  choir.  The  pews  of  the  gallery 
were  not  put  up  until  1829.  They  were  so  high  that  boys 
disposed  to  be  roguish  could  easily  hide  from  observation  and 
give  themselves  to  mischief.  This  license  required  a  tith- 
ing man  (often  pronounced  tidy  man)  to  keep  them  in  order. 

This  was  the  year  of  the  starting  of  the  Granville  Furnace, 
an  enterprise  that,  perhaps,  did  as  much  as  any  one  thing  in 
early  times  to  bring  money  from  abroad  and  put  it  into 
circulation  here,  and  to  give  employment  to  citizens  of  the 
place.     [See  Chapter,  Industrial  Enterprises.] 

At  this  time,  the  spring  which  issued  from  the  east  side  of 
Prospect  Hill,  hard  by  the  Mt.  Vernon  road,  and  fed  the 


114  RELIGIOUS  SOCIETIES. 

great  pond  in  the  northeast  part  of  town,  was  flowing 
copiously.  Thither  the  women  and  girls  used  to  go  to  do 
the  week's  washing,  and  while  the  older  ones  were  busy 
with  the  suds,  the  children  would  sport  with  the  pendant 
grapevines  that  ran  luxuriantly  over  the  trees.  In  early 
times,  the  water  had  been  carried  in  logs,  underground,  to 
the  rear  of  Major  Case's  lot,  and  there  it  came  up  through  a 
two-inch  bore  in  a  generous  stream,  supplying  all  that  part 
of  town.  Near  the  spring  stood  a  cabin,  used  this  year  as  a 
school  house,  the  school  being  taught  by  Luther  Thrall. 

In  early  times,  Sugar  Loaf  was  a  symmetrical  cone,  shaded 
with  a  beautiful  growth  of  beech  trees,  its  surface  unbroken 
by  the  deep  quarries  since  opened  for  stone.  There  came  a 
year  of  great  plentifulness  of  squirrels,  migrating  toward 
the  southeast.  Sugar  Loaf  was  a  great  haunt  for  them.  Men 
and  boys  resorted  thither  with  guns  and  clubs,  and  great 
numbers  of  them  were  killed.  This  kept  "  an  awful  din  " 
of  shooting,  yelling,  and  clubbing,  by  day  and  late  into  the 
night.  One  whose  quiet  was  disturbed  by  the  noise,  went 
one  night  and  cut  down  all  but  two  or  three  of  the  trees 
that  stood  on  the  western  slope  ;  and,  soon  afterward,  the 
quarries  were  industriously  worked  for  building  stone,  and 
the  beautiful  hill  was  left  bare  and  broken. 

On  the  first  day  of  this  year  (1816)  was  formed  the  first 
local  Bible  Society,  auxiliary  to  the  Ohio  Bible  Society,  now 
represented  by  Granville  and  Vicinity  Bible  Society.  During 
the  year  was  formed  The  Female  Charitable  Society.  "  Its 
objects  were  various.  It  clothed  the  poor,  furnished  tracts 
for  the  Sabbath  School,  made  a  cushion  for  the  pulpit,  and 
did  other  good  things  as  occasion  required." 

In  1816,  Joel  Lamson  came  from  Essex,  Vermont;  Hon.  T. 
M.  Thompson,  with  his  son  Robert,  and  Anthony  P.  Prichard, 
David  Pittsford,  the  brothers  Thomas  and  Leonard  Bushnell, 
and  Chauncy  Humphrey,  all  becoming  permanent  citizens. 

The  deaths  of  the  year  were  four,  among  them  :  Araunah 
Clark,  August  1st,  aged  fifty-seven  ;  Moses  Boardman,  Sep- 
tember 29th,  aged  fifty-three. 


ANNALS,  1817-20.  115 


CHAPTER  XX. 

The  business  enterprises  of  1817  were  somewhat  im- 
portant, and  are  described  in  the  chapter  given  to  that 
subject.  They  were  the  forge,  the  salt  works,  the  two  tan- 
neries, and  the  flouring  mill  east  of  town. 

There  was  a  drummers'  school  of  thirty  scholars,  taught 
by  one  Brown,  a  graduate  from  which  became  the  drum 
major  of  his  regiment.  At  the  same  time,  one  Lathrop 
taught  a  school  for  nfers,  which  was  liberally  patronized. 

Mr.  Charles  Sawyer  came  to  the  place  and  opened  a 
saddler's  shop,  gradually  rising  in  business  prominence,  and 
was  active,  at  a  later  date,  in  establishing  the  Baptist  Female 
Seminary. 

Mr.  Elias  Fassett,  also,  became  a  citizen,  then  a  young 
man  of  business  promise  and  training.  His  energy  soon 
carried  him  to  the  front  rank  of  business  men,  and  he  was 
conspicuous  in  most  of  the  important  business  operations  in 
the  place. 

He  was  a  relative  of  Governor  Chittenden,  of  Vermont.  He 
was  only  nineteen  years  of  age  when  he  came  to  Granville.  In 
person,  he  was  short  and  heavy,  could  be  brusque  or  affable  in 
manner,  as  suited  him.  He  left  Granville  for  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
and  thence  went  to  New  York  city,  where  he  engaged  in  bank- 
ing. He  returned  to  Granville  in  1856,  and  for  two  years  was 
President  of  the  Central  Ohio  Railroad.  He  then  retired  to 
his  farm,  south  of  Granville,  where  he  died  suddenly  in  1863. 

Mr.  Gaylord  came,  and  settled  southwest  of  town,  near 
Mr.  Lamson. 

Mr.  Joshua  Stark,  a  young  man  who  had  studied  medicine, 
arrived,  with  Mr.  George  Case,  they  having  fallen  in  com- 
pany on  the  way.  They  united  their  energies  in  the  business 
of  making  brick,  and  it  resulted  in  the  erection  of  eighteen 
or  twenty  substantial  brick  houses  in  the  village  within  a 
very  few  years. 


116  MILITARY  MATTERS. 

Rev.  Timothy  Harris  had  Esquire  Baker  make  him  a 
wagon  box,  handsome  for  the  time,  and  nicely  painted.  The 
first  time  it  was  hitched  to  a  horse  and  brought  home,  he 
had  just  taken  his  little  daughter  out  of  the  wagon,  and 
turned  for  the  moment  away,  when  the  horse  took  fright  and 
ran  through  the  woods,  tearing  the  wagon  to  pieces. 

Prices  at  this  time  ruled  as  follows:  By  the  pound,  sugar, 
25  c;  coffee,  50  c;  tea,  $2.50;  brimstone,  25  c;  pepper,  75  c; 
butter,  16  c;  nails,  22  c;  powder,  $1.00;  iron,  16%  c;  cam- 
bric, $  1.25  a  yard  ;  gum  camphor,  50  c.  an  ounce  ;  a  spelling 
book,  25  c;  whisky,  $1.00  a  gallon  ;  a  cow  and  calf,  $  25.00 ; 
wheat,  $1.00  a  bushel;  corn,  50c. 

In  1818,  military  matters  received  considerable  attention. 
There  were  three  uniformed  companies,  representing  the 
three  arms  of  the  land  service.  From  the  very  first  of  the 
settlement,  military  matters  were  made  prominent  by 
necessity.  The  experience  of  service  in  181 2  gave  zest  and 
held  the  minds  of  the  citizens  to  its  importance.  P.  W. 
Taylor  commanded  a  company  of  cavalry,  Willard  Warner 
one  of  artillery,  and  Timothy  Spelman,  Jr.,  one  of  infantry. 
There  were,  besides,  two  companies  of  militia,  under  Cap- 
tains Myron  Phelps  and  Alpheus  Jewett.  A  small  cannon 
was  cast  at  the  Granville  Furnace,  bored  and  mounted  in 
Granville,  and  was  long  used  by  the  artillery  company.  It 
opened  its  mouth  at  the  Licking  Summit  Celebration,  and 
at  Fourth  of  July  celebrations  for  many  years  after. 

Mr.  Sereno  Wright  became  postmaster  in  place  of  Daniel 
Baker,  Esq. 

Joseph  Blanchard  and  family  arrived  from  Maine,  adding 
much  to  the  industrial  enterprise  of  the  place.  He  settled 
two  miles  north  of  the  village. 

It  was  probably  the  year  of  Mr.  John  Starr's  coming  to 
the  place.  On  the  way  out,  he  had  been  exposed  to  small- 
pox, and  when  he  arrived  the  symptoms  were  appearing. 
The  people  did  not  dare  to  receive  any  of  the  family  to  their 
homes,  or  even  into  the  village.     A  "  pest  house  "  —  a  log 


BENEVOLENCE.  117 

cabin  — was  immediately  built  on  the  hillside,  near  the  creek, 
very  nearly  where  the  present  Columbus  road  leaves  the  vil- 
lage, at  the  intersection  of  Maple  and  Pearl  Streets,  descend- 
ing to  the  bridge.  There  the  family  were  provided  for  in  all 
kindness,  except  that  none  dared  personally  to  minister  at 
his  bedside.  He  recovered,  no  one  else  was  taken  with  it, 
the  family  soon  found  a  home  in  the  western  part  of  the 
village,  and  became  prominent  members  of  the  community. 

The  dead  of  1818  were  eleven,  among  them  :  Mrs.  John 
Jones,  February  25th,  and  Mr.  Chester  Griffin,  a  young 
merchant  of  the  place,  October  2d,  aged  thirty. 

The  most  conspicuous  event  of  1819  was  the  formation  of 
the  Baptist  Church,  for  which  see  Chapter  XXXVI. 

The  Burial  Lot  was  enclosed  by  a  substantial  wall  of 
quarry  stone. 

A  Sabbath  School  Society  was  formed  at  the  house  of  Dr. 
William  S.Richards,  of  which  Dr.  Rood  was  made  president. 

The  spirit  of  benevolence  found  cheerful  exercise  in  send- 
ing aid  to  missionary  laborers  among  the  Indians  of  Georgia. 
Subscription  papers  would  pass  through  the  congregation, 
gathering  products  from  the  farms  and  shops ;  then,  uniting 
their  forces,  they  would  wheel  them  to  Putnam.  There 
Levi  Whipple  &  Company  would  flour  the  wheat  gratis ; 
then  boatmen  would  transport  all  that  gathered  there  to 
Marietta  without  charge ;  and  so  they  were  borne  down  the 
Ohio  and  up  the  Tennessee.  "  In  three  years,  besides  two 
boxes  of  clothing,  things  were  sent  valued  at  $300." 

About  this  time  the  young  people  began  to  exercise  their 
talents  in  public  dramatic  performances.  A  society  was 
formed  and  continued  in  existence  several  years.  Tragedies, 
comedies,  farces  and  comic  songs  were  on  their  programme. 
For  a  short  time  their  exhibitions  were  given  in  the  new 
church,' but  objections  arising  against  this  use  of  the  house, 
they  went  elsewhere. 

There  were  six  deaths  in  1819;  among  them  Mrs.  Chloe 
Hunt,  daughter  of  Justin  Hillyer,  Sen.,  January  nth,  aged 


118 


THE   BRICK   ACADEMY. 


twenty-one  ;  Mrs.  Abi  Wright,  wife  of  Spencer  Wright,  Esq., 
March  22d,  aged  thirty-seven. 

In  1820,  Mr.  Harris'  health  became  such  that  he  could  not 
preach,  and  at  his  request  Rev.  Isaac  Reed  spent  six  months 
with  the  Congregational  Church,  beginning  with  the  month 
of  May.     It  did  not  result  in  a  permanent  engagement. 

As  nearly  as*  can  be  determined,  this  was  the  time  of 
building  the  brick  school  house,  which  long  stood  so  con- 
spicuously against  the  hill  at  the  head  of  Main  Street.  It 
was  two  stories  high,  the  upper  story  being  fitted  up  as  a 


Masonic  Lodge ;  the  lower  being  divided  into  two  unequal 
rooms  for  the  common  schools ;  the  west  room,  where  the 
boys  were  taught,  being  a  little  the  larger,  although  dimin- 
ished by  the  passage  way  to  the  room  above.  Underneath 
the  building  and  in  front  was  a  space  about  eight  feet  deep, 
in  two  compartments,  entered  by  five  archways  in  front  and 
one  at  each  end,  and  connected  by  a  like  archway  in  the 
dividing  wall,  which  was  designed  as  a  market  place,  albeit 
a  market  never  flourished  there.  One  or  two  attempts  were 
made  to  start  such  an  affair,  the  chief  being  about  1835. 
For  a  few  mornings  there  was  a  handsome  display  of  meats, 


NEW  ARRIVALS.  119 

vegetables  and  fruits,  but  discouragement  and  oblivion 
settled  down  upon  the  undertaking  in  about  two  weeks' 
time.  The  inhabitants  preferred  another  system  for  the  sup- 
ply of  their  tables.  In  after  years  the  end  archways  and  two 
of  those  in  front  were  closed  up.  A  stone  wall  was  built  in 
range  with  the  front  of  the  building  for  a  rod  or  two  both 
east  and  west,  opening  just  by  the  building  for  flights  of 
steps  about  five  feet  high,  and  the  surface  was  graded  to  the 
top  of  the  wall.  The  market  rooms  then  became  a  wood- 
house. 

About  this  time,  Messrs.  Abbot  &  Wing  had  charge  of  the 
hotel  in  the  east  end  of  town.  One  winter  day  there  came  in 
an  old  gentleman  in  thin  dress  and  straw  hat,  and  stopped  for 
the  night.  In  the  evening,  being  an  excellent  penman,  he 
amused  the  boys  with  pen-flourishing.  In  his  hat  was  ar  pocket- 
book  and  his  handkerchief  over  it.  At  night  he  slept  on  skins 
on  the  floor.  In  the  morning  he  was  gone  and  he  never 
returned.  As  the  room  he  slept  in  was  to  be  whitewashed  that 
day,  Mr.  Abbott  ordered  it  cleared.  When  the  wall  map  was 
removed,  down  dropped  the  old  man's  pocket  book.  Mr. 
Abbott  found  seventy  dollars  in  money  in  it,  and  the  name  of 
a  Delaware  merchant.  Soon  after  two  men  came  along,  search- 
ing for  the  old  man.  They  identified  the  pocket-book,  and 
found  that  only  three  dollars  of  the  money  were  missing.  They 
hastened  on  to  Newark,  where  they  found  the  mm  at  breakfast. 

In  May  of  this  year  (1820),  Dr.  John  B.  Cooley,  a  nephew 
of  Rev.  Dr.  Cooley,  of  old  Granville,  arrived  and  began  the 
practice  of  medicine,  and  in  the  fall  of  the  year  Dr.  Sylvester 
Spelman  also  arrived  Mr.  Simeon  Reed  entered  the  place 
in  company  with  Mr.  Hubbard,  coming  from  Ludlow,  Vt. 
When  Mr.  Reed  reached  this  place  he  had  a  good  team  and  what 
they  brought  with  it  and  50  c.  in  money.  He  was  an  indus- 
trious man,  giving  his  attention  to  what  promised  most, 
butchering,  teaming,  quarrying  stones.  From  1827  to  I^3° 
he  lived  in  Johnstown,  then  returning  to  spend  his  days 
here. 

It  must  have  been  about  this  time  that  sixteen  pounds  of 
butter  were  given  for  one  yard  of  jaconet,  which  was  wanted 


120  THE   SCARCITY   OF   MONEY. 

in  a  young  bride's  trousseau.  During  the  war,  and  imme- 
diately after,  money  was  plentiful.  But  the  necessities  of 
the  people  soon  carried  it  out  of  the  country  as  the  price  of 
commodities  from  abroad,  and,  the  source  of  supply  not 
continuing,  the  want  of  it  was  soon  felt,  and  all  the  more 
severely  for  the  temporary  flush.  A  subscriber  to  the 
Wanderer  tendered  Mr.  Wright,  the  publisher,  four  bushels 
of  wheat  at  twenty-five  cents  a  bushel  (the  subscription 
price  being  one  dollar  a  year)  for  a  year's  subscription.  Mr. 
Wright  declared  he  would  rather  he  had  brought  a  bag  full 
of  manure  to  put  on  his  garden.  Another  gentleman  hauled 
stone  from  the  quarry  on  Sugar  Loaf  to  the  house  Mr.  Ralph 
Granger  was  then  building  (now  the  residence  of  Mr.  G.  B. 
Johnson),  for  ten  cents  a  load.  It  took  him  three  days  to 
earn  as  many  dollars,  with  which  to  pay  his  taxes.  Another 
young  man,  who  was  over  twenty-one,  found  a  letter  in  the 
postoffice  for  him,  from  the  region  of  friends  in  the  East. 
For  three  months  he  sought  means  to  earn  twenty-fiv.e  cents 
in  hard  cash,  wherewith  to  pay  the  postage,  and  then  gave 
it  up.     He  never  read  that  letter. 

While  this  was  true  with  regard  to  the  scarcity  of  money, 
the  colonists  managed,  by  industry  and  ingenuity,  and  bar- 
tering among  themselves,  to  live  with  comfort ;  and  their 
unsupplied  wants  were  not  very  grievous.  The  home-made 
clothes,  in  frontier  fashions,  were  as  comfortable  as 
metropolitan  styles  would  have  been.  About  this  time,  a 
very  heavy  white  wool  cloth  used  to  be  fashioned  into  a 
close-fitting  overcoat,  with  a  cape  of  fourfold  thickness,  each 
thickness  a  half  finger-length  smaller  than  the  one  under  it, 
thus  shingling  off  a  man's  shoulders  in  receding  layers,  as 
impervious  to  rain  as  the  roof  of  a  house. 

In  1820,  a  subscription  was  raised  further  to  aid  Captain 
a  put »  phelps  in  building  a  dam  across  Raccoon,  above  the 
furnace,  and  digging  a  feed  race  to  his  saw  mill.  The  dam 
was  substantially  built  of  logs,  and  only  about  four  feet 
high.     The  race  was  led  across  the  plain  in  the  track  where, 


DEATHS.  121 

i 

afterward,  the  canal  feeder  was  made.  Soon  after  this, 
Captain  Phelps  became  deranged,  and  his  affairs  passed  into 
the  hands  of  his  son,  Myron,  and  Mr.  Curtis  Howe,  as 
guardians. 

There  were  seven  deaths  in  1820;  among  them:  Mrs. 
Abigail  Boardman,  February  1st,  aged  fifty-one ;  Mrs. 
Damaris  Root,  wife  of  Noble  Root,  June  18th,  aged  thirty- 
seven. 


16 


122  ANNALS,    I82I-22. 


CHAPTER  XXI. 


The  health  of  Mr.  Harris  continued  steadily  to  decline, 
and  he  was  unable  to  preach.  His  last  public  effort  was  to 
examine  several  young  people  for  admission  to  the  church. 
Rev.  Mr.  Wittlesey,  a  teacher  at  Lancaster,  came  and  received 
them  and  administered  the  communion. 

Elder  George  Evans  ministered  occasionally  to  the  Baptist 
Church,  the  congregation  meeting  in  the  Masonic  Hall. 

In  the  month  of  March,  Mr.  Sereno  Wright  commenced 
the  publication  of  The  Wanderer,  a  weekly  folio  sheet,  each 
page  having  a  space  of  10x16  inches  of  printed  matter. 
The  cash  price  of  the  paper  ranged  from  one  to  two  dollars, 
according  to  the  promptness  of  the  subscriber,  and  the 
produce  price  from  two  to  three  dollars. 

When  Mr.  Wright  was  examined  for  admission  to  the  church, 
he  was  asked  as  to  his  belief  in  the  perseverance  of  the  saints. 
u  I  find  abundance  of  Scripture  for  it,  but  some  caution,"  was 
his  reply.  H  Suppose  you  do  wrong,  and  we  come  and  tell  you 
of  it?"  was  the  next  query.  "That  is  just  what  I  want,"  was 
the  frank  reply.  "Suppose  some  of  us  do  wrong,  will  you 
come  and  reprove  us?"  was  the  next  question.  "I'm  afraid 
I  sha'n't!  "  was  his  answer.     Still,  he  was  received. 

November  25th,  Rev.  Ahab  Jinks  preached  his  first 
sermon,  under  an  agreement  to  preach  two  months  on  pro- 
bation. In  about  four  weeks  some  of  the  congregation  were 
so  well  pleased  with  him  as  to  meet  and  give  him  an  outside 
call,  promising  to  send  for  his  family.  The  church,  however, 
did  not  move  in  the  call  until  February  11,  1822. 

In  most  respects,  Mr.  Jinks  stood  in  strong  contrast  with 
Mr.  Harris.  Those  drawn  by  one  might  fail  to  be  influenced 
by  the  other.  Physically,  Mr.  Harris  was  not  strong,  and 
his  last  years  were  marked  by  growing  weakness.  Mr.  Jinks 
was  healthy,  large,  fluent  of  speech,  and  possessed  of  a  fine 


MR.  HARRIS   AND   MR.  JINKS.  123 

voice,  delighting   to  preach   in  the  open  air.     Mr.  Harris 
moved  his  audiences  by  the  deep  fervor  of  his  spirit,  speak- 
ing plain  truths  in  the  utmost  solemnity  of  manner.     Mr. 
Jinks  moved    by  the    eloquent    utterance    of    brilliant   and 
impassioned  periods.     The  friends  of  Mr.  Harris  would  say 
that  Mr.  Jinks  was  too  demonstrative  to  rivet  the  attention 
of  his  hearers  upon  vital  truths,  and  the  friends  of  Mr.  Jinks 
would  say  that  Mr.  Harris  had  the  misfortune  to  have  been 
trained    a    Puritan,    and   to    be    preaching    an    impossible 
standard  of  Christian  life.     Mr.  Harris  might  possibly  have 
been  the  better  for  an  exuberant  enjoyment  of  his  heavenly 
Father's  earthly  blessings.     Mr.  Jinks  might  probably  have 
been  improved  by  a  moiety  of  Mr.  Harris'  conscientiousness 
and  consecration.     The  one  was  thought  to  be  too  severe  on 
one  occasion,  in  administering  chastisement  to  a  lad  who 
was  temporarily  in  his  family,  and  the  other  was  judged  to 
have  violated  the  Sabbath  by  unnecessary  labor.  .  The  one 
extreme  of  ministration  following  upon  the  other,  it  is  not 
wonderful   if,  under  a   lower  standard,  some  men  came  to 
think  of  their  own  religious  standing  more  highly  than  they 
had   been  wont.     So  it  happened   that  Mr.  Jinks  at  once 
moved  the  sympathies  of  a  large  number  who  had  stood 
aloof  from  Mr.  Harris.     Men  of  the  world  were  delighted  to 
hear  him,  and  rallied  around  him  with  their  support.     Even' 
those  who  did  not  go  to  meeting,  were  pleased  with  him 
personally.     One  said,  "  If  you  will  only  go  to  meeting,  we 
will  pay  the  preacher."     The  salary  was  quickly  and  easily 
raised.     A  thousand  dollars  were  raised  to  plaster  and  seat 
the  church  below.     It  was  at  this  time  that  the  plasterers, 
being  godless  men,  imposed  upon  the  church  building  com- 
mittee, by  persuading  them  that  the  plastering  would  be 
ruined  if  the  second  coat  should  be  delayed  until  Monday. 
So  the  work  went  on  all  day  Sunday. 

The  deaths  of  182 1  were  twenty  ;  among  them,  Mrs.  Lydia 
demons,  daughter  of  Judge  Rose  and  wife  of  Wm.  demons, 
March  29th,    aged   twenty-seven;  Hannah,  wife   of  Enoch 


124  FIRST  MAIL   COACH. 

Graves,  June  8th,  aged  forty-four ;  Jervis  Twining,  July  18th, 
aged  forty-four;  Ezra  Perrin,  July  25th,  aged  forty-four; 
Samuel  Everett,  Sen.,  November  1st,  aged  eighty-three : 
Mrs.  Isabella,  wife  of  Doctor  Wm.  S.  Richards,  December 
10th,  aged  thirty ;  Daniel  Warner,  December  30th,  aged 
fifty-seven. 

1822,  Thursday,  March  28th,  Mr.  Harris  died,  after  a  three 
years'  illness.  A  pure  heart  and  a  noble  soul  went  to  his 
rest.     He  builded  well  and  his  works  do  follow  him. 

Rev.  John  Hanover  had  charge  of  the  Baptist  Church  dur- 
ing the  year,  they  still  worshiping  in  the  Masonic  Hall. 

Rev.  Thomas  Hughes,  a  Baptist  clergyman,  came  from 
Wales  and  settled  on  the  Welsh  Hills ;  a  man  of  unblem- 
ished integrity,  an  acceptable  preacher,  and,  withal,  a  master 
workman  in  stone.  Fifteen  years  later  he  introduced  the 
use  of  marble  for  monuments  and  erected  that  of  Col.  Lucius 
D.  Mower,  which  at  the  time  was  a  great  advance  upon  the 
style  of  workmanship  then  in  use. 

This  year  the  first  mail  coach  was  driven  through  Gran- 
ville, running  between  Columbus  and  Newark.  It  was 
driven  by  Giles  C.  Harrington,  the  mail  contractor.  After- 
ward, and  previous  to  1828,  the  line  was  run  by  Mr.  Willard 
Warner. 

Wm.  Paige's  factory  was  erected  a  mile  east  of  town  on 
the  left  bank  of  Raccoon. 

Hon.  Augustine  Munson  became  State  Representative, 
holding  the  position  for  two  years ;  and  Hon.  Thomas  Mc- 
Kean  Thompson  was  County  Commissioner,  and  so  con- 
tinued for  three  years. 

It  was  probably  at  this  time  that  the  farce  of  burying  the 
Newark  Advocate  took  place.  About  seventy  copies  of  the 
paper  were  taken  at  Granville.  The  paper  displeased  its 
Granville  subscribers  on  some  political  ground  and  they 
gathered  all  the  copies  of  the  paper  at  hand,  formed  a  mock 
funeral  procession  and  marched  to  the  beating  of  a  muffled 
drum,  from  the  hotel  to  the  old  parade  ground,  or  further 


BURYING  THE      ADVOCATE. "  125 

east,  and  after  a  speech  by  Jerry  Jewett,  the  papers  were 
buried.  Mr.  Briggs  had  advertised  to  receive  payment  for 
his  paper  in  produce.  The  subscribers  then  gathered  the 
most  inconvenient  kinds  of  produce  they  could  find,  went  to 
Newark,  paid  their  bills  and  stopped  the  paper,  and  the  cir- 
culation in  Granville  was  reduced  from  seventy  to  two. 

Rev.  Mr.  Harting,  a  Methodist,  was  preaching  one  Sab- 
bath to  a  full  audience  assembled  in  Esq.  Gavit's  residence, 
when  a  string  piece  in  the  centre  of  the  floor  gave  way, 
making  a  complete  hopper  of  the  floor,  into  which  all  the 
assembly  glided  in  a  promiscuous  mass,  amid  the  crashing 
of  lumber  and  the  cries  of  the  frightened.  The  noise  was 
heard  over  all  the  town,  but  no  one  was  very  seriously  hurt. 
■  Nineteen  died  in  1822;  of  whom  were  Col.  Oren  Granger, 
January  13th,  aged  thirty-three;  Rev.  Timothy  Harris, 
March  28th,  aged  forty-one ;  Hon.  Jeremiah  R-.  Munson, 
June  9th,  aged  forty-two ;  Elisha  S.  Gilman,  July  13th,  aged 
twenty-eight ;  Capt.  Job  Case,  (suddenly,)  August  24th,  aged 
sixty-three. 


126  ANNALS,    1823-26. 


CHAPTER  XXII. 


In  1823,  occurred  the  famous  circular  hunt  of  Gibbons's 
deadening,  which,  although  outside  the  township,  deserves 
mention  here  as  many  of  the  participants  were  Granville 
men.  The  following  particulars  are  taken  irom  a  "  Pioneer 
Paper"  prepared  by  Rev.  Timothy  W.  Howe. 

A  tract  of  four  miles  square  was  marked  out,  the  lines 
being  blazed  on  the  trees,  with  cross  lines  from  corner  to 
corner,  and  a  center  square  of  eighty  rods  on  each  side. 
The  men  met  at  sunrise,  lines  were  arranged,  signals  ap- 
pointed and  orders  understood.  Hornsmen  were  placed  at 
equal  intervals  all  around  the  lines.  No  whisky  was  allowed 
on  the  ground.  [Why?  Since  everyone  used  whisky.]  The 
first  signal  indicated  that  the  lines  were  in  readiness.  The 
second  commanded  a  simultaneous  advance.  Turkeys  soon 
began  to  fly  over  the  lines  in  flocks,  and  the  rifle  brought 
many  of  them  down.  Deer,  being  startled  from  their  lairs, 
would  fly  to  the  opposite  side  of  the  square,  until  checked 
again.  Three  wolves  were  roused.  As  the  lines  drew 
together,  the  game  would  be  seen  running  parallel  with 
them,  seeking  exit  from  the  cordon  that  was  closing  in  upon 
them.  This  drew  shots  from  every  side,  and  kept  a  con- 
tinuous rattling  of  musketry.  A  huge  black  bear  waked 
up.  As  he  made  his  way  toward  the  lines  on  a  lazy  gallop, 
when  within  twenty  or  thirty  yards  of  them,  fifteen  or  twenty 
guns  were  simultaneously  fired  at  him,  and  he  fell  dead. 
When  the  lines  reached  the  inner  square,  the  men  stood 
almost  touching  one  another,  and  the  lines  were  too  near  to 
permit  promiscuous  firing.  A  half-dozen  of  the  best  marks- 
men were  sent  in,  among  whom  were  Leveret  Butler  and 
Captain  Timothy  Spelman,  to  finish  the  work  of  destruction. 
One  bear,  three  wolves,  forty-nine  deer,  sixty  or  seventy 
turkeys,  and  one  owl,  was  the  list  of  game  taken.     There 


BURLINGTON   CYCLONE.  127 

being  much  more  man  than  game,  the  bear  and  deer,  being 
skinned,  were  divided  into  pieces  of  four  pounds  each,  and 
about  one-third  of  the  company,  by  lot,  drew  a  portion. 
General  A.  Munson,  whose  lot  drew  the  bear  skin,  made  a 
closing  speech  with  his  trophy  wrapped  about  him,  and  at 
sunset  all  dispersed,  satisfied  with  the  day's  work  and  its 
results. 

From  1822  to  1827,  tne  people  of  the  township  were 
extensively  engaged  in  raising  tobacco. 

Prices  were  as  follows :  Flour,  $  5.00  a  barrel ;  cider,  $3.00  ; 
corn,  25  c.  a  bushel ;  apples,  50  c;  fowls,  75  c.  a  dozen  ;  pork, 
8c;  cheese,  6%  c;  best  burial  caskets,  $4.00. 

Deacon  Samuel  Baldwin  died  January  27th,  aged  sixty- 
three  ;  Jerahmeel  Houghton,  September  1st,  aged  forty- 
seven. 

In  1824,  the  present  Methodist  Church  was  built,  where 
the  frame  school  house  had  stood.  It  was  a  frame  structure, 
47  x  35  feet,  and  well  proportioned  in  height.  It  was 
finished  plainly,  and  thus  used  for  many  years.  It  cost 
$1450  —  in  trade. 

Hon.  Samuel  Bancroft  became  Associate  Judge,  in  which 
capacity  he  served  for  twenty-one  years. 

In  1825,  occurred  the  Great  Burlington  Storm,  on  the 
afternoon  of  Wednesday,  May  18th.  As  the  cyclone  passed 
over  the  northern  part  of  the  county,  the  black  cloud  was 
seen  on  the  horizon  by  the  people  at  Granville,  and  a 
humming  noise  filled  the  air.  The  sun  shone  brightly,  and 
the  air  was  quiet,  but  close.  Next  morning  word  came  of 
the  havoc  that  had  been  caused.  Many  were  hurt,  and  one 
youth  was  killed.  He  was  hastening  to  close  the  cabin  door 
as  the  cyclone  struck  the  house.  The  door  was  torn  violently 
from  the  hinges,  and  boy  and  door  were  dashed  against  the 
opposite  side  of  the  room.  Fences  were  prostrated,  and 
stock  was  ranging  through  the  grain  fields.  A  mill  pond 
was  swept  dry,  and  a  log  chain  was  lodged  in  a  tree  top. 
Houses  and  barns  were  demolished.     Every  one  was  in  some 


128  LICKING  SUMMIT   CELEBRATION. 

way  needing  help.  At  once  the  word  spread  through  the 
community.  Granger's  tavern  was  made  the  rendezvous. 
Provisions,  clothing,  blankets,  stores  for  the  sick,  were 
brought  in,  and  wagon  after  wagon  was  loaded  and  started 
for  the  scene  of  suffering.  Men  and  women  hurried  to 
proffer  their  aid  ;  the  women  cared  for  the  wounded  and 
cooked  for  all ;  the  men  put  up  the  fences  and  helped  the 
families  to  temporary  shelters.  Dr.  Cooley  went  up  and 
gave  them  his  professional  services. 

Another  incident  transpiring  outside  of  the  township,  yet 
affecting  the  citizens,  was  the  celebration  at  Licking  Summit 
on  the  Fourth  of  July.  The  occasion  was  the  breaking 
ground  in  the  construction  of  the  Ohio  and  Erie  Canal. 
Governor  DeWitt  Clinton,  of  New  York,  was  there,  and  in 
his  hands  was  the  shovel  that  threw  out  the  first  earth. 
Granville  was  deeply  interested  in  the  project.  The  place 
was  to  be  connected  with  the  main  canal  at  Newark  by  a 
feeder  leading  from  the  Raccoon,  at  Paige's  factory.  It 
was  further  contemplated  to  extend  this  branch,  by  private 
enterprise,  around  by  Captain  Phelps'  saw  mill,  following  his 
feed  race  to  the  creek,  and  then  the  creek  to  the  Lancaster 
bridge,  the  addition  requiring  a  dam,  guard  lock,  lift  lock, 
and  half  a  mile  of  excavation.  This  would  make  the  village 
accessible  from  the  main  canal.  Great  commercial  benefit 
was  expected  from  it.  One  gentleman  enthusiastically 
remarked:  "We  shall  be  a  second  Utica!"  Granville, 
therefore,  was  well  represented.  The  cannon  cast  at  her 
furnace  in  1818  was  there  to  speak  for  her,  in  charge  of  the 
artillery  company.  An  infantry  company  was  on  duty.  The 
Granville  band  was  there  with  its  music.  The  members 
were:  Eliab  Doud,  leader;  Jeremiah  Munson,  Jr.,  and  P.  W. 
Taylor,  clarionets;  Leonard  Humphrey,  hautboy;  Justin 
Hillyer,  Jr.,  Truman  Hillyer,  H.  L.  Bancroft,  Daniel  L. 
Baker,  bassoons ;  and  Hovey  Sawyer,  bass  drum.  They  had 
also  a  military  band,  Justin  Hillyer,  Jr.,  and  Sheldon  Swan 
being  fifers,  and  D.  L.  Baker  and  Chester  Clough,  drummers. 


LAST   BEAR   HUNT.  129 

This  last  band  won  notoriety  that  day  in  playing  against 
that  of  the  Chillicothe  Grays,  bearing  off  the  palm.  Gran- 
ville bore,  in  those  days,  the  reputation  of  furnishing  the 
best  musicians  in  the  State.  The  citizens  did  not  return  to 
their  homes  with  enthusiasm  at  all  diminished.  Most  of 
them  lived  to  see  the  canal  constructed,  many  of  them  taking 
part  in  the  work.  A  few  boats  visited  the  quiet  banks  of 
the  Raccoon,  notably,  one  loaded- with  potatoes  from  Michi- 
gan one  season  of  scarcity  —  about  1838.  Several  transports 
were  built  on  the  feeder,  and  started  on  their  voyage  of  life. 
Flour,  grain,  salted  meats,  and  other  products,  were  shipped 
for  several  years.  But  no  one  has  yet  seen  Utica  arising  on 
the  banks  of  the  great  thoroughfare. 

One  sign  of  progress  appeared  in  the  village.  Messrs. 
William  Wing  and  Ralph  Granger  bought  the  house  of 
George  Case,  which  stood  unfinished  since  1818,  and  pro- 
ceeded to  finish  and  furnish  it  for  a  hotel. 

In  1825  were  twenty  deaths ;  Mrs.  Fidelia  Prichard, 
daughter  of  Elias  Gilman,  Esq.,  and  wife  of  Anthony  P. 
Prichard,  died  September  5th,  aged  twenty-three  ;  Frederick 
Case,  May  10,  aged  forty  eight. 

In  1826,  Messrs.  Charles  French  and  William  H.  Brace 
came  to  St.  Albans  Township  with  their  clock  factory.  [See 
Industrial  Enterprises  for  particulars.] 

In  the  fall  occurred  the  last  bear  hunt  of  the  township. 
A  bear  and  her  two  cubs  were  heard  rustling  the  leaves  in 
the  woods  opposite  the  house  of  Esq.  Baker,  southwest  of 
town.  The  neighborhood  was  aroused,  and  an  onslaught 
made.  The  two  cubs  were  soon  treed  and  shot.  The  old 
bear  was  chased  until  night,  and  again  in  the  morning,  fifty 
men  rallying  and  following  her  trail,  but  without  success. 

Rev.  Azariah  Hanks  preached  to  the  Baptist  Church  one- 
fourth  of  his  time. 

In  August,  Mr.  William  Slocomb,  of  Marietta,  visited 
Granville  in  the  interests  of  the  missionary  cause,  carrying 
forward  the  work  already  noticed  (1819).  Two  organizations 
17 


130  NEW   CHURCHES   FORMED. 

were  effected,  one  for  men,  and  another  for  women.  Some 
wished  a  separate  organization  for  each  faction  in  the  church. 
But  his  sagacity  led  him  to  oppose  it,  and  to  insist  on  united 
effort.  $110.00  were  contributed  to  mission  work  in  1827, 
while  $90.00  were  given  to  other  objects,  in  the  same  time, 
from  the  same  field. 

Early  in  the  year,  that  part  of  the  Congregational  Church 
that  favored  Rev.  Ahab  Jinks  met  and  organized  another 
church,  called  the  First  Presbyterian  Church.  "They  chose 
Sylvester  Spelman,  A.  P.  Prichard  and  S.  G.  Goodrich 
trustees;  Ebenezer  Pratt,  Silas  Winchel,  Levi  Rose  and 
Leonard  Bushnell  elders;  Thomas  M.  Thompson  and  Hosea 
Cooley  deacons."  They  immediately  raised  $310.00  for  a 
salary,  and  employed  Mr.  Jinks  as  pastor. 

May  31st,  the  Second  Presbyterian  Church  was  formed, 
with  sixty- five  members.  Lemuel  Rose,  Amasa  Howe, 
Benjamin  Cook,  Walter  Griffith,  Samuel  Bancroft,  Joshua 
Linnel  and  G.  P.  Bancroft  were  elected  and  ordained 
elders. 

The  rest  of  the  church  remained  Congregationalists,  un- 
willing to  join  either  of  the  above  churches,  but  remaining 
under  the  care  of  Presbytery,  as  a  plan  of  Union  Church. 
This  organization  does  not  appear  to  have  remained  com- 
plete, as  the  old  officers  left  with  the  other  organizations,  and 
none  were  elected  to  their  place. 

Presbytery  received  the  new  churches  to  its  care,  thus 
having  three  on  its  roll  from  the  same  place. 

Mr.  Jinks,  being  dissatisfied  with  this,  withdrew  from 
Presbytery,  seeking  connection  with  the  Protestant  Episco- 
pal Church. 

In  these  circumstances,  many  were  ready  to  sustain  Episco- 
pal services,  though  there  was  as  yet  no  church  of  that  order. 
In  December,  Rev.  Amos  G.  Baldwin  arrived  in  the  place, 
and  held  Episcopal  services  occasionally  for  several  months. 

There  were  fifteen  deaths  during  the  year,  of  whom  was 
James  Doud,  November  nth. 


ANNALS,  1827.  131 


CHAPTER   XXIII. 

The  year  1827  dawned  upon  a  sad  state  of  morals.  There 
were  six  distilleries  in  operation.  The  common  practice 
of  the  farmers  was  to  take  a  load  of  corn  to  the  distillery, 
and  take  home,  in  return,  a  barrel  of  whisky.  There  were 
1700  people  in  the  township,  and  it  is  estimated  that  they 
consumed  ten  thousand  gallons  of  whisky  annually.  There 
were  as  many  as  six  balls  during  the  year,  which  the  young 
people  attended,  one  young  lady  getting  out  of  her  bed-room 
window  to  attend,  contrary  to  the  expressed  wish  of  her 
parents.  u  The  children  of  the  scoffer,  the  swearer,  deist, 
church  member,  deacon  and  minister  all  danced  together. 
Religion  was  neglected.  The  boys,  in  sport,  had  broken  a 
great  proportion  of  the  glass  from  the  church,  and  we  had 
become  a  hissing  and  a  by-word."  This  place  was  spoken 
of  as  "  a  little  town  off  east  of  Columbus,  with  a  great  meet- 
ing house  with  the  glass  broken  out.  While  on  the  Sabbath 
the  taverns  were  full,  the  house  of  God  was  almost  empty." 
[Little's  History.]  In  February,  the  congregation  one  day 
averaged  about  one  person  to  a  pew.  There  were  four 
congregations,  each  claiming  a  right  to  the  meeting  house. 
Besides  these  four,  the  Methodists  numbered  about  one 
hundred,  having  their  own  house,  and  the  Baptists  half 
as  many,  worshiping  in  the  Masonic  Hall.  Only  twenty 
copies  of  religious  papers  were  taken  in  the  township.  Fifty- 
one  families  were  without  the  Bible. 

After  certain  preliminary  meetings,  on  May  9th  an  organiza- 
tion was  effected  for  an  Episcopal  Church  with  the  following 
officers :  Dr.  Wm.  S.  Richards  and  Sylvester  Hayes,  wardens  ; 
Chauncy  Humphrey,  Lucius  D.  Mower,  A.  P.  Prichard, 
Sylvester  Spelman,  Joseph  Fasset,  Wm.  Wing,  Linus  G. 
Thrall,  vestrymen.  They  were  legally  qualified  by  Rev.  A. 
Jinks,  who  was  now  filling  the  office  of  justice  of  the  peace. 


132  ST.  LUKE'S   CHURCH. 

The  corporation  took  the  name  of  "  St.  Luke's  Church  in 
Granville,  Licking  Co.,  Ohio."  Rev.  Mr.  Baldwin  continued 
to  preach  for  them  for  two  years. 

Mr.  Slocomb,  on  the  occasion  of  his  visit  of  the  preceding 
year,  had  suggested  to  the  people  the  name  of  Rev.  Jacob 
Little  as  a  suitable  man  to  become  their  pastor.  The  different 
parties  united  in  inviting  him  to  come  and  see  them.  Rev. 
Jacob  Lindley,  of  Athens,  being  on  the  ground,  seconded 
their  request  in  an  autograph  letter.  Mr.  Little  came  and 
spent  two  Sabbaths  with  them  in  February.  From  that  time 
definite  efforts  were  made  to  harmonize  the  discordant 
elements.  Again  Mr.  Little  came,  June  i,  upon  an  agreement 
to  preach  six  months.  Reconciliations  were  effected,  mutual 
confessions  were  made.  They  met  together  on  Sabbaths  and 
other  occasions  of  religious  meetings.  They  treated  each 
other  with  tenderness.  A  day  of  fasting  was  appointed  and 
observed.  It  was  the  occasion  of  open  confessions  and  tears. 
Instead  of  looking  at  others'  faults,  each  looked  at  his  own. 
There  was  an  "  ambition  to  have  the  privilege  of  giving  way 
to  others."  In  the  fall  a  communion  season  was  held,  in 
which  they  all  united,  and  soon  after  they  united  on  common 
ground  as  a  "  Plan  of  Union"  chuich ;  the  union  being  that 
of  the  Congregational  and  Presbyterian  polity. 

We  have  now  seen  the  origin  of  the  five  churches  which 
have  held  a  leading  place  in  the  community  for  generations. 
Hitherto  the  history  of  the  Congregational  Church  has  been 
so  blended  with  the  history  of  the  place,  even  to  the  use  of 
their  meeting  house  for  all  public  occasions,  that  it  has  of 
necessity  been  woven  into  the  annals.  From  this  point,  the 
history  of  each  will  be  given  in  a  separate  chapter,  and  the 
annals  will  take  less  note  of  ecclesiastical  matters. 

Mr.  Martin  Root  returned  from  the  East  in  the  spring  of 
1827,  with  his  second  wife.  She  brought  with  her  the  con- 
stitution of  a  Ladies'  Missionary  Society,  which  existed  at 
the  place  of  her  eastern  home.  The  constitution  was  adopted 
in  the  formation  of  a  similar  Society  here. 


SELECT  SCHOOL.  133 

Mr.  Little  had  a  class  of  young  ladies  to  whom  he  was 
giving  special  instruction  in  the  higher  branches;  among 
whom  were  Misses  Olivia  Wright,  Mary  Ann  Howe,  and 
Deborah  Sheldon.  Miss  M.  A.  Howe  also  taught  a  select 
school  of  thirty  young  ladies  in  Dr.  Cooley's  office,  which 
stood  just  east  of  Mr.  Harris'  former  residence.  It  was  a 
small  frame  building,  standing  high,  having  a  double  flight 
of  steps  leading  from  the  sidewalk  on  either  side  and  parallel 
to  it.  This  school  has  been  spoken  of  as  the  historical 
beginning  of  Granville  Female  College.  The  building  is  said 
to  be  still  standing,  and  is  the  cabinet  shop  of  Mr.  Harris' 
grandson,  Wm.  Mitchell,  on  Equality  Street,  near  Deacon  G. 
P.  Bancroft's  residence. 

The  construction  of  the  canal  was  this  year  in  active  pros- 
ecution. Several  citizens  of  Granville  took  large  contracts 
in  the  work,  aggregating  $300,000,  which  gave  remunerative 
employment  to  many  others.  Among  the  contractors  or  sub- 
contractors were  Augustine  Munson,  Wm.  Wing,  Lucius  D. 
Mower,  P.  W.  Taylor,  Sylvester  Hayes,  Levi  Rose,  Alfred 
Avery,  Elias  Fasset,  Joseph  Fasset,  Simeon  Reed,  Byron 
Hayes,  Justin  Hillyer,  Jr.,  Curtis  Howe,  Ashley  A.  Bancroft, 
H.  and  D.  Kelley. 

The  canal  was  soon  in  operation  from  Newark  north  to 
Cleveland,  but  further  progress  southward  was  hindered,  for 
a  time,  by  the  deep  cut  below  the  reservoir.  This  made  a 
thoroughfare  of  public  travel  through  Granville.  Passengers 
came  from  the  north  and  east  by  the  N.  Y.  &  E.  and  the  O. 
&  E.  canals  to  Newark,  where  the  four-horse  coaches  of  Neil, 
More  &  Co.  met  them  and  bore  them  onward  through  Gran- 
ville to  Columbus,  Cincinnati,  and  other  points  westward. 
This  continued  to  be  their  route  until  the  National  Road  was 
completed  in  1832-3.  It  was  a  stirring  sight  to  the  novices 
to  see  the  well  trimmed  coaches  come  rolling  into  town  and 
up  Broad  Street  to  the  music  of  the  stage  horn,  and  draw  up 
in  approved  style  at  the  hotel  of  Charles  French  on  the  north 
side  of  Broad,  exchange  mail  at  the  postoffice  and  depart 
again. 


1 34  DEATHS. 

Our  fellow  citizen  Mr.  Sereno  Wright,  became  the  County 
Treasurer,  which  office  lie  filled  acceptably  for  ten  years. 

There  were  twenty-four  deaths  in  the  township  in  1827  5  °f 
whom  were  Win.  Stedman,  Mar.  14th,  aged  forty-four;  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Case,  Mar.  16th,  aged  .sixty-one ;  Mrs.  Julius  Cole- 
man, Aug.  9th,  aged  thirty-nine;  Dea.  Peter  Thurston, Aug. 
29th,  aged  sixty-seven  ;  Mrs.  Amos  Carpenter,  Dec.  2d,  aged 
thirty-seven. 


ANNALS,    1828-30.  135 


CHAPTER  XXIV. 

The  winter  of  1827-8  was  a  peculiar  one.  The  sun  was 
seen  to  shine  but  a  few  times  in  eight  weeks.  No  ice  was 
formed  all  winter,  and  fog  was  the  chief  characteristic  of  the 
weather. 

The  first  Sabbath  of  1828,  was  preached  by  Mr.  Little  the 
first  of  that  notable  series  of  sermons  called  New  Year's 
Sermons.  No  sermon  in  the  year  called  for  half  its  labor  in 
preparation,  and  none  called  together  such  a  crowded  con- 
gregation to  listen  to  it.  When  he  sat  down  to  write  he  had 
before  him  a  pretty  correct  statement  as  to  how  many  pro- 
fane swearers,  Sabbath-breakers  and  drunkards  there  were  in 
the  township,  how  many  did  not  attend  church,  how  many 
adults  were  not  professors  of  religion,  the  statistics  of  the 
Sabbath  School,  and  a  long  list  of  similar  facts ;  then  seizing 
upon  some  prominent  feature  of  the  facts,  he  chose  for  his 
sermon  a  subject  they  would  illustrate,  gave  the  facts  and 
preached  the  sermon.  Every  seat  would  be  occupied,  and 
the  aisles  would  sometimes  be  crowded  with  extra  seats.  It 
was  also  an  inseparable  comcomitant  of  the  sermon  that 
Benevento  should  be  sung  with  the  hymn,  "  While  with 
ceaseless  course  the  sun." 

Elder  Berry  was  preaching  to  the  Baptist  Church,  and 
during  the  year  the  congregation  took  measures  to  erect  the 
meeting  house  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Cherry  and  Broad 
Streets,  which  was  their  home  until  1849. 

One  of  Mr.  Little's  stated  Bible  classes  was  held  on  het 
Columbus  road,  a  couple  of  miles  from  town  in  a  school- 
house.  The  neighborhood  had  rather  an  unusual  number  of 
lawless  spirits  among  its  citizens.  Nevertheless,  it  had  sent 
in  a  written  request  with  more  than  fifty  signatures  that  a 
series  of  twelve  lessons  should  be  given  there,  each  signer 
promising  to  attend  the  course.     Others  had  made  threats  of 


136  A   PLOT   UNCOVERED. 

disturbing  the  meetings,  and  Mr.  Little  invited  Judge  Ban- 
croft to  go  out  with  him  one  evening.  The  night  was  dark 
and  the  roads  muddy.  There  were  some  unruly  demonstra- 
tions, but  nothing  to  interrupt  the  meeting.  But  when  he 
went  out  to  mount  his  horse  he  discovered  something  wrong 
about  his  saddle.  Calling  for  a  light  he  found  that  a  couple 
of  sticks  had  been  tied  to  his  horse's  tail,  a  stirrup  had  been 
loosened,  and  a  pebble  put  under  the  saddle.  His  horse  was 
young,  and  the  design  was  to  have  the  colt  start  up  suddenly, 
throw  the  preacher  and  run  away.  But  a  good  Providence 
uncovered  the  plot.  "  Revival  after  revival  swept  over  that 
place,"  until  it  became  a  religious  neighborhood,  and  was 
soon  after  chosen  as  the  location  of  Granville  College. 

The  first  temperance  society  of  Granville  was  formed  this 
year  (1828),  and  so  far  as  is  known  it  was  the  first  west  of 
the  Alleghanies.  Mr.  Little  says:  "On  the  15th  of  July 
seventeen  men  remained  at  the  close  of  a  religious  meeting, 
and  organized  themselves  into  a  society  of  total  abstinence 
from  ardent  spirits,  [*,  <?.,  distilled  liquors.]  The  signers 
were  almost  frightened  at  themselves  when  they  saw  what 
they  had  done."  At  the  end  of  the  year  there  were  eighty- 
six  members  of  the  society.  Two  merchants  threw  intox- 
icating liquors  out  of  their  list  of  goods,  and  buildings  began 
to  be  raised  without  ardent  spirits. 

"  The  falling  off  in  the  consumption  of  liquors  was  sufficient 
to  alarm  the  interested,  and  such  was  the  irritation  at  the  close 
of  1828,  among  those  who  were  suffering  from  the  declension 
of  drinking,  and  dancing  too,  that  I  did  not  attempt  to  collect 
for  the  New  Year's  Sermon  the  usual  statistics  of  intemperance." 

The  clock  factory  which  had  been  established  in  St.  Albans 
was  removed  to  Granville. 

In  the  spring  of  this  year  Timothy  Spelman,  Esq.,  died. 
Being  with  his  daughter,  Mrs.  William  Wing,  her  husband 
having  a  contract  on  the  canal,  he  was  taken  in  an  epileptic 
fit  and  fell  in  the  fire,  receiving  such  injuries,  before  he  could 
be  rescued^as  resulted  in  his  death. 


SEVENTEEN   YEAR   LOCUSTS. 


137 


Mr.  Thomas  H.  Bushnell  became  County  Surveyor  and 
not  long  after  removed  to  Newark. 

There  were  twenty-six  deaths  during  the  year;  of  which 
were,  Timothy  Spelman,  Esq.,  April  21st,  aged  seventy-two; 
Deacon  Amos  Partridge,  August  20th,  aged  fifty-two  :  Azariah 
Bancroft,  October  25th,  aged  sixty. 

In  1829, tne  seventeen  year  locusts  punctually  renewed  their 
song,  enjoyed  their  brief  existence  and  departed  for  their 
mysterious  haunt  for  another  long  term  of  silence. 

The  school  for  young  ladies,  begun  by  Miss  M.  A.  Howe, 
was  continued  by  Miss  Emma  Little,  who  taught  at  one  time 
in  an  unfinished  chamber,  and  at  another  in  the  office  of  Dr. 
Cooley. 

September  21st,  Elder  G.  C.  Sedgwick,  of  Zanesville,  laid 
the  corner  stone  of  the  brick  Baptist  Church.     It  was  45  x  35 


feet,  with  a  belfry ;  a  gallery  on  three  sides  so  deep  as  to 
leave  rather  small  space  open  in  the  center ;  and  a  porch  in 
front  10  x  20  feet.  The  bricks  were  laid  by  Thomas  Evans. 
The  windows  were  in  two  ranges,  and  the  pulpit  stood  high 
like  the  other  church,  and  like  the  other  churgh  it  began  to 
be  used  before  it  was  finished.  But  it  sufficed  for  very  good 
meetings,  revivals  and  a  growing  church. 

We  reproduce  a  view  of  this  house  to  the  best  of  our  abil- 
18 


138  NEW  BELL  —  TEMPERANCE. 

ity,  having  been  assisted  in  it  by  Mr.  Lucius  Boardman,  for- 
merly a  Granville  boy,  and  now  residing  in  Springfield, 
Illinois. 

There  were  twenty-two  deaths ;  of  whom  was  Mrs.  Abigail 
Sturges,  wife  of  Isaac  Sturges,  August  14th,  aged  thirty- 
seven. 

In  1830  a  new  bell,  made  in  Pittsburgh,  weight  794  pounds, 
cost,  $358,  was  placed  in  the  belfry  of  the  Congregational 
Church.  It  was  the  first  bell  ever  hung  in  the  place,  and 
made  a  marked  impression  on  the  punctuality  of  the  audiences 
at  public  worship  ;  and  as  an  arrangement  was  made  to  have 
it  rung  at  certain  hours  every  day  it  helped  the  entire  com- 
munity to  regularity.  It  was  wont  to  be  rung  at  five  or 
six  o'clock  in  the  morning  for  a  rising  bell,  at  nine  o'clock 
for  school,  at  twelve  o'clock  for  noon,  and  at  nine  o'clock  in 
the  evening  for  curfew.  Sometimes  a  general  subscription 
would  provide  for  this  expense  and  sometimes  the  citizens 
volunteered  to  ring  by  turns,  a  fortnight  each.  At  first  it 
was  hung  with  a  straight  yoke,  requiring  the  utmost  exertion 
of  a  man's  strength  to  ring  it,  and  then  it  shook  the  tall 
steeple  fearfully. 

Besides  the  Total  Abstinence  Society,  now  numbering  400 
members,  there  was  a  paper  circulated  among  those  who 
were  willing  to  pledge  themselves  to  abstinence  only  one 
year.  In  1829  *t  received  ninety  signatures,  in  1830  only 
fifty-five.  Whisky  rations  were  stopped  at  the  furnace  and 
the  consumption  of  spirits  declined  from  six  gallons  to  each 
inhabitant,  to  seven  quarts.  About  half  a  dozen  broke  their 
pledge,  but  renewed  their  promise  again.  At  the  close  of 
the  year  700  were  pledged  to  abstinence. 

•Two  cabins  remained  in  the  village  until  about  this  time ; 
one  at  the  west  end  of  town,  at  the  foot  of  Sugar  Loaf,  and 
on  Broad  Street ;  the  other  in  the  southeast  part  of  town  on 
the  east  side  of  Liberty  Street,  the  home  of  Mr.  Talada. 

At  this  time  there  lived  at  Deacon  Winchel's,  old  Mrs. 
Santee,  widow  of  a  pensioner  of  the   Revolutionary  War. 


FEMALE   SEMINARY.  139 

She  had  five  fingers  and  a  thumb  on  each  hand  and  six  toes 
on  each  foot.  She  had  a  son,  William  Gibbons,  by  a  former 
marriage,  who  was  marked  in  like  manner. 

Mr.  Charles  Sawyer  undertook  the  erection  of  buildings 
for  the  use  of  the  Baptist  Female  Seminary.  Several  lots 
were  secured,  fronting  both  on  Broad  and  Water  Streets,  (see 
chapter,  Baptist  Female  Seminary). 

The  deaths  were  twenty-two ;  among  them  Samuel  Thrall, 
February  ioth,  aged  forty-two,  Mrs.  Miriam  Munson,  widow 
of  Jesse  Munson,  March  5th,  aged  eighty-four.  Mrs.  Munson 
was  one  of  the  oldest  females  that  came  with  the  original 
colony.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Munson,  with  their  children  and  grand- 
children, probably  constituted  the  largest  family  of  residents 
ever  represented  in  Granville. 


140  ANNALS,  1831-33. 


CHAPTER  XXV. 

The  next  year  witnessed  the  beginning  of  what  is  now 
Denison  University,  under  Prof.  John  Pratt,  (see  chapter, 
Denison  University.) 

About  this  time  there  came  to  visit  the  place  a  man  greatly 
interested  in  infant  schools,  Rev.  Eli  Meeker.  He  brought 
with  him  a  little  child  who  sang  sweetly  and  repeated  much 
she  had  learned  by  rote.  He  lectured  on  the  subject  and 
gave  exhibitions  of  the  child's  precocious  attainments ;  and 
notwithstanding  the  severity  of  his  discipline,  manifested 
even  in  public,  he  made  a  strong  impression  in  favor  of  these 
child  schools.  It  was  not  long  before  one  was  begun  by  one 
of  the  most  successful  and  promising  young  lady  teachers, 
Miss  Samantha  Stedman.  It  was  afterward  continued  by 
Miss  Chloe  Harris,  and  still  later  was  engrafted  upon  our 
Female  Academy  as  its  primary  department,  and  in  some  of 
its  distinctive  features  remains  to  this  day.  But  the  singing 
of  lessons,  and  marching  and  clapping  hands  and  much  else 
of  the  kind  have  passed  away. 

Mr.  Bunker  commenced  the  manufacture  of  an  improved 
plow,  (as  related  in  chapter,  Industrial  Enterprises). 

Mr.  Cornelius  Devenney,  a  gentleman  from  Virginia, 
located  just  beyond  the  township  line  in  McKean,  though 
his  social,  religious  and  business  relations  were  chiefly  with 
Granville. 

Miss  Mary  Eells  arrived  from  the  East  and  took  charge  of 
the  Ladies'  School  begun  by  Mr.  Little's  efforts. 

The  dead  of  183 1  were  twenty-two ;  of  whom  were  Andrew 
Goldsbury,  a  young  man,  partner  in  the  Clock  Factory,  Jan- 
uary 2d ;  Mary,  wife  of  Lewis  Sturges,  February  28th,  aged 
sixty-nine  ;  Noble  Root,  May  5th,  aged  fifty-one ;  Israel  Wells, 
April  3d,  aged  seventy-three;  Benjamin  Cook,  April  23d, 
aged  sixty-eight ;    Mrs.  Charles  Sawyer,  August  10th,  aged 


FIRST   STOVES   IN   CHURCH.  141 

thirty-two;  Mrs.  William  H.  Brace,  September  29th,  aged 
thirty-eight ;  Mrs.  Eunice  Richards,  the  mother  of  Dr.  Rich- 
ards, November  19th,  aged  seventy-seven. 

A  noticeable  fact  of  1832  is  the  first  warming  of  the  large 
church  by  stoves  on  the  first  Sabbath  of  the  year,  which  was 
a  communion  day  and  the  occasion  when  sixty-seven  united 
with  the  church.  From  time  immemorial  the  congregation 
had  attended  two  services  a  day,  morning  and  afternoon,  sit- 
ing in  the  cold.  In  the  minds  of  some  it  was  a  desecration 
of  God's  house  to  put  stoves  in  it.  After  decent  resistance, 
however,  the  experiment  was  tried  with  two  common-place 
box  stoves.  They  stood  in  the  center  aisle  ;  one  of  them  near 
the  front  door,  with  the  pipe  passing  around  under  the  edge 
of  the  gallery  to  the  east  and  then  the  north  the  whole  length 
of  the  church,  being  supported  by  the  gallery  pillars,  and  there 
it  passed  directly  through  the  window  on  the  north  side  of 
the  house.  Except  the  first  few  joints  near  the  stove,  the 
pipe  was  made  of  tin  soldered  in  long  strips.  The  other 
stove  stood  near  the  pulpit,  the  pipe  passing  westward  to  the 
gallery  pillars,  and  thence  the  whole  length  of  the  church  on 
the  west  side,  making  its  exit  through  a  south  window.  By 
and  by  the  condensed  smoke  incommoded  those  who  sat 
under  the  pipe  by  dropping  down  upon  them.  This  was 
remedied  by  small  tin  troughs  underneath  the  pipe  with  tiny 
conductors  passing  every  few  feet  down  the  pillars  and  through 
the  floor.  It  was  a  great  improvement  upon  the  cold  church, 
but  it  did  not  banish  the  little  foot  stoves  from  the  pews. 
One  old  gentleman  who  had  opposed  it  strenuously  as  an 
unwarrantable  innovation  and  refused  to  help  defray  the  ex- 
penses, realized  one  cold  day  how  sensible  it  was,  and  came 
to  town  early  next  morning  with  his  money  ready  to  help 
pay  for  it.  Soon  they  improved  the  plan  by  carrying  the  two 
pipes  to  a  drum  in  the  center,  a  large  pipe  going  thence 
directly  up  through  the  ceiling  and  the  roof.  This  saved 
much  inconvenience  from  the  smoke. 

At  this  time  the  old  military  organization  was  at  the  height 


142  GENERAL   MUSTER. 

of  its  glory,  and  the  General  Training  Day  was  quite  an  in- 
stitution. Those  whose  tastes  led  them  to  do  so,  became 
members  of  a  uniformed  independent  company,  and  met  their 
officers  for  drill  with  some  frequency.  The  general  muster 
brought  out  all  these  companies,  and  with  them  the  militia, 
who  drilled  in  citizens'  dress ;  some  of  the  officers  being  in 
uniform  or  wearing  some  insignia  of  their  rank.  The  morn- 
ing of  such  a  day  was  one  of  considerable  excitement. 
Wagons  came  pouring  into  town  loaded  with  men,  women 
and  children.  Here  and  there  was  an  officer  or  private  in 
uniform,  or  a  musician  with  his  instrument.  The  square  in 
the  southeast  part  of  town,  south  of  Equality  Street  and  east 
of  Pearl,  near  the  new  cemetery,  was  an  open  common,  and 
served  as  a  parade  ground.  There  stalls  were  erected  for  the 
sale  of  ginger  bread  and  home-made  beer ;  and  they  drove  a 
thriving  business.  The  forenoon  was  consumed  in  private 
drills,  and  attending  to  the  business  details  of  the  several 
organizations.  These  drills  would  consist  of  the  manual  of 
arms,  marching,  counter-marching,  forming  hollow  squares, 
etc.;  one  peculiar  exercise  being  the  forming,  while  rapidly 
inarching  in  single  file,  of  a  circle  around  their  officers  for 
protection  against  a  sudden  charge  of  cavalry.  The  head  of 
the  column,  on  a  double  quick,  would  wind  about  a  spiral 
curve  inward  to  the  center,  the  file  following ;  then  suddenly 
turning  would  pass  outward  between  the  inward  winding 
lines,  until  the  Captain  would  emerge  again,  all  danger  sup- 
posed to  be  past,  and  lead  his  company  onward,  the  serpent 
coil  unwinding  until  straight  again. 

Early  in  the  afternoon  all  were  astir.  The  various  com- 
panies, each  from  its  rendezvous,  came  inarching  to  the 
parade  ground.  There  they  were  iormed  in  regiments  by 
their  Adjutants,  and  again  the  regiments  into  a  brigade  by  the 
senior  Colonel.  The  Colonel  then  waited  upon  the  Brigadier 
General,  escorting  him  to  the  field,  and  salutes  were  inter- 
changed. A  speech  would  follow  from  some  mounted  officer, 
exhorting  every  man  to  do  his  duty.     The  line  would  then 


AN  ADVENTURE.  143 

form  in  solid  column,  marching  by  platoons,  to  the  music  of 
the  regimental  band  (or  the  Granville  brass  band),  up  Pearl 
Street,  wheeling  into  Broad,  and  up  Broad  until  halted  in 
front  of  the  stores.  The  commanding  officer,  with  nodding 
plume  and  gay  attire,  riding  a  spirited  steed,  was  at  the  head 
of  the  column,  and  scouting  companies  in  full  uniform  flanked 
the  column  in  single  file,  and  brought  up  the  rear  in  platoons. 
After  brigade  drill  they  were  dismissed  in  companies,  having 
made  a  strong  impression  on  the  beholders  that  the  liberties 
of  the  country  were  safe  in  their  keeping.  Each  Captain  led 
his  company  away  for  further  drill  or  business  until  dismissed 
for  the  day. 

The  Baptists  obtained  their  charter  for  the  "  Granville 
Literary  and  Theological  Institution."   [See  special  history.] 

The  act  of  incorporation  for  the  village  of  Granville  passed 
both  houses  of  the  General  Assembly,  the  Senate  Jan.  16th 
and  the  House  Jan.  26th.  The  act  provided  that  upon  the 
first  Monday  of  May,  annually,  the  electors  (white  male  in- 
habitants) shall  meet  and  elect  by  ballot,  one  Mayor,  one 
Recorder,  and  five  Trustees,  freeholders,  who  shall  constitute 
a  Town  Council.  Col.  Chauncy  Humphrey  was  the  first 
Mayor;  Hon.  Samuel  Bancroft,  Recorder ;  Anthony  P.  Prich- 
ard,  Dr.  Wm.   S.   Richards,  Dea.   Gerard  P.   Bancroft,   Maj. 

Grove  Case,  and ,  Trustees.     May  8th,  A.  P. 

Prichard  and  Sam.  Bancrolt  were  appointed  a  committee  to 
draft  a  code  of  laws.  May  14th,  ladders  and  hooks  to  use  in 
case  of  fire  were  ordered.  May  16th,  a  committee  of  safety 
was  appointed  with  power  to  examine  chimneys,  etc.  Ordin- 
ances were  passed  to  regulate  public  shows,  remove  nuisances, 
prevent  the  firing  of  guns,  fast  driving,  intoxication,  etc. 
June  nth,  an  ordinance  to  restrain  mischievous  animals,  etc. 

The  "  Deep  Cut  "  on  the  canal  was  finished,  and  Granville 
was  no  longer  the  thoroughfare  for  travel  it  had  been,  though 
the  stages  passed  through  the  village  until  the  completion  of 
the  National  Road  to  Columbus  in  the  following  year. 

A  number  of    youngsters   found  their  way  one  evening  into 


141  ACCESSIONS. 

the  meeting  house  for  some  diversion  or  other  &  climbed  to  the 
belfry.  On  their  way  up  they  locked  behind  them  the  upper 
passage  door ;  &  by  some  accident,  in  the  thick  darkness  they 
dropped  the  key  &  could  not  recover  it.  There  they  were, 
helplessly  locked  in,  not  liking  to  call  for  aid — perhaps  if  they 
should  call  they  would  call  in  vain.  After  considering  the  sit- 
uation they  concluded  they  must  either  stay  there  all  night  or 
descend  the  lightning  rod.  One  of  the  most  daring  concluded 
to  try  the  latter  alternative.  He  grasped  the  rod  &  looked  over. 
What  if  his  strength  should  fail?  What  if  his  nerves  should 
tremble?  What  if  his  head  should  swim?  But  over  he  went, 
clinging  as  closely  to  the  rod  as  the  lightning  does,  but  descend- 
ing mu  Ji  more  slowly.  Down  he  went  until  he  could  see  noth- 
ing above,  nothing  below,  over  the  edge  of  the  roof,  and  still 
downward.  But  presently  he  came  to  a  break  in  the  rod  which 
the  boys  had  not  before  noticed.  Filled  with  consternation  he 
tried  to  get  back  again.  Hand  overhand  he  clambered  upward, 
but  it  was  too  much  for  him.  What  should  he  do?  Darkness 
yawned  beneath  him  &  he  was  rapidly  making  up  his  mind  to 
be  a  better  boy.  There  was  no  help  for  it — he  must  let  go,  what- 
ever happened.  Expecting  to  break  every  bone  in  his  body  he 
descended  to  the  end  of  the  rod  &  measured  his  length  below, 
&  in  despair  let  go  &  fell — two  inches,  breaking  his  good  reso- 
lutions all  to  pieces. 

The  Asiatic  cholera  was  making  progress  westward,  and 
menacing  all  the  country  along  the  canals.  There  were 
never  any  cases  of  it  in  the  village  of  Granville,  and  but  one 
or  two  in  the  township. 

Dr.  Lyman  Beecher,  on  his  way  from  Boston  to  take  the 
Chair  of  Theology  in  Lane  Seminary,  tarried  here  a  few  days 
and  preached  daily  to  an  overflowing  house. 

Efforts  were  made  to  change  the  county  seat  from  Newark 
to  Granville,  but  they  were  unsuccessful. 

Prof.  Paschal  Carter,  a  young  man  of  twenty-five  years  of 
age,  arrived  and  became  a  worthy  co-adjutor  of  Prof.  Pratt  in 
the  College,  and  a  valuable  citizen.  [See  chapter  on  Gran- 
ville College.] 

Another  notable  accession  to  the  community  was  Horace 
Hamlin.     [See  chapter,  Music  Teachers.] 


A   STAMPEDE.  145 

Mr.  Andrew  Merriman  arrived  and  set  up  a  shoe  factory. 
[See  Industrial  Enterprises.] 

About  this  time  two  prominent  features  in  our  commercial 
life  passed  entirely  away.  Our  merchants  had  for  some  years 
been  buying  up  the  cattle,  hogs  and  horses  of  their  custo- 
mers, sending  the  cattle,  particularly,  in  droves  over  the 
mountains.  It  gave  the  farmers  fresh  incentives  in  one  of 
their  chief  industries.  The  same  energy  brought  back  a 
greater  reward  ;  and  the  merchants  also  in  the  greater  de- 
mand felt  the  incentive  to  enlarge  and  improve  their  stock 
of  goods.  Cattle  from  the  plains  beyond  also  passed  through 
the  village,  creating  demand  for  feed.  These  droves  knew 
no  Sabbath.  Sometimes  it  happened  they  would  be  passing 
through  town  on  Sunday  morning  when  the  bells  were  ring- 
ing for  church,  and  occasionally  it  would  cause  a  stampede. 
The  unaccustomed  sound  would  seem  to  bewilder  the  whole 
drove.  They  would  hesitate,  look  every  way,  grow  excited 
and  fearful ;  some  would  turn  in  their  tracks  and  rush  back ; 
the  drivers  would  ride  among  them,  and  with  shouting  and 
blows  seek  to  turn  them  forward  again.  If  they  did  not  soon 
succeed,  the  whole  herd  would  be  galloping  back  in  an  irre- 
sistible tide.  The  peculiar,  tremulous  motion  of  the  great, 
dense  herd,  like  miniature  billows  of  the  sea,  the  rising  clouds 
of  dust,  the  peril  of  their  drivers  and  of  all  who  might  be 
caught  before  their  blind,  impetuous  rush,  made  it  a  spectacle 
of  true  sublimity. 

The  demand  for  merchandise  had  made  demand  for  trans- 
portation. This  brought  to  our  village  the  visits  of  the  great 
Pennsylvania  land  schooners.  They  were  immense  covered 
wagons,  built  for  carrying  great  loads,  and  were  drawn  by 
four  or  six  horses.  The  teamsters  prided  themselves  on 
making  a  grand  display.  .  Each  horse  was  richly  caparisoned 
and  bore  over  his  shoulders  an  arch  of  little  bells.  The 
driver  always  drove  the  "  nigh  wheel  horse,"  (nearest  the 
wagon  on  the  left  hand).  Sitting  in  state,  swaying  to  and 
fro  with  every  step  of  the  gigantic  animal,  guiding  his 
19 


146  METEORIC   SHOWERS. 

"  leaders''  with  a  single  long  line,  the  great  stately,  tower- 
ing ark  following  majestically  behind ;  the  air  meanwhile 
loaded  with  the  tinkling  of  two  or  three  dozen  bells;  he 
made  a  sight  to  behold.  Youngsters  waited  on  his  track 
with  staring  eyes  and  gaping  mouth,  until  he  drew  up  before 
the  door  at  his  destination.  There  was  an  advertisement 
that  new  goods  had  come  to  town  that  modern  enter- 
prise might  well  envy.  Doors  had  to  be  locked  to  keep 
people  out  until  goods  could  be  arranged,  although  calico  was 
fifty  cents  a  yard. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-eight ;  among  them  Isaac  Sturges, 
December  21st,  aged  fifty-one. 

In  1833,  was  erected  the  two-story  frame  Academy  building 
at  the  southwest  corner  of  Main  and  Fair  Streets,  with  a  stone 
basement  room  used  many  years  as  a  prayer  and  conference 
room  by  the  Congregational  Church.  The  rooms  above  were 
used  by  the  Academy.     [See  special  chapters.] 

Mr.  Chauncy  Humphrey  erected  the  three-story  frame 
building  in  which  for  years  he  carried  on  the  tinning  busi- 
ness. It  was  long  the  only  three-story  building  in  the  place. 
The  frame  was  put  up  by  L,.  Bushnell,  on  a  contract,  for  $300. 

The  one  hundred  and  six  subscribers  who  had  constructed 
the  feeder  extension,  petitioned  the  Legislature  to  take 
possession  of  it,  keep  it  in  repair  and  collect  tolls,  in  all 
regards  as  they  did  with  the  rest  of  the  canal  works,  which 
petition  was  acceded  to. 

Certain  contracts  of  business  firms  at  this  time  show  that 
the  canal  and  this  extension  was  of  benefit  to  Granville. 
Mower  &  Co.  contracted  to  deliver  in  Cleveland  270  bbls.  of 
prime  pork  at  $7.50  per  bbl.,  and  90  cents  for  transportation. 
The  same  firm  at  the  same  time  contracted  for  300  bbls.  salt 
to  be  delivered  to  themselves. 

On  the  morning  of  Wednesday,  Nov.  13th,  occurred  the 
memorable  *phenomenon  of  the  Meteoric  Shower.  There 
were  none  of  the  sharp  reports  or  bursting  balls  or  auroral 
waves  observed  elsewhere.     It  was  but  the  quiet,  gentle, 


STREETS  OF  GRANVILLE.  147 

beautiful,  prolonged  rain  of  glowing  sparks  that  died  as  they 
neared  or  touched  the  ground.  Here,  there,  everywhere, 
they  fell  like  lighted  snow-flakes  at  the  gentle  beginning  of 
a  snow  storm,  each  leaving  a  fine  luminous  track  behind  it. 
The  morning  bell  was  rung  rather  boisterously  in  the  hope  of 
waking  people  up  to  see  the  sublime. spectacle.  Some  were 
panic  stricken  and  expected  the  end  of  the  world.  One  old 
lady  rose,  went  into  the  street  and  shouted  in  terror.  But 
most  of  the  people  appreciated  it  at  once  as  an  unusual 
natural  phenomenon.  It  was  a  season  of  rapt  enjoyment 
until  the  display  was  lost  in  the  rising  day. 

About  this  time,  the  bridge  over  Raccoon  on  the  Columbus 
road  became  unsafe,  the  planks  were  torn  up,  and  only  a  line 
of  them  for  the  use  of  footmen  was  left.  It  is  said  that 
L/everet  Butler  returning  home  late  one  dark  night,  not 
knowing  the  condition  of  the  bridge  and  unconscious  of  his 
danger,  was  borne  safely  across  the  planks  by  his  old  white 
horse.     Next  morning  the  tracks  verified  the  fact. 

The  following  lines,  written  by  Mr.  George  Bliss,  who  so- 
journed here  temporarily  at  the  time,  will  show  how  our 
streets  appeared  to  stranger  eyes.  The  original  ode  had  nine 
stanzas : 

"  Hail!  widely  famed  Granville,  illustrious  town, 
The  residence  both  of  the  fop  and  the  clown; 
Of  greatness  and  littleness,  beauty  and  worth, 
And  all  the  strange  things  that  abide  upon  earth. 

11  How  oft  down  thy  sidewalks  so  artfully  laid, 
As  down  silver  streets  I  have  carelessly  strayed; 
I've  stood  and  securely  looked  down  on  the  mud, 
That  fain  would  have  spattered  me  o'er  if  it  could. 

*'  Here  Liberty  walks  in  her  native  array, 
And  flashes  abroad  the  effulgence  of  day. 
She  lights  up  the  path  of  the  swine  which  we  meet, 
Of  sheep  and  of  cattle  which  herd  in  the  street. 

11  By  the  side  of  the  temple  where  worshipers  go, 
A  fountain  stands  open,  nor  ceases  to  flow, 
Where  the  goose  and  the  duck' hold  their  revels  by  day, 
And  the  bull  frog  at  night  sings  his  musical  lay." 


148  ARRIVALS. 

Mr.  David  Partridge  arrived  from  Vermont,  and  with  him 
Messrs.  Seth  Wetherell,  Seymour  Wood,  and  a  Mr.  Jordan. 

Rev*.  Henry  Carr  began  preaching  to  the  Baptist  Church 
July  27th,  the  first  pastor  whose  entire  time  was  given  to  the 
church. 

There  were  nineteen  deaths  during  the  year.  Horatio  G. 
Mower,  March  29th,  aged  thirty-two ;  Matthew  H.  Critchet, 
April  1st,  aged  fifty ;  Mrs.  Joshua  Linnel,  August  2d,  aged 
forty-two;  Asahel  Griffin,  November  1st,  aged  sixty-six  ;  Mrs. 
Sereno  Wright,  jr.,  December  1st,  aged  twenty. 


ANNALS,  1834.  149 


CHAPTER  XXVI. 

The  year  1834  was  a  memorable  one  for  Granville.  The 
year  opened  with  great  apparent  prosperity.  The  season 
was  an  early  one,  all  nature  smiling  in  verdure,  and  giving 
great  promise  of  harvests.  The  Rev.  George  Denison  began 
his  labors  with  the  Episcopal  Church  in  February,  so  that  all 
the  churches  were  enjoying  regular  means  of  grace.  The 
schools  were  flourishing.  Two  efficient  men  at  the  head  of 
the  Literary  and  Theological  Institute  were  carrying  it 
forward  to  success.  Misses  Grant  and  Bridges  came  in  June 
and  took  charge  of  the  Female  Academy,  and  it  found  its  new 
home  in  the  building  prepared  for  it.  There  were  between 
seventeen  and  eighteen  hundred  inhabitants  in  the  township. 
Money  was  circulating  in  quantities  sufficient  to  make 
business  easy,  and  our  business  men  were  prosperous. 

But  now  begins  a  great  reverse.  Mr.  Little  enumerates 
no  less  than  seven  distinct  forms  of  chastisement  in  which 
Providence  visited  the  place,  some  of  them  common  to  a 
larger  section,  or  the  whole  country ;  others  circumscribed  to 
Granville  and  its  vicinity. 

The  first  of  these  was  financial  embarrassments.  These 
had  two  leading  causes ;  one  general,  the  other  local.  The 
general  cause  was  the  disturbed  system  of  banking  in  the 
country ;  the  other,  the  death  of  Col.  Lucius  D.  Mower  and 
the  settling  up  of  his  large  estate. 

Mr.  Mower  was  born  at  Barre,  Massachusetts,  May  1,  1793. 
He  was  in  early  life  a  carpenter,  and  while  he  lived  he  was  the 
most  competent  and  sagacious  business  man  that  Granville 
produced.  He  naturally  went  to  the  front,  whether  with  his 
brothers,  his  business  associates  or  his  fellow  citizens.  He  was 
foremost  among  his  peers.  He  was  a  practical  man,  a  man  of 
energy,  quick  to  decide,  and  fitted  to  command.  He  would  get 
down,  if  necessary,  among  his  workmen  on  the  ground  to  ex- 
amine the  lower  valves  of  his  bellows,  or  he  could  exhibit  the 


1 50  FROST  —  DROUTH  —  FLOOD. 

most  gentlemanly  manners  in  social  life.  He  was  of  medium 
stature,  slight  build,  and  sanguine  temperament.  Nothing 
waited  where  his  presence  was  felt.  His  energy  quickened 
every  movement  of  those  about  him,  and  those  who  served  him 
had  to  move  with  animation  and  intelligence.  He  was  the 
oldest  in  a  large  family  of  brothers  and  sisters,  all  of  whom 
died  of  consumption.  Failing  health  at  last  led  him  to  seek 
unavailingly  for  recuperation  in  the  climate  of  Florida.  He 
died  at  St.  Augustine  at  the  age  of  forty-one  years. 

For  years  Mr.  Mower  had  been  a  leading  man  of  business 
in  the  community.  His  sagacity  had  guided  the  Furnace 
Company  to  success,  and  his  energy  had  driven  forward  our 
mercantile  enterprises.  Other  men  followed  hard  after  him, 
but  he  can  scarcely  be  said  to  have  had  an  equal.  When  his 
living  influence  was  withdrawn  from  business  circles,  pro- 
duction and  trade  both  felt  the  privation.  But  more  than 
this,  the  withdrawal  of  a  large  amount  of  capital  from  use, 
and  of  money  from  circulation  in  the  settlement  of  his  estate, 
seriously  affected  the  people,  until  other  energies  could  step 
in  and  a  partial  return  of  the  capital  be  effected. 

Another  visitation  was  the  heavy  frost  which  fell  upon 
this  region  on  the  night  of  the  15th  of  May.  The  corn,  the 
early  wheat,  and  almost  all  the  fruit  were  destroyed;  the 
blackberry,  wild  cherry,  and  a  few  currants  being  the  only 
varieties  of  fruit,  large  or  small,  wild  or  cultivated,  that 
offered  any  supply.  Many  wheat  fields  were  plowed  up  or 
turned  to  pasture,  and  the  corn  had  to  be  re-planted. 

A  third  calamity  was  the  drouth  which  immediately 
followed  the  frost,  no  rain  falling  until  July.  The  streams 
almost  vanished  and  the  upland  pastures  and  crops  were 
drying  up.  The  water  in  the  feeder  did  not  suffice  for  trans- 
portation purposes. 

A  fourth  was  the  flood  —  the  memorable  flood !  After 
nearly  seven  weeks  of  drouth,  the  wheat  that  the  frost  had 
left  was  turning  yellow,  the  re-planted  corn  that  grew  on  the 
bottom  lands  was  getting  ready  to  top  out,  and  a  few  had 
commenced  work  in  their  scanty  meadows.     On  the  night 


THE   FLOOD.  151 

following  the  ist  of  July,  about  eleven  o'clock,  the  rain  began 
to  pour  down  in  frightful  torrents,  and  so  continued  for  two 
hours.  For  two  hours  more  it  fell  moderately.  There  was 
one  continuous  glare  of  lightning  and  roar  of  thunder.  The 
reflection  on  the  ground  revealed  the  appearance  of  a  lake  of 
waters.  The  lightning  seemed  to  run  in  all  directions  over 
the  ground.  One  who  had  freight  delayed  in  the  lock  below 
for  want  of  water  to  float  it,  had  been  heard  the  afternoon 
before,  standing  on  the  weight  beam  of  the  lock,  after  an 
ineffectual  attempt  to  float  the  boat  upon  the  upper  level, 
to  wish  it  might  rain  for  twenty-four  hours  as  hard  as  it 
rained  at  Noah's  flood.  The  severity  of  the  rain  that  followed 
made  a  deep  and  serious  impression  upon  him  in  connection 
with  his  expressed  wish.  The  hands  at  the  night  work  of  the 
furnace  had  to  stop  and  protect  the  works  from  the  rising 
waters.  The  moulding  floor  was  flooded.  The  water  was  so 
high  the  water  wheel  would  not  work.  The  blast  was 
checked,  and  the  full  charged  furnace. was  in  danger  of 
cooling  off  and  being  ruined.  Nothing  more  was  seen  of 
that  boat  in  the  lock,  or  its  freight.  The  region  over  which 
this  rain  fell  extended  thirty  miles  up  and  down  the  valley, 
and  twelve  miles  across  it,  Granville  being  in  the  center  and 
experiencing  the  heaviest  fall.  Every  vessel  out  of  doors 
was  full,  so  that  no  accurate  measurement  of  the  fall  could 
be  made.  It  was  variously  estimated  from  one  to  three 
feet.  In  the  morning  the  banks  of  the  stream  were  crowded 
by  people  gazing  on  the  wonder.  The  entire  bottom  was 
flooded.  South  of  the  village  the  Raccoon  tiad  spread  so  as 
to  flow  a  few  rods  into  the  burial  lot.  There  the  citizens 
stood  and  saw  trees,  shrubs,  rails,  crops,  domestic  animals, 
timbers,  boards,  everything  that  could  float,  rushing  madly 
by  with  the  turbid  waters,  and  without  means  to  remedy  or 
save.  Dams  gave  way,  locks  on  the  canal  left  their  moorings, 
bridges  were  floated  from  their  piers.  In  some  places  the 
stream  was  nearly  a  mile  wide,  and  if  bounded  by  hills  within 
a  narrower  bed,  it  went  rolling  by  like  a  great  river.     When 


152  FLOOD   AND   SICKNESS. 

the  water  subsided  it  left  a  wide  track  spread  with  desolation. 
It  was  swept  bare  of  fences,  and  one  could  ride  through  the 
farms  for  miles.  Here  and  there  was  an  accumulation  of 
driftwood,  weeds  and  rails,  the  pile  all  soaked  through  with 
muddy  water.  Farmers  were  searching  for  rails,  some 
claiming  they  could  tell  their  own  rails  by  the  timber,  or  by 
the  peculiar  manner  of  setting  the  iron  wedge  in  splitting 
them.  Others  would  claim  whatever  lodged  on  their  own 
land.  By  this  last  rule  probably  some  of  the  plantations 
below  New  Orleans  fared  as  well  as  some  of  the  farms  along 
the  valley ;  and  the  man  who  took  them  by  the  other  gen- 
erally drew  a  laugh  upon  himself  for  his  conceit. 

The  next  judgment  was  the  sickness.  The  months  of 
July  and  August  were  unusually  warm.  The  filth  of  the 
flood  lay  scattered  over  the  bottom  lands  reeking  in  the  sun. 
Miasm  loaded  the  air,  it  entered  the  homes  of  the  people  by 
day  and  by  night,  they  labored  in  it,  slept  in  it,  ate  in  it, 
traveled,  visited,  lived  in  it,  and  without  remedy.  Sickness 
began  to  increase  immediately.  By  the  ist  of  September 
out  of  four  hundred  and  fifty  inhabitants  of  the  village,  one 
hundred  and  forty  were  sick  with  the  fever.  Some  entire 
families  were  down.  Mr.  Asher's  family  of  eight  were  all 
sick  at  once;  both  parents  and  two  children  died.  In  Mr. 
Little's  family  of  eight,  all  were  sick,  but  not  all  at  once, 
and  three  of  them  died.  All  of  Mr.  Starr's  family  were  sick 
save  one.  The  same  was  true  of  L.  Bushnell's  family  and" 
also  of  L.  E.  Bancroft's  On  the  5th  of  September  there 
were  five  deaths.  The  first  Sabbath  of  October,  it  being 
communion  Sabbath,  so  many  were  sick  that  no  meeting 
was  held  The  Town  Council  ordered  that  the  church  bells 
should  no  more  be  tolled  for  deaths  and  funerals  according  to 
the  custom,  because  the  continual  tolling  drove  business 
away  from  the  town.  The  order  was  obeyed,  but  it  had  an 
effect  contrary  to  that  intended;  for  word  at  once  went  out  that 
the  mortality  of  the  place  was  such  that  they  dared  not  toll  the 
bell,  and  people  staid  away  more  than  ever.     The  physicians 


SPIRITUAL   DECLENSION.  153 

were  worn  out  and  agreed  to  take  the  streets  in  turn,  and 
call  at  every  house.  Some  of  the  streets  having  fewer  on 
the  sick  list  than  others,  they  could  alternately  snatch  a  little 
rest.  All  schools  in  the  village  or  within  a  mile  of  the 
village  were  stopped.  The  morning,  noon  and  evening  bells 
ceased  to  ring  because  the  noise  was  painful  to  the  sick. 
The  streets  were  deserted  of  all  save  the  short  funeral  pro- 
cessions of  ten  or  a  dozen  followers,  and  silence  reigned 
everywhere  but  for  the  moans  of  the  sick  and  the  wails  of 
the  sorrowing.  During  the  year  there  were  eighty-five 
deaths. 

In  the  midst  of  the  sickness,  Rev.  Dr.  Cooley,  pastor  at 
Old  Granville,  who  was  then  sixty-two  years  of  age,  visited 
the  colony  that  twenty-nine  years  before  had  gone  out  from 
his  flock.  The  meeting  was  a  sad  one,  inasmuch  as  he  found 
them  suffering,  sick  and  dying.  But  his  ministrations  at  the 
sick  bed  side  and  at  the  burial  of  friends  was  most  comfort- 
ing to  them.  On  departing  he  received  from  them  the  gift 
of  a  young  horse  all  fitted  out  for  his  horseback  ride  home. 

The  other  two  inflictions  of  which  Mr.  Little  speaks  are 
of  a  moral  nature,  one  of  them  being  an  unusual  religious 
declension.  His  observation  is  that  times  of  great  sickness 
are  distracting  to  the  mind.  Care,  anxiety,  watching, 
irregularity  do  not  foster  habits  of  religious  duty.  That 
which  brings  us  near  to  eternity  does  not  always  make  us 
spiritually  minded. 

That  which  he  mentions  last  needs  to  be  told  in  Mr. 
Little's  own  words,  or  to  some,  and  at  this  day,  it  might  not 
appear  so  plainly  an  infliction  of  evil.  It  was  the  intro- 
duction of  the  anti-slavery  agitation.  His  objection  to  it  is 
not  to  the  fact,  but  the  manner  of  its  introduction. 

Mr.  Thomas  Jones,  whose  sons  have  taken  a  prominent 
position  in  our  community,  arrived  from  Pennsylvania, 
coming  two  years  previously  from  Wales.  Mr.  Ebenezer 
Partridge  also  came  to  the  place  from  Vermont.  The  brothers 
James  and  Eliphelet  Follett,  also  from  Vermont,  arrived  and 
20 


154  DEATHS. 

went  into  the  dairy  business  on  the  Fassett  farms,  pushing 
the  business  with  energy.  Mr.  John  Parker,  a  brother-in- 
law,  followed  them  the  next  year. 

Among  the  eighty-five  deaths  were,  Wm.  H.  Brace,  Jan- 
uary 20th,  aged  thirty-seven;  Joseph  Linnel,  Sen.,  January 
2ist,  aged  seventy-nine;  Eliphas  Thrall,  March  15th,  aged 
sixty-six;  Elder  James  Berry,  July  29th,  aged  thirty-six;  Wm. 
Paige,  September  26th;  John  Starr,  September  21st,  aged 
forty-six;  Mrs.  Lucy  Little,  wife  of  Rev.  Jacob  Little,  October 
2d,  aged  thirty;  John  Asher,  December  14th,  aged  forty-five; 
Lucius  D.  Mower,  at  St.  Augustine,  Florida,  Wednesday, 
February  19th,  aged  forty-one;  John  Starr,  September  21st, 
aged  forty-five. 


ANNALS,  1835-39.  155 


CHAPTER  XXVII. 

The  events  of  1835  come  chiefly  into  some  special  chapter. 
It  was  the  year  of  the  formation  of  the  Welsh  Methodist 
Church.  [Which  see.]  It  was  the  year  of  the  noted  burg- 
lary, which  led  to  the  detection  of  the  perpetrator,  and  the 
cessation  of  a  series  of  burglaries  that  had  been  going  on  for 
some  time.  [See  Our  Criminal  Record.]  Rev.  Edmund 
Garland  arrived  from  Maine  and  commenced  the  Male  Acad- 
emy. [Which  see.]  It  was  the  year  of  Mr.  Theodore  D. 
Weld's  visit  to  Granville.  [See  Anti-Slavery  Excitement.] 
February  19th,  the  charter  for  Granville  Female  Seminary 
was  given.     [Which  see.] 

About  this  time  appeared  a  new  and  very  taking  invention 
in  the  Reflector  Baker.  It  was  made  of  tin,  and  had  two  re- 
flecting surfaces,  which,  as  it  stood  before  the  fire,  threw  the 
heat  from  above  and  below  upon  a  pan  and  its  contents  in 
the  middle.  It  would  bake  bread,  johnny-cake  and  pies, 
roast  a  turkey  or  other  meats,  warm  up  a  meal,  and  perform 
other  culinary  operations  neatly  and  promptly.  It  greatly 
relieved  the  tedium  of  cooking  before  an  open  fire,  and  re- 
mained in  vogue  until  the  cooking  stoves  and  heating  stoves 
banished  the  old-fashioned  open  fire-place. 

The  deaths  were  thirty-seven  ;  among  them,  Mrs.  Daniel 
Shepardson,  March  25th,  aged  fifty-one;  Charles  French, 
July  25th,  aged  forty-five  ;  Mrs.  Clarissa  Palmer,  a  missionary 
among  the  Cherokees,  who,  failing  in  health,  was  on  her  way 
from  her  mission  station  to  friends  in  the  East,  when  she 
reached  Granville  and  could  proceed  no  further,  dying 
September  8th,  aged  fifty  ;  Mrs.  P.  W.  Taylor,  December 
31st,  aged  thirty-one ;  Luna,  wife  of  Ormond  Rose,  Decem- 
ber 28th,  aged  forty ;  Deacon  Lemuel  Rose,  September  13th, 
aged  seventy-one. 

He  was  of  no  more  than  medium  stature  and  rather  mus- 
cular.    His  characteristic  was  firmness  in  his  adherence  to 


156  THE   MEETING-HOUSE   REPAIRED. 

right.  While  the  pulpit  was  vacant,  after  Mr.  Jinks'  term 
of  service,  as  the  audience  one  Sabbath  came  into  church  to 
hear  a  sermon  read,  jthey  found  the  deacons  examining  a 
stranger  to  see  if  it  would  do  to  invite  him  to  preach.  They 
finally  allowed  him  to  take  his  stand  below  the  pulpit  and 
begin  service.  He  had  proceeded  but  a  little  way  when 
something  dropped  from  his  lips  which  they  did  not  approve. 
Deacon  Rose  immediately  sprang  to  his  feet,  saying :  ''There ! 
that  will  do!  no  more!  you  need  not  preach  any  further!" 

And  stop  he  had  to,  while  the  deacons  proceeded  to  con- 
duct an  orthodox  meeting  by  reading  a  printed  sermon. 

The  next  year,  1836,  was  that  of  the  Anti-Slavery  State 
Convention,  and  the  mob  that  sought  to  break  it  up.  [See 
Anti-Slavery  Excitement.] 

The  dead  were  thirty-nine ;  of  whom  were,  Mrs.  Alfred 
Avery,  January  24th,  aged  thirty-three ;  Mrs.  Samuel  Mower, 
March  10th,  aged  sixty-nine  ;  Mrs.  Patty  Nichol,  March  12th, 
aged  fifty ;  Major  Grove  Case,  April  4th,  aged  fifty-seven ; 
Mr.  Enoch  Graves,  April  15th,  aged  sixty-nine;  Mrs.  Deacon 
Walter  Griffith,  May  21st,  aged  fifty-nine;  Deacon  Ebenezer 
Pratt,  September  5th,  aged  eighty-five ;  Daniel  Baker,  Esq., 
December  19th,  aged  seventy-three  ;  Frederick  Cook,  Sep- 
tember 15th,  aged  thirty-six;  Sarah,  wife  of  Benjamin  Cook, 
September  19th,  aged  seventy-three ;  Byron  Hayes,  March 
6th,  aged  thirty-five. 

In  1837,  the  Congregational  meeting  house  was  repaired  at 
an  expense  of  $1,500.  The  old  steeple  was  cut  down  about 
twelve  feet,  all  that  surmounted  the  belfry  being  taken  away. 
This,  being  considered  a  very  difficult  undertaking,  was  suc- 
cessfully accomplished  by  Nathan  Phelps,  with  the  help  of 
Star  Sturges,  in  two  days.  The  old  belfry  was  simply  capped 
over  with  a  dome  covered  with  tin.  The  chief  changes  were 
in  the  audience  room.  The  pulpit  was  cut  down  to  half  its 
former  height,  the  window  back  of  it  was  closed  up  entirely, 
the  space  being  covered  inside  by  a  piece  of  Roman  archi- 
tecture; columns,  two  square  and  two  round  and  fluted, 
standing  on  the  platform,  were  surmounted  by  an  entablature 


THE    FIRST   PIANO.  157 

with  few  ornaments.  The  seat  of  the  pulpit  was  a  sofa, 
made  by  Mr.  Freeman  Haskell.  The  galleries  were  lowered 
in  front,  the  ceiling  underneath  falling  from  the  wall,  where 
it  barely  cleared  the  tops  of  the  lower  windows,  to  the  sup- 
porting pillars  about  two  feet.  The  face  of  the  galleries 
being  also  considerably  less  in  height  than  the  old  one,  the 
entire  audience  could  look  the  minister  face  to  face  without 
obstruction.  The  face  was  an  open  balustrade  of  turned 
pilasters,  behind  which  was  stretched  a  continuous  piece  of 
crimson  camlet.  The  pews  also  gave  place  to  slips,  which 
were  a  trifle  over  six  feet  long.  Of  this  audience  room,  Dr. 
Little,  on  a  leaf  found  among  his  papers,  says :  "  It  had  the 
mechanic  philosophy  of  the  seats  around  the  Grecian  games  ; 
one  row  of  heads  rising  above  another,  so  that  everybody 
could  see  everybody.  The  speaker  not  needing  to  look  up  or 
down,  was  about  equally  at  home  with  all  his  hearers.  It 
was  the  best  speaking  airangement  in  the  State,  if  [not]  in 
the  United  States." 

The  house  then  began  to  be  warmed  by  two  furnaces  in  the 
basement,  which  were  great  box  stoves  enclosed  in  brick 
walls. 

In  1837,  the  Female  Academy  obtained  its  first  piano. 
The  agent  being  East  soliciting  funds,  uninstructed,  pur- 
chased the  piano  and  sent  it  out.  When  it  arrived  "  it  was  an 
elephant  on  their  hands."  The  Trustees  had  no  room  for  it,  no 
teacher  ready  to  give  instruction,  and  probably  no  scholars 
ready  to  take  lessons.  Two  of  them  went  to  Mr.  H.  Hamlen, 
and  proposed  he  should  take  it  into  his  house  and  give  lessons. 
He  replied  that  the  extent  of  his  knowledge  of  the  piano  was 
that  he  once  heard  one  that  was  being  played  as  he  passed  a 
house  in  Boston.  He  had  never  tried  to  play  one.  But  the 
Trustees  would  not  take  no  for  answer,  so  the  instrument 
went  to  his  house.  He  was  then  giving  lessons  in  vocal 
music  once  a  week  in  Lancaster.  A  gentlemen  was  there 
giving  lessons  on  the  piano.  Mr.  Hamlen  procured  an  old 
instruction  book,  received  one  lesson  a  week,  and  returning 


158  SHIN  -  PLASTERS. 

home  handed  it  over  at  once  to  eight  young  lady  pupils.  That 
was  the  beginning  of  the  Granville  Conservatoire  of  Music. 

Knowles  Linnel  being  Mayor  and  Samuel  Bancroft,  Re- 
corder, the  Town  Council  authorized  the  issue  of  u  corpora- 
tion promissory  notes"  ("shin  plasters")  of  the  denomina- 
tions of  50c,  25c,  12 %cy  ioc,  6^c,  and  5c,  the  total 
amount  of  issue  not  to  exceed  $1000 ;  to  be  signed  by  the 
Mayor,  and  to  be  redeemable  at  his  office  in  current  Ohio 
bank  notes,  on  demand.  They  were  issued,  as  they  were  by 
all  other  corporations  around,  to  facilitate  trade,  because  of 
the  exceeding  scarcity  of  silver  money.  They  answered  a 
good  purpose  temporarily,  and  in  due  time  were  redeemed 
and  passed  out  of  use. 

There  were  thirty-eight  deaths  during  the  year ;  of  whom 
were,  Mrs.  Ruhama  Hayes,  wife  of  Deacon  Hayes,  by  acci- 
dent, July  4th,  aged  seventy-one ;  Mr.  Sherlock  Mower,  July 
14th,  aged  forty;  Mr.  Lucius  Cook,  of  small-pox  —  escaping 
from  his  keepers  in  delirium  he  ran  without  clothing  two 
miles  before  he  could  be  taken,  grew  immediately  worse  and 
died,  May  19th;  Miss  Abigail  S.  Smith,  a  teacher  in  the 
Female  Seminary,  May  19th,  aged  nineteen  ;  Mrs.  Miriam 
C.  Nye,  June  21st,  aged  twenty-six;  Margaret  Benjamin, 
January  17th,  aged  ninety-five. 

In  1838,  the  Episcopalians  completed  and  occupied  their 
house  of  worship.  It  was  a  frame  structure,  erected  on  the 
southeast  corner  of  the  public  square,  64x54  feet,  with  a 
steeple.  It  was  finished  exteriorly  in  imitation  of  granite 
blocks,  and  the  interior  finish  was  an  advance  upon  that  of 
the  other  churches.  The  basement  contained  a  very  con- 
venient vestry  room.  The  audience  room  had  a  gallery 
across  the  north  end  over  the  front  door,  which  was  furnished 
with  a  small  pipe  organ,  the  first  and  for  a  long  time  the  only 
one  in  the  place.  There  were  seatings  for  350  persons.  The 
architect  was  a  Mr.  Morgan,  who  about  the  same  time  erected 
the  residence  of  Mr.  Alfred  Avery,  now  Mr.  E.  M.  Downer's. 
The  first  stucco  work  done  in  the  place  was  upon  this  church 


A   SEVERK    DROUTH.  159 

and  by  Mr.  Orren  Bryant,  who  came  to  Granville  in  1835,  an(* 
afterward  lived  a  short  distance  this  side  of  Alexandria.  [For 
a  view  of  this  church,  see  1885.] 

The  Baptists  during  the  year  put  a  bell  of  large  size  in 
their  belfry  ;  and  the  Episcopalians  having  mounted  one  not 
long  after,  the  three  church  bells  began  to  ring  their  Sabbath 
peals  in  unison,  and  so  continued  to  do  for  a  long  time. 

Dr.  E.  F.  Bryan  and  family  arrived  in  Granville  from 
Akron,  in  November.  The  canal  closed  the  day  after  their 
eoods  arrived  in  Newark.  It  was  difficult  at  that  time  to 
rent  a  dwelling,  and  they  spent  the  winter  in  two  rooms  of 
Esq.  Thrall's  house.  In  the  spring,  Rev.  Henry  Carr  shared 
his  house  with  them,  and  in  the  fall  they  found  accommoda- 
tions in  the  house  of  Dr.  Paul  Eager. 

The  year  was  remarkable  for  another  severe  drouth,  little 
rain  falling  for  nine  months  Crops  throughout  the  State 
were  short  and  produce  rose  to  fabulous  prices.  The  public 
springs,  the  wells  and  cisterns  were  often  dry.  This  state  of 
things  led  to  the  digging  of  the  public  wells  and  the  con- 
struction of  a  cistern  which  might  be  used  in  case  of  fires. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-nine ;  among  them,  Lewis  Sturges, 
Jan.  6th,  aged  eighty-one;  Capt.  G.  Werden,  Feb.  2d,  aged 
sixty-two ;  Mrs.  Susanna  Graves,  Feb.  2d,  aged  ninety-one ; 
Samuel  Mower,  Mar.  7th,  aged  seventy-one ;  Martin  Root, 
Mar.  19th,  aged  fifty-six  ;  Mrs.  Ruth,  wife  of  Dea.  S.  Winchel, 
Apr.  19th,  aged  sixty-one;  Dea.  Leonard  Bushnell,  May  1st, 
aged  forty-five  ;  Capt.  Josiah  Graves,  July  5th,  aged  sixty- 
five  ;  Mrs.  Prudence  Tyler,  July  7th,  aged  forty-five. 

In  1839,  the  Episcopalians  purchased  the  Female  Seminary 
of  the  Baptists.     [See  School  Histories.] 

The  deaths  of  the  year  were  twenty-three,  of  whom  were, 
Mrs.  Roswell  Graves,  Mar.  13th,  aged  seventy-six  ;  Mrs.  Wm. 
Gavitt,  Apr.  18th,  aged  seventy-four;  Stephen  Carmichael, 
July  21st,  aged  sixty-five;  Jno.  Phelps,  Sept.  24th,  aged 
sixty. 


160  ANNALS,  1840-50. 


CHAPTER  XXVIII. 

The  year  1840  was  probably  never  equalled  as  a  year  of 
political  excitement.  Granville  was  almost  exclusively  Whig 
in  its  predilections.  Such  processions,  mass  meetings  and 
illuminations  were  never  had  in  this  place  before  or  since. 
Harrison,  the  Whig  candidate  for  President,  being  an  Ohio 
man,  the  buckeye  flourished  as  a  badge  of  his  party.  A  long 
procession  went  over  to  Etna  to  meet  "  Tom  Corwin,  the 
Wagoner  Boy,"  the  candidate  for  Governor,  and  escort  him 
hither.  Frequent  mass  meetings  called  for  long  processions 
and  impressive  displays.  Each  section  vied  with  another. 
Canoes,  whole  trunks  of  trees  fifty  feet  long,  artisans'  shops, 
log  cabins,  were  borne  along  on  wheels  with  banners  and 
flags  without  number.  Songs  were  sung  endlessly.  Bands 
of  music  were  in  constant  requisition,  from  the  brass  band  to 
the  marrow  bones.  Infants  in  their  cribs  would  "  'Rah  for 
Tip!"  A  liberty  pole,  jointed  like  a  ship  mast,  and  again 
with  bands  of  iron,  and  again  and  again,  and  topping  out  with 
a  fishing  rod  and  a  long  streamer,  towered  270  feet  on  the 
village  square.  On  the  4th  of  July  a  procession  of  carriages 
and  wagons  went  to  the  county  seat  to  meet  other  similar 
processions  from  all  parts  of  the  county,  so  long  that  when 
the  van  reached  Newark  the  rear  was  only  just  passed  from 
Granville.  Justin  Hillyer,  Jr.,  John  Huggins,  and  Chas. 
W.  Gunn  were  the  marshals  of  the  day  for  the  Granville 
section  of  the  procession.  As  insignia  they  wore  buck- 
eye hats  with  a  string  of  buckeye  balls  for  hat  bands. 
Buckeye  canes  were  without  number.  One  banner  bore  the 
device  of  a  flourishing  Buckeye  tree  growing  from  a  bank. 
VanBuren  stood  below  on  tip-toe  vainly  endeavoring  to  reach 
the  fruit.  Harrison  stood  on  the  bank  above  within  easy 
reach  of  them,  with  his  arms  folded,  cautioning  him  not  to 
touch    them  —  they  would   give  him  the  staggers.      A  log 


LOG   CABIN    PARADE.  161 

cabin  about  8x15  feet,  built  on  two  sets  of  great  milling 
wheels  with  improvised  axles,  with  a  live  coon  chained  on 
the  roof,  gourds  and  other  belongings  of  the  primitive  cabin 
hanging  or  lying  around,  headed  the  procession,  drawn  by 
thirteen  yoke  of  oxen,  each  ox  bearing  a  flag  with  the  name 
of  a  State  thereon ;  the  oldest  man  in  the  township,  Mr. 
Roswell  Graves,  driving  the  leading  teams,  and  Mr.  David 
Partridge  having  charge.  When  the  election  was  over  an 
evening  of  rejoicing  was  appointed.  All  the  preceding  day 
preparations  went  forward.  Teams  were  dragging  loads  of  dry 
wood  to  the  top  of  Sugar  Loaf  for  a  bonfire.  Another  was  made 
ready  on  the  town  square.  Candles  in  great  profusion  were 
prepared,and  when  darkness  came  all  were  lighted  up.  Almost 
every  window  on  Broad  Street  was  ablaze,  some  with  a  light 
glowing  at  every  pane  of  glass.  This  was  the  last  demon- 
stration of  the  campaign. 

It  had  a  sad  extreme  of  contrast  in  the  following  year. 
Harrison  only  lived  to  perform  the  duties  of  his  office  a 
month  when  the  Nation  was  clad  in  the  habiliments  of 
mourning.  Granville  came  together  again  in  mass  meeting, 
in  the  Congregational  Church,  which  was  shrouded  in  black, 
to  listen  to  a  funeral  oration  pronounced  by  Dr.  Going  of  the 
Theological  Institute.  The  following  hymn  was  sung  on  the 
occasion : 

"  O,  weep  for  the  day  when  our  hero  departed! 

When  he  whom  we  loved,  left  this  earthly  abode; 
He  came  at  our  call,  but  the  patriot  kind  hearted, 
Has  left  us  and  flown  to  the  presence  of  God! 

"  Fame  pointed  her  finger,  the  nation  enraptured 
Called  loudly  upon  him,  he  heard  to   obey; 
He  fought  for  his  country,  our  enemy  captured, 
Death  heard  our  exulting,  and  called  him  away! 

"He  sleeps  now  in  silence;  a  nation  is  weeping; 

He  hears  not  the  sound  of  the  slow  muffled  bell; 
In  death's  cold  embrace  he  is  silently  sleeping, 
The  people  in  sorrow  are  tolling  his  knell." 

To  whom  they  are  to  be  accredited  is  not  now  known. 


162  MARDI   GRAS. 

Maj.  Elisha  Warren  became  State  Representative,  and 
Daniel  Humphrey,  Esq.,  Prosecuting  Attorney,  both  being 
citizens  of  this  place. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-one  ;  of  them,  Rev.  Solon  Putnam, 
May  19th,  aged  thirty-three,  a  relative  of  Rev.  S.  A.  Bronson. 
In  1 841,  occurred  a  pleasant  little  episode  in  our  humdrum 
life.  The  two  academies,  male  and  female,  teachers  and 
scholars,  went  in  procession  of  carriages  to  visit  the  aborig- 
inal works  five  miles  distant,  having  tables  prepared  for  a 
pic-nic  dinner.  Half  a  dozen  orations  were  delivered  by  the 
boys,  and  the  works  were  thoroughly  explored. 

This  was  the  year  of  the  winding  up  of  the  military 
parades  of  Granville.  Perhaps  the  excited  processions,  and 
parades,  and  campaigning  of  the  year  before  had  sated  the 
minds  of  the  people ;  or  perhaps  the  freedom  and  hilarity  of 
the  proceedings  of  1840  had  unfitted  them  for  the  discipline 
of  military  life.  At  any  rate  military  drill  was  out  of  the 
question.  Homer  Werden  was  captain  of  a  militia  com- 
pany, and  had  prepared  a  becoming  uniform  for  his  position. 
On  the  day  appointed  for  drill  he  was  on  hand  and  mustered 
his  company,  but  they  were  too  much  for  him.  His  lieu- 
tenant bore  a  butcher's  cleaver  for  a  sword,  and  a  length  of 
stove  pipe  for  its  scabbard ;  his  color-bearer,  some  nameless 
article  on  a  bean  pole  for  a  flag ;  his  men  of  the  line  were 
armed  with  bean  poles  and  laths  for  muskets,  and  every  con- 
ceivable paraphernalia  was  brought  out  to  make  a  ridiculous 
appearance.  The  captain  humored  the  joke,  led  his  tatter- 
demalions around  the  streets  to  the  amusement  of  the 
villagers,  and  then  disbanded  them. 

August  8th,  an  ordinance  was  passed  by  the  Town  Council 
forbidding  the  selling  of  intoxicating  liquors  of  any  kind  in 
less  quantities  than  one  quart. 

There  were  twenty-three  deaths ;  of  them,  William  Smed- 
ley,  February  12th,  aged  fifty-two;  Mrs.  Andrew  Merriman, 
March  nth,  aged  thirty-six;  George  Case,  May  23d,  aged 
fifty;    Hezekiah   Kilbonrn,  November   22d,  aged   fifty-one; 


TAKING   IN   PART  OF   THE   STREETS.  163 

Electa  Pond,  September  19th,  aged  twenty-eight ;  Jonathan 
Benjamin,  August  26th,  aged  one  hundred  and  three. 

September  19th,  1842,  Rev.  Edmund  Turney  became  the 
pastor  of  the  Baptist  Church. 

March  25th,  an  ordinance  was  passed  by  the  Town  Council, 
permitting  the  taking  in  of  twenty-two  feet  on  Broad  Street, 
ten  feet  on  Main  Street,  and  six  feet  on  other  streets,  in  front 
of  each  lot,  to  be  used  only  as  a  grass  plat,  or  for  setting  out 
plants,  or  shrubbery  of  low  growth,  the  owners  being  re- 
quired to  make  a  gravel,  brick  or  stone  walk,  twelve  feet 
wide  on  Broad  Street,  eight  on  Main  Street  and  six  on  the 
other  streets,  and  to  set  out  a  row  of  trees  in  line,  twelve 
inches  inside  the  outer  line  of  the  walk,  with  suitable  pro- 
tection, and  to  fence  the  ground  taken  in  according  to  pre- 
scribed pattern  or  in  a  manner  acceptable  to  the  Council. 

Corn  sold  for  25  cents,  eggs  at  6%  cents,  hay  #5,  wool  45 
cents,  oats  25  cents,  apples  25  cents. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-seven,  of  whom  were  Mrs.  Azariah 
Bancroft,  January  29th,  aged  seventy-two;  Benjamin  Mower, 
May  21st,  age£  thirty;  Wm.  S.  Martin,  August  16th,  aged 
thirty;  Mrs.  Dr.  Sylvester  Spelman,  September  13th,  aged 
forty-six;  David  Pittsford,  September  30th,  aged  eighty. 

In  1843,  Mr.  Thomas  Blanchard  was  a  County  Commis- 
sioner, and  Hon.  Samuel  White  our  State  Senator. 

About  this  time  occurred  an  incident  that  might  at  first 
sight  seem  more  appropriately  chronicled  under  the  chapter, 
"  Fatal  Accidents."  It  seems  there  had  sprung  up  a  little 
rivalry  that  was  rather  jealous  than  generous,  between  the 
college  boys,  the  college  being  then  on  the  farm,  and  those 
of  -the  village,  as  they  competed  for  the  favors  of  the  fair. 
One  day  the  village  young  men  had  arranged  a  pleasure  ride, 
and  perhaps  with  a  spice  of  triumph  in  their  plan,  their 
drive  was  past  the  college.  The  collegians  saw  them  pass 
and  understood  the  little  chuckle  that  nestled  under  their 
vests,  and  quietly  arranged  a  salute  for  them  when  they 
should  return.     All  the   hats,  handkerchiefs  and  flags  that 


164  A   COLLEGE   PRANK. 

could  be  manned  were  made  ready  for  service.  All  the 
windows  of  the  upper  building  that  stood  on  top  of  the  hill 
fifty  rods  from  the  road  were  thrown  open.  Heads  and  some- 
times feet  protruded.  Long  and  vigorous  was  the  wavmg 
of  signals  as  the  carriages  drew  near.  The  compliment  was 
duly  acknowledged  from  the  road.  But  in  the  midst  of  the 
hilarity,  one  who  sat  in  an  upper  window  with  head  and  feet 
outside,  and  who  seemed  more  anxious  to  attract  notice 
than  the  rest,  was  seen  to  lose  his  balance  and  fall  to  the 
ground.  In  an  instant  every  signal  was  lowered,  every  voice 
was  hushed,  and  the  students  pouring  from  their  rooms, 
gathered  around  and  tenderly  bore  the  crushed  form  of  their 
companion  within  the  building.  The  young  men  in  the 
carriages  giving  the  lines  to  their  fair  companions,  hastened 
up  the  hill  to  proffer  their  sympathy  and  aid.  Breathless 
with  the  haste  of  climbing  they  neared  the  building;  all  was 
as  still  as  the  grave.  As  they  entered  the  hall  there  sat  upon 
the  lower  steps  of  the  stairway  a  stuffed  paddy  of  very 
comical  appearance,  his  left  thumb  pinned  to  his  nose  and 
his  fingers  wide-spread  and  his  right  hand  likewise  in  posi- 
tion, but  all  stone  still.  Instantly  perceiving  that  they  were 
hoaxed,  they  seized  the  image  and  tore  it  to  bits;  and  as 
little  dogs  feeling  the  first  movings  of  the  instinct  for  hunt- 
ing, when  out  looking  for  a  rabbit,  come  upon  a  little  black 
cat  with  a  white  tail,  and  suddenly  leave  the  scene  of  their 
exploits,  dropping  their  tails  between  their  legs;  so  the  boys 
suddenly  bethought  them  how  pleasant  it  would  be  to  be  at 
home.  They  started  briskly  down  the  hill  for  their  carriages, 
while  behind  them  rose  an  uproaious  peal  of  laughter  from 
the  other  paddies,  every  window  becoming  vocal  again  with 
renewed  mirth. 

During  the  year  twenty-eight  died ;  of  whom  were,  Captain 
Simeon  Chester,  February  25th,  aged  seventy-six;  Mrs.  Curtis 
Howe,  July  8th,  aged  seventy-one;  Julius  Coleman,  November 
24th,  aged  sixty-one. 

In  1844,  there  was  a  band  of  music  called  "  The  Buckeye 


THK  BUCKEYE  MINSTRELS.       '     165 

Minstrels,"  that  is  eminently  worthy  of  mention.  The 
members  were  all  yonng  men.  The  instruments  were  violins, 
violoncellos,  double  bass  viol,  flutes,  piccolo,  guitar  and  tri- 
angle. The  music  was  rapid,  well  executed,  and  "just 
delicious."  The  members  were  Shephard  Hamlin,  who 
played  the  guitar  or  bass  viol ;  Joseph  Little,  flute ;  Horatio 
Avery,  flute ;  Frank  Avery,  flute ;  Douglas  Hovey,  piccolo ; 
Munson  Hillyer,  violin ;  Curtis  Hillyer,  violin ;  Levi  Stone, 
violin ;  Wm.  Grow,  triangle  ;  and  a  Mr.  Baker,  a  student,  bass 
viol  or  flute ;  all  expert  performers,  true  amateurs ;  and  they 
practiced  together  until  their  music  seemed  perfect. 

There  were  twenty-five  deaths  this  year;  among  them,  P. 
W.  Taylor,  Jan.  27th,  aged  forty-one ;  Rev.  G.  W.  Griffith, 
Feb.  8th,  aged  thirty;  (Little)  David  Thomas,  Aug.  24th, 
aged  eighty-three ;  John  Bynner,  Nov.  2d,  aged  fifty-nine ; 
Rev.  Jonathan  Going,  D.D.,  President  of  Granville  College, 
Nov.  ^th,  aged  fifty-eight. 

In  1845,  the  name  of  the  Literary  and  Theological  Institu- 
tion was  changed  to  Granville  College. 

The  bell  of  the  Congregational  Church  being  cracked  was 
replaced  by  one  weighing  1064  lbs.,  at  a  cost  of  $190. 

The  road  toward  Columbus  was  changed  as  it  leaves  town, 
going  less  abruptly  down  the  hill  from  the  foot  of  Case 
Street. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-three. 

In  1846,  the  seventeen-year  locusts  returned. 

The  deaths  were  thirty  ;  of  them,  Jerusha,  wife  of  D.  Baker, 
Oct.  9th,  aged  seventy-four. 

In  December  of  1847,  the  Baptist  Church  decided  upon 
building  a  new  house  of  worship,  taking  the  southwest  cor- 
ner of  the  public  square,  the  only  one  not  already  occupied 
by  a  church.  Within  two  years  a  handsome  edifice  was  built 
and  dedicated.  It  is  a  white  frame  house  53  x  72  feet,  an 
audience  room  seating  550,  with  convenient  walnut  slips ;  a 
porch  at  the  entrance,  above  which  is  a  choir  gallery.  In  the 
basement  are  church  parlors  and  kitchen,  and  a  comfortable 


166  A   NEST-EGG. 

room  for  prayer  meetings.  A  tower  rises  above  the  front 
door  in  which  the  citizens  have  placed  a  town  clock  at  a  cost 
of  $800.  The  bell  of  the  old  church  was  removed  to  the  new, 
but  it  had  to  be  replaced  in  a  few  years,  the  last  being  one  of 
the  clearest  and  best  sounding  of  bells. 

During  the  year,  Granville  contributed  the  following  vol- 
unteers to  the  Mexican  War :  J.  A.  Carter,  Thomas  Efland, 
Dick  Ward,  Levi  Hill,  Richard  George  and  James  Matthews. 

The  Granville  Intelligencer  was  started  during  the  year,  a 
very  respectable  sheet  in  size,  general  appearance  and  con- 
tents. It  was  edited  and  published  by  D.  Hunt,  and  continued 
until  1851. 

In  this  or  the  succeeding  year  Messrs.  Horace  Hainlen, 
Charles  Sneider,  teacher  of  vocal  music  in  the  Female 
Academy,  and  Shephard  Hamlen,  with  others  whom  they 
enlisted  in  the  service,  gave  a  concert  of  music  in  the  brick 
Baptist  Church  ;  raising  by  the  means,  forty  dollars  as  a 
contribution  toward  a  town  clock.  This  was  the  nest  eggy 
which,  after  the  new  Baptist  Church  was  erected,  led  to  the 
purchase  of  the  clock  which  still  strikes  the  hours  of  day  and 
night  in  the  tower. 

This  year  there  were  twenty-nine  deaths  ;  Levi  Hayes,  Oct. 
8th,  aged  eighty-four,  and  others. 

In  1848,  there  were  forty  deaths;  among  them,  Mrs.  Anna 
Houghton,  July  19th,  aged  sixty-nine ;  Ezekiel  Wells,  Sept. 
27th,  aged  sixty-two;  Nicodemus  Griffith,  Nov.  21st,  aged 
seventy-seven  ;  Dea.  Walter  Griffith,  Nov.  16th,  aged  seventy- 
nine. 

In  1849,  the  town  was  divided  into  four  wards,  by  Main 
and  Broad  Streets.  The  First  was  the  northwest  quarter, 
the  Second  the  northeast  quarter,  the  Third  the  southwest 
quarter,  and  the  Fourth  the  southeast  quarter. 

In  the  spring,  thirty-two  persons  left  for  California,  under 
the  excitement  of  the  discovery  of  gold ;  some  to  meet  with 
success  and  return  to  their  homes  with  a  handsome  remuner- 
ation for  their  toils ;  others  to  be  disappointed,  and  after  long 


TEETOTAL   PLEDGE.  167 

search  for  wealth  to  return  more  destitute  than  they  went ; 
and  others  still  to  become  permanent  citizens  of  the  new 
country.  Among  them  were  Capt.  H.  Hillyer,  C.  R.  Stark, 
B.  R.  Bancroft,  Jno.  Roberts,  Alonzo  Carter,  Roderick  Jones, 
Evan  Jones,  C.  Carmicael,  Jno.  Williams,  Jno.  Sinnet,  Israel 

Wells,  H.  C.  Mead,  Holmes  Mead,  Lyman  Bancroft, 

Dodge,  Jno.  Owens, Briggs,  Griffith.     This 

company  crossed  the  plains.  Before  reaching  their  destina- 
tion they  were  obliged  to  separate.  Some  of  them  were  short 
of  provisions  ;  teams  gave  out,  and  abandoning  their  outfits, 
they  struggled  on  in  squads,  on  foot,  suffering  great  privations. 
Some  of  them  would  probably  have  succumbed  to  the  hard- 
ships, had  not  those  who  first  got  through,  sent  back  relief, 
which  met  them  several  days  out.     All  finally  got  through. 

A  four-horse  omnibus  began  to  run  between  Granville  and 
Newark. 

The  cause  of  temperance  was  losing  ground.  Of  intoxi- 
cating drinks  there  were  sold  4153  gallons,  being  2960 
gallons  more  than  in  1846. 

The  deaths  were  fifty  ;  among  them,  Mrs.  Dorothy  S.  Mead, 
June  23d,  aged  eighty  eight;  Mrs.  Persis  Follett,  Aug.  29th, 
aged  eighty-two ;  Joanna,  wife  of  Amos  Carpenter,  July, 
aged  fifty-six. 

In  1850,  Hon.  Elizur  Abbott  became  Associate  Judge  in 
the  Common  Pleas  Court,  which  position  he  filled  until  the 
new  constitution  abolished  the  office. 

The  Granville  Temperance  Society  was  re-organized  and 
adopted  the  following  pledge  :  "  We  solemnly  pledge  our- 
selves that  we  will  neither  make,  buy,  sell,  nor  use,  as  a 
beverage,  intoxicating  drinks."  To  this  time  the  pledge  only 
forbade  distilled  liquors  ;  from  this  time  it  includes  fermented 
drinks. 

There  was  an  unpremeditated  battle  with  snow  balls  of 
some  moment,  between  the  students  of  the  Academy  and  the 
boys  of  the  public  school.  The  latter,  in  their  pastimes,  had 
erected  a  snow  fort  of  large  dimensions  on  the  crest  of  Pros- 


168  AN   EXTEMPORANEOUS   SNOW  -  BALLING. 

pect  Hill.  It  was  very  conspicuous  and  the  sports  of  the 
boys  drew  attention  from  the  streets  below.  The  Academy 
boys  formed  t*he  warlike  project  of  taking  the  fort.  They 
formed  a  company  at  mid-day  and  filing  up  the  east  side  of 
the  hill  they  surprised  the  garrison  on  their  left  flank.  After 
a  sharp  conflict  the  garrison  retreated.  But  gathering  strength 
again  they  made  a  counter-charge  and  drove  their  assailants 
from  the  ground,  pursuing  them  down  the  hill  and  almost  to 
the  public  square.  There  the  assailants  made  a  stand;  and 
what  had  been  a  mere  skirmish  now  became  a  pitched  battle. 
The  noise  gathered  crowds  who  eagerly  watched  the  contest. 
The  hour  for  afternoon  school  passed  unnoticed.  It  was  3 
o'clock  before  the  lines  of  battle  were  broken.  A  little  furor 
began  to  be  displayed,  some  of  the  snow  balls  having  ice 
inclosed.  Several  were  severely  wounded.  The  garrison  of 
the  fort  seemed  to  have  held  the  field. 

A  second  exodus  to  California  followed  in  1850.  Most  of 
these  went  by  water.  Of  them  were  Rev.  W-  E.  Ellis,  A.  A. 
Bancroft,  E.  Howell,  R.  Fosdick,  E.  Crawford,  E.  A.  Bush, 
H.  O.  Carter,  Frank  Spelman,  Thomas  Walker,  S.  Buckland, 

Thomas   Owens, Morrison,  John  Owens,  Ph.  Heifner, 

Thomas  Rhodeback,  S.  Thomas,  Ellis  Thomas,  William 
Morgan.  These  incurred  the  dangers  of  detention  on  the 
isthmus ;  some  dying  by  the  way,  others  contracting  linger- 
ing illness,  yet  some  going  forward  to  fair  success. 

The  deaths  were  nineteen  ;  among  them,  Joel  Lamson, 
June  4th,  aged  eighty ;  Mrs  Achsah  Rose,  June  15th,  aged 
eighty-six ;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Ingham,  July  6th,  aged  eighty- 
one  ;  Roswell  Graves,  December  29th,  aged  ninety-three ; 
Mrs.  Mary  Shepardson,  June  5th,  aged  fifty- five. 


ANNALS,  1851-55.  169 


CHAPTER  XXIX. 

The  year  1851  witnessed  a  returning  temperance  wave. 
Only  one  thousand  four  hundred  and  six  gallons  of  spirits 
were  consumed. 

President  S.  Bailey  was  preaching  for  the  Baptist  Church, 
and  under  his  labors  a  revival  visited  the  church,  resulting 
in  fifty  conversions.  The  revival  also  extended  to  the  other 
churches,  affecting  the  entire  region.  Succeeding  this  work 
almost  all  the  prominent  men  of  the  place  were  members  of 
the  churches.  "  With  one  exception,  the  owners  of  our  six 
stores,  the  keepers  of  the  post  and  telegraph  offices,  the 
magistrates  and  town  council,  were  supposed  to  be  Christians." 

In  March  the  Granville  School  Clarion  was  begun  by  S.  N. 
Sanford,  principal  of  Episcopal  Female  Seminary. 

The  Granville  Intelligencer  became  the  Licking  Bee,  and 
was  sustained  for  two  years  as  a  temperance  paper. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-eight ;  of  whom  were  Allen  Sinnet, 
January  6th,  aged  fifty-three ;  Mrs.  Chloe  Mower,  February 
13th,  aged  sixty-eight;  Mrs.  Nancy  Blanchard,  June  25th, 
aged  seventv-nine;  Rev.  Thomas  Hughes,  pastor  of  the 
Welsh  Hills  Baptist  Church,  September  12th,  aged  sixty-six  ; 
Jacob  Reily,  October  3d,  aged  seventy-three  ;  Benj.  Cook, 
April  25th,  aged  sixty-nine. 

In  1852,  the  Granville  Water  Cure  was  established  by  Dr. 
William  W.  Bancroft.  He  erected  buildings  adjoining  his 
residence,  brought  water  in  pipes  from  one  of  the  springs 
under  Prospect  Hill,  embellished  the  premises  and  made 
them  commodious.  He  benefited  many  chronic  cases,  and 
the  reputation  of  the  institution  brought  patients  from  far 
and  near.  With  the  use  of  various  forms  of  the  water  bath, 
the  Doctor  associated  hygienic  treatment  and  systematic 
muscular  exercise,  often  encouraging  a  bed-ridden  patient  to 
summon  courage,  get  up  and  walk. 
21 


170  THE   DOCTORS   DIFFERING. 

An  ordinance  was  passed  protecting  the  purity  of  the 
town  spring. 

"Early  in  1852  there  appeared  among  us  those  who  pre- 
tended to  converse  with  the  dead,  &  in  the  summer  one  of  them 
drew  Sabbath  audiences  on  the  hills.  As  their  responses  were 
not  uniformly  true,  few  at  this  time  believe  that  they  have  done 
good  enough  to  balance  the  evil."     [N.  Y.  sermon.] 

At  this  time  occurred  a  little  joust  between  Mr.  Little  and 
Dr.  Bailey,  President  of  the  College  and  acting  pastor  of 
the  Baptist  Church,  the  memory  of  which  does  not  need  to 
be  perpetuated  in  its  details. 

There  were  twenty-nine  deaths ;  of  whom  were  (Big) 
David  Thomas,  April  17th,  aged  eighty-six;  Dr.  William  S. 
Richards,  May  8th,  aged  sixty-five. 

Dr.  Richards'  public  life  had  all  been  spent  in  this  com 
munity.  Dr.  Bronson  preached  his  funeral  sermon  &  gives  this 
estimate  of  the  man.  '  His  position  in  life  was  one  that  com- 
manded respect  from  all.  His  influence  did  not  come  from  con 
nexions  or  wealth  or  any  remarkable  brilliancy;  but  he  was  a 
good  man,  of  sterling  integrity,  of  sound  judgment,  a  man  of 
firmness,  yet  ready  to  listen  to  others.  He  labored  to  establish 
the  Episcopal  church  that  there  might  be  means  of  grace  for 
many  of  his  associates  who  would  not  attend  any  of  the  exist- 
ing churches.  He  was  a  man  of  strong  faith  &  enlarged  benev- 
olence, &  adhered  to  the  last  to  the  true  faith  of  the  gospel. 
Then,  too,  I  consider  to  be  the  foundation  of  his  influence  on 
others  his  unquestionable  integrity,  the  soundness  of  his  judg- 
ment, the  goodness  of  his  heart,  the  strength  of  his  faith  &  the 
depth  of  his  piety.' 

Hon.  Daniel  Humphrey  became  the  first  Judge  of  Probate 
under  the  new  Constitution,  residing  in  Newark. 

November  15,  1853,  there  was  a  ball  which  excited  "  more 
interest  than  any  one  since  the  4th  of  July  ball  of  1828." 

The  deaths  were  22  ;  Mrs.  Aaron  Pratt,  February  9th,  aged 
eighty-six  ;  Harrington  Howe,  September  5th,  aged  thirty- 
three;  Mrs.  Eliza  Bynner,  September  21st,  aged  fifty- 
nine;  Noah    Hobart,  April   18th,    aged  seventy-three;  Jan- 


THE    HYDRAULIC   COMPANY.  171 

uary    18th,    Deacon    Amasa    Howe.      He   came  to    Gran- 
ville in  1814. 

He  long  and  faithfully  served  the  Granville  Church  as 
deacon.  Three  of  his  sons  have  spent  long  lives  in  the 
ministry.  He  was  a  soldier  of  the  Revolutionary  War, 
and  was  tall  and  strongly  built.  In  early  days  he  lent 
a  neighbor  a  cross-cut  saw,  who  left  it  out  where  he  used  it 
until  it  was  wet  and  rusty.  The  deacon  having  occasion  to 
use  it,  had  to  go  for  it.  Seeing  its  condition  he  told  the  man's 
wife  he  should  charge  her  husband  fifty  cents  for  the  abuse 
of  the  saw.  He  was  scarcely  at  home  when  the  man  came 
chasing  after  him  very  much  excited.  "  I  thought,"  said  he, 
"  that  you  professed  to  be  a  Christian  man !"  "  So  I  do," 
said  the  deacon,  "  and  one-half  my  religion  consists  in  bring- 
ing such  fellows  as  you  are  to  justice." 

1854.  The  new  and  commodious  public  school  building 
was  erected,  and  the  old  brick  " Academy"  at  the  head  of 
Main  Street  was  taken  down. 

August  10th,  a  meeting  of  citizens  was  held  to  consider  the 
feasibility  of  water  works  for  the  supply  of  the  village.  At  a 
subsequent  meeting  an  association  was  formed,  called  "  The 
Granville  Hydraulic  Company. "  A  constitution  was  adopted, 
the  proposed  capital  was  divided  into  thirty  shares  of  $100 
each  ;  a  Board  of  Directors  was  appointed,  also  a  Superin- 
tendent. They  drew  the  water  from  a  copious  spring  two 
miles  west  and  north  of  town.  It  was  enclosed  with  bricks 
and  covered  with  boards  Pipes  were  laid  in  water  lime 
cement  along  the  Lower  Loudon  and  Worthington  roads,  to 
Sugar  Loaf,  where  a  reservoir  received  the  supply,  and  thence 
it  was  conducted  through  the  village. 

The  deaths  of  this  year  were  thirty-three  ;  among  them, 
Mrs.  Hiram  Rose,  August  16th,  aged  eighty-three  ;  Samuel 
Thrall,  November  19th,  aged  sixty-one ;  Jemima,  wife  of 
Joseph  White,  once  a  slave,  August  31st,  aged  fifty-eight; 
Captain  William  Mead,  November  24th,  aged  eighty-four; 
Dr.  Paul  Eager,  July  27th,  aged  eighty-one  ;  Mrs.  Harriet 
Aylsworth,  March  2d,  aged  fifty-seven. 


172  GRANVILLE  JUBILEE. 

In  1855,  occurred  the  "  Granville  Jubilee."  The  story  of 
this  celebration  cannot  be  better  told  than  by  extracts  from 
Mr.  Little's  account  of  it,  published  at  the  time  in  the  C.  C. 
Herald,  of  date  November  22,  1855.     It  was  held  in  October. 

11  The  17th  ult.  was  a  great  day  for  Granville.  Arrangements 
had  been  made  to  secure  the  attendance  of  Timothy  M.  Cooley, 
D.  D.,  of  Granville,  Mass.,  in  whose  house  of  worship 
was  organized^  fifty  years  ago,  the  Church  of  Granville,  Ohio. 
By  10  *4  a.  m.  a  great  audience  was  collected  from  Homer,  Hart- 
ford. Columbus,  Circleville,  &  wherever  the  sons  &  daughters 
of  Granville  had  scattered. 

"  After  invocation,  the  90th  Psalm  was  read,  "Lord,  Thou 
hast  been  our  dwelling  place  in  all  generations."  The  choir 
then  sang  in  their  best  style,  the  575th  hymn, 

H  Wake  the  song  of  jubilee," 

"Prayer  was  then  offered  by  Rev.  S.  W.  Rose,  whom  Dr. 
Cooley  baptized  fifty-five  years  ago.  *         *         *         * 

*         *         No  sooner  had  the  doctor  ended  a  brief  reply 
to  his  introduction  to  the  audience,  then  the  choir  struck  up 

The  Welcome 

Of  the  people  of  Granville,   Ohio,  to  their 
Venerable  Friend, 

Dr.  Cooley. 

Composed  for  the  occasion,  by  Jerusha  M.  Pond,  of 
Wrentham,  Mass. 

"  With  joy  as  to  a  cherished  home, 
In  houshold  bands  the  people  come, 

To  bid  thee  welcome  here; 
Blessings  to  thee  and  thine  be  given, 
And  may  the  gracious  smiles  of  Heaven 

Our  happy  meeting  cheer! 

"  Here  various  tastes  and  ages  blend; 

The  young  and  old,  and  friend  with  friend 

In  social  groups  we  see; 
Sweet  children,  too,  are  gathering  round, 
And  in  their  little  hands  are  found 

Tokens  of  love  lor  thee. 


THE  JUBILEE.  173 

"  Thrice  welcome,  sire!     Our  sons  behold 
The  friend  of  whom  their  fathers  told, 

And  taught  them  to  revere; 
O,  bless  them  in   thy  Master's  name, 
And  his  unfailing  love  proclaim 
To  every  listening  ear. 

11  Walk  round  our  Zion,  now,  and  tell 

Her  strength,  and  mark  her  bulwarks  well, 

On  every  hand  we  see; 
New  Ebenezers  help  us  raise, 
Lifting  our  voice  in  grateful  praise, 

In  songs  of  jubilee. 

'*■  Thankful  for  what  our  Lord  hath  done, 
Still  to  the  throne  we  daily  come, 

Yet  greater  things  to  see; 
And  there  the  tear  in  secret  falls, 
As  on  his  God  the  Christian  calls, 

In  earnest  prayer  for  thee. 

"  May  Jesus  bless  and  make  thee  wise 
In  training  souls  for  yonder  skies, 

'Till  life  and  labor  cease; 
Then  to  thy  everlasting  rest, 
In  spotless  robes  of  glory  dressed. 

Go  thou  in  perfect  peace." 

"The  Doctor  preached  a  long  sermon,  embracing  the  history 
of  the  mother  Church,  down  to  the  emigration  of  the  daughter. 
Without  glasses,  he  read  his  manuscript  in  a  clear,  distinct  & 
full  voice.  After  announcing  the  text,  Zach.  1:5,  "Your 
fathers!  where  are  they?"  He  informed  his  audience  that  he 
stood  between  the  living  &  the  dead — that  the  number  now 
living  in  his  parish  was  the  number  that  had  died  out  of  it  dur- 
ing his  ministry.  ******** 

"Stopping  in  the  midst  of  his  discourse  to  rest,  the  choir 
sang  "  Pilgrim  Fathers." 

"  He  went  on  to  describe  the  origin  of  the  mother  church,  its 
ministers  &  its  men  &  women,  who,  fresh  from  the  great  awak- 
ening of  1740,  gave  character  to  it,  &  laid  up  example  & 
prayers  for  their  descendants.  ***** 

"The  concluding  prayer  was  offered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Burton,  of 
the  Baptist  Church,  some  of  whose  members  are  from  the  old 
Granville  Stock.     The  44th  Psalm  was  sung, 

"Lord,  we  have  heard  thy  works  of  old." 


174  THE  JUBILEE. 

1 '  The  Choir  introduced  the  exercises  of  the  evening,  by  singing, 

"  I  have  set  watchmen  upon  thy  walls." 

"After  Dr.  Cooley  had  offered- prayer,  the  pastor  gave  a 
history  of  the  daughter  Church,  now  fifty  years  old.  He 
named  the  one  [two,  ?]  hundred  and  seventy-six  emigrants, 
who,  in  1805,  in  seven  companies,  came  on  in  ox  wagons.  Of 
these,  two  hundred  and  two  had  died,  &  the  fifty-two  heads  of 
families  had  all  died  but  the  five  survivors  present.  *         * 

"The  Choir  sang, 

"  This  is  my  rest  forever." 

"Full  of  emotions,  the  venerable  guest  arose  to  give  his 
paternal  advice  to  the  generations  before  him,  now  entering  on 
their  second  half  century,  &  spoke  about  twenty-five  minutes. 
*  *  #  "He  concluded  by  saying  'This  is  our  last 
meeting  on  earth,  you  will  soon  hear  of  my  decease,  &  I  shall 
soon  be  numbered  with  my  fathers.  I  will  make  the  appoint- 
ment for  our  next  meeting  at  the  right  hand  of  the  Judge. 
Who  will  meet  me  there?     Will  you  all  agree  to  be  there?  ' 

"Rev.  Dr.  Hall,  President  of  the  University,  offered  the 
concluding  prayer. 

"Mr.  H.  Hamlen,  the  Chorister,  &  his  son,  accompanied 
with  a  melodeon,  sang 

Dr.  Cooley's  Farewell. 

Composed  for  the  Occasion,  by  Mrs.  L.  H.  Sigourney  of  Hartford,  Conn. 
"It  is  the  last  time,  brethren, 

That  in  communion  sweet, 

Hither,  in  pastures  green,  shall  turn 

Your  aged  shepherd's  feet; 

For  he  is  growing  weary, 

His  four-score  years  are  told, 

And  trustfully  he  draweth  near 

The  dear  Redeemer's  fold  : 
Farewell! 
"  Vine  of  His  blessed  planting, 

Here,  in  the  glorious  West, 

On  your  fresh  budding  leaflets 

His  loving  favor  rest. 

Long  may  your  ripened  clusters 

Breathe  heavenly  fragrance  deep, 

When,  numbered  with  my  fathers, 

In  christian  hope  I  sleep  : 
Farewell!  Farewell! 


THE  JUBILEE.  175 

■■'  Elias  Gilman,  Esq.,  aged  ninety  years,  the  oldest  of  the 
1805  emigrants,  the  oldest  member  of  the  church,  &  the  oldest 
person  in  the  township,  rose  in  his  slip  &  read  the  following 
motion,  which  was  seconded  by  George  Little,  aged  sixteen, 
the  youngest  male  member: 

"I  move  the  adjournment  of  this  meeting  fifty  years,  to  the 
year  of  our  Lord,  one  thousand  nine  hundred  and  five,  to  meet 
at  the  place  which  shall  then  be  occupied  by  this  church.' 

*         *         *         *  "  The  motion  was  put  and  carried. 

"In  requesting  Dr.  Cooley  to  pronounce  the  blessing,  it  was 
stated  that  he  would  now  leave  town,  to  return  no  more,  &  that 
he  wished  to  give  the  parting  hand  to  his  relatives,  to  his 
former  hearers,  to  all  whom  he  had  baptised,  to  the  children  of 
the  Sabbath  school,  &  others  interested  in  the  occasion.  He 
stood  in  front  of  the  pulpit,  &  the  aisles  were  so  cleared,  that 
they  who  had  left  his  hand,  &  heard  some  expression  of  kind- 
ness from  his  lips  could  pass  out  &  make  room  for  others. 

*         *  "A   few  days  after  his  return   home, 

he  wrote,  "The  scene  in  your  dear  village,  on  the  17th,  ex- 
ceeded, I  must  say,  any  event  in  all  my  past  life.  The  parting 
hand  of  such  a  crowd  touched  my  heart,  &  can  never  be  for- 
gotten on  my  part." 

"  Just  before  he  stepped  into  the  carriage,  the  Treasurer  of 
the  Committee  of  Arrangements  passed  into  his  hand  $125." 

In  regard  to  temperance  Mr.  Little  makes  the  following 
record  as  applying  to  1855  :  "  Look  out  on  the  streets  in  the 
dark  and  you  will  see  cigars  moving  along  not  higher  than 
the  railing ;  and  at  ten  at  night  you  will  hear  from  young 
voices  evidences  that  they  have  been  drinking  something 
stronger  than  water." 

The  Hydraulic  Co.  began  to  consider  the  propriety  of  dis- 
posing of  their  water  works.  The  stock  was  not  paying  any 
dividend,  and  was  calling  for  further  outlays. 

The  Council  passed  an  ordinance  declaring  the  pond  in  the 
northeast  part  of  town  a  nuisance,  and  providing  for  filling 
it  up  at  an  expense  of  $200. 

The  deaths  were  sixty-three ;  among  them,  Mrs.  Lydia 
Dickinson,  daughter  of  Jesse  Munson,  and  formerly  wife  of 
Judge   T.   Rose,    Feb.   27th,    aged   eighty-seven ;  Jeremiah 


176  DEATHS. 

French,  April  ist,  aged  sixty-eight ;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Thomas, 
wife  of  David  Thomas,  May  4th,  aged  seventy-three ;  Mrs. 
Adah  Hillyer,  youngest  daughter  of  Jesse  Munson,  wife  of 
Justin  Hillyer,  May  24th,  aged  seventy-nine ;  Mrs.  Rachel 
Gilman,  wife  of  Klias  Gilman,  Esq.,  Aug.  7th,  aged  eighty  ; 
Judson  Tyler,  July  25th,  aged  seventy-nine;  Hon.  T.  M. 
Thompson,  Sept.  15th,  aged  eighty-six;  Simeon  Reed,  Sept. 
16th,  aged  sixty-two;  Mrs.  Hannah  Granger,  daughter  of 
Timothy  Spelman,  Esq.,  wife  of  Ralph  Granger,  Nov.  27th, 
aged  fifty-nine  ;  Mrs.  Martha,  wife  of  Edward  Nichol,  Nov. 
27th,  aged  seventy-six  ;  Hiram  Rose,  Dec.  20th,  aged  eighty- 
nine.  All  these  were  prominent  citizens  and  long  time 
residents,  and  six  of  them  were  members  of  the  first  colony.' 

Mr.  Thompson  was  in  the  legal  profession  in  early  life.  For 
some  years  he  was  Secretary  of  State  of  Pennsylvania,  under 
his  uncle,  Gov.  Thos.  McKean,  who  was  a  signer  of  the  Decla- 
ration of  Independence,  &  after  whom  himself  was  named.  He 
afterward  entered  the  business  of  merchandising  in  Steuben- 
ville,  Ohio.  Thence  he  removed  to  Granville  with  his  goods. 
He  soon  went  to  a  tract  of  several  hundred  acres  of  land  that 
he  had  located  in  the  township  north  of  Granville.  This  town- 
ship was  named  after  him,  McKean ;  he  declining  to  have  it 
called  after  his  surname,  but  consenting  to  lend  his  middle 
name  for  that  use.  After  a  few  years  he  returned  to  this  town- 
ship, purchasing  a  farm  on  Burgh  St.  Late  in  life  he  came  to 
the  village,  &  two  years  after,  went  to  Marysville,  O.  to  reside 
with  his  youngest  daughter,  where  he  died.  Four  of  his 
daughters  married  ministers.  Though  a  man  of  good  legal  at- 
tainments he  never  practiced  law  in  Ohio.  He  was  of  modest 
demeanor,  unassuming,  always  honorable,  honest  as  light,  sac- 
rificing his  own  interests  &  those  of  his  family  rather  than  do  a 
questionable  act. 


ANNALS,  1856-1879.  177 


CHAPTER  XXX. 

1856.  Hon.  Jno.  A.  Sinnet,  our  fellow-townsman,  became 
State  Representative. 

The  College  was  removed  to  the  hill  north  of  town  and  a 
new  building  was  erected,  the  removal  of  one  of  the  old  ones 
completing  the  accommodations  for  the  present. 

An  act  was  passed  making  it  a  misdemeanor  to  sell  or  give 
away  any  intoxicating  liquor,  or  to  let  any  building  or  room 
for  such  purpose,  or  to  appear  in  the  village  in  a  state  of 
intoxication. 

The  New  Year's  Sermon  records,  "  I  never  heard  in  one 
night  so  much  noise  and  profanity  as  on  the  night  previous 
to  the  4th  of  July." 

Hon.  Daniel  Humphrey  became  Presidential  Elector. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-six ;  of  them,  Mrs.  Lucretia 
Linnel,  wife  of  Knowles  Ljnnel,  Aug.  15th,  aged  sixty-one. 

In  1857,  The  Denisonian,  a  college  periodical,  was  started, 
and  the  Herbarium .  also,  published  by  the  young  ladies  of 
the  Female  College. 

There  were  twenty-eight  deaths ;  of  whom,  Mrs.  Clarissa 
Bancroft,  daughter  of  Judge  T.  Rose,  wife  of  Hon.  S.  Bancroft, 
Jan.  25th,  aged  sixty-nine;  Elias  Gilman,  Esq.,  Jan.  28th, 
aged  ninety-two ;  Matilda,  wife  of  Dea.  T.  M.  Rose,  Mar.  1st, 
aged  fifty-eight. 

Esq.  Gilman  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  colony, 
a  man  of  gifted  intellect,  trusted  with  large  business  transactions 
by  his  fellow  citizens  &  by  strangers,  &  wearing  the  honors  of 
civic  life  with  decorum.  In  early  life,  owing  to  the  drinking 
habits  of  society,  he  indulged  in  the  use  of  intoxicants ;  but  by 
the  grace  of  God,  &  greatly  to  the  credit  of  his  manhood,  he 
threw  off  the  bondage  &  stood  high  in  the  confidence  and  es- 
teem of  his  fellow-men  to  the  day  of  his  death. 

In  1858,  the  Welsh  Hills  Cemetery  was  enlarged  by  the 
purchase  from  Norton  Case  of  one  and  one-half  acres.    This 


178  A    KILLING   FROST. 

purchase  was  made  by  the  Welsh  Methodists  and  the  Welsh 
Congregationalists  unitedly,  and  it  and  the  original  grounds 
given  by  Mr.  Rees  were  made  one  cemetery,  all  uniting  to 
enclose  and  beautify  the  grounds.  The  place  has  continued 
to  be  improved  from  time  to  time  until  it  is  now  the  beautiful 
Welsh  Hills  Cemetery. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-seven;  among  them,  Miriam, 
daughter  of  Dea.  Lemuel  Rose,  wife  of  Elkanah  Linnel,  Mar. 
17th,  aged  seventy-three ;  Fanny,  wife  of  Sereno  Wright,  Sen., 
Mar.  26th,  aged  seventy-three  ;  Mrs.  Anna  Lot,  formerly  wife 
of  Frederic  Case,  June  9th,  aged  seventy-seven ;  Joshua 
Stark,  June  29th,  aged  sixty-nine ;  Sereno  Wright,  Sen., 
Dec.  19th,  aged  seventy-nine. 

1859.  All  day  Saturday,  June  4th,  a  strong,  cold  north 
wind  blew.  At  night  a  calm  fell  upon  the  air.  On  Sunday  morn- 
ing, June  5th,  there  was  a  very  heavy  frost,  seriously  dam- 
aging all  field  crops,  gardens  and  fruits.  Some  of  the  corn 
was  knee  high.  Some  farmers  at  once  proceeded  to  plow  up 
and  plant  anew.  Others  planted  between  the  rows,  design- 
ing to  take  their  choice  of  the  two  crops  as  soon  as  a  prefer- 
ence should  be  indicated.  Others  relied  solely  on  the  old. 
The  result  was  generally  in  favor  of  replanting. 

The  New  Year's  record  says :  "  At  the  last  election  of  the 
Town  Council,  the  law  and  order  ticket  prevailed,  and  twelve 
or  fourteen  culprits  have  been  fined,  five  or  six  sent  to  jail, 
and  our  nights  are  more  quiet  than  formerly.  Still  there  are 
children  that  feel  that  they  must  go  somewhere  every  night." 

April  7th,  a  lock-up  was  ordered  to  be  constructed  under 
the  Town  Hall,  which  was  then  being  built  by  the  corpora- 
tion. This  hall  is  a  frame  structure,  62  x  38  feet,  erected  by 
Mr.  Wallace  Carpenter,  for  the  sum  of  $3,000,  standing  at  the 
northeast  corner  of  Broad  and  Main  Streets,  in  the  center  of 
the  public  square,  beside  the  Methodist  Church. 

June  7th,  an  act  was  passed  to  prevent  the  disturbance  of 
religious  and  other  meetings.  A  notice  was  also  ordered  to 
be  served  on  four  several  parties  that  "  in  selling  ale  or  other 


WATER  WORKS  —  BRICK   CHURCH.  179 

intoxicating  drinks  for  the  purpose  of  being  drank  in  or 
about  the  premises  they  were  violating  an  ordinance  of  the 
village." 

Of  the  twenty-eight  deaths  were,  John  Huggins,  Jan.  14th, 
aged  fifty-seven  ;  Jos.  Blanchard,  Jan.  29th,  aged  eighty-eight ; 
Mrs.  Iy.  E.  Bancroft,  May  13th,  aged  fifty-two ;  Ed.  Nichol, 
Sept.  3d,  aged  seventy-eight ;  Jacob  Cook,  Oct.  3d,  aged 
seventy-three.  It  was  also  the  year  of  Dr.  Cooley's  death  in 
old  Granville,  Mass. 

In  i860,  the  War  of  the  Great  Rebellion  began.  [See 
Special  Chapter.] 

The  U.  S.  census  enumerated  404  families,  2120  souls  in 
the  township;  157  families,  799  souls  in  the  village.  The 
property  in  the  township  was  estimated  at  $1,744,777. 

March  nth,  the  Congregational  Church  bid  farewell  to  the 
old  frame  house  erected  in  1816,  having  provided  for  the 
erection  of  a  new  brick  structure. 

The  Council  made  an  allowance  of  $12  a  year  for  the  care 
of  the  town  clock. 

The  water  works  were  sold  at  Sheriff's  sale,  Rev.  Alvah 
Sanford  bidding  them  off  for  $234 ;  there  being  an  indebted- 
ness upon  the  works  of  $1,275. 

The  deaths  were  twenty-nine ;  of  them  were  Archibald 
Ackley,  June  9th,  aged  seventy-two ;  Mary,  wife  of  Nicodemus 
Griffith,  Sept.  5th,  aged  ninety;  Thomas  Cramer,  Dec.  27th, 
aged  eighty-four;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Eager,  Aug.  17th,  aged 
seventy-seven  ;  Spencer  Wright,  Esq.,  Aug.  22d,  aged  eighty  ; 
Amos  Campbell,  Dec.  27th,  aged  seventy-five. 

January  21st,  died  Alva  and  Mary  A.,  son  and  daughter  of 
Abraham  and  Angeline  Walker,  of  consumption,  and  within 
an  hour's  time  of  each  other ;  aged  sixteen  and  twenty-one. 

1861.  The  brick  church,  eighty  feet  by  fifty-three,  was 
erected  at  a  cost  of  $10,600.  The  ground  floor  provides 
room  for  church  parlors,  conference  room,  furnaces,  hall  and 
stairway.  The  audience  room  was  planned  after  the  old 
house.     A  large  pipe  organ  was  placed  in  the  gallery  at  a 


180         OUR  QUOTA  MORE  THAN  FILLED. 

cost  of  $1,200.  Fourteen  years  later  an  addition  was  put 
upon  the  north  end  large  enough  to  accommodate  the  organ 
and  choir  just  back  of  the  pulpit,  while  the  room  beneath 
the  organ  is  used  as  a  kitchen.  The  audience  room  will  seat 
seven  hundred  with  comfort.  The  cap  of  the  steeple  is  107 
feet  high,  and  the  iron  support  of  the  weather  vane  is  ten 
feet  higher. 

May  21st,  a  sort  of  salary-grab  ordinance  was  passed  by 
the  Council,  allowing  each  member  fifty  cents  for  each 
attendance  upon  the  Council  meetings. 

Died  in  the  township  fifty-six;  of  whom  were,  Ormond 
Rose,  Jan.  28th,  aged  seventy ;  Lucy,  wife  of  Wm.  Smedley, 
having  been  first  the  wife  of  Ethan  Bancroft,  Mar.  22d,  aged 
seventy-six ;  Lydia,  wife  of  Dea.  Eli  Butler,  June  19th,  aged 
sixty-four ;  Anna  W.,  wife  of  N.  Griffith,  July  18th,  aged 
fifty-six ;  Silence,  daughter  of  Dea.  Lemuel  Rose,  wife  of 
Joshua  Stark,  Dec.  27th,  aged  sixty-six;  Theodore  Gaylord, 
Feb.  15th,  aged  eighty-five;  Rosanna  H.  Warren,  Mar.  nth, 
aged  seventy;  Polly  Lamson,  April  6th,  aged  eighty-five. 

1862.     The  New  Year's  Sermon  says  : 

11  In  the  earlier  periods  of  the  war  it  was  thrown  out  by  differ- 
ent orators  in  the  Hall,  that  Granville  would  not,  like  the  other 
parts  of  the  country,  turn  out  our  quota  of  volunteers  for  the 
army.  This  meant  that  literary  &  religious  pre-eminence  so 
dwarfed  our  souls  that  we  would  not  do  our  part.  Now  look  at 
facts.  Our  township  is  enrolled  344  men,  of  whom  the  Presi- 
dent has  called  for  138.  By  the  22d  of  Aug.  157  of  our  town- 
ship volunteered,  besides  those  who  enlisted  at  Marietta  &  other 
places.  This  makes  us  19  above  our  quota,  while  every  other 
township  in  the  county  has  had  to  have  some  drafted." 

Hon.  John  A.  Sinnet  became  State  Senator  for  two  years. 

The  deaths  were  thirty ;  among  whom  were  Anna,  widow 
of  David  Pittsford,  February  27th,  aged  ninety-four;  Sophia, 
widow  of  John  Starr,  December  14th,  aged  seventy;  Mrs.  Mary 
Werden,  February  5th,  aged  seventy-six ;  Mrs.  Ruth  Falley, 
November  29th,  aged  seventy-eight. 


MAPLE   GROVE   CEMETERY.  181 

1863.  The  township  had  sent  to  the  army  thirty-five 
soldiers  above  its  quota.  ^ 

A  plat  of  ground,  containing  twenty-one  acres,  lying  just 
south  of  Mr.  Parnassus,  was  beautifully  laid  out  as  a  cemetery, 
under  the  name  of  "  Maple  Grove  Cemetery." 

A  large  cistern,  made  as  a  reservoir  for  water  in  case  of  fire, 
was  filled  up  by  order  of  the  Town  Council. 

The  dead  were  forty-one ;  of  whom  were,  Thomas  Little, 
Esq.,  March  31st,  aged  eighty-eight;  Aaron  Pratt,  June  16th, 
aged  sixty-nine  ;  Rev.  Ezra  Going,  December  26th,  aged 
sixty-eight;  Matthew  Adams,  September  24th,  aged  ninety- 
two;  Mrs.  J.  W.  Thompson,  March  23d,  aged  eighty-four; 
Mrs.  Hannah  A.  Fosdick,  May  12th,  aged  fifty-two;  John 
Follett,  May  27th,  aged  seventy-one ;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  W. 
Prichard,  June  15th,  aged  sixty ;  Mrs.  Sally  Follett,  June 
23d,  aged  seventy-three  ;  Daniel  Rose,  shot  in  battle  of  Chat- 
tanooga, September  20th,  aged  twenty-four ;  Samuel  L.  Rose, 
shot  in  the  same  battle,  died  October  21st,  aged  thirty-six; 
Thomas  Ingham,  June  15th,  aged  ninety-two. 

Dr.  Little  left  the  place  in  December,  1864. 

Died,  Miss  Fanny  Wright,  January  14th,  aged  fifty-nine; 
Mrs.  Hannah  S.  Munson,  January  19th,  aged  eighty-four ; 
Mrs.  Mary  Weeks,  May  9th,  aged  eighty-four. 

In  1865, tne  brick  building  for  the  accommodation  of  Gran- 
ville Female  College,  was  erected  by  Hon.  W.  P.  Kerr,  the 
principal,  in  fulfillment  of  his  contract  with  the  Trustees  to 
put  up  a  building  that  should  cost  at  least  $1,800.  It  con- 
tains below,  several  recitation  rooms  and  a  gymnasium,  and  a 
large  hall  on  the  floor  above.  The  total  cost  instead  of  being 
$1,800,  amounted  in  those  times  of  war  prices,  to  $5,500, 
or  more. 

A  star  badge  was  voted  to  the  Marshal  April  10th. 

June  22d,  an  order  for  $23.50  was  voted  to  "  S.  B.  Hamlen 
for  damages  done  by  the  riot  on  April  10,  1865."  This  was 
on  the  occasion  of  a  jubilation  at  the  close  of  the  war.  Mr. 
Hamlen  being  Mayor,  had,  for  prudential  reasons,  refused  to 


182  RIOT  —  THE   COLLEGIAN. 

permit  the  firing  of  the  cannon  on  the  town  square.  The 
firing  was  accordingly  done  on  the  top  of  Prospect  Hill. 
But  those  in  charge  of  this  part  of  the  programme,  being  in- 
censed at  the  Mayor's  refusal,  brought  the  gun  into  the  street 
in  front  of  his  dwelling,  having  given  it  a  final  loading  as 
heavy  as  they  dared,  and  pointing  it  directly  at  the  house,  dis- 
charged it,  breaking  all  the  windows. 

Deaths,  Mrs.  Statira  Cooley,  January  2d,  aged  seventy- 
five ;  Mrs.  Dolly  Gaylord,  April  12th,  aged  ninety-two ;  Mrs. 
Martha  Root  Dilley,  July  8th,  aged  forty-eight ;  Mrs.  Belinda 
Root  Carroll,  May  7th,  aged  sixty ;  Stephen  G.  Goodrich, 
August  14th,  aged  seventy-four. 

1866.  Mr.  George  B.  Whiting  became  postmaster  July  2d. 
Deaths,    L.   Alonzo   Graves,    May   23d,   aged   fifty-three ; 

David  M.  Knapp,  August  8th,  aged  fifty-five;  Campbell 
Messenger,  September  3d  ;  Mrs.  Deborah  Root,  November 
21st,  aged  seventy-nine  ;  A.  P.  Prichard,  January  30th,  aged 
sixty-seven ;  Captain  Levi  Rose,  February  23d,  aged  eighty- 
four  ;  Benjamin  Linnel,  May  5th,  aged  seventy-four ;  Deacon 
Daniel  Shepardson,  November  24th,  aged  eighty. 

Mr.  Prichard  came  to  the  place  in  18 16  with  Hon.  T.  M. 
Thompson,  as  his  clerk  in  a  small  dry  goods  store,  He  was  a 
practical  chemist,  of  accurate  business  habits,  &  ingenious.  He 
was  soon  counted  among  the  first  business  men  of  the  place,  & 
was  ever  a  leader  in  such  public  enterprises  as  the  Water 
Works,  Cemetery,  &c.  After  being  connected  with  the  furnace, 
&  dry  goods  trade  for  some  time  he  confined  his  attention  to 
drugs.  He  was  long  a  prominent  member  of  the  Episcopal 
church. 

1867.  The  Collegian  was  started  in  July  by  the  Calliopean 
Society  of  Denison  University. 

Rev.  E.  Garland,  an  early  teacher  of  the  Male  Academy, 
and  otherwise  identified  with  the  Granville  Congregational 
Church,  returned  to  the  place  for  a  home  in  his  old  age. 

Deaths,  Mrs.  Cinderilla  Case,  January  4th,  aged  eighty-six  ; 
Mrs.  Clarissa  Abbott,  August  21st,  aged  sixty-two ;  Mrs.  Har- 
riet  B.    Kerr,   July  9th,   aged    thirty-nine;    Mrs.    Rosetta 


NEW   BUILDING  —  OBITUARY.  183 

Houghton,  (formerly  Mrs.  William  Paige,)  August  ioth,  aged 
seventy-seven  ;  Elkanah  Linnel,  October  2d,  aged  eighty-six; 
Miss  Ann  Jones,  September  2d,  aged  eighty-two  ;  Mrs.  Nancy 
Wood,  December  13th,  aged  sixty-three ;  Henry  Butler, 
August  22d,  aged  sixty-seven  ;  Mrs.  Abigail  Houghton,  Feb- 
ruary 29th,  aged  seventy-eight ;  Mrs.  Phebe  Paige,  January 
6th,  aged  eighty-eight ;  Major  General  Charles  Griffin,  Sep- 
tember 15th,  aged  forty-one. 

1868.  The  foundation  of  the  second  brick  building  for  the 
accommodation  of  Denison  University  was  laid,  the  corner 
stone  being  laid  in  1869.  The  new  road  leading  to  the  College 
grounds,  from  Main  Street,  at  the  foot  of  Prospect  Hill,  was 
authorized. 

Deaths,  Mrs.  Lydia  Partridge,  March  26th,  aged  ninety- 
two  ;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Partridge,  October  16th,  aged  forty-four ; 
Mrs.  Sarah  Moore,  October  nth,  aged  seventy-five.  General 
Augustine  Munson,  April  12th,  aged  eighty-five. 

He  was  born  in  Granville,  Massachusetts,  September  30th, 
1783,  being  the  youngest  son  of  Jesse  Munson.  He  was  prob- 
ably the  youngest  member  of  the  colony,  and  at  the  same  time 
one  of  its  most  enterprising,  untiring  and  sagacious.  In  youth 
he  was  inured  to  toil  and  exposure,  and  in  the  pursuit  of  his 
occupations  shrank  not  from  hardship  and  privation.  He 
improved  his  eastern  opportunities  for  education,  coming 
west  at  the  age  of  twenty-two. 

It  was  his  enterprise  that  secured  the  first  successful  saw 
mill,  two  miles  east  of  Granville,  in  1806.  In  1808  he  added 
a  flouring  mill.  In  1816  he,  (with  his  brother  Jeremiah), 
started  the  Granville  Furnace,  and  soon  after,  the  Forge  for 
making  wrought  iron,  the  latter  being  near  his  flour  and  saw 
mills.  Considering  the  scanty  resources  of  a  new  country, 
the  pressing  wants  of  the  people,  and  his  almost  universal 
success  in  his  undertakings,  probably  no  one  has  out  of  his 
personal  devices,  contributed  more  to  meet  the  material  wants 
of  Granville  than  did  he.  He  was  an  expert  musician.  He 
was  prominent  in  military  matters  under  the  old  militia  laws. 
For  several  years  he  was  prominent  and  influential  in  political 
life,  being  a  member  of  the  Legislature. 

July  6, 1869,  the  Town  Council  passed  an  ordinance  making 


184  VILLAGE   GOVERNMENT   RE -ORGANIZED. 

the  municipal  government  conform  to  a  State  Statute  which 
was  of  general  application,  requiring  elections  to  be  held  the 
first  Monday  of  April,  the  officers  to  be  a  Mayor,  Clerk,  Treas- 
urer, Street  Commissioner,  Marshal  and  six  Trustees;  the 
Mayor,  and  Council  of  Trustees  to  appoint  the  subordinate 
officers.  A  prison  was  established  and  put  under  the  care  of 
the  Marshal.  The  Village  was  made  a  road  district  under 
the  care  of  the  Street  Commissioner,  who  is  responsible 
to  remove  nuisances  from  the  streets,  and  to  attend 
carefully  to  the  cleanliness  of  the  Village.  Former  ordi- 
nances were  re-enacted.  The  corporation  limits  were  ex- 
tended, leaving,  after  some  amendment,  the  bounds  as  follows: 
The  north  boundary  is  the  south  line  of  the  farm  north  of 
the  hill,  once  A.  A.  Bancroft's,  to  the  Mt.  Vernon  and  Welsh 
Hills  Roads,  which  roads  it  follows  to  Clear  Run,  thence  down 
the  run  to  the  line  of  the  farm  east  of  town,  once  Norton 
Case's ;  then  following  said  line  and  its  direction  to  a  point 
in  the  New  Cemetery  for  the  east  boundary.  On  the  south 
the  line  is  the  south  line  of  the  old  burial  lot  and  its  direction, 
and  the  west  boundary  is  the  east  line  of  the  Sheldon  Swan 
place.     [See  map,  page  46.] 

The  preliminary  surveys  ot  the  Atlantic  &  Erie  Railway 
were  made  through  this  township  in  the  fall.  This  road  was 
projected  from  Toledo  through  the  coal  fields  of  Perry  county, 
Ohio,  to  Pomeroy,  and  on  to  Norfolk,  Virginia,  in  a  pretty 
direct  course.  The  grading  having  been  done  throughout 
this  part  of  the  line  the  enterprise  failed.  The  track  was 
afterwards  utilized  by  the  Ohio  Central  Railroad. 

Mr.  Ralph  Parsons  erected  on  the  north  side  of  Broad 
Street  a  fine  two  story  store  building,  twenty-four  feet  front 
and  seventy-two  feet  deep. 

The  Collegian  and  Denisonian  united  and  became  the  Den- 
ison  Collegian,  the  Franklin  Society  uniting  with  the  Calli- 
opean  in  its  support. 

Deaths,  Mrs.  Loano  Eno,  April  27th,  aged  seventy-nine; 
Mrs.  Polly  Wells,  May  19th,  aged  seventy-three  ;  Mrs.  Mind- 


VILLAGE   BOUNDARIES    ENLARGED.  185 

well  Graves,  aged  ninety-nine ;  Mrs.  Mary  Mead,  August 
19th,  aged  sixty-seven;  Mrs.  Lydia  F.  Gray,  October  29th, 
aged  sixty-seven ;  Nathaniel  Paige,  January  6th,  aged  ninety- 
three  ;  Cyrus  Moore,  August  18th,  aged  eighty-three. 

In  the  spring  of  1870,  Granger's  Addition  was  laid  off  in 
lots  which  were  sold  at  auction,  Granger  Street  (being  a  con- 
tinuation of  Morning  Street,  northward  to  the  Welsh  Hills 
Road)  and  Spelman  Street  (being  a  short  street  parallel  with 
Market  Street,  running  from  Granger  Street  to  the  Mt.  Vernon 
Road)  were  recognized  as  highways. 

By  an  ordinance,  animals  were  forbidden  to  run  at  large  at 
night  between  the  hours  of  sunset  and  sunrise. 

Deaths,  Hon.  Samuel  Bancroft,  Jan.  27th,  aged  ninety- 
one  ;  Dr.  W.  W.  Bancroft,  June  22d,  aged  sixty-four ;  Daniel 
Howe,  Sept.  20th,  aged  eighty-three ;  Mrs.  Olive  C.  Reed, 
Mar.  — ,  aged  seventy-six. 

Judge  Bancroft  was  a  man  unusually  affable  in  his  social  life, 
invariably  speaking  in  pleasant  tones  &  with  a  smile  on  his  face. 
He  followed  to  this  place  from  Granville,  Mass.,  the  young  lady 
to  whom  he  was  attached,  &  they  were  soon  thereafter  married. 
He  held  many  offices  of  trust  &  responsibility,  the  chief  being 
that  of  Associate  Judge. 

Dr.  Bancroft  was  long  one  of  the  most  prominent  physi- 
cians of  Granville  ;  always  ready  to  examine  new  claims  in 
the  healing  art,  and  encourage  and  adopt  that  which  com- 
mended itself  to  his  judgment.  He  was  also  prominent  in 
educational  interests  and  in  the  temperance  and  anti-slavery 
reforms.     [See  Professional  Record.} 

1 87 1.  About  the  1st  of  May,  work  oh  the  Atlantic  &  Erie 
Railway  grade  was  begun,  the  citizens  giving  the  right  of 
way  and  doing  the  grading. 

June  24th,  it  being  Saturday,  in  the  evening,  a  large  com- 
pany of  employes  from  the  rolling  mill  at  Lockport,  near 
Newark,  visited  our  quiet  village,  going  in  a  body  to  the  house 
of  Mr.  Geo.  H.  Tight,  just  in  the  east  edge  of  the  village,  he 
being  President  of  the  company  then  running  the  mill,  and 
by  gentle  force  bore  him  from  the  midst  of  his  family  back 
22 


186  OBITUARY. 

to  the  mill.  There  was  a  misunderstanding  between  them 
as  workmen  and  him  as  paymaster.  Finding  themselves 
mistaken  in  Mr.  Tight's  responsibilities  in  the  matter  he  was 
released  the  next  afternoon. 

Deaths,  Dea.  Hosea  Cooley,  Feb.  14th,  aged  eighty-eight ; 
Joshua  Linnel,  April  20th,  aged  eighty-four. 

At  Valley  Falls,  Kan.,  June  16th,  died  Mr.  Curtis  Howe,aged 
98  yrs.  7  mo.  He  was  from  old  Granville  (where  he  was  born, 
May  10th,  1772,)  but  not  one  of  the  original  settlers.  He  was 
a  convert  of  the  revival  of  1797  &  was  examined  for  member- 
ship. He  was  exemplary  &  straightforward.  Some  one  re- 
marked that  though  he  was  so  very  young  no  one  could  doubt 
his  experience.  The  remark  caught  his  ear  &  in  some  way 
threw  a  damper  over  his  experience  &  kept  him  long  out  of  the 
church.  His  wife  died  in  1843,  since  which  time  his  home  has 
been  with  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Eathsheba  Hillyer.  When  an  old 
man  he  was  accustomed  to  come  most  punctually  to  the  public 
&  social  meetings  of  the  church  through  rain  or  shine.  Enter- 
ing the  prayer  meeting  room  one  rainy  evening  he  heard  the 
remark,  "We  shall  have  a  thin  meeting  tonight."  "Yes," 
said  the  old  gentleman  as  he  took  his  dripping  hat  from  his  silver 
locks,  "the  weather  is  too  bad  to  expect  young  people!"  In 
1864,  he  went  to  California.  When  Mr.  Hillyer  went  to  Kansas 
four  years  later  Mr.  Howe  having  returned,  accompanied  the 
family.  He  returned  to  Granville  once  on  a  visit  in  his  extreme 
old  age.  When  he  entered  the  Sabbath  School  in  which  he  had 
spent  so  many,  many  years  as  a  member,  the  whole  school 
simultaneously  rose  to  their  feet  in  token  of  respect  for  the 
venerable  man.  He  was  sensibly  affected  &  addressing  the 
school,  he  promised  to  return  again,  if  possible,  if  he  should 
live  to  be  100  years  old.  But  he  died  a  few  months  before  he 
attained  that  age.  His  daughter,  Mrs.  Hillyer,  was  found  one 
afternoon  dead  in  her  house  by  the  hand  of  violence.  Her 
assailant,  though  the  rash  deed  was  done  in  daylight  and  with 
neighbors  not  far  away,  was  never  discovered. 

1872.  Mr.  Geo.  W.  Evans  began  in  March  to  publish  a 
monthly  called  %l  The  Licking  Monitor,"  at  seventy-five  cents 
a  year.  In  June,  1875,  it  was  changed  from  a  folio  to  a 
quarto  of  a  little  smaller  size  and  called  "  The  Family 
Monthly." 


DEATH   OF   DR.    TALBOT.  187 

Mr.  Edgar  Wright  put  up  a  brick  store  building,  adjoining 
that  of  Mr.  Parsons,  with  twenty  feet  front  and  seventy-two 
feet  depth,  having  a  hall  above. 

A  new  bell  was  mounted  in  the  tower  of  the  Baptist 
Church,  the  old  one  being  disabled  by  a  serious  fracture. 

On  Sunday  morning,  June  29th,  died  Rev.  Samson  Talbot, 
D.  D.,  President  of  Denison  University,  being  then  with  his 
family  among  their  friends  in  Newton,  Massachusetts.  The 
telegram  announcing  his  death  closed  with  the  words,  "  He 
rests  from  his  labors  and  his  works  do  follow  him."  In  the 
afternoon  all  the  bells  united  in  tolling  the  sad  announce- 
ment, the  Baptist  bell  striking  his  age.  It  was  the  first  use 
in  such  a  service  that  had  been  exacted  of  the  new  bell. 

Deaths,  Mrs.  Martha  French,  March  10th,  aged  seventy- 
nine ;  Mrs.  Mary  S.  Garland,  March  17th,  aged  seventy-six; 
Erastus  Allyn,  December  15th. 

1873.  Hon  William  P.  Kerr  became  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention. 

A  Committee  of  Safety  was  appointed  by  the  Council,  with 
power  to  inspect  houses,  order  any  needful  changes  to  protect 
property  against  fire ;  and  in  case  of  fire,  to  direct  the  efforts 
of  citizens  in  saving  property  and  extinguishing  fire.  At 
such  times  they  are  to  wear  a  badge,  and  have  authority  to 
enforce  their  orders. 

Mr.  Ebenezer  Partridge  died  November  1st,  aged  seventy- 
one  years ;  Rev.  Alvah  Sanford,  September  29th,  aged 
seventy-eight ;  Dr.  Sylvester  Spelman,  September  6th. 

July  24th,  1874,  was  enacted  an  ordinance  appointing  a 
Superintendent  for  the  Water  Works,  and  fixing  rates,  the 
Council  having  accepted  charge  of  them  on  certain  con- 
ditions. 

In  August,  Dr.  Little,  with  his  wife,  paid  a  visit  to  his  old 
parishioners.  They  were  received  by  their  old  friends  with 
great  tokens  of  regard.  They  waited  on  his  feeble  steps  with 
alacrity.  Mrs.  George  T.  Jones  "  made  them  a  feast  "  under 
the  apple  trees  in  the  open  air,  where  their  old  friends  gath- 


188  dr.  little's  visit. 

ered  around  the  festive  board  with  them  to  the  number  of 
seventy-five.  Professor  Beach  and  his  wife  were  also  present, 
so  that  the  people  saw  all  the  pastors  of  the  church  who  were 
then  living,  together  in  the  pulpit.  On  Tuesday  evening, 
the  18th,  there  was  a  church  gathering,  at  which  a  quartette 
choir  sang  the  following  original  hymn,  to  the  tune  composed 
by  D.  C.  Holmes,  of  Pittsburgh,  for  Mrs.  Howe's  Battle 
Hymn  of  the  Republic : 

O  thou  man  of  God,  with  glowing  hearts  we  welcome  thy  return; 
And  in  filial  love  and  reverence  our  kindling  spirits  yearn; 
For  remembrances  of  long  ago  within  our  bosoms  burn; 
||  :May  God  thy  coming  bless!  || 

We  remember  scenes  cf  gladness,  when  thy  presence  added'cheer; 
We  remember  scenes  of  sadness,  when  thy  sympathy  was  dear; 
And  when  heart  and  flesh  were  failing,  then  'twas  strength  to  have  thee  near; 
||  :May  God  remember  thee!  :  || 

In  infant  consecration  was  thy  hand  upon  our  brow, 
And  it  blessed  us  at  the  altar  when  we  took  the  marriage  vow; 
With  what  child-like  veneration  are  we  clinging  to  it  now! 
||  :May  God  thy  hand  still  crasp!  :  || 

By  the  hearthstone,  by  the  wayside,  thou  hast  led  us  to  the  Lord; 
From  the  sacred  desk  with  power  thou  hast  preached  to  us  the  word; 
And  thy  prayers  and  thy  example  have  to  better  purpose  stirred; 
||  :May  God  thy  work  still  own!  :  || 

When  again  thy  faltering  footsteps  bear  thee  from  our  waiting  eyes, 
We  await  until  these  bodies  shall  to  youthful  vigor  rise, 
And  with  thee  would  wish  to  enter  through  the  portals  of  the  skies; 
||  :May  God  this  favor  grant!  :  || 

Deaths,  Ralph  Parsons,  October  i,  aged  sixty-seven; 
Mrs.  Almena  R.  Bancroft,  daughter  of  Judge  Rose,  and  wife 
of  H.  L.  Bancroft,  November  5th. 

November  16th,  1875,  an  act  passed  the  council  making  it 
unlawful  to  keep  a  billiard  table  as  a  public  resort,  for  games, 
betting,  or  gambling. 

On  the  same  date,  an  act  making  it  unlawful  to  sell  or 
give  away  to  minors,  unless  upon  written  order  from  parents, 
guardian,  or  family  physician;  or  to  intoxicated  persons,  or 
habitual  drunkards;  or  to  keep  open  after  8:00  o'clock  P.  M. 


ATTEMPTED   BURGLARIES.  189 

[amended  in  1879,  to  10:00  P.  M.]  and  until  daylight;  or  on 
Sundays;  or  to  have  screens,  shades,  curtains,  painted  glass, 
or  anything  that  will  obstruct  the  public  view;  or  to  permit 
any  minor  on  the  premises  without  consent  of  parents  or 
guardian. 

Died,  Mrs.  Clarissa  Hamlen,  August  10th;  Harvey  Bragg, 
June  8th,  aged  seventy-seven;  Horace  Wolcott,  January  nth; 
Abraham  Belford,  January  29th;  Rev.  Wm.  Party,  February 
20th;  Deacon  E.  C.  Wright,  July  nth;  Knowles  Ljnnel, 
July  16th,  aged  eighty-seven. 

1876.  E.   M.   Downer  became  Presidential  Elector. 

The  washing  of  the  creek  on  the  Columbus  road,  just  south  of 
town,  having  occasioned  considerable  trouble,  the  County 
Commissioners  authorized  a  cut  through  the  meadows  west 
of  the  road,  thus  straightening  the  channel  and  saving 
further  washing. 

Deaths,  Mrs.  Orlena  Wright,  daughter  of  Justin  Hillyer, 
Sr.,  and  wife  of  Deacon  Edwin  C.  Wright,  May  28th,  aged 
sixty-nine;  Theophilus  Little,  July  2d,  aged  seventy-nine; 
WTm.  Case,  June  1st;  James  W.  Fosdick,  June  25th;  Mrs.  Adah 
Clapp,  December  27th. 

1877.  A  series  of  burglarious  attempts,  beginning  with  one 
upon  the  First  National  Bank,  was  perpetrated  in  the  village. 
[See  Our  Criminal  Record.] 

In  connection  with  the  railroad  disturbances  at  Pittsburgh, 
as  Columbus  and  Newark  were  central  points,  they  would 
have  shared  in  the  great  distruction  of  property  had  not  the 
State  authorities  taken  prompt  precautions.  Several  com- 
panies were  under  arms  at  Newark  for  some  time.  -The 
miners  from  Shawnee  were  threatening  to  come  to  the  aid  of 
the  railroad  strikers,  who  claimed  that  it  was  bread  for  their 
families  that  they  wanted;  and  there  was  a  probability  that, 
if  reinforced,  the  rioters  might  get  the  upper  hand.  Trains 
being  interrupted,  some  necessities,  such  as  coal  oil,  sugar, 
etc.,  were  getting  scarce  at  Granville.  One  night  word  came 
that  the  rioters  were  coming.     A  telegram  was  sent  to  the 


190  soldiers'  and  sailors'  reunion. 

Mayor  of  Granville,  from  Newark,  asking  for  aid  in  men  and 
arms.  He  declined  to  take  official  action,  but  the  citizens 
became  alarmed  and  posted  sentinels  or  guards  on  every 
street  leading  into  town,  the  president  of  the  University, 
Dr.  B.  B.  Andrews,  an  old  soldier,  serving  among  them. 
The  occasion  passed,  however,  without  any  violence. 

Deaths,  Nicholas  Handel,  who  came  from  Virginia,  an 
excellent  miller,  who  had  been  in  the  war  of  1812,  July  28th; 
Deacon  Timothy  Rose,  July  29th,  aged  fifty-six;  Mrs.  Daniel 
Howe,  February  27th. 

July  22,  1878,  occurred  at  Newark,  the  Grand  Reunion  of 
Soldiers  and  Sailors,  many  celebrities  from  abroad  being 
present. 

September  25th,  the  location  of  the  new  road  to  Newark  was 
decided  by  a  final  compromise  between  the  parties  interested, 
from  Wm.  Showman's  across  the  old  aqueduct  and  by  the 
track  of  the  feeder,  to  the  old  Hebron  road,  thus  opening  a 
route  to  the  county  seat  avoiding  the  midway  hills. 

Deaths,  Gershom  Griffith,  June  7th,  aged  seventy-three: 
Mrs.  Julia  S.  Bushnell,  July  29th,  aged  eighty-two  ;  Mr.  John 
Rees  and  wife,  an  aged  couple,  were  buried  in  the  same  grave 
in  the  Welsh  Hills  Cemetery,  December  4th,  Mrs.  Rees 
having  died  on  the  2d  and  Mr.  Rees  on  the  3d ;  Horace 
Wolcott,  January  7th,  aged  seventy-five ;  William  S.  Wright, 
August  14th  ;  Hon.  Elizur  Abbott,  October  4th,  aged  seventy- 
seven  ;  Mrs.  Clarissa  Sanford,  June  16th,  aged  eighty-five ; 
Mrs.  Mary  Wright,  May  28th,  aged  ninety-two  ;  Norton  Case, 
March  23d,  aged  seventy-six ;  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Lemuel  Rose, 
December  28th,  aged  eighty. 

1879.     Dr.  William  H.  Sedgwick  became  postmaster. 

Died,  Mrs.  Amelia  E.  Bragg,  August  2 2d,  aged  eighty-one. 

Mrs.  Bragg  was  the  daughter  of  Hon.  William  Gavitt,  an 
original  member  of  the  Company,  and  was  seven  years  old 
when  the  colony  came  to  Ohio. 


SEVENTY-FIFTH   ANNIVERSARY.  191 


CHAPTER  XXXI. 

1880  brings  us  to  the  period  at  which  we  propose  to  close 
our  record,  reporting  during  the  year  only  the  celebration  of 
the  seventy-fifth  anniversary  of  the  settlement  of  Granville 
Town. 

Such  was  the  excitement  attending  the  Presidential  canvass 
during  the  summer  and  fall,  that  it  was  inexpedient  to  call 
attention  to  the  coming  anniversary  until  the  election  was 
passed.  As  soon  thereafter  as  possible,  a  meeting  of  such  as 
were  interested  in  the  matter  was  called ;  appointments  of 
speakers  and  committees  were  made,  and  a  circular  of  invi- 
tation to  the  pioneers  and  their  descendants,  and  all  others 
interested,  was  printed  and  mailed  wherever  it  was  thought 
it  would  awaken  interest. 

The  meeting  was  held  on  Saturday,  the  13th  of  November, 
the  anniversary  of  the  day  of  driving  upon  the  town  square 
and  beginning  operations  by  cutting  down  the  beech  tree. 
It  was  in  the  Presbyterian  Church,  the  pastor,  Rev.  Dwight 
B.  Hervey,  being  Chairman  of  the  day.  The  morning  was 
ushered  in  with  sleet  and  a  promise  of  snow.  The  exercises 
were  held  as  nearly  as  they  could  be  according  to  the  follow- 
ing printed  programme : 

MORNING  SESSION. 

IO:  30  A.  M. 
MUSIC. 

SCRIPTURE    READING, 

REV.  W.  C.  P.  RHOADES, 

PASTOR  OF  THE  BAPTIST  CHURCH. 
PRAYER, 

REV.  TIMOTHY  HOWE,  Pataskala. 

FORMERLY  OF  THE  GRANVILLE  CONGREGATIONAL  CHURCH. 
MUSIC. 


192  SEVENTY  -  FIFTH   ANNIVERSARY. 

ADDRESS  OF.  WELCOME, 

REV.  D.  B.  HERVEY,  Chairman  of  the  Day. 

PASTOR  OF  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH. 
SETTLEMENTS  IN  GRAN  VILLE  TOWNSHIP  BEFORE  THE  ARRIVAL  OK  "  THE  COLONY,' 

ISAAC  SMUCKER,  Newark. 

HISTORY  OF  "THE  GRANVILLE  COLONY," 

REV.  HENRY   BUSUNELL. 

ADDRESS, 

REV.  ALFRED  OWEN,  D.  D. 

PRESIDENT  OF  DENISON  UNIVERSITY. 


AFTERNOON  SESSION, 
i :  30  p.  m. 

PRAYER, 

REV.  S.  C.  FRAMPTON, 

PASTOR  OF  METHODIST  CHURCH. 

MUSIC. 
HISTORY  OF  PIONEER  FAMILIES, 

CHAS.  W.  BRYANT. 

HISTORY  OF  BUSINESS  MEN  OF  GRANVILLE, 

PROF.  JOHN  PRATT,  D.  D. 
MUSIC. 

HISTORY  OF  CHURCHES,  SCHOOLS  AND  PROFESSIONAL  INTERESTS, 

E.  SINNET,  M.  D. 

HISTORY  OF  MILITARY  AFFAIRS  OF  THE  COLONISTS  AND  THEIR  DESCENDANTS, 

HON.  M.  M.  MUNSON. 

The  exercises  will  be  held  in  the  Presbyterian  Meeting  House. 
Relics  of  Pioneers  and  portraits  of  old  citizens  will  be  on  exhibition  in  the 
Lecture  Room  and  Parlors  of  the  Church. 

The  address  of  Dr.  Owen  in  the  order  of  the  forenoon,  and 
that  of  Hon.  M.  M.  Mnnson  of  the  afternoon,  were  unavoid- 
ably crowded  into  the  evening  session,  and  Rev.  William 
Whitney  took  the  place  of  Dr.  Pratt  in  presenting  the  history 


SEVENTY -FIFTH   ANNIVERSARY.  193 

of  business  men.  The  music  was  furnished  by  a  choir  of 
singers  from  the  several  church  choirs  of  the  village,  led  by 
Mrs.  Prof.  Shepardson  of  the  Young  Ladies'  Institute ;  the 
organ  being  in  charge  of  Prof.  H.  H.  C.  Lowery,  of  the  Con- 
servatory of  Music,  of  Granville  Female  College. 

The  first  four  verses  of  the  following  hymn  were  sung  in 
the  afternoon.  It  was  composed  by  Timothy  Spelman,  Sr., 
and  a  part  of  it  was  sung  by  the  congregation  after  the  deliv- 
ery of  the  sermon  by  Rev.  Timothy  M.  Cooley,  D.  D.,  at  the 
formation  of  the  Colony  Church,  in  East  Granville,  Mass- 
achusetts, May  ist,  1805. 

Oh,  fare  ye  well,  my  friends, 

We  bid  you  all  adieu! 
For  Providence  has  called  us, 

And  we  must  surely  go. 

To  yonder  fertile  land 

Our  steady  course  we'll  steer, 
And  oh!  that  blessings  rich,  divine, 

Might  crown  our  journey  there. 

Though  now  a  wilderness, 

Dear  friends,  to  which  we  go, 
But  hark  and  hear  the  promises 

Which  from  the  prophets  flow. 

The  prophet's  sacred  word, 

How  sweet  the  promise  flows! 
The  fruitful  desert  sure  shall  bud 

And  blossom  as  the  rose. 
Emmanuel  will  appear, 

To  verify  His  word, 
Free  captive  souls,  make  subjects  there, 

And  own  their  sovereign  Lord. 
Rivers  in  places  high 

Will  open  from  the  springs; 
Fountains  and  pools  in  deserts  dry; 

The  wilderness  now  sings. 

&  -»  *  *  •  *  * 

Dear  friends,  remember  us, 

Your  brethren  far  away, 
In  yonder  fertile  wilderness; 

Be  sure  for  us  to  pray. 


194  SEVENTY  -  FIFTH   ANNIVERSARY. 

That  Jesus  by  His  grace 

Amongst  us  would  descend, 
And  rear  a  standard  to  His  praise, 

A  bulwark  to  defend. 
From  Satan's  fatal  snares 

May  we  be  well  secured; 
Encircled  round  with  arms  of  love 

We'll  triumph  in  the  Lord. 


The  remaining  verses  were  of  the  nature  of  a  valedictory 
to  pastor,  brethren  and  neighbors,  which  would  be  more  in- 
teresting to  the  participants  than  to  the  general  reader. 
There  were  twenty-five  stanzas. 

The  following  hymn  was  prepared  for  the  anniversary,  and 
the  2d,  3d,  4th,  6th  and  8th  stanzas  were  sung  in  the  after- 
noon : 

MEMORIAL  HYMN. 
O  God,  Thy  purpose  planned 

The  home  our  fathers  sought; 
From  wilds  to  cultured  homes,  Thy  hand 

The  grateful  changes  wrought. 

Great  Guardian  of  our  sires, 

We  praise  the  sovereign  grace 
That  kindled  here  their  altar  fires, 

And  gave  this  resting  place. 
Led  by  Thy  cloud  by  day, 

Safe  in  its  sheen  by  night; 
Thine  ark  was  with  them  by  the  way, 

Thy  presence  was  their  light. 
They  met,  they  prayed,  they  sang; 

The  hills  gave  back  the  sound; 
The  wild  woods  with  their  axes  rang, 

And  homes  rose  smiling  round. 
Under  the  strong  nerved  arm 

There  answered  to  their  call 
Successive  clearing,  field  and  farm, 

The  cabin,  house  and  hall. 
The  church,  the  school,  the  press, 

The  furrows  and  the  blows, 
And  soon  a  wide  spread  wilderness 

Had  blossomed  as  the  rose. 


SEVENTY  -  FIFTH   ANNIVERSARY.  195 

Their  labors  bless  our  eyes, 

And  beautify  this  land; 
The  precious  fruits  of  their  emprise 

Flow  freely  to  our  hand. 

To  Thee  our  hearts  we  raise, 

O,  God,  this  festal  day; 
For  mercies  past  we  offer  praise, 

For  future  good  we  pray. 

The  matter  presented  in  the  various  papers  read,  so  far  as 
apposite,  appears  elsewhere  in  these  pages. 

The  Executive  Committee  for  the  occasion,  consisting  of 
Messrs.  D.  Shepardson,  Chairman,  C.  W.  Bryant,  Secretary, 
T.  J.  Thomas,  C.  P.  Grimsley  and  Frank  Rose,  were  made 
a  permanent  committee,  with  request  to  organize  and  seek 
incorporation  if  necessary,  for  the  purpose  of  preserving  all 
relics,  historical  documents,  etc.,  that  may  be  committed  to 
their  care. 

The  following  account  of  the  exercises  of  the  day  appeared 
in  the  Granville  Times,  a  paper  begun  during  the  year  by 
H.  A.  Church,  publisher  and  proprietor. 

GRANVILLE   CELEBRATES   HER    SEVENTY-FIFTH    ANNIVERSARY,  ON 
SATURDAY,    NOVEMBER    13,    l88o. 

The  Anniversary  Festival  of  the  settlement  of  Granville,  was,  we  are  pleased  to 
say,  a  success  in  every  way,  and  was  evidently  enjoyed  by  every  one — especially 
by  the  descendants  of  the  Pioneers.  Prof.  Lowery  contributed  two  pieces — a  fine 
organ  overture  and  a  choral.  *  *  •  •  •  * 

The  music  contributed  by  the  united  choirs  was  a  pleasant  feature  of  the 
celebration,  and  reflected  credit  on  the  committee  in  charge. 

The  various  papers  presented,  in  the  preparation  of  which  neither  time  nor 
pains  had  been  spared,  were  excellent,  well  written,  well  delivered  and  full  of 
interest  to  all  Granvillians.  • 

[After  the  evening  exercises],  the  assembly  adjourned  to  the  church  parlors  to 
exchange  social  courtesies  and  inspect  the  relics,  among  which  were: 

PORTRAITS. 

Gen.  Augustine  Munson,  painting;  Dr.  Sylvester  Spellman,  photo;  Rev. 
Jacob  Little,  photo;  Silhouette  of  Rev.  Timothy  Harris;  Anthony  P.  Prichard; 
Spencer  Wright,  Esq.     [Engravings.] 


196  SEVENTY  -  FIFTH   ANNIVERSARY. 


Bible  brought  from  Wales  in  1796,  by  Deacon  Theophilus  Rees,  and  to  the 
Welsh  Hills  in  1802,  owned  by  T.  J.  Thomas.  Ethan  Bancroft's  Bible,  brought 
with  the  colony.  One  brought  with  the  colony  by  Mrs.  Abigail  Cook  Sweatman, 
the  oldest  member  of  the  colony. 

OTHER    ARTICLES. 

Letter  written  in  London,  England,  in  1796,  to  Theophilus  Rees,  the  Welsh 
Hills  Pioneer;  a  silver  spoon  brought  to  America  in  1630;  a  collection  of  dishes, 
glasses,  spoons,  etc.,  one  hundred  years  old;  iron  kettle  brought  from  Massa- 
chusetts, in  1805,  [in  which  were  cooked  the  dinners  of  the  "Rose  Company," 
and  belonging  to  Mr.  Cornell.] 

RECEIPT    COPIED    BELOW. 

Granville,  May  14,  1809. 

Received  in  full  of  all  accounts  against  Hosea  Cooley  from  the  beginning 
of  the  world  to  this  date.  Spencer  Wright. 

The  Granger-Spellman  account  book,  dated  1816;  a  tea  pot  brought  from 
Wurtemburg,  Germany,  by  one  of  the  Levering  family  over  one  hunderd  and 
sixty  years  ago;  a  bassoon  played  in  the  first  Granville  band,  by  Hon.  Sam'l 
Bancroft;  a  pewter  mug  brought  over  in  the  Mayflower,  by  the  ancestors  of  the 
exhibitor,  W.  W.  Carpenter;  a  boot-jack  made  by  Judge  Timothy  Rose  in  1806; 
and  many  more  interesting  articles. 

So  closed  an  eventful  occasion  in  Granville.  Friend  looked  on  friend,  who 
had  not  met  in  thirty  years;  old  ties  were  renewed;  pleasant  memories  stirred; 
it  was  an  "Auld  Lang  Syne"  reduced  to  reality  for  generous  courtesy  and 
hospitality  pervaded  the  whole  company.  Those  who  may  live  to  see 
the  centennial  anniversary,  will  look  back  with  memories  fraught  with 
tenderness  and  pleasant  retrospect  of  the  Seventy-Fifth  Anniversary  of  Gran- 
ville's settlement. 

With  heartfelt  gratitude,  we  look  back  to  New  England  and  her  noble 
colony,  and  then  forward  to  the  future,  with  the  prayer  that  the  blessings  of 
the  Allwise  Guide  who  directed  the  hardy  pioneer  to  this  spot,  may  follow  their 
descendants  in  their  various  journeys  through  life. 

The  following  still  survive  of  those  who  came  with  the 
Granville  Colony  in  1805. 

Mr.  David  Messenger,      .         .      Utica,  Ohio. 

Mr.  Leveret  Butler,       .  .  Pataskala,  Ohio. 

Deacon  Timothy  M.  Rose,         .      Granville,  Ohio. 

Mr.  Truman  Hillyer,    .  .  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Mr.  Justin  Hillyer,  .  .         .      Topeka,  Kansas. 

Mr.  H.  Prosper  Rose,   .  .  Orland,  Indiana. 


SEVENTY -FIFTH   ANNIVERSARY.  197 

Mr.  Charles  Butler,  .         .         .  Alexandria,  Ohio. 
Rev.  Elnathan  Corrington  Gavitt,  Toledo,  Ohio. 

Rev.  Geo.  Ezekiel  Gavitt,         .  Ashley,  Ohio. 

Mrs.  Matilda  Rose  Wheaton,  Wadsworth,  Ohio. 

Mrs.  Alcy  Rose  Durfee,    .         .  Hartford,   Ohio. 
Came  in  1807: 

Mrs.  Julia  Everett  Thurston,    .  Hartford,  Ohio. 

Mrs.  Marietta  Clark  Ackley,  Granville,  Ohio. 

Mrs.  Corintha  Clark  Twining,    .  Granville,  Ohio. 

Mr.  Willis  Clark,    .         .         .  Toledo,  Illinois. 

Rev.  Thomas  Parker  and  Mr.  Thomas  Cramer  are  supposed 
to  be  the  only  survivors  of  those  who  were  here  before  the 
Granville  Company  came.  Mr.  Parker  lives  in  Pataskala, 
Ohio ;  and  Mr.  Cramer  at  the  old  homestead  on  the  Welsh 
Hills. 

These  are  thought  to  be  the  only  survivors  who  sustained 
relations  as  above  to  the  original  settlement  of  Granville. 

The  Ohio  Central  Railroad  from  Toledo  to  the  coal  fields 
of  Perry  county,  Ohio,  with  a  branch  to  Columbus,  passing 
through  the  village  on  the  grade  of  the  Atlantic  and  Erie 
Railway,  is  running  regular  trains  and  doing  a  promising 
business ;  thus,  at  last,  opening  the  seclusion  of  this  retreat 
to  the  wide  world. 

Note  that  this  is  not  the  "Central  Ohio  Railroad"  from 
Wheeling  to  Columbus.  That  (now  the  B.  &  O.  R.  R.)  runs 
three  miles  south  of  Granville. 

The  census  just  taken  tells  us  we  have  in  the  township 
2180  souls;  of  whom,  31  males  and  22  males,  a  total  of  53, 
are  over  75  years  of  age ;  and  9  males  and  9  females,  a  total 
of  18,  cannot  read.  Of  these,  1131  are  in  the  village;  of 
whom  14  males  and  17  females,  a  total  of  31,  are  over  75 
years  of  age,  and  3  males  and  2  females,  a  total  of  5,  cannot 
read. 


198  REV.    TIMOTHY   HARRIS. 


CHAPTER  XXXII. 


Rev.  Timothy  Harris  was  born  at  Williamstown,  Massa- 
chusetts, March  15,  1781.  He  graduated  at  Middlebury 
College  with  the  first  honors  of  his  class,  August  21,  1803. 

He  studied  theology  with  Rev.  Mr.  Preston,  of  Rupert, 
Vermont.  In  1807,  having  been  licensed  and  received  his 
"  Recommendatory  Letter,"  dated  August  28th,  he  came 
West  to  visit  friends  in  Southwestern  Ohio.  Reaching 
Marietta,  he  saw  Mr.  Robbins,  who  had  become  so  much  in- 
terested in  the  Granville  people  that  he  made  Mr.  Harris 
promise  to  visit  them  before  he  returned.  Having  preached 
for  six  months  in  Montgomery  county,  he  started  eastward 
again  ;  and  remembering  his  promise  to  Mr.  Robbins,  he  took 
Granville  on  his  way.  We  have  seen  in  the  annals  that  he 
arrived  here  the  latter  part  of  April,  1808,  and  the  way  soon 
opened  for  him  to  remain  permanently  with  this  people. 

September  4th,  1809,  he  married  Miss  Bethia  Linnel,  a 
young  lady  of  his  own  parish,  daughter  of  Joseph  Linnel,  Sr. 

So  much  concerning  Mr.  Harris  is  woven  into  the  events 
of  the  colony,  that  it  only  remains  to  speak  of  his  character. 

Let  it  be  remembered  that  he  was  ever  a  frail  man  and  of 
a  sensitive  nature.  In  youth  he  was  not  strong.  While  in 
his  course  of  study  he  one  day  entered  a  damp  cave,  from 
which  exposure  he  took  a  severe  and  lasting  cold.  In  the 
end  he  threw  off  the  incubus  and  legained  his  usual  strength, 
but  it  made  an  indelible*  mark  upon  his  constitution.  The 
exposure  of  his  missionary  tours,  during  which  he  had  often 
to  swim  swollen  sti earns  on  horse  back,  and  make  tedious 
rides  all  day  through  mud  and  rain,  was  such  as  to  under- 
mine the  strength  he  had.  The  last  years  of  his  pulpit 
labors  were  in  much  weakness,  and  his  salary  was  always 
small  and  precarious. 

Mr.  Harris'  mental  endowments  were  of  a  high  order. 
None  other  could  bear  away  the  highest  honors  of  Middle- 


A   PURITAN.  199 

bury  College.  None  other  could  succeed  as  he  succeeded  in 
carrying  with  him  the  intellects  that  had  been  trained  under 
Dr.  Cooley  of  old  Granville.  None  other  could  produce  the 
striking  papers  recorded  from  his  pen  in  matters  of  admoni- 
tion and  discipline. 

The  influences  that  developed  his  piety  gave  it  a  decided 
puritanic  type.  His  views  on  family  government  were  of  the 
strictest,  yet  his  children  bless  his  memory  and  honor  their 
father's  influence.  So  were  they  on  church  government.  An 
offense  against  the  church's  purity  or  good  order  must  be  as 
publicly  confessed  as  the  offense  was  open. 

It  is  to  be  considered  that  it  was  the  prominent  type  of 
effective  Christianity  with  the  people  among  whom  he  lived. 
There  was  something  of  set  phraseology  and  of  idiom,  and 
possibly  sometimes  of  set  tone  and  look  in  the  expression  of 
their  religious  sentiments.  But  it  did  not  degenerate  into 
cant.  There  was  always  a  sincerity  and  depth  of  experience 
in  their  religion  which  demanded  respect  for  the  slight  man- 
nerism of  its  expression.  When  puritanism  is  genuine  and 
the  life  attests  the  sincerity  of  the  profession,  it  is  grandly 
worthy.     Such  it  was  in  Mr.  Harris. 

The  first  record  of  his  absence  from  the  pulpit  on  account 
of  his  illness  was  May  4th,  1817,  when  Rev.  Ebenezer  Wash- 
burn officiated  in  his  place.  Eighteen  days  before  his  death 
he  received  the  sacrament.  The  following  minutes  on  the 
Records  of  his  Presbytery  was  entered  to  his  memory  :  "The 
Presbytery,  with  deep  regret,  are  called  to  record  the  death 
of  the  Rev.  Timothy  Harris,  one  of  their  members,  who 
departed  this  life  on  Thursday,  the  28th  of  March,  1822." 

A  beautiful  marble  slab  in  the  old  burial  lot  of  the  Licking 
Company,  bears  the  following  inscription  : 


200 


REV.    TIMOTHY   HARRIS. 


Rev. 

Timothy  Harris 

was  born 

in  Williamstown,  Mass., 

March  15th,  1781, 

graduated  at  Middlebury  Coll., 

Aug.  21st,  1805, 
licensed  to  preach  the  gospel, 

May  27th,  1807, 

ordained  &  installed  the  first 

Pastor  of   the    Congregational 

Church  in  Granville,  O., 

Dec.  14th,  1808. 

He  died  beloved  &  lamented. 

March  28th,  1822. 

During  his  ministry  of 

14  years,  150  united  with 

the  church. 

Well  done,  good  &  faithful  servant. 


REV.  AHAB  JINKS.  201 


CHAPTER  XXXIII. 

Rev.  Ahab  Jinks  was  the  son  of  a  Friend,  or  Quaker,  and 
he  was  successively  farmer,  merchant,  preacher,  justice  of  the 
peace,  and  judge.  As  preacher,he  was  Methodist,  Presbyterian, 
Congregational  and  Episcopal.  He  came  to  Granville  in  the 
fall  of  182 1 ;  Mr.  Harris  then  being  unable  to  preach,  though 
still  pastor  of  the  church.  He  preached  his  first  sermon  to 
the  Granville  church,  October  27th,  182 1.  One  of  his  hearers 
thus  describes  him  :  He  u  was  a  man  of  more  than  middling 
size ;  his  aspect  comely  and  prepossessing ;  a  clear,  distinct 
voice;  possessing  a  strong,  retentive  memory,  good  native 
genius,  with  a  mind  well  stored  with  useful  knowledge  for 
his  limited  means;  frank,  open,  generous  in  his  disposition  ; 
with  a  judgment  unstable  and  wavering,  connected  with 
passions  headstrong  and  unsubdued." 

There  had  been  no  regular  preaching  for  a  year.  The  peo- 
ple were  pleased  with  Mr.  Jinks,  and  invited  him  to  preach 
two  months  on  probation.  He  assented,  returning  to  Gran- 
ville after  a  short  absence,  the  middle  of  November.  It  be- 
came known  that  it  inconvenienced  him  to  remain  on  uncer- 
tainties, as  he  must  remove  his  family  from  Dayton,  and  it 
was  exceedingly  desirable  to  decide  his  future  residence 
before  doing  so.  In  these  circumstances,  about  the  middle 
of  December  a  meeting  of  the  Society  was  held  at  the  hotel 
of  Mr.  R  Granger,  at  which  a  majority  thought  it  expedient 
to  give  Mr.  Jinks  a  call  to  become  their  pastor.  The  Church 
was  not  as  well  represented  at  that  meeting  as  the  society, 
and  some  of  the  church  who  were  present  opposed  the  action 
taken.  Nevertheless  Mr.  Jinks  proceeded  to  remove  his 
family  to  the  place,  arriving  near  the  close  of  the  year. 

All  things  continued  satisfactory,  however,  until  the  spring 
of  1823.  Mr.  Jinks  was  minded  to  build  him  a  house,  and 
the  people  were  minded  to  help  him.  An  adequate  sub- 
23 


202  SUNDAY    HOUSE  -  BUILDING. 

scription  was  raised,  a  building  committee  appointed,  and  the 
contract  for  building  given  to  Col.  Lucius  D.  Mower.  Owing 
to  sickness  and  other  hindrances  the  work  was  unseasonably 
delayed.  Saturday,  November  22d,  (1823),  the  walls  still 
lacked  four  or  five  feet  of  proper  height.  The  masons,  having 
other  jobs  on  hand,  felt  the  necessity  of  urging  the  work. 
The  design  of  prosecuting  it  upon  the  Sabbath  began  to  be 
broached.  Three  of  the  hands  being  church  members  dis- 
suaded from  the  step,  telling  the  rest  by  no  means  to  work 
on  the  Sabbath.  When  Mr.  Jinks  was  approached  concerning 
the  matter  his  reply  was  in  substance  that" if  any  work 
could  be  considered  a  work  of  necessity  that  was  one."  It 
is  subsequently  recorded  that  supposing  himself  was  one  of 
the  responsible  workmen,  he  would  not  have  acted  on  that 
opinion,  and  that  he  charged  his  son,  who  was  tending  mason 
the  week  previous,  not  to  go  near  the  building  that  day. 

The  masons,  however,  on  Sabbath  morning  went  to  work. 
The  people  assembling  at  the  hour  of  worship  were  amazed 
to  hear  the  click  of  the  trowel  and  the  shuffling  of  bricks, 
and  to  see  the  work  going  busily  on.  Some  remonstrated 
with  the  workmen,  and  all  but  two  left  the  premises.  "  Some 
of  the  church  went  to  converse  with  Mr.  Jinks  before  meeting. 
Mr.  Jinks  justified  their  working  on  the  principle  of  necessity, 
and  their  feelings  were  wounded."  "  Some  went  home  and 
some  staid  in  the  street  until  Mr.  Jinks  closed  his  forenoon 
services."  This  was  the  beginning  of  troubles  that  rent  the 
Church  into  four  parts  before  they  were  ended. 

The  result  was  the  dismissal  of  Mr.  Jinks.  All  parties 
uniting  in  the  vote.  He  preached  once  more,  and  at  the  close 
of  the  service  absolved  the  people  from  obligation  for  his 
support.  He  then  turned  to  the  Episcopal  Church,  and  in 
1826  began  with  a  few  followers  to  read  the  Episcopal  ser- 
vice. Others  of  his  friends,  however,  formed  a  Presbyterian 
Church  and  invited  him  to  preach  for  them,  raising  a  sub- 
scription for  his  support  of  $310.  It  was  in  the  summer  of 
1826  that,  being  engaged  in  raising  tobacco,  he  is  said  to  have 


REMOVAL   TO   DELAWARE.  203 

employed  and  paid  his  men  on  the  Sabbath ;  regarding  it 
necessary,  as  from  the  backward  spring  the  season  was  far 
advanced  and  the  young  plants  were  not  set  out. 

When  the  time  for  which  he  was  employed  was  expired,  in 
February,  1827,  ne  left  Presbytery  and  connected  himself 
with  the  Episcopal  Church,  reading  service  every  Sabbath. 
He  was  elected  magistrate  by  the  citizens  of  Granville,  and 
began  to  think  of  running  for  Congress.  But  he  finally 
returned  to  Presbytery,  made  acknowledgements  and  obtained 
a  letter  of  dismission  to  the  Columbus  Presbytery,  and 
removed  with  his  family  to  Delaware,  O.  He  preached  for  a 
time  to  the  church  in  Genoa  Township,  Delaware  County. 
Afterwards  he  was  elected  Associate  Judge  of  Court  of 
Common  Pleas.     He  died  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 


204  REV.  JACOB  LITTLE,  D.D. 


CHAPTER  XXXIV. 

Rev.  Jacob  Little,  t).D.,  was  the  son  of  Jesse  Little  and 
Martha  Gerrish  Little,  of  Boscawen,  N.  H.  His  paternal  and 
maternal  ancestors  were  among  the  earliest  settlers  of  that 
town,  residing  on  Little  Hill,  and  were  Christian  people.  He 
was  born  May  ist,  1795.  He  united  with  the  Congregational 
Church,  in  which  his  parents  and  other  relatives  were  active 
members,  June  25th,  1815.  His  youth  was  spent  amid  the  ac- 
tive out-of-door  duties  of  New  England  farm  life.  His  father 
owned  a  second  piece  of  land  several  miles  from  home  and  high 
among  the  hills.  Thither,  in  his  boyhood,  he  used  to  go  to 
labor,  taking  with  him  a  supply  of  food  and  conveniences ; 
and  after  working  hard  all  day  he  would  lie  down  in  a  shanty 
and  sleep  sweetly,  rising  early  to  renew  his  labors,  thus  gain- 
ing time  for  several  hours  of  evening  and  morning  toil, 
which  else  would  be  consumed  in  going  and  coming  to  and 
from  the  family  home.  He  early  commenced  to  study  with 
his  pastor,  Dr.  Samuel  Wood,  D.D.  His  academic  studies 
were  finished  at  Meriden  Academy.  He  entered  Dartmouth 
College,  from  which  he  graduated,  August  21st,  1822.  From 
college  he  went  to  Andover  Theological  Seminary.  While 
there  he  wrote  a  dissertation  on  the  religion  of  the  Grand 
Lama,  which  was  read  before  the  Society  of  Religious 
Inquiry  of  the  Seminary,  and  afterwards  published.  After 
finishing  his  course  at  Andover  he  was  ordained  as  an  Evan- 
gelist at  GofTstow'n,  and  soon  after  began  to  preach  at 
Hoosick,  N.  Y.  Here  his  labors  were  greatly  blessed,  par- 
ticularly his  Bible  Class  instructions.  About  "  eighty  were 
hopefully  converted,  and  the  young  people  traced  their 
awakening  to  that  Bible  Class."  In  1826,  having  married 
Lucy,  daughter  of  Capt.  Joseph  Gerrish,  June  ist,  he  came 
to  Ohio  and  located  at  Belpre,  in  Washington  County. 

Mr.    William   Slocomb,    during    his   missionary   visit   in 


ENTERS   UPON   HIS    LABORS.  205 

August,  1826,  spoken  of  in  the  annals,  had  called  the  attention 
of  some  of  the  Granville  Church  to  Mr.  Little  as  a  promising 
young  man,  and  one  suitable  for  their  pastor. 

Mr.  Little  visited  Granville,  but  the  first  Sabbath  had  a 
very  sparse  congregation.  He  visited  among  the  families, 
and  a  favorable  impression  was  made  on  both  sides.  A  call 
was  offered  him,  and  he  agreed  to  accept  it. 

He  began  his  labors  June  1st,  1827.  His  tact  and  geniality 
succeeded  in  bringing  all  parties  into  harmony.  Where  one 
was  disaffected,  a  special  visit  was  almost  sure  to  bring  him 
over.  Every  one  was  made  to  feel  that  he  was  specially 
relied  upon  to  bring  about  a  better  understanding  among  the 
people.  The  old  divisions  were  healed,  and  God's  blessing 
followed. 

A  call  to  the  pastoral  office  was  made  September  n,  1828, 
after  fifteen  months'  acquaintance,  the  call  was  accepted,  and 
Mr.  Little  was  installed. 

He  entered  with  zeal  and  energy  upon  a  well  planned 
course  of  labors.  As  a  pastor  he  was  rarely  equalled.  It  was 
a  principle  with  him  to  visit,  at  least  once  a  year,  every  indi- 
vidual who  came  to  hear  him  preach.  His  parish  extended 
from  two  to  four  miles  in  every  direction.  At  one  time  his 
church  numbered  four  hundred  members.  There  must  have 
been  families  enough  to  require  of  him  a  visit  almost  daily  to 
observe  this  rule  and  to  make  the  extraordinary  calls  which 
would  also  arise  in  so  large  a  congregation.  As  a  preacher, 
he  gave  his  people  a  good  variety, .bringing  out  of  his  treasure 
things  new  and  old.  He  made  the  sanctuary  attractive.  His 
Bible  classes,  held  on  alternate  Sabbath  evenings  in  the  vil- 
lage and  on  one  of  the  streets  leading  out  of  town,  were 
meant  to  bring  under  the  influence  of  the  church  and  the  means 
of  grace  administered  by  his  hands,  all  the  families  of  the  town- 
ship, and  even  beyond,  who  were  willing  to  be  thus  influenced. 
The  people  responded  to  this  influence  by  coming  to  his 
Sabbath  services  In  early  times  they  would  come  pouring 
into  town  in  double  lumber  wagons,  on  horseback  or  on  foot, 


206  HIS   SECOND   MARRIAGE. 

coming  thus  a  distance  in  some  cases  of  four  miles  or  more. 
Afterward  large,  open,  spring  buggies  would  bring  the  fam- 
ilies. No  one  thought  of  staying  at  home  unless  sickness  or 
the  care  of  little  ones  required  it.  The  streets  Were  lined 
with  conveyances  for  a  square  or  more  each  side  of  the  church. 
Within,  the  family  seats  were  comfortably  filled,  and  the 
galleries  were  sometimes  crowded.  About  1840,  it  was  not 
unusual  to  look  in  vain  for  a  vacant  seat  in  the  galleries.  The 
choir  numbered  about  sixty  singers.  The  morning  sermon 
was  always  written  ;  a  doctrinal  discourse,  on  some  weighty 
subject,  on  which  he  had  bestowed  much  thought.  The 
afternoon  brought  the  congregation  out  again,  the  intermis- 
sion having  been  (in  the  later  years)  occupied  by  the  Sabbath 
School.  The  second  sermon  was  generally  delivered  from 
brief  notes,  but  was  well  studied. 

The  revivals  which  blessed  Mr.  Little's  labors  were  a  fea- 
ture of  his  ministry.  They  occurred  on  an  average  as  often 
as  every  three  years.  [See  chapter  XXXV,  Granville  Plan  of 
Union  Church.] 

In  his  entire  pastorate  of  thirty-seven  and  one  half  years 
Mr.  Little  received  six  hundred  and  sixty-four  converts. 

Mrs.  Lucy  Little  died  during  the  sickly  season  of  1834, 
Sunday,  October  5th,  her  husband  also  being  too  sick  at  the 
time  to  see  her.     [See  Annals.] 

On  Wednesday,  the  23d  of  March,  1836,  Mr.  Little  married 
his  second  wife,  Miss  Ann  D.,  daughter  of  Hon.  Thomas  M. 
Thompson,  one  of  his  parishoners.  The  marriage  was  on  this 
wise.  Mr.  Little  requested  a  special  attendance  at  the  Wed- 
nesday conference,  then  held  at  four  o'clock,  p.  m.,  giving  out 
11  Domestic  Relations"  as  the  subject  that  was  to  be  consid- 
ered. Special  invitations  were  sent  to  some,  and  a  general 
curiosity  was  awakened.  In  response  to  his  notice  there  was 
a  full  meeting,  Mr.  Garland  being  in  the  desk  with  Mr.  Little. 
The*  usual  programme  being  through,  Mr.  Little  stepped  from 
the  desk,  and  taking  Miss  Thompson,  who  sat  conveniently 
near,  led  her  in  front  of  the  desk,  and  Mr.  Garland,  some- 


A  TEMPERANCE  ADVOCATE.  207 

what  embarrassed,  performed  the  marriage  ceremony,  much 
to  the  surprise  of  those  present. 

He  was  from  the  first  a  prominent  temperance  advocate. 
When  he  came  here  the  temperance  reformation  had  just 
begun.  He  had  felt  its  influence  in  the  east,  but  it  had  not 
yet  reached  the  western  frontier.  He  introduced  the  subject 
into  the  pulpit,  and  in  1828  the  first  temperance  organization 
was  brought  about. 

Mr.  Little  was  appreciated  away  from  home.  At  the 
annual  commencement  in  July,  1855,  Marietta  College  con- 
ferred upon  him  the  honorary  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity. 
His  sermons  on  public  occasions  were  often  asked  for 
publication. 

Mr.  Little  was  appreciated  also  by  his  own  people  through 
most  of  his  long  pastorate,  and  that  appreciation  still  lingers 
with  a  glow  of  affection  in  the  breast  of  many  a  disciple. 
Toward  the  last  of  his  life  in  Granville,  however,  there  were 
some  alienations  and  unkind  criticisms,  which  made  a  deep 
impression  upon  his  aged  heart.  Better  were  it  that  a  people 
among  whom  thirty-seven  years  of  unusual  fidelity,  earnest- 
ness and  laboriousness  had  been  expended,  had  borne  a  little 
longer  with  those  infirmities  and  reaped  a  little  longer  from 
those  labors,  infirm  though  they  might  have  been.  Then 
might  the  parting  have  been  in  friendship,  and  that  setting 
sun  have  gone  down  with  one  cloud  less  to  shadow  it. 

In  1863,  he  was  called  to  take  part  in  the  instruction  at 
Lane  Seminary,  in  a  course  of  lectures  on  Pastoral  Theology. 
Subsequently  he  published  a  long  series  of  articles  on  the 
Pastoral  Office,  in  the  C.  C.  Herald. 

He  resigned  his  pastorate  December  4,  1864,  and  went  im- 
mediately to  a  piece  of  wood  land  in  northern  Indiana,  lying 
about  three  miles  from  Warsaw,  where  he  lived  a  retired  life 
until  failing  strength  admonished  him  to  lay  aside  his  cares, 
and  he  went  to  spend  his  last  days  with  his  son  Charles,  in 
Wabash,  Indiana. 

At  Warsaw  he  lived  two  and  a  half  miles  from  church,  and 


208  HIS    UNTIRING   INDUSTRY. 

because  it  was  unsafe  for  him  to  manage  his  horses,  he  and 
his  wife  walked  that  distance  to  church,  for  a  large  part  of 
the  time,  constantly. 

At  seventy-two  years  of  age  he  preached  to  a  church 
twenty-seven  miles  distant  for  a  year,  and  never  missed  an 
appointment.  At  seventy-four,  he  supplied  the  church  at 
Warsaw  a  year.  The  last  occasion  on  which  he  occupied  the 
pulpit  was  at  the  installation  of  his  son  Charles. 

He  died  December  17th,  1876,  aged  eighty-one  years,  seven 
months  and  sixteen  days. 

One  of  Dr.  Little's  prominent  traits  was  his  untiring  in- 
dustry. He  had  an  energy  that  quailed  at  nothing,  and  a 
perseverence  that  knew  no  failure.  The  light  of  his  study 
window  was  the  first  to  shine  in  the  early  morning,  having 
been  the  last  also  to  be  extinguished  at  night.  He  always 
had  manual  labor  of  some  sort  on  hand  for  himself  and  boys. 
By  dinner  time  an  ordinary  day's  work  was  done. 

He  was  very  methodical  in  his  work.  The  day  was  sys- 
tematically arranged  in  routine  duties — study,  manual  labor, 
visiting,  etc.;  so  also  was  the  year. 

He  had  a  physique  that  enabled  him  to  accomplish  far 
more  than  the  average  man.  He  inherited  a  good  constitu- 
tion. It  was  early  inured  to  activity  and  steady  toil  in 
mountain  air.  He  required  little  sleep.  Five  hours  seemed 
to  suffice  him,  and  he  could  rarely  lie  longer  than  six  hours. 
Retiring  at  ten,  he  was  awake  and  restless  at  three  or  four. 

He  was  of  good  mental  endowment.  His  cast  of  mind 
was  of  the  Aristotelian  rather  than  the  Platonic  mold.  He 
sought  for  and  laid  hold  of  facts,  from  which  he  deduced 
principles.  His  brain  was  prominent  at  the  base,  and  his 
mental  operations  were  likewise  wide  at  the  foundation.  He 
was  not  stubborn  ;  but  as  long  as  he  was  upheld  by  facts,  a 
pyramid  were  as  easily  overturned  as  he  to  be  moved  from 
his  positions. 

His  piety  was  deep,  but  of  an  unostentatious  kind.  He 
had  laid  himself  on  God's  altar.     His  prayers  were  constant 


AN   ORGANIZER.  209 

and  fervent  and  he  had  a  depth  of  desire  beyond  all  that  he 
.seemed  able  to  express  in  words.  His  public  prayers  were 
brief,  but  very  comprehensive,  and  like  everything  else,  sys- 
tematic. 

He  was  a  master  workman  and  an  adept  in  setting  others 
to  work.  In  his  prayer  meetings  he  would  name  from  three 
to  half  a  dozen  to  make  remarks  on  a  specified  subject,  and 
they  were  so  trained  that  few  declined  to  express  their  views . 
when  called  on.  He  developed  the  lay  talent  to  a  wonderful 
degree,  and  availed  himself  in  all  departments  of  labor  of 
the  aid  of  others. 


210  PLAN   OF   UNION   CHURCH. 


CHAPTER  XXXV. 


The  history  of  the  Congregational  Church  up  to  182 1  has 
been  given  in  the  annals  as  being  largely  identical  with  the 
history  of  the  colony ;  and  subsequently  up  to  1827,  ^n  con~ 
nection  with  Mr.  Jinks'  pastorate.  Of  the  four  elements  into 
which  the  Congregational  Church  had  become  separated,  viz.: 
the  Congregational,  First  Presbyterian,  Second  Presbyterian, 
and  Episcopal,  the  first  three  were  about  to  come  together 
again,  while  the  fourth  continued  in  a  separate  organization. 

In  these  circumstances  a  paper  was  circulated  through  the 
three  churches  to  ascertain  the  preferences  of  the  members 
as  to  a  form  of  organization.  Fifty-seven  preferred  the  Pres- 
byterian form  ;  nineteen,  the  Congregational ;  and  thirty- 
seven,  a  union  of  the  two  ;  that  is,  to  be  Congregational  with 
the  right  of  appeal  to  Presbytery.  Originally  the  church  was 
Congregational,  and  so  remained  in  its  internal  polity,  except 
through  the  brief  period  of  its  troubles  preceding  1827,  until 
the  year  1872.  But  its  early  pastor,  Mr.  Harris,  although  a 
Congregationalist,  found  himself  and  church  so  isolated  in 
Christian  fellowship,  that  he  thought  it  best  to  unite  with 
Presbytery  and  have  his  church,  in  conformity  with  the  spirit 
of  the  "  Plan  of  Union,"  represented  there  also  by  a  delegate. 
Mr.  Little,  likewise  a  Congregationalist,  took  the  same  view 
of  the  situation ;  and  so  did  the  church  as  a  body.  The 
number,  in  1827,  preferring  the  Presbyterian  polity  "  was  a 
majority  of  the  whole  by  one  half  a  vote,"  but  the  medium 
ground  was  chosen  from  the  spirit  of  conciliation  which 
reigned  among  them ;  and  hence,  the  church  became  a  Plan 
of  Union  Church. 

The  printed  Articles  of  Faith,  with  Scripture  proofs,  to- 
gether with  the  Form  of  Government  which  had  been  adopted 
by  the  Congregational  Church  at  the  first,  was  adopted  by  this 
organization;  and  the  minutes  of  the  two  Presbyterian 
Churches  were  ordered  to  be  consolidated  for  the  use  of  the 


CONFERENCE  OF  CHURCHES.  211 

re-united  church.     Historically  they  desired  to  stand  as  the 
continuation  of  the  church  of  the  colony. 

Lemuel  Rose,  Amasa  Howe,  and  Silas  Winchel  became 
the  deacons  of  the  new  church. 

In  1828,  July  7th,  the  church  united  with  others  of  like 
faith  in  the  Licking  County  Conference,  there  being  ten  in 
all.  They  met  from  place  to  place  about  once  a  quarter, 
taking  the  churches  in  turn,  and  spending  two  days  in  a 
place,  receiving  reports  from  all  and  uniting  in  religious  ser- 
vices. A  prayerful  spirit  was  always  developed,  and  the  most 
effective  preaching  was  always  enjoyed.  Generally  conver- 
sions resulted.  These  conferences  were  continued  unil  1834, 
and  were  a  means  of  greatly  strengthening  the  churches 
uniting  in  it. 

From  1828  to  1831  there  was  an  almost  uninterrupted 
revival,  and  1832  followed  with  one  of  the  most  pungent 
works  ever  known  in  Granville.  During  the  year  1828,  seven- 
ty-seven persons  united  on  examination,  and  in  183 1,  one 
hundred  and  seven,  and  between  the  two  seasons  of  interest, 
fifteen. 

A  description  of  the  revival  of  1831  from  Mr.  Little's  own 
pen,  will  give  an  impressive  view  of  the  scenes  so  often  wit- 
nessed in  the  history  of  this  church.  It  was  in  connection 
with  one  of  the  meetings  of  The  Conference  of  Churches,- 
and  the  weather  was  very  propitious. 

"The  Church  was  in  a  high  state  of  activity,  going  out  in  the 
intervals  of  worship  &  bringing  in  the  impenitent.  The  state 
of  the  atmosphere  was  but  a  representation  of  feeling  among 
christians.  All  the  air  was  love.  Almost  every  member  had  a 
high  degree  of  religious  enjoyment  for  many  days.  It  seemed 
almost  as  if  Heaven  had  come  down  &  filled  the  hearts  of  men. 

*  *  Sick  families  *  *  had  the  Spirit  of  God, 
&  conversions  in  their  houses  at  home.  In  all  this  engagedness 
there  was  not  one  late  [continued]  meeting.  *  *  Long 
exercises  were  regarded  as  detrimental  to  revivals.  No  inquiry 
meeting  *         *       was  over  an  hour.     At  the  close  of  the 

sermon  all  were  exhorted  to  now  seek  an  interest  in  Christ. 


212  REVIVAL   OF    1832. 

"It  was  stated  that  the  choir  would  sing  four  stanzas,  &  at 
the  commencement  of  the  fourth,  one  of  the  ministers  would 
leave  the  pulpit  and  go  to  the  inquiry  room,  [in  the  Methodist 
Church  about  twenty  rods  distant,]  &  all  who  were  resolved  to 
now  seek  an  interest  in  Christ,  would  go  with  him.  They  were 
requested  to  make  up  their  minds  whether  they  would  now  seek 
Christ,  while  the  first  three  verses  were  being  sung,  so  that  the 
great  question  would  be  decided  by  the  time  they  reached  the 
fourth.  Here  followed  a  time  of  suspense  &  anxiety  that  can 
not  be  described. 

"  At  that  day,  going  to  the  inquiry  meeting  meant  something. 
Who  would   rise  before  the  audience  &  their  companions  in 

"While  parents  were  agonizing  in  prayer,  the  countenances 
of  their  children,  alternating  from  red  to  white,  betrayed  the 
struggle  within.  Some  were  afraid  to  have  the  third  verse  end, 
&  the  voices  of  some  singers  faltered.  But  it  ended,  &  the  min- 
ister rose,  &  simultaneously  some  rose  from  all  parts  of  the 
house  &  went  with  him.  The  eyes  of  many  were  eager  to  see 
the  course  their  children  &  friends  would  take.  Seeing  a  cloud 
of  more  than  seventy  youth  &  young  married  people,  the  flower 
of  our  population,  bending  their  way  to  the  inquiry  meeting, 
both  ministers  and  people  freely  wept.  A  good  portion  of  the 
singers  covered  their  eyes  &  let  such  as  could,  finish  the  fourth 
verse." 

Theie  were  two  hundred  inquirers  during  this  meeting  and 

"from  one  hundred  &  thirty  to  one  hundred  &  fifty  were  hope- 
fully converted  during  the  year.  The  converts  were  remarkably 
clear  &  happy,  &  it  was  found  expedient  for  two  months  to  give 
them  a  separate  inquiry  meeting,  where  they  had  some  of  the 
happiest  meetings  which  are  enjoyed  this  side  of  heaven," 

The  following  table  will  give  the  numbers  added  on  the 
several  occasions  similar  to  the  above  during  the  history  of 
the  Church : 

In   1808  were  added    40,   Mr.  Harris,  Pastor. 


1818 

" 

" 

21, 

(c        <« 

1822 

ti 

" 

53, 

■       Jinks 

1828 

i« 

it 

84, 

11      Little 

1831 

<  ( 

ti 

116, 

«          11 

1832 

II 

<< 

24, 

«          11 

1835 

II 

(( 

25.    ' 

<          n 

EVANGELISTIC   WORK. 


213 


e  added  82,  Mr.  Little,  Pastor. 


28,   ' 

«          <( 

44, 

«          «« 

23,     ' 

56, 

18, 

«          <  < 

21,     ' 

1       Beach 

30,     ' 
3i,     ' 
30, 

«     Dudley 
1     Hervey 

In  1837  we 

"  1840 

"  1842 

«  1847 

"  1851 

"  1862 

'«  1866 

"  1869 

"  1874 

"  1879 


The  church  early  became  a  practical  temperance  society ; 
resolving,  April  9th,  1831,  "  unanimously,  That  no  person  be 
received  into  this  church  who  drinks,  buys,  sells,  or  manu- 
factures ardent  spirits,  except  for  medicinal  or  mechanical 
purposes."  It  has  ever  since  stood  in  the  van  guard  of  the 
cause  of  temperance. 

About  1833,  it  was  very  active  in  sustaining  Sabbath 
schools  in  all  the  region  around.  Seventy  or  eighty  members 
of  the  church  were  engaged  in  this  work,  sustaining  eighteen 
Sabbath  schools  that  embraced  eight  hundred  scholars,  with 
a  constant  attendance  ol  five  hundred.  Ten  young  men 
were  looking  forward  to  the  gospel  ministry. 

At  the  same  time  there  was  great  assiduity  in  supplying 
the  region  around  with  Bibles  and  with  religious  literature. 
No  head  of  a  family  in  the  church  neglected  family  worship, 
and  from  sixteen  to  twenty  social  meetings  were  held  in 
different  parts  of  the  parish. 

In  1832,  the  church  was  incorporated.  Two  hundred  fam- 
ilies were  represented  in  the  church  at  this  time. 

In  1838,  there  were  five  hundred  and  sixty-eight  church 
members  in  the  township,  this  church  having  four  hundred 
and  fifteen.  This  was  the  year  of  the  great  agitation  in  the 
Presbyterian  church  consequent  upon  the  exscinding  of  the 
New  School  Synods  containing  five  hundred  ministers  and 
sixty  thousand  communicants.  But  this  church  being  of  one 
mind  was  not  greatly  affected  by  the  movement.  The  tem- 
perance pledge  was  at  this  time  one  that  required  abstinence 


214  SUSPENSIONS  —  INNOVATIONS. 

from  all  that  intoxicates,  instead  of  ardent  spirits ;  i.  e.,  from 
fermented  as  well  as  distilled  liquors.  The  subscribers  num- 
bered three  hundred.     It  was  called  the  teetotal  pledge. 

In  1839,  the  church  was  obliged  to  suspend  one  of  its 
members  for  "  being  perfect  and  breaking  the  Sabbath." 

In  1840,  the  practice  of  sending  a  lay  delegate  to  Presbytery 
seems  to  have  fallen  into  disuse,  but  being  invited  by  a  letter 
from  Presbytery  the  church  resumed  the  practice. 

In  1841,  the  church  voted,  only  eight  being  opposed  to  it, 
to  raise  the  funds  for  church  expenses  by  taxation  of  the 
membership  on  the  basis  of  the  grand  list.  The  experiment 
did  not  prove  so  satisfactory  as  to  be  continued  long. 

In  1844,  April  24th,  strong  anti-slavery  ground  was  taken 
by  the  church,  in  two  series  of  resolutions.  In  the  same 
year,  the  fruits  of  the  so-called  Millerite  excitement  began  to 
appear.  The  church  was  obliged  to  take  action  against 
several  of  Miller's  adherents  for  unchristian  conduct,  who 
were  suspended  during  the  year  following. 

In  1846,  the  church  in  its  internal  polity  so  far  departed 
from  Congregationalism  pure  and  simple,  as  to  appoint  a 
standing  committee  of  five,  to  attend  to  cases  of  discipline 
and  aid  the  pastor  in  examining  candidates  for  admission  to 
the  church,  and  to  do  such  other  business  as  the  church  might 
commit  to  them. 

In  1851,  the  innovation  of  sitting  in  time  of  prayer  began 
to  show  itself.  The  number  of  families  represented  in  the 
church  at  this  time  was  one  hundred  and  seventy-five. 

In  1855,  the  church  gave  to  benevolent  objects,  $2,464.00. 

The  anniversary  sermons  of  1858-9  are  both  largely  taken 
up  with  the  endeavor  to  influence  the  people  to  retain  their 
position,  as  a  Plan  of  Union  Church,  rather  than  change  for 
either  polity  in  its  purity. 

Having  been  for  a  year  or  two  considering  what  change  to 
make  in  their  house  of  worship,  as  the  frame  of  the  old 
church  hardly  warranted  repairs,  in  1858  they  resolved  to 
build  as  soon  as  slips  in  the  new  structure  could  be  sold  to 


THE    BRICK   CHURCH.  215 

the  amount  of  $6,500.  The  contract  for  the  new  house,  to 
be  built  on  the  ground  so  long  occupied  by  the  old  one,  was 
signed  May  19th,  1859.  Mr.  Wm.  Werden,  long  a  prominent 
builder  in  the  place,  was  the  contractor.  The  old  house 
began  to  be  demolished  March  12th,  i860.  The  new  house 
cost  $10,800.  The  $4000  above  the  sale  of  slips  was  provided 
for  by  sixteen  men,  who  furnished  the  money  in  shares  of 
$200,  trusting  to  the  subsequent  sale  of  slips  to  reimburse 
them.  It  was  dedicated,  December  25th,  1861,  Dr.  A.  Kings- 
bury, of  Putnam,  preaching  the  sermon  from  Jude  3rd, : 
" Earnestly  contend  for  the  faith  which  was  once  delivered  unto 
the  saints."  The  first  place  of  worship  for  the  church  was 
out  of  doors,  beside  the  prostrate  tree.  The  second  was  the 
hastily  constructed  cabin  of  Judge  Rose.  The  third  was  the 
log  school  house.  The  fourth  was  the  small  frame  built  in 
1810.  The  fifth  was  the  large  frame  built  in  1816,  which,  in 
1836  was  so  far  remodeled  in  seats,  pulpit,  and  steeple  as  to 
pass  for  the  sixth.  The  seventh  is  the  spacious  brick  now 
spoken  of. 

The  last  of  Dr.  Little's  New  Year's  sermons  was  preached 
in  1864.  From  it  we  cull  the  following  facts.  There  had 
been  dismissed  to  other  churches,  six  hundred  and  eighty- 
five  members  in  fifty-eight  years,  and  two  hundred  had  died. 
The  church  had  received  by  letter,  four  hundred  and  forty- 
two  members;  and  by  profession,  eight  hundred  and  twenty; 
in  all  one  thousand  two  hundred  and  sixty- two.  Except  in 
1862,  the  church  had  not  for  thirty  years  numbered  less  than 
three  hundred  members.  The  church  had  given  to  the 
world  nineteen  ministers,  thirty-two  ministers'  wives,  and 
forty-seven  elders  or  deacons.  There  were  twenty-three 
members  of  the  church  over  seventy  years  of  age. 

The  history  now  comes  within  the  memory  of  even  the 
comparatively  young.  The  succeeding  pastors  are  yet  amid 
the  activities  of  middle  life,  and  will  be  content  to  have 
their  labors  chronicled  in  after  years. 

Rev.  Edward  A.   Beech  was   pastor  from   1865  to    1870. 


216  CHURCH   BECOMES   PRESBYTERIAN. 

Failing  health  compelled. him  to  abandon  the  ministerial  life. 
He  was  soon  tendered  a  professorship  in  Marietta  College, 
which  position  he  accepted,  and  in  which  he  is  still  serving. 

In  1869,  new  chandeliers  and  a  communion  set  were  added 
to  the  church  furniture. 

In  1870,  the  congregation  united  in  giving  Rev.  A.  S. 
Dudley,  of  Logansport,  Indiana,  a  call,  which  he  accepted. 
While  pastor  elect,  he  addressed  a  letter  to  the  church, 
through  Deacon  E.  Abbott,  on  the  subject  of  a  change  in 
the  polity  of  the  church,  suggesting  that  the  present  would 
be  a  favorable  time  for  them  to  change  to  a  thoroughly 
Presbyterian  organization.  The  letter  was  read  at  a  meeting 
held  August  17th,  1870,  and  on  August  31st,  a  vote  was 
passed,  sixty-three  to  eleven,  taking  such  action. 

Eight  elders  were  elected  on  the  rotary  system,  the  full 
term  of  office  being  eight  years;  the  two  oldest  elected  were 
to  serve  two  years,  and  be  subject  to  re-election;  the  next 
two  in  age,  for  four  years,  and  so  on.  The  first  incumbents 
were  as  follows  in  the  order  of  age :  Deacons  G.  P.  Bancroft 
and  T.  M.  Rose;  Deacons  Elizur  Abbott  and  Edwin  C.  Wright; 
Messrs.  Wm.  S.  Wright  and  Wm  Nichol;  Deacon  Timothy 
Rose  and  Hon.  W.  P.  Kerr.  The  following  gentlemen  have 
succeeded  to  the  office  at  the  several  elections  since  held. 
Geo.  B.  Magoon,  Henry  L.  Bancroft,  C.  P.  Grimsley,  T.  J 
Robinson,  John  H.  Sample,  John  D.  Evans,  Chas.  Wynkoop. 

April  25th,  1875,  Mr.  Dudley  preached  his  farewell  sermon, 
having  been  called  to  the  pastorate  of  Lane  Seminary  church. 

September  29th  of  the  same  year,  Rev.  Dwight  B.  Hervey, 
formerly  of  Mt.  Vernon,  having  accepted  a  call,  was  installed 
pastor  of  the  church,  and  still  remains  its  faithful  minister. 


THE    GRANVILLE    BAPTIST   CHURCH.  217 


CHAPTER  XXXVI. 

Until  1819  "The  First  Regular  Baptist  Church  of  Gran- 
ville," located  on  the  Welsh  Hills,  continued  to  be  the  only 
one  of  the  Baptist  denomination  in  the  township.  There 
were  some  members  in  the  south  and  west  parts  of  the  town- 
ship who  found  it  inconvenient  to  go  so  far ;  they,  moreover, 
used  the  English  language  only,  while  their  Welsh  breth- 
ren inclined  to  their  native  tongue.  Meanwhile,  other  Bap- 
tists had  come  into  St.  Albans,  the  township  adjoining  on  the 
west.  These  being  on  contiguous  territory  with  the  English 
speaking  part  of  the  other  congregation,  the  two  circles  had 
begun  to  meet  together  for  religious  services  in  more  con- 
venient places. 

On  Wednesday,  the  19th  of  May,  1819,  they  met  to  con- 
sider the  propriety  of  a  church  organization.  Elder  George 
Evans,  recently  from  Massachusetts,  was  with  them.  As  a 
basis  for  an  organization  they  adopted  their  articles  of  faith 
and  covenant,  and  appointed  another  meeting  for  definitive 
action. 

Sunday,  June  6th,  they  met  again,  and  with  them  Elders 
Jacob  Drake,  of  Delaware,  and  John  Mott,  of  Millar  town- 
ship. A  council  was  organized,  in  connection  with  pro- 
tracted religious  services,  all  three  ministers  preaching  in 
succession,  a  church  was  formed,  and  the  Lord's  supper  was 
administered.  It  was  at  the  house  of  Jonathan  Atwood,  Esq., 
in  St.  Albans  township,  and  the  church  was  styled,  "  The 
Baptist  Church  of  Christ  in  Granville  and  St.  Albans."  The 
members  uniting  in  covenant  were  Levi  Nichols,  James 
Hair,  Abraham  Chandler,  Sandford  Castle,  Timothy  Spel- 
man,  Jr.,  Thomas  Green,  David  Adams,  Salome  Squire, 
Mary  Atwood,  Philenda  Jewett,  Sarah  Craw,  Mary  Drake, 
Rhoda  Burnet,  Anna  Chandler,  Jerusha  Baker,  Sarah  Kelley, 
Betsy  Case,  Louisa  Woods,  Polly  Phelps.  Total  19. 
24 


218  ORIGINAL   MEMBERS. 

In  September  of  the  same  year,  this  church  was  received 
into  fellowship  by  the  Columbus  Association. 

For  three  years  Elder  Evans  continued  to  minister  to  them 
occasionally,  but  declined  to  settle  with  them. 

For  the  next  three  years,  from  October  22d,  1822,  Elder 
John  Hanover  preached  to  them  every  fourth  Sabbath.  At 
first  the  place  of  meeting  alternated  between  Granville  and 
St.  Albans  townships,  but  afterwards,  for  the  preachers'  con- 
venience, they  always  met  in  St.  Albans.  u  In  the  latter 
part  of  his  pastorate,  the  church  secured  a  further  partial 
supply.  For  some  months  Elder  DeBolt  preached  once  a 
month,  so  that  there  was  Divine  service  every  second 
Sabbath." 

At  this  time  a  two-thirds  majority  of  the  church  seems  to  have 
been  living  on  the  Granville  side  of  the  line.  In  1826,  the 
church  desiring  to  choose  another  minister,  it  so  happened 
that  the  Granville  part  preferred  Elder  Azariah  Hanks,  while 
the  St.  Albans  part  preferred  a  minister  recently  from  New 
London,  Connecticut,  Elder  Daniel  Wildman,  who  being  a  rel- 
ative of  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  clock  factory,  was  tarrying 
among  them.  It  was  finally  arranged  that  both  men  should 
be  employed ;  that  Mr.  Hanks  should  preach  two-thirds  of 
the  time  to  the  Granville  people,  and  Mr.  Wildman  one-third 
of  the  time  to  the  St.  Albans  people,  the  two  parties  still 
uniting  in  the  rotating  assemblies,  once  in  St.  Albans  and 
twice  in  Granville. 

This  arrangement  naturally,  or  providentially,  led  to  the 
realization  that  they  were  trying  to  occupy  with  one  church 
a  field  that  was  large  enough  and  diverse  enough  for  two, 
and  it  was  not  long  until  two  distinct  organizations  were 
brought  about  in  the  regular  way ;  and  thus  began  the  Gran- 
ville Baptist  Church. 

The  first  pastor  of  this  church  was  Elder  James  Berry,  a 
man  of  plain  but  pleasant  manners,  a  sincere  Christian  and  a 
devoted  minister.  He  took  charge  of  the  church  April  26th, 
1828,   preaching  to  them  one-half   the  time.     His  earnest 


ELDER   HENRY   CARR.  219 

labors  were  blessed,  a  revival  followed  and  the  church  was 
trebled  in  membership.  Their  place  of  meeting  at  this  time 
was  the  brick  academy  at  the  head  of  Main  Street.  He  soon 
moved  for  a  house  of  worship,  and  the  second  year  of  his 
labors  saw  the  house  rising  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Broad 
and  Cherry  Streets,  which  continued  the  home  of  the  church 
for  twenty  years,  though  not  fully  completed  until  1833. 
[See  Annals,  1829.]  It  was  some  time  before  the  house 
was-  finished,  there  being  a  temporary  floor  of  planks, 
temporary  seats,  and  the  walls  being  unplastered,  but  in 
due  time  it  was  complete,  with  a  large  bell  and  all  needed 
furnishings. 

From  this  time  the  church  began  to  feel  the  benefits  of 
having  the  "  Literary  and  Theological  Institution  "  located 
among  them.  Prof.  Pratt  was  on  the  ground,  often  preach- 
ing for  them  on  the  vacant  Sabbaths.  The  pious  young 
men  attending  the  college  added  much  to  the  strength  of  the 
church  and  the  interest  of  their  meetings. 

January  25th,  1832,  "  The  First  Baptist  Society "  was 
incorporated,  Daniel  Shepardson,  Alanson  Sinnett  and  Daniel 
Dusenbury  being  named  in  the  Act  as  Trustees. 

After  four  years'  service,  Elder  Berry  began  to  preach  to 
the  Welsh  Hills  Baptist  Church  and  was  succeeded  in  the 
pastorate  of  the  Granville  church  by  Elder  Henry  Carr,  July 
27th,  1833.  During  a  brief  interim  the  church  was  served 
for  longer  or  shorter  periods  by  Elders  Nathan  Wildman, 
Allen  Darrow  and  Hiram  Gear.  Mr.  Gear  came  to  Ohio  in 
1832,  as  a  Home  Missionary  Agent,  and  made  Granville  his 
headquarters.  Mr.  Carr  had  been  engaged  to  come  but  was 
not  ready,  and  Mr.  Gear  preached  for  six  months.  Mr.  Carr 
was  tall  and  well  proportioned  in  person,  and  was  a  very 
earnest  speaker.  He  was  born  near  Ostrander,  Ohio.  His 
ministry  was  greatly  blessed.  With  the  exception  of  two 
years,  the  fourth  and  fifth  after  his  arrival,  Elder  Carr  con- 
tinued the  acceptable  .pastor  of  the  church  until  the  fall  of 
1842.     Those  two  years  (1836-8)  the  pulpit  was  filled  by  Rev. 


220  REVS.  TURNEY,  BAILEY,  HALL. 

Samuel  B.  Swain,  Dr.  Jonathan  Going  and  Revs. Clark 

and  Ezra  Going. 

Mr.  Carr  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Edmund  Turney,  of  Con- 
necticut, October  29th,  1842.  During  the  five  years  of  his 
pastorate,  unworthy  members  were  cut  off  by  discipline,  a 
revival  added  some  forty  members,  and,  though  the  total 
membership  was  somewhat  diminished,  "  the  efficient  work- 
ing capacity  of  the  church  "  was  increased. 

About  1845,  the  galleries  of  the  house  were  lowered,  and  a 
new  floor  was  put  in,  as  the  whole  understructure  was  im- 
paired for  want  of  ventilation. 

In  1846,  Rev.  Silas  Bailey,  D.  D.,  was  called  to  the  Presi- 
dency of  the  College,  and  the  year  following,  upon  the  resig- 
nation of  Elder  Turney,  Dr.  Bailey  supplied  the  pulpit  for  a 
year,  and  Professor  Pratt  followed  him  for  another  year,  both 
generously  giving  their  services  toward  the  erection  of  a  new 
meeting  house.  The  need  of  a  larger  and  better  house  for 
worship  had  become  imperative,  and  the  congregation  pro- 
ceeded to  build  upon  the  southwest  corner  of  the  public 
square.     [See  Annals.] 

President  Bailey  again  supplied  the  pulpit  nearly  a  year  in 
1851. 

Under  the  labors  of  Professor  Pratt  and  Dr.  Bailey  the 
church  was  blessed  with  two  powerful  revivals,  the  latter 
particularly  resulting  in  great  increase  of  strength  to  the 
church.  Dr.  Bailey  was  a  man  of  large  physique,  and  a 
trained  orator.  His  preaching  was  greatly  blessed,  and  sev- 
eral prominent  mt-n  in  middle  life  were  added  to  the  church. 
All  the  churches  of  the  place  participated  in  the  revival,  and 
a  marked  and  permanent  impression  for  good  was  made  upon 
the  community. 

September  14th,  1851,  Rev.  Jeremiah  Hall  was  called  to 
the  pastorate,  and  served  the  church  acceptably  for  a  year 
and  a  half,  when,  having  become  connected  with  the  College, 
he  resigned  the  pastorate. 


REVS.  BURTON,  FERNALD,  RHOADES.         221 

Prof.  Marsh,  of  the  College,  then  supplied  the  pulpit  for 
some  months. 

May  21st,  1854,  Rev.  N.  S.  Burton  began  to  occupy  the 
pulpit,  proving  himself  an  excellent  and  acceptable  preacher 
and  pastor.  His  labors  were  blessed  with  a  powerful  revival 
that  added  eighty  members  to  the  church.  He  continued  to 
fill  the  pulpit  until  the  fall  of  1862. 

"  For  three  years  after  the  close  of  his  labors,  the  pulpit 
was  supplied  for  the  most  part  by  Dr.  Stone  and  President 
Talbot."     Both  these  men  were  of  unusual  mental  power. 

April  1st,  1866,  Rev.  J.  D.  King  took  charge  of  the  church, 
but  continued  in  the  office  only  a  little  more  than  a  year. 

President  Talbot  again  ministered  to  the  church  for  a  time, 
and  he  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  D.  A.  Randall,  of  Columbus, 
who  simply  preached  to  the  congregation,  not  residing  among 
them  and  performing  no  pastoral  labor. 

This  brings  the  history  of  the  church  up  to  187 1.  At  this 
time  there  had  been  received  to  the  church  a  total  of  1143 
members,  of  whom  663  were  by  baptism.  There  had  been 
dismissed  to  other  churches  669,  and  the  membership  at  the 
time  was  251.  In  1858,  eighty-four  members  were  received  ; 
and  as  the  result  of  the  revival  of  1839-40,  Elder  Carr 
being  pastor,  ninety  members  were  added. 

The  next  pastor  of  the  church  was  Rev.  J.  C.  Fernald. 
He  was  a  young  man  of  peculiarly  se  sitive  nature  and  very 
warmly  attached  to-  his  friends.  He  lost  his  wife  to  whom 
he  had  been  married  but  a  short  time,  and  his  nervous  system 
suffered  much  under  the  severity  of  the  stroke.  He  con- 
tinued the  pastor  of  the  church  only  about  three  years. 

In  1873,  the  present  pastor,  Rev.  W.  C.  P.  Rhoades,  suc- 
ceeded him.  Bringing  with  him  the  invaluable  experience 
of  a  city  missionary  in  one  of  our  eastern  cities,  he  has 
proved  a  vigilant  and  untiring  pastor.  His  labors  are  greatly 
blessed,  in  enlarging  the  influence  of  the  church,  and  the 
value  of  his  counsels  is  also  seen  in  the  management  of  the 
University. 


222  THE   METHODIST   EPISCOPAL   CHURCH. 


CHAPTER  XXXVII. 

In  the  summer  of  1810,  Rev.  Elisha  Buttles  preached  the 
first  Methodist  sermon  in  the  place,  under  a  walnut  tree 
very  near  the  center  of  town.  The  same  year,  according  to 
the  church  ^records,  (or  the  following,  as  the  date  of  Mr. 
Finley's  appointment  would  indicate,  November  being  too 
late  in  the  season  for  camp-meetings),  Rev.  James  B.  Finley 
preached  and  formed  a  class.  The  circuit  was  called  "Knox," 
James  Quinn  being  presiding  elder,  and  Elisha  W.  Bowman 
circuit  pieacher.  The  class  was  formed  at  the  house  of  Wm. 
Gavit,  Esq.,  who  was  one  of  the  prominent  members.  Mr. 
Gavit  had  just  been  converted  during  the  preceding  summer. 
There  was  held  near  Zanesville  a  camp-meeting,  which 
several  from  Granville  attended.  Having  a  ward  who,  he 
feared,  was  going  to  the  bad,  he  took  him  to  the  meeting  with 
the  hope  that  he  might  be  savingly  benefited.  While  there, 
he  concluded  that  the  religion  which  was  good  for  the  ward 
was  good  for  the  guardian  also.  He  was  hopefully  converted 
and  became  a  leading  Methodist  in  Granville. 

Other  prominent  families  in  the  church  in  the  early  years 
of  its  history,  were  Samuel  Everit,  Sen.,  the  Thralls,  Peter 
Thurston,  Francis  Elliot,  Samuel  Chadwick,  Elisha  Bigelow, 
and  Mrs.  Stanley,  who  was  mother  of.  the  wife  of  Esq. 
Gilman.  Mr.  Chadwick,  at  whose  house  many  of  the  meet- 
ings were  held,  and  who  lived  southeast  of  the  town  near 
the  elbow  in  the  road  that  led  to  Phelps  saw  mill,  kept  a 
supply  of  benches  which  on  preaching  occasions  were 
arranged  in  the  house,  and  at  other  times  were  piled  out  of 
doors.  In  case  of  two  or  three  weeks  continued  meetings 
they  were  piled  in  the  house  against  one  side  when  the  room 
was  wanted  for  meals  or  at  night. 

The  succession  of  Presiding  Elders  previous  to  1820,  was 
David  Young,  three  years,  and  Charles  Waddle,  two  years. 


PREACHERS   AND    PLACES   OF   MEETING.  223 

The  Preachers  in  charge  succeeding  Mr.  Bowman  were, 
Michael  Ellis,  David  Knox,  Samuel  West,  John  Solomon, 
Shadwick  Ruark,  Henry  Baker,  and  Thomas  Carr.  The 
Junior  Preachers  were  John  McMahon,  Philip  Green,  Lemuel 
Lane,  and  John  Solomon.  Meetings  were  held  at  Mr.  Wm. 
Gavit's  and  Francis  Elliot's  in  town,  Deacon  Thurston's  on 
the  Mt.  Vernon  road,  Mr.  Event's  west,  and  Mr.  Chadwick's 
southeast  of  town.  The  attendance  was  regular  and  large 
for  a  new  community. 

In  1820,  the  circuit  was  set  off  as  Granville  Circuit.  When 
the  academy  was  built  at  the  head  of  Main  Street,  in  1820, 
the  meetings  were  held  there  and  until  1826.  In  1824,  Jacob 
Young  being  Presiding  Elder  and  Samuel  Hamilton  Preacher 
in  charge,  a  subscription  was  raised  and  a  contract  made 
with  James  Hays  to  erect  a  frame  meeting-house  on  the 
northeast  quarter  of  the  town  square.  For  some  reason  the 
contract  was  annulled,  and  six  days  later  another  was  signed 
by  the  same  parties,  $1260  having  been  raised,  and  the  con- 
tract calling  for  a  larger  house.  On  the  part  of  the  church 
the  contract  was  made  by  Wm.  Gavit,  Peter  Thurston,  and 
Oliver  A.  Thrall.  The  house  was  to  be  done  by  the  25th  of 
December,  1824,  under  forfeiture  of  $2430,  but  the  release 
was  not  signed  until  May  8th,  1826.  At  that  time  the  church 
took  possession  of  the  house,  though  it  was  several  years 
before  it  could  be  finished.  It  was  used  for  meetings  in  the 
summer,  but  in  winter  the  congregation  still  met  in  private 
houses.  The  audience  room  was  thirty-four  by  forty-six  feet 
with  galleries  on  three  sides.  There  were  two  small  class 
rooms,  one  in  each  front  corner  of  the  gallery.  According 
to  the  contract  there  were  to  be  twenty-six  windows,  each  of 
twelve  lights,  eight  by  ten  glass.  The  stairways  started 
from  each  front  door  and  met  half  way  up,  where  they 
united,  turned  into  the  audience  room  and  ascended  to  the 
gallery  floors. 

At  this  time  Rev.  Curtis  Goddard  was  preacher  in  charge. 
A  revival  began  at  the  Gafheld  meeting  house,  which  reached 


224  SUCCESSION  OF   PREACHERS. 

this  place  and  made  many  additions  to  the  church.  Jacob 
Hooper,  Abner  Goff  and  James  Gilruth  were  the  successive 
preachers  following  Mr.  Goddard.  With  Mr.  Hooper  was  a 
young  man  by  the  name  of  Havens  as  junior  preacher,  who 
married  Nancy  Clark,  a  niece  of  General  Munson's.  Mr. 
Gilruth  was  an  effective  revival  preacher.  He  was  promi- 
nent at  the  camp-meetings  held  in  the  vicinity.  He  was  a 
man  of  powerful  muscle,  and  rowdies  met  with  poor  fare  at 
his  hands.  His  strong  arm  would  put  them  in  their  places, 
even  at  the  expense  of  their  clothing  if  need  be. 

Henry  S.  Fernandes  and  C.  Lybrand  followed  Gilruth. 
Then  came  L.  L.  Hamline  in  1832,  afterward  editor  of  the 
Western  Christian  Advocate  and  Ladies^  Repository,  and 
elected  Bishop  in  1844.  He  impressed  many  of  his  congre- 
gation even  at  that  early  day  as  a  superior  man.  In  1842, 
the  membership  was  181,  but  three  years  later  it  was  only  72. 

In  1855,  S.  M.  Merrill  was  preacher,  Granville  being  a  sta- 
tion. This  was  the  present  Bishop  Merrill.  He  was  an 
earnest  student,  had  held  a  public  discussion  on  the  doctrines 
of  Universalism,  and  published  a  book  on  the  same  subject. 

J.  W.  White,  a  convert  while  Dr.  Beecher  was  here  in  1831, 
was  Presiding  Elder  for  four  years. 

In  1833,  Levi  Hayes,  chiefly  at  his  own  expense,  bought 
and  refitted  the  house  built  the  year  before  by  F.  Elliot,  just 
west  of  the  brick  Academy,  and  it  became  the  parsonage. 

About  1843,  J.  Belt  raised  the  ceiling  of  the  church,  arch- 
ing it  into  the  roof,  and  lowered  the  galleries. 

From  1830,  the  succession  of  Presiding  Elders  is  as  follows : 
Leroy  Swormstedt,  30-33;  A.  Eddy,  33-34;  Jacob  Young, 
35-39  ;  Robert  O.  Spencer,  39-43  ;  J.  B.  Finley,  43-46  ;  James 
M.  Jamieson,  46-49;  Jacob  Young,  49-51;  Z.  Connell,  51; 
James  M.  Trimble,  52-54 ;  Z.  Connell,  54 ;  J.  L.  Grover  and 
John  Stewart,  56;  D.  D.  Martin,  56-58;  J.  W.  White,  60-63. 

From  1830  to  1840,  the  preachers  were  James  Gilruth, 
Jacob  Hooper,  Henry  S.  Fernandes  (2),  C.  Lybrand,  L.  L. 
Hamline,  S.  Holland,  Abner  Goff,  T.  A.  G.  Philips,  Joseph 


HOUSE   REFITTED.  225 

Casper  (2),  T.  Courtney,  W.  Heath,  Samuel  Hamilton,  P. 
Nation,  David  Lewis,  J.  T.  Donohue,  E.  S.  Gavit,  Jacob 
Martin,  A.  Murphy,  B.  F.  Myers,  James  Hooper  (2). 

From  1840  to  1850,  they  were  William  T.  Hand  (2),  James 
Hooper,  David  Lewis,  Joseph  A.  Bruner,  M.  P.  Kellogg, 
James  Hood,  J.  W.  Fowler,  T.  A.  G.  Philips,  James  Gilruth  (3), 
Richard  Doughty  (2),  Benjamin  Ellis,  John  Fitch,  Sam- 
uel Harvey  (2),  C.  C.  Lybrand,  A.  M.  Alexander  (2),  S.  M. 
Bright,  B.  N.  Spahr. 

From  1851  to  1856,  Granville  being  a  station,  E.  V.  Bing 
(2),  Thomas  Lee,  Addison  Nichols,  S.  M.  Merrill.  In  1856, 
Granville  was  thrown  into  the  Granville  and  Etna  Circuit, 
and  the  succession  was,  Abraham  Cartlick  (2),  Charles  Bel- 
hauser,  James  Hooper,  W.  C.  Filler,  Isaac  King,  William  M. 
Mul.linix  (2),  Andrew  Carroll. 

From  1861  to  1870,  Lovett  Taft,  J.  W.  Young,  E.  P.  Hall, 
William  Z.  Ross  (2),  B.  Crook,  J.  S.  Brown,  G.  Hirst,  Sam- 
uel Porter,  J.  H.  Acton  (2),  J.  F.  Williams  (2),  A.  H. 
Windsor  (2). 

In  1871,  Granville  and  Alexandria  Circuit,  Levi  Hall  (2). 
1872  and  onward,  Granville  being  a  station,  O.  J.  Nave, 
James  D.  Fry,  William  M.  Fellows,  D.  Y.  Murdoch,  J.  M. 
Jamieson  (2),  D.  S.  Porter,  S.  C.  Frampton. 

In  1851,  Mr.  Bing  being  preacher,  the  pulpit  was  lowered 
and  the  audience  room  was  newly  seated.  While  this  was 
being  done,  the  audience  met  in  the  gallery,  and  Mr.  Bing 
while  preaching  stood  in  the  northeast  end  of  the  gallery. 

In  1861,  the  church  was  refitted,  the  galleries  being  re- 
moved, the  windows  changed  and  the  whole  style  modern- 
ized at  a  cost  of  $1800.  The  work  was  done  by  Leroy  Ban- 
croft. It  became  necessary  to  sell  the  parsonage  at  $1000,  to 
help  meet  the  expense. 

At  this  time  there  is  talk  of  replacing  the  whole  with  an 
entirely  new  structure,  more  commodious,  to  cost  $10,000. 

The  church  now  (1880)  numbers  185  members,  with  a 
flourishing  Sabbath  School. 


22C>  ST.  LUKE'S  PROTESTANT  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH. 


CHAPTER  XXXVIII. 

The  origin  of  this  church  has  been  narrated  in  the  annals. 
As  early  as  1819,  Bishop  Chase  had  visited  the  place  and  held 
Episcopal  services.  In  1826,  the  state  of  things  in  the  Con- 
gregational Church  was  such  that "  many  were  ready  to  sustain 
Episcopal  services."  Rev.  Amos  G.  Baldwin  came  toward 
the  close  of  that  year,  and  held  occasional  services ;  and  Mr. 
Jinks  also  led  the  congregation  that  assembled,  in  worship 
according  to  the  ritual  of  that  church. 

After  certain  preliminary  meetings,  on  Wednesday,  May 
9th,  the  church  was  organized.  In  1834,  the  church  for  a 
time  enjpyed  the  labors  of  Rev.  George  Denison. 

Previous  to  the  coming  of  Mr.  Bronson  in  1836,  the  church 
was  not  very  strong.  Just  preceding,  Rev.  William  Sparrow 
gave  them  every  fourth  Sabbath.  At  that  time  they  were 
encouraged  to  plan  for  the  building  of  a  new  church.  The 
Methodist  and  Presbyterian  brethren  had  lent  the  use  of  their 
churches  with  much  cheerfulness,  and  helped  to  render  the 
congregations  large. 

From  1836,  the  history  cannot  be  better  told  than  in  the 
words  of  Dr.  Bronson  himself. 

"  Rev.  S.  A.  Bronson  after  completing  his  service  in  the  min- 
istry as  a  missionary  at  Lancaster  &  Somerset,  Dec.  3rd,  1836, 
left  that  city  the  next  day,  not  knowing  where  his  next  field  of 
labor  would  be.  On  reaching  Newark  that  afternoon,  he  found 
a  letter  inviting  him  to  take  charge  of  the  parishes  of  Granville 
&  Utica.  This  part  of  a  day  was  the  only  time  he  has  been 
without  a  charge  up  to  the  present  time,  Dec.  1st,  1885.  For 
the  winter  of  1836-37,  with  his  wife  &  an  infant,  he  boarded 
with  Gen.  C.  K.  Warner,  of  Utica,  &  went  to  Granville  on 
alternate  Sundays.  In  the  spring  of  1837  he  fixed  his  residence 
in  Granville  in  the  same  house  with  Elias  Gilman,  Esq.,  for 
which  he  paid  a  rental  of  #30  per  annum,  out  of  a  salary  of 
$400  a  year.  Services  were  held  at  first  in  what  was  called  the 
Old  Academy,  a  brick  building  on  the  side  hill  above  the  town. 


ADVENT   OF    DR.  BRONSON.  227 

In  the  spring  a  small  building  was  fitted  up  for  services  on  the 
flat  a  little  west  of  the  Presbyterian  Church.  [Should  probably 
be  north,  in  the  large  room  on  the  corner,  second  floor,  where 
the  academy  had  been  accommodated  under  Mess.  Fowler,  Gar- 
land &  Martin.] 

"A  bequest  of  $2000.  had  been  made  by  Mr.  Sherlock 
Mower  which  was  applied  to  the  building  of  an  Episcopal 
Church ;  &  a  very  neat  building  was  erected  near  the  S.  E. 
corner  of  the  public  square,  &  was  so  far  completed  that  the 
basement  was  occupied  for  services  in  September  [1837],  when 
Mr.  B.  resigned  his  charge  at  Utica,  &  devoted  his  whole  time 
to  Granville,  &  so  continued  till  the  fall  of  1845,  when  he 
became  President  of  Kenyon  College.  (For  a  view  of  this 
house,  see  "  Additional  Record.") 

"His  relations  with  the  people  of  his  charge  &  with  other 
christian  bodies  were  always  exceedingly  delightful,  &  all  the 
memories  &  reminiscences  of  the  Granville  of  40  years  ago,  are 
very  interesting.  The  population  of  the  town,  at  that  time, 
was  about  800,  &  of  the  township,  2000.  Of  schools,  there 
was  a  plentiful  supply.  Granville  College,  now  Denison  Uni- 
versity, was  located  one  mile  to  the  Southwest  of  the  village  & 
was  for  a  young  institution  quite  flourishing.  Granville  Female 
Seminary  was  then  carried  on  under  the  auspices  of  the  Episcopal 
Church,  &  did  good  service  for  the  Church  &  for  the  state. 
Very  many  there  learned  to  love  their  God  &  their  Church. 
During  no  part  of  his  ministry  probably  did  the  Rector  of  St. 
Luke's  Church  have  a  more  profitable  field  for  spiritual  labor 
than  that  Seminary.  In  the  interest  of  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
were  the  Granville  Female  Academy  in  charge  of  a  noble 
woman,  Miss  Bridges,  &  the  Male  Academy  in  charge  of  Mr. 
Martin.  It  will  be  seen  by  this  that  the  main  business  of  the 
town  was  education.  Of  the  churches  then,  by  far  the  most 
prominent  was  the  Presbyterian,  under  the  pastorate  of  the  Rev. 
Jacob  Little,  a  noble  good  man,  &  faithful  worker  whose  word 
was  law  for  the  township,  but  withal  he  was  quite  excentric. 
His  new  year's  sermon  caused  quite  a  sensation.  He  enumer- 
ated the  births  [?]  &  deaths  in  the  township,  the  number  of 
praying  households,  &  of  heathen,  i.  e.  those  attending  no 
church.  His  general  influence  was  a  great  benefit  to  Granville. 
The  Baptists  were  next  in  order,  but  like  all  College  Churches 
was  not  supplied  with  a  very  regular  pastorate.  The  Methodist 
&  Episcopal  Churches  were  small  &  weak.     When  Mr.  B.  com- 


228  LEADING   PHYSICIANS. 

menced  his  labors,  there  were  but  eleven  communicants,  but 
though  self  supporting  it  never  became  very  strong. 

"The  leading  physicians  were  Drs.  Richards,  Spelman  & 
Bancroft.  Dr.  Richards  was  Senior  Warden  of  the  Episcopal 
Church,  a  man  of  sound  judgment,  though  slow  in  coming  to 
a  conclusion,  of  unblemished  character  &  great  influence  in  all 
the  relations  of  life;  &  when  he  died,  left  a  noble  record  behind. 
The  others  were  worthy  men  &  leading  characters  in  their  own 
churches.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Jonathan  Going,  President  of  the 
Baptist  College,  was  a  man  of  deservedly  high  reputation  for 
learning,  piety  &  influence,  not  only  as  a  college  officer,  but  as 
a  citizen.  Another  man  by  his  warm  devotion  to  the  Church 
impressed  his  memory  very  deeply  upon  the  heart  of  the 
Rector,  &  that  was  Anthony  P.  Prichard. 

"Names  that  deserve  mention  as  more  or  less  interested  in 
the  support  of  the  Episcopal  Church,  were  Alfred  Avery, 
Walter  Thrall,  Benjamin  Mower,  Gaylord  Adams,  Mr.  Huggins, 
Mansfield  French,  Christopher  Rose,  Timothy  Carpenter,  Levi 
Rose,  General  Munson,  Freeman  Haskell,  George  Case  &  P. 
W.  Taylor.  Jason  Collins  &  G.  B.  Johnson  are  the  only  ones 
now  living  in  Granville  who  were  there  during  the  Rectorship 
of  the  Rev.  S.  A.  Bronson. 

"This  sketch  would  be  very  incomplete  without  including  a 
distinct  notice  of  the  Rev.  Alvah  Sanford.  He  came  to  Gran- 
ville, being  called  to  take  charge  of  the  Female  Seminary,  when 
first  opened  in  connexion  with  the  Episcopal  Church,  &  con- 
ducted it  awhile  for  the  Trustees.  Finally  he  purchased  it  in 
fee  simple,  &  carried  it  on  himself  as  long  as  he  wished,  &  re- 
tired to  a  farm.  He  was  a  man  of  thorough-going  piety,  sound 
judgment,  untiring  industry,  &  unflinching  integrity.  He  & 
his  sterling  wife,  by  good  management,  accumulated  &  be- 
queathed to  various  societies  about  #50,000." 

Rev.  Alvah  Sanford  succeeded  Mr.  Bronson  for  one  year ; 
Rev.  William  C.  French  followed  for  three  years ;  Rev.  John 
L.  Bryan  for  two  years ;  Rev.  Erastus  A.  Strong  for  three 
years ;  Rev.  Thomas  Corlett  for  two ;  Rev.  Ezra  B.  Kellogg 
two  years ;  Rev.  C.  S.  Doolittell  five  years. 

The  church  was  next  supplied  for  ten  years  by  Rev.  Wil- 
liam Bower,  Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Newark.  Rev.  R.. 
S.  Nash  followed  for  several  months,  and  occasionally 
Rev.  F.  M.  Hall,  both  of  the  same  place ;  and  Prof.  Bates, 
of  Gambier.  Of  recent  years  the  church  is  feeble  in  num- 
bers, and  they  seldom  have  services. 


THE   WELSH   CHURCHES   OF   GRANVILLE.  229 


CHAPTER  XXXIX. 

The  Welsh  citizens  of  the  township  have  been  a  thrifty 
class,  frugal,  simple  in  their  habits,  accumulating  property, 
buying  real  estate  in  town  and  country,  until  they  occupy  a 
very  large  share  of  the  township.  They  generally  bring  to 
our  community  a  strong  physique,  industrious  habits,  exper- 
ience, patient  toil  and  thrift  No  class  of  our  foreign  popu- 
lation are  so  nearly  universally  the  friends  of  the  Bible. 
They  are  also  generally  the  friends  of  temperance,  of  educa- 
tion, of  humanity  ;  and  are  truly  loyal  to  their  adopted  coun- 
try. Besides  sustaining  three  Welsh  churches,  large  num- 
bers of  them  are  in  the  other  churches,  and  take  their  share 
of  official  responsibility  there.  They  also  win  their  way  to 
a  meritorious  standing  in  the  several  professions.  The 
Welsh  language  is  spoken  all  around  us  still,  and  new  comers 
will  doubtless  keep  it  alive.  But  the  descendants  are  fast 
adopting  the  English,  and  are  amalgamating  with  American 
blood.  A  few  generations  suffice  to  obliterate  all  differences, 
with  gain  to  both  parties  and  loss  to  neither.  They  are  ex- 
ceedingly welcome  to  share  our  heritage  ;  and  long  may  it 
be  ere  the  dento-lingual  sputtering  of  Babel,  said  to  have 
been  begun  by  the  Welshman  of  that  day  of  dispersion 
getting  his  mouth  full  of  mortar,  shall  cease  from  among  us. 

The  first  Welsh  sermon  delivered  in  the  village  is  sup- 
posed to  be  that  of  Rev.  James  Davis,  a  Presbyterian,  who, 
at  an  early  day,  came  from  Delaware  county,  and  preached 
in  the  dwelling  of  Mr.  John  Roberts,  at  the  northeast  corner 
of  Main  and  Equality  Streets.  But  almost  from  the  first, 
preaching  in  their  own  tongue  was  enjoyed  by  citizens  of  the 
Welsh  Hills. 

Of  their  three  churches,  the  earliest  formed  was  the  Welsh 
Hills  Baptist  Church. 

"  The  First  Regular   Baptist  Church  of  Granville  "  was 


230 


WELSH   HILLS   BAPTIST   CHURCH. 


organized  Sunday,  September  4th,  1808,  at  the  cabin  of  Mr. 
David  Thomas,  Elder  James  Sutton  officiating,  assisted  by 
Rev.  Eli  Stedman,  a  brother  of  Captain  William  Stedman, 
who,  about  the  same  time,  brought  a  stock  of  merchandise 
to  Granville.  It  was  in  fellowship  with  the  Muskingum 
Association,  an  Old  School  Baptist  body,  until  the  era  of 
Sabbath  Schools.  Indulging  in  that  innovation,  by  having  a 
Sabbath  School  connected  with  the  church,  it  was  cut  off; 
and  in  1841,  it  became  connected  with  the  Columbus  Asso- 
ciation of  the  Regular  Baptist  Convention  of  Ohio.  The 
original  members  were,  Theophilus  Rees,  David  Thomas,  Jr., 
Nathan  Allyn,  Jr.,  David  Lobdell,  Joshua  Lobdell,  Thomas 
Powell,  Elizabeth  Rees,  Elizabeth  James  and  Mary  Thomas. 
Theophilus  Rees  was  chosen  deacon,  and  Joshua  Lobdell 
clerk.  Their  first  house  of  worship  was  a  log  cabin,  erected 
in  1809,  on  Mr.  Rees'  farm,  about  a  mile  from  town.  It  was 
about  18  x  20  feet,  and  the  cut  will  reproduce  its  appearance 
to. any  who  may  remember  it.  It  stood  with  the  door  to  the 
south,  and  the  chimney  was  built  only  half  way  to  the  roof. 
It  had  puncheon  floor,  puncheon  seats  and  puncheon  desk. 


\ 


Mr.  T.  J.  Thomas  has  caused  the  site  of  this  church  to  be 
marked  on  the  summit  of  the  hill  by  an  inclined  marble  slab 
3  ft  x  6,  facing  toward  the  east,   with  the  following  inscription: 


SUCCESSION   OF   MINISTERS.  231 

viz.  "On  this  spot  was  erected  in  1809  the  first  meeting  House 
of  the  Welsh  Hills  Baptist  Church.  Here  also  was  organized  in 
181 1  The  Muskingum  Baptist  Association.  The  church  was 
organized  some  40  rods  east  in  the  cabin  of  David  Thomas, 
Sept.  4th,  1808,  with  the  following  members.  [Then  follow  the 
names  as  above.] 

Rev.  Thomas  Powell  preached  for  them  occasionally. 

Deacon  Rees  gave  about  one  acre  of  land  adjoining  the 
ground  on  which  the  church  stood,  for  a  cemetery.  This 
was  Saturday,  February  6th,  1808,  on  which  day,  his  grand- 
son, Rees  Thomas,  son  of  David  Thomas,  was  buried,  it 
being,  of  course,  the  first  interment. 

For  four  years,  from  1810,  Elder  J.  W.  Patterson  was 
pastor  of  the  church.  In  1816,  there  were  forty  members. 
Elder  John  Mott  followed  as  pastor  for  six  years. 

In  1819,  Elder  George  Evans  being  a  temporary  supply  for 
the  pulpit,  another  log  house  was  erected  for  the  accommo- 
dation of  the  church,  used  also  for  school  purposes,  two 
miles  further  northeast.  It  was  about  20x24  feet,  and 
finished  like  the  other  with  puncheon  floor  and  furniture.  A 
cemetery  was  provided  near  it  also  by  a  gift  of  land  from  Mr. 
Philipps.  This  house  was  burned  in  1822,  but  another  took 
its  place  near  by,  the  following  year,  larger  and  of  hewed 
logs.  It  stood  eleven  years  when  it,  too,  was  burned.  Elder 
Thomas  Hughes,  recently  from  Wales,  was  chosen  pastor  the 
same  year,  and  continued  to  preach  to  the  church  until  1841, 
with  the  exception  of  one  year,  1832-3,  when  Elder  James 
Berry,  who  had  previously  served  the  Granville  church, 
preached  to  them.  In  1836,  during  Mr.  Hughes'  pastorate, 
a  frame  church,  30x40  feet,  was  erected,  which  continues  to 
be  the  home  of  the  congregation. 

After  Elder  Hughes,  "  Elder  James  Sargent,  a  young  man 
from  the  Granville  College,  served  the  church  very  accept- 
ably for  one  year.  During  his  ministry  thirty  persons  were 
received  into  the  church."  Two  other  students  from  the 
College,  Roberts  and  Owen,  supplied  the  church  another  year 


232  WELSH    CALVINISTIC   METHODIST   CHURCH. 

or  more.  The  next  preacher  was  Elder  David  Prichard,  who 
supplied  them  for  two  years  from  1844.  From  1846  to  1848, 
Elder  William  Smedmer  supplied  them  three-fourths  of  the 
time.  Elder  E.  S.  Thomas  followed  for  two  years  ;  and  from 
June,  1849,  Elder  T.  W.  Heistand  supplied  them  three- 
fourths  of  the  time. 

aIn  April,  1851,  Elder  Thomas  Hughes  was  called  for  the 
third  time  to  the  pastorate  of  the  church,"  but  he  died  in  the 
following  September. 

The  pulpit  was  then  supplied  by  Rev.  Silas  Bailey,  D.  D., 
and  by  Rev.  J.  Lawrence. 

From  Elder  Hughes'  term  the  succession  of  pastors  is  as 
follows : 

Rev.  S.  Bailey,  D.  D.,  President  Granville  College,   .  '52. 

"  N.  Clouse  (20  additions)       .         .         .  1853-55. 

"  J.   Hall,  D.  D., 1855.60. 

**  N.  Clouse,  a  second  time      .... 

"  B.  J.  Powell  (30  additions) 

"  S.  Talbot,  D.  D 

"  A.  Jordan         

M  J.  Kyle  ; 

Up  to  Mr.  Kyle's  time,  a  period  of  sixty  years,  there  had 
been  received  by  baptism  270,  and  the  whole  number  was  73. 

II.  The  second  Welsh  Church  to  be  formed  in  the  town- 
ship was  the  Welsh  Calvinistic  Methodist  Church. 

As  early  as  1834,  there  was  a  nucleus  for  a  congregation  of 
Welsh  Methodists,  who  in  doctrine  were  Calvinistic.  Rev. 
Edward  Jones,  of  Cincinnati,  preached  at  the  residence  of 
Mr.  Jenkyn  Hughes,  and  a  Sabbath  School  was  organized. 

October,  1835,  the  church  was  organized.  They  worshiped 
in  the  stone  school  house  two  miles  northeast  of  town.  Revs. 
Edward  Jones  and  William  Morgan  were  the  ministers  whose 
influence  led  to  the  organization.  The  members  were  :  Wil- 
liam T.  and  Mrs.  Williams,  James  and  Mrs.  Evans,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Albans  and  Miss  Albans,  John  J.  and  Mrs.  Evans,  Rob- 
ert Walter,  William  Parry,  William  and  Mrs.  Lewis,  and  Miss 
Jane  Davis. 


HOUSES   OF  WORSHIP.  233 

William  Morgan  was  the  first  settled  pastor.  They  after- 
wards came  into  town,  and  for  a  time  met  in  a  room  over  the 
Postoffice.  u  Revs.  Edward  Jones,  William  Parry  and  Wil- 
liam Morgan  were  the  occasional  preachers  until  1840,  when 
Rev.  William  Parry  became  the  settled  minister."  In  1842, 
the  church  numbered  thirty-nine.  The  deacons  of  the 
church  were  John  Jones  and  William  E.  Ellis.  The  latter 
was  an  intelligent  young  man  recently  come  from  Wales, 
with  a  brother  and  two  sisters.  One  of  the  sisters  dying,  the 
other  returned  to  Wales ;  then  the  brother  dying,  William 
went  to  California.  His  office  in  the  church  was  filled  by 
John  R.  Owens.  Mr.  Jones,  the  other  officer,  soon  died,  and 
John  J.  Hughes  took  his  place.  Mr.  Owens  and  Mr.  Hughes 
are  the  present  officers.  The  ministers  have  been,  William 
Morgan,  William  Parry,  Hugh  Roberts,  Joseph  E.  Davis,  E. 
E.  Evans,  of  Newark,  who  preaches  occasionally,  and 
Thomas  Roberts,  the  present  incumbent. 

A  Sabbath  School  has  been  sustained  uninterruptedly, 
numbering  in  regular  attendance  from  forty  to  fifty,  about 
fifty-five  being  enrolled.  Prayer  meetings  have  been  held 
once  a  week ;  there  has  been  one  sermon  every  Sabbath 
morning ;  and  in  the  evening,  either  a  sermon  or  prayer- 
meeting. 

The  membership  has  fluctuated.  In  the  time  of  the  war  it 
was  very  low,  most  of  the  male  members  being  away.  It  is 
now  about  the  same  as  at  the  organization.  Their  services 
are  conducted  in  the  Welsh  language. 

Their  first  meeting  house  stood  on  Broad  Street,  high  up 
the  hill  Parnassus.  It  was  built  in  1843.  This  was  sold  and 
taken  down,  and  in  1856  another  was  erected  on  Prospect 
Street,  under  Prospect  Hill,  facing  east  between  Bowery  and 
Market  Streets.  It  is  21x30  feet,  and  very  neatly  finished 
and  furnished  as  to  pulpit  and  seats.  Though  small,  it  is  a 
very  inviting  place  of  worship. 
25 


234  THE   WELSH   CONGREGATIONAL   CHURCH. 

III.     The  Welsh  Congregational  Church. 

This  church  was  organized  in  1842,  by  Rev.  John  Powell, 
in  the  conference  room  of  the  Congregational  Church,  now 
the  basement  of  the  Welsh  Congregational  Church.  There 
were  seventeen  original  members.  Previous  to  this,  those  of 
this  denomination  had  enjoyed  occasional  preaching  from 
Revs.  James  Davis  and  Rees  Powell,  as  well  as  Rev. 
John  Powell,  who  became  pastor  of  the  church  at  its  organi- 
zation. 

In  1844,  they  leased  a  few  feet  of  ground  on  the  western 
part  of  the  conference  room  lot  for  twenty-one  years,  and 
put  up  a  small  house  of  worship.  But  before  the  expiration 
of  the  lease,  in  1863,  they  bought  the  whole  lot  and  the  acad- 
emy building  The  basement  windows  were  closed  up,  the 
floor  of  the  upper  story  was  taken  out,  and  one  large  and 
•commodious  audience  room  was  made,  with  large  windows, 
comfortable  seats  and  nice  pulpit.  This  was  at  a  cost  of 
$1500.  The  former  house  was  sold  with  a  little  additional 
ground  and  converted  into  a  dwelling. 

The  succession  of  preachers  was  as  follows :  John  Powell, 
Jenkyn  Jenkyns,  Thomas  W.  Evans,  D.  R.  Jenkyns,  D.  Price, 
John  E.  Jones,  John  Cadwallader,  D.  Sebastian  Jones.  In 
1862,  there  were  one  hundred  and  two  members  ;  now  eighty. 
There  have  been  many  deaths  and  removals.  Only  two  are 
living  now  who  were  in  the  first  organization.  John  Davis 
and  D.  Lewis  (?)  were  the  first  deacons,  both  now  dead.  Four 
have  died  since :  Walter  Davis,  Evan  Evans,  Daniel  Jenkyns, 
and  Thomas  D.  Williams.  One  elected  in  1843  *s  now  living, 
Deacon  William  Jones,  but  too  feeble  to  perform  the  duties 
of  his  office.  The  other  officers  are  Roderick  Jones  and  John 
L.  Jones. 

The  Sabbath  School  has  been  a  very  successful  one,  num- 
bering at  one  time,  on  an  average,  as  high  as  one  hundred 
and  fifty.  They  have  no  lesson  helps,  but  simply  take  the 
Welsh  Bible  with  parallel  columns  in  English,  and  old  and 
young  remain  from  the  preaching  service  and  study  the  good 


SABBATH   SCHOOL.  235 

book.  The  preaching  has  always  been  in  Welsh,  but  recent 
experiments  are  being  made  in  having  evening  services,  or 
services  every  fourth  Sabbath,  in  English.  But  it  is  inevit- 
able that  the  succeeding  generations  will  more  and  more  lose 
the  Welsh  tongue  and  adopt  the  English. 


236  DENISON   UNIVERSITY. 


CHAPTER  XL. 

(GRANVILLE  LITERARY  AND  THEOLOGICAL  INSTITUTE.      GRANVILLE    COLLEGE.) 

In  1830,  the  Ohio  Baptist  Educational  Society,  whose  object 
is  indicated  by  the  title,  was  thinking  to  establish  an  institu- 
tion for  collegiate  and  theological  instruction,  primarily  with 
reference  to  the  training  of  young  men  for  the  ministry. 

At  a  meeting  held  May,  1830,  in  connection  with  the  session 
of  the  Ohio  Baptist  Convention,  in  Lebanon,  Ohio,  a  com- 
mittee was  appointed  to  nominate  twelve  Trustees  and  to 
receive  bids  for  the  location  of  the  College.  In  response  to 
this  action,  an  offer  went  up  to  the  next  annual  meeting  of 
the  society,  held  at  Lancaster,  Ohio,  in  May,  1831,  from 
Granville.  Mr.  Charles  Sawyer,  a  merchant,  and  Elder  Allen 
D arrow,  a  licentiate  of  the  Granville  church,  were  chiefly 
instrumental  in  this  action ;  other  citizens  of  the  place  coming 
to  their  aid.  The  farm  of  two  hundred  acres,  once  occupied 
by  Simeon  Allyn,  on  the  Columbus  road,  a  mile  southwest 
of  town,  valued  at  $3400,  was  proffered  as  a  site ;  a  farm 
being  chosen  because  a  manual  labor  institution  was  con- 
templated as  best  designed  to  answer  the  needs  of  a  new 
country. 

Three  thousand  four  hundred  dollars  at  the  present  time 
would  go  but  a  little  way  towards  establishing  a  College  and 
Theological  Seminary,  but  at  that  day,  with  certain  other 
considerations,  it  decided  the  location.  The  moral  tone  of 
the  community  as  urged  by  Elder  George  C.  Sedgwick,  of 
Zanesville,  also  had  much  weight  in  the  decision. 

The  Trustees  nominated  were  John  McLeod,  Charles 
Sawyer,  Luther  Woods,  Thomas  Spelman,  Jonathan  Atwood 
Jacob  Baker,^AUen  Darrow,  William  Sedgwick,  W. Thompson, 
Isaac  Sperry,  S.  Carpenter,  and  B.  Allen. 

The  farm  house  was  enlarged,  but  while  the  work  was  going 
on,  the  entire  building  was  destroyed  by  fire.     The  Trustees 


FIRST   CLASS  —  PRESIDENT   JOHN    PRATT.  237 

proceeded  at  once  to  rebuild,  and  the  new  building  was  ready 
for  occupancy  by  December  of  the  following  year. 

Meanwhile,  Rev.  John  Pratt  had  been  called  to  the  presi- 
dency of  the  institution,  had  come  upon  the  ground,  and 
temporarily  the  classes  were  accommodated  in  the  unfinished 
Baptist  Church,  and  afterward  in  the  new  building  erected 
by  Mr.  Sawyer,  for  the  Female  Seminary.  Instruction  began 
Tuesday,  December  13,  1831.  Considerable  enthusiasm  was 
awakened  among  the  youth  of  the  village  and  vicinity,  and 
others  came  from  abroad.  The  total  number  of  students  was 
thirty-seven.  A  class  of  a  dozen  or  more  was  at  once  formed 
with  a  view  to  a  college  course  ;  among  whom  were  William 
Whitney,  William  Richards,  Gilman  Prichard,  Lewis  Granger, 
Henry  D.  Wright,  Henry  Case,  Elias  Gilman,  Sirenus  Elliot, 
Giles  Peabody,  and  Samuel  White. 

President  Pratt  was  born  in  Thompson,  Connecticut,  Octo- 
ber 12,  1800,  and  died  in  Granville,  January  4,  1882.  His  re- 
mains are  buried  in  the  College  Cemetery.  He  was  a  man 
of  very  rapid  mental  operations,  and  a  good  scholar  and 
educator.  He  was  particularly  ready  in  the  languages.  He 
inspired  his  scholars  with  commendable  ambition,  and  the 
school  rapidly  rose  to  prominence.  Through  the  Education 
Society  and  the  Convention  it  commanded  a  large  patronage 
throughout  the  State,  and  many  sought  its  advantages  even 
from  the  Southern  States.  While  giving  instruction  in  the 
general  way  incidental  to  an  infant  college  in  a  new  country, 
President  Pratt  was  also  instructor  in  theology. 

The  second  year  he  had  as  an  associate,  Prof.  Paschal 
Carter,  a  young  man  twenty-five  years  of  age,  thoroughly 
versed  in  mathematics  and  the  natural  sciences.  The  two 
proved  congenial  spirits,  and  they  stood  shoulder  to  shoulder 
for  many  years.  Each  occupied  a  homestead  opposite  the 
college  grounds,  and  labored  with  great  success,  each  in  his 
department,  earning  a  wide  reputation  as  instructors.  Prof. 
Pratt  retained  his  connection  with  the  institution  in  some 
capacity  until  1859 ;  and  Prof.  Carter  until  1854. 


238  CHARTER — PROF.  S.  B.  SWAIN. 

In  1832,  February  2d,  the  institution  was  incorporated  by 
act  of  the  Legislature,  as  "  Granville  Literary  and  Theolog- 
ical Institution."  [See  Laws  of  Ohio,  volume  30,  page  88.] 
It  was  provided  that  the  Board  should  not  exceed  eighteen  in 
number,  and  not  handle  an  income  of  more  than  $5,000  ex- 
clusive of  lands  or  tenements  occupied  by  the  Institution  for 
its  accommodation  and  that  of  its  officers  or  professors. 

In  1833,  Rev.  Samuel  B.  Swain  was  made  Professor  of 
Moral  Philosophy  and  Theology,  which  chair  he  filled  until 
1856.  Rev.  Asa  Drury  was  also  elected  Professor  of  Latin 
and  Greek  languages,  and  so  continued  until  1835.  George 
Cole  was  made  Professor  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Phil- 
osophy in  1835,  and  continued  his  labors  two  years.  In  1837, 
Rev.  John  Stevens  was  made  Vice-President,  and  Professor 
of  Moral  and  Intellectual  Philosophy,  and  so  continued  until 
1843.  He  was  born  in  Townsend,  Massachusetts,  June  6, 
1788,  and  died  in  Granville,  Ohio,  April  30,  1877. 

Rev.  Jonathan  Going,  D.D.  was  elected  to  the  Presidency 
in  1837,  and  remained  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Novem- 
ber 9,  1844.  He  resided  in  town.  He  was  a  man  of  large 
person  and  generous  heart ;  of  great  natural  ability  and  of 
high  literary  attainments.  He  made  a  deep  impression  upon 
the  place  as  a  citizen  and  upon  the  Institution  as  an  instructor. 
He  was  chosen  to  deliver  the  oration  upon  the  occasion  of  the 
funeral  obsequies  observed  by  the  citizens  of  Granville  in 
1841,  on  the  death  of  President  Harrison.  The  first  two  or 
three  sentences  of  his  address  melted  his  audience  to  tears. 
His  death  was  a  great  bereavement,  not  only  to  his  family 
and  the  institution,  but  the  entire  community. 

His  monument  in  the  College  Cemetery,  of  shell  limestone, 
"  erected  by  the  students  of  Granville  College  as  a  mark  of 
esteem  for  their  beloved  President,"  says  he  was  born  in 
Reading,  Vermont,  March  7,  1788,  and  died  at  the  age  of 
fifty-eight.  "  His  epitaph  can  be  written  only  when  eternity 
shall  have  unfolded  the  results  of  his  earthly  labors." 

Professor  Pratt  after  resigning  the  presidency  and  the  chair 


GRANVILLE  COLLEGE — DR.  S.  G.  BAILEY.  239 

of  Theology,  took  the  chair  of  Latin  and  Greek  languages, 
which  position  he  filled  until  1859. 

In  ]  845,  the  name  of  the  Institution  was  changed  to  u  Gran- 
ville College."  It  has  generally  had  some  provision  for  the- 
ological instruction,  but  not  always  as  an  essential  depart- 
ment of  its  work.  It  has  always  had  a  preparatory  or  acade- 
mic department.  A  scientific  course  is  provided,  giving  to 
students  who  do  not  wish  to  take  a  full  course,  access  to  the 
English,  mathematical,  and  natural  science  departments.  At 
one  time  also  it  had  an  agricultural  department  in  its  course. 

In  1846,  Rev.  Silas  Bailey,  D.D.,  LL.  D.,  was  elected  to  the 
presidency  and  remained  until  1852.  The  great  need  of  en- 
dowment became  more  and  more  pressing,  and  it  was  urged 
by  the  Doctor  upon  the  Trustees  and  friends  of  the  college. 
In  1849,  Elder  Carr  was  made  a  financial  agent  of  the  college 
with  a  view  to  raising  the  necessary  funds,  but  the  work  was 
new  to  the  churches,  and  the  claims  of  such  an  institution 
were  not  felt  as  in  later  years. 

In  1850,  one  hundred  and  twenty  acres  of  the  college  farm 
were  sold,  the  land  not  being  needed  for  the  manual  labor 
department.  The  Trustees  so  far  departed  from  their  plan 
of  theological  instruction  as  to  approve  of  the  effort  to  es- 
tablish a  Theological  Seminary  at  Fairmont,  near  Cincinnati. 

In  1852,  Professors  Pratt  and  Carter  offered  their  resigna- 
tions, but  both  continued  still  to  give  instruction.  There 
was  serious  talk  of  removing  the  college  to  some  other 
locality  which  would  better  secure  the  interest  and  patronage 
of  the  churches.  The  citizens  of  Lebanon  offered  $30,000 
toward  buildings  if  it  should  be  located  there.  But  an  effort 
was  made  toward  securing  an  endowment  where  it  was. 
Scholarships  were  offered  by  the  Trustees,  $300  constituting 
a  church  scholarship,  $250  an  individual  scholarship,  and  $100 
a  scholarship  in  the  agricultural  department,  giving  access 
for  fifteen  weeks  in  the  year,  to  the  particular  studies  needed 
in  that  line.  Individual  notes  were  received  and  certain  gifts 
of  real  estate. 


240  NEW  PROFESSORS  —  DENISON  UNIVERSITY. 

At  the  same  time  an  effort  to  remove  the  college  into  the 
village  began  to  be  made,  and  an  effort  to  secure  funds  for  a 
new  and  more  permanent  building  was  postponed  in  conse- 
quence.    President  Bailey  then  resigned. 

In  1853,  Rev.  Jeremiah  Hall,  D.  D.,  was  made  President, 
Rev.  F.  O.  Marsh,  Professor  of  Natural  Sciences,  and  the 
Scientific  Department  was  organized.  The  succeeding  year 
Professor  Marsh  was  changed  to  the  chair  of  Mathematics 
and  Natural  Philosophy,  which  he  held  until  1874,  and  Rev. 
J.  R.  Downer  was  made  Professor  of  Rhetoric  and  Belles  Let- 
ters, holding  the  place  until  1866. 

In  1855,  after  spirited  opposition,  the  college  was  brought 
to  the  village,  an  eligible  location  being  secured  on  the  hill 
north  of  town,  the  grounds  costing  nearly  $2000.  A  hand- 
some brick  building  soon  crowned  the  summit  of  the  Hill  of 
Science.  It  is  of  four  stories,  183  x  45  to  32,  varying 
widths,  having  besides  recitation,  society  and  library  rooms, 
accommodations  for  sixty-six  students.  The  three  story 
frame  building  that  stood  on  the  hill  at  the  farm  was  also  re- 
moved and  stands  in  a  less  prominent  place  and  west  of  the 
brick  building. 

In  1856,  the  name  of  the  college  was  changed  to  "  Denison 
University,"  as  an  honor  to  William  S.  Denison,  of  Adams- 
ville,  Ohio.  He  was  the  first  donor  of  the  sum  of  $10,000  to 
the  endowment  fund.  The  College  Cemetery  was  removed  to 
a  spot  in  the  new  grounds  about  eighty  rods  northwest  of  the 
buildings,  and  the  old  farm  property  was  sold. 

In  1868,  William  A.  Stevens,  son  of  Prof.  John  Stevens, 
was  made  Professor  of  Greek  Language  and  Literature,  and 
so  continued  until  1877. 

As  an  outgrowth  of  the  new  enterprise  in  educational 
matters,  a  female  department  of  the  University  began  to  be 
contemplated.  Though  not  encouraged  by  a  majority,  the 
agitation  led  eventually  to  the  establishment  of  a  separate 
school  in  the  same  educational  interest. 

In  1859,  Prof.  John  Stevens,  who,  since  .1843,  had  been  in 


PROF.  JOHN  STEVENS  —  PRES.  SAMSON  TALBOT.    241 

employment  elsewhere,  returned  and  was  installed  in  the 
chair  of  Latin  and  Greek  Language  and  Literature,  and  re- 
mained in  that  position  until  1868,  father  and  son  sharing  the 
labors  of  the  department.  The  theological  class  was  also 
revived,  and  the  following  year  it  was  more  definitely  pro- 
vided for. 

In  1863,  Rev.  Samson  Talbot,  D.  D.,  was  made  President, 
and  so  continued  until  his  death  in  1873.  He  was  an  alum- 
nus of  the  institution,  had  acquired  his  education  by  stren- 
uous personal  exertions,  and  was  admirably  adapted  to  fill 
the  position.  He  greatly  endeared  himself  to  his  associates 
by  his  humility  and  his  affable,  brotherly  spirit.  He  com- 
manded the  respect  of  his  students,  and  died  greatly  beloved 
and  lamented  by  all.  His  mind  was  of  philosophic  turn,  he 
was  an  original  thinker,  and  his  heart  being  true  to  the 
Christian  religion,  he  was  invariably,  if  this  can  be  said  of 
any  one,  found  on  the  right  side.  Almost  simultaneously 
with  his  election,  an  effort  was  made  to  increase  the  endow- 
ment of  the  University.  Up  to  this  time  $75,000  only  had 
been  given  to  the  institution.  Of  this,  $40,000  were  still  in 
possession.  The  remaining  $35,000  had  been  consumed  in 
the  necessary  running  expenses  of  the  thirty-two  years  the 
institution  had  been  in  operation,  a  trifle  over  $1,000  a  year; 
a  small  sum,  as  President  Talbot  intimates,  to  have  been 
paid  for  the  good  accomplished  by  the  College.  An  effort 
was  at  once  made  to  raise  $50,000  toward  permanent  en- 
dowment. 

In  1864,  Rev.  Marsena  Stone  was  made  Professor  of  The- 
ology, and  so  continued  to  serve,  without  salary,  until  1870. 

As  the  Professors  were  inconvenienced  by  their  inadequate 
support,  the  alumni  came  to  the  rescue  by  the  pledge  to  fur- 
nish $800  yearly  for  the  support  of  one  of  them.  In  pur- 
suance of  the  project  of  raising  the  fund  for  endowment, 
district  committees  were  appointed  over  all  the  State,  and 
the  sum  aimed  at  was  increased  to  $100,000.  An  earnest 
endeavor  was  blessed  with  ultimate  success. 


242  PROFS.  ALMON  U.  THRESHER  AND  L.  E.  HICKS. 

In  1867,  Almon  U.  Thresher  was  made  Professor  of  Rhe- 
toric and  English  Literature,  in  which  capacity  he  still  serves. 
In  the  following  year,  Professor  John  Stevens'  chair  was  lim- 
ited to  the  Latin  Language  and  Literature. 

The  Trustees  took  legal  steps  to  conform  to  the  State  law 
of  1852  for  the  incorporation  of  colleges  and  other  institu- 
tions of  learning. 

A  third  building  was  added  to  the  brick  and  mortar  invest- 
ment of  the  College ;  a  four-storv  brick  building  of  hand- 
some outline,  135  feet  long,  of  irregular  width,  from  32  to  66 
feet,  affording  a  chapel  and  recitation  rooms,  and  accommoda- 
tions for  72  students. 

In  1869,  Lewis  E.  Hicks  was  made  Professor  of  Natural 
Sciences,  and  so  continues  at  this  day.  One  hundred  and 
three  thousand  dollars  were  reported  as  secured  for  the  en- 
dowment. The  friends  gave  thanks,  took  courage,  and  pro- 
ceeded at  once  to  the  effort  of  raising  another  $100,000,  and 
in  addition,  $50,000  for  buildings  and  apparatus. 

In  1873,  the  institution  sustained  a  great  loss  in  the  death 
of  President  Talbot,  June  29th.  He  died  at  Newton,  Mass- 
achusetts; the  former  home  of  Mrs.  Talbot,  whither  he  had 
gone  for  much  needed  rest.  He  died  from  long  continued 
overwork,  the  beginning  of  the  overtaxing  of  his  powers 
being  as  early  as  his  college  days.  His  remains  were  subse- 
quently removed  to  Granville  and  deposited  in  the  University 
Cemetery.  Professor  F.  O.  Marsh  was  made  Acting  Presi- 
dent, and  so  continued  until  1875.  John  L  Gilpatrick  was 
made  Professor  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Philosophy,  and 
so  remains  at  this  time.  Irving  J.  Manatt  was  made  Profes- 
sor of  Latin  Language  and  Literature.  Professor  John 
Stevens,  on  account  of  the  increasing  infirmities  of  age,  was 
permitted  to  retire  on  a  salary. 

The  growing  evil,  so  regarded,  of  college  fraternities  was 
nipped  by  forbidding  any  students  becoming  members,  and 
leaving  it  discretionary  with  the  faculty  to  receive  or  reject 


PRESIDENTS  E.  B.  ANDREWS  AND  A.  OWEN,  D.D.  243 

any  applicants  who  might  come  from  other  institutions, 
being  already  members. 

The  new  endowment  fund  was  reported  complete,  and 
efforts  to  raise  more  still  went  forward. 

In  1875,  Rev.  E.  Benjamin  Andrews  was  elected  President, 
and  served  until  1879.  In  1876,  Charles  Chandler  was  made 
Professor  of  Latin  Language  and  Literature,  and  so  continues. 
In  1877,  Rev.  R.  S.  Colwell  was  made  Professor  of  Greek 
Language  and  Literature,  and  so  continues. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Doane,  Doc.  Mus.,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  an 
alumnus  of  the  institution,  at  an  expense  of  $10,000,  erected 
a  handsome  building  for  the  library  and  cabinets,  which  was 
named  "  Doane's  Hall."  It  stands  a  little  to  the  west  of  the 
other  brick  buildings. 

Soon  after  the  resignation  of  President  E.  B.  Andrews, 
Rev.  A.  Owen,  D.  D.,  of  Chicago,  after  a  service  of  twenty- 
three  years  in  the  ministry,  was  called  to  the  Presidency. 

The  University  now  enters  upon  a  period,  we  confidently 
believe,  of  deserved  prosperity.  It  has  a  well  selected  library 
of  12,000  volumes ;  an  exceptionally  good  cabinet  of  Natural 
History  and  Science ;  buildings  as  good  as  those  of  similar 
institutions  in  the  State  ;  a  well  invested  endowment  fund 
of  $300,000 ;  a  full  Faculty  of  scholarly  men  ;  a  history  that 
infuses  enthusiasm ;  a  Board  of  Trustees  devoted  to  its 
interests ;  and  patrons  that  are  well  pleased  with  the  work 
that  is  done  there.  It  stands  side  by  side  with  the  first  insti- 
tutions of  learning  west  of  the  Alleghanies  in  all  its  appoint- 
ments. 

The  general  catalogue  of  1879  sums  up  the  work  of  the  past 
as  follows:  There  were  two  hundred  and  forty-one  alumni, 
of  whom  two  hundred  and  eight  were  living.  There  were 
seventy-six  ministers  and  sixteen  theological  students ;  thir- 
ty-eight lawyers ;  eleven  professors ;  twenty  teachers,  etc. 
Nineteen  not  graduates  of  the*  collegiate  department,  had 
received  the  honorary  degree  of  Master  of  Arts ;  nineteen  of 


244  CATALOGUE   OK    1 879. 

Doctor  of  Divinity  ;  six  of  Doctor  of  Laws ;  and  one  of  Doc- 
tor of  Music.  Of  the  graduates,  fifty-three  have  received 
the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts ;  four  that  of  Doctor  of  Divin- 
ity ;  one  Doctor  of  Laws ;  eight  are  distinguished  by  the  title 
Honorable,  and  three  have  become  missionaries  abroad. 


GRANVILLE   ACADEMY.  245 


CHAPTER  XLI. 

(FEMALE   ACADEMY,  MALE   ACADEMY,   FEMALE    COLLEGE.) 

It  will  be  remembered  that  the  colonists  took  immediate 
action  to  provide  instruction  for  their  children.  They  built 
a  log  school  house,  and  employed  Mr.  Rathbone  as  teacher 
the  first  winter.  The  next  winter  the  school  was  taught  by 
Oliver  Dickinson;  the  third,  by  Knowles  Linnel;  and  the 
fourth,  by  a  Mr.  Perrin.  It  is  related  of  this  last  that  he 
used  to  carry  his  jug  into  school  with  him  and  frequently  im- 
bibed of  its  contents.  He  was  probably  the  last  to  teach  in 
the  old  log  house. 

Miss  Ruhama  Hayes  taught  a  select  school  in  the  Masonic 
room  in  Esq.  Gilman's  new  house,  in  1810.  The  next  year, 
December  16th,  Dr.  William  S.  Richards,  then  just  arrived 
in  the  place,  opened  a  school  in  the  same  room. 

In  1810,  the  new  frame  school  house  came  into  use. 

Dr.  Southard  taught  the  public  school  the  winter  of  1813- 
14.  He  used  to  enforce  his  authority  by  threatening  to  give 
medicine  to  the  recreant. 

Mr.  Sereno  Wright  succeeded  him.  His  method  of  enforc- 
ing discipline  was  different.  He  used  to  divide  the  scholars 
into  two  classes,  the  meritorious  and  the  otherwise.  The 
meritorious  had  certain  privileges  which  were  denied  to  the 
rest ;  such  as  lectures  on  etiquette,  military  drill,  practical 
lessons  on  the  art  of  living,  etc. 

Miss  Sophronia  Taylor,  afterwards  Mrs.  Gilman,  taught 
in  1816.  Misses  Sally  Baldwin,  Emily  Wolcott,  and  Mercy 
Boardman  followed.  Messrs.  Kelley,  Hall,  Grosvenor,  and 
McMillen  taught  previous  to  1824,  tne  new  brick  school 
house  being  in  use. 

Mr.  Little's  advent  in  1827,  was  the  occasion  of  a  strong 
impulse  being  given  to  the  cause  of  education.  His  wife  was 
a  woman  of  education,  and  both  of  them  heard  classes  of 


246  INCIPIENT  LADIES'   SCHOOL. 

young  ladies.  Miss  Mary  Ann  HoVe,  having  been  one  of 
Mr.  Little's  pupils,  opened  a  school  for  young  ladies  in  the 
office  of  Dr.  Cooley,  a  small  building  that  stood  in  the  eastern 
front  corner  of  the  Harris  lot.  Miss  Emma  Little,  a  sister  of 
the  pastor,  succeeded  Miss  Howe  with  a  school  of  the  same 
character  for  two  or  three  years. 

Mr.  Little  says:  "For  two  or  three  years  about  this  time 
Dr.  W.  W.  Bancroft  and  myself  were  self-made  trustees  to 
employ  teachers,  find  a  room  where  we  could,  and  keep  up 
the  ladies'  school."  "  In  1831,  we  employed  Miss  Mary  Eells, 
a  pious  and  discreet,  as  well  as  accomplished  young  lady, 
who  exerted  the  best  influence  over  scholars,  and  was  ever 
ready  to  guide  the  inquiring  mind  to  Christ." 

A  Miss  Boardman,  a  relative  of  Dr.  Richards,  taught  a 
school  of  both  sexes  in  a  room  over  the  saddler's  shop  of 
Aaron  McBride,  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Broad  and  Green 
Streets. 

All  this  is  historically  introductory  to  the  more  advanced 
schools  which  followed. 

In  1833,  the  need  of  a  permanent  and  furnished  room  for 
the  accommodation  of  the  school  became  pressing.  The 
Baptists  were  also  moving  to  the  same  end.  As  they  were 
applying  to  those  who  had  long  been  interesting  themselves 
in  school  matters,  for  aid  in  putting  up  their  building,  it  was 
supposed  by  the  Congregationalists  that  they  would  unite 
with  them,  and  allow  both  denominations  to  be  represented 
in  the  Board  of  Trustees.  A  committee  of  three  men  was 
appointed  to  wait  upon  them  with  such  a  proposition.  The 
reply  was  that  such  an  arrangement  would  injure  the  repu- 
tation of  the  school  among  Baptists  abroad. 

Mr.  Sereno  Wright  was  then  appointed  a  committee  to  see 
if  a  subscription  for  a  building  could  be  raised.  He  soon 
reported  success  and  a  site  was  purchased,  being  the  south- 
west corner  lot  at  the  intersection  of  Main  and  Fair  Streets, 
one  street  south  of  the  public  square.  By  July  the  frame 
was  ready  to  be  raised.      Ere  the  work  was  begun,  as  the 


ACADEMY   BUILDING. 


247 


men  stood  ready  to  stoop  to  their  burden,  u  the  blessing  of 
Almighty  God  was  invoked  on  the  enterprise."  In  Decem- 
ber, 1833,  the  building,  42  x  28  feet,  was  so  far  completed  and 


GRANVILLE    MALE    ACADEMY. 


furnished  that  Miss  Eliza  Foster,  a  descendant  of  John  Rogers, 
of  martyr  fame,  the  teacher  at  that  time,  occupied  the  upper 
story.  In  April,  1834,  the  building  was  completed,  dedicated, 
and  out  of  debt,  having  cost  $3000. 

GRANVILLE    FEMALE   ACADEMY. 

In  1834,  Misses  Elizabeth  Grant  and  Nancy  Bridges,  from 
the  school  of  Ipswich,  Massachusetts,  took  charge,  Miss 
Grant  of  the  higher,  and  Miss  Bridges  of  the  primary  de- 
partment. Miss  Grant  was  afterward  married  to  Dr.  Burton, 
of  Chillicothe,  and  in  1836,  September  19th,  Miss  Bridges 
was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  school.  She  was  a  lady  of  won- 
derful executive  ability,  and  carried  the  school  at  once  to 
the  front  and  sustained  it  there. 

March  14th,  1836,  the  school  was  chartered  as  Granville 
Academy,  the  Trustees  being  Rev.  Jacob  Little,  Hon  Samuel 
Bancroft,  Spencer  Wright,  Esq.,  Knowles  Linnel,  Esq., 
Leonard  Bushnell,  William  Smedley,  Timothy  M.  Rose, 
Henry  L.  Bancroft,  Ebenezer  Crawford,  Edwin  C.  Wright, 
and  Dr.  W.  W.  Bancroft,  with  perpetual  succession,  to  be 
known  as  the  "  Trustees  of  Granville  Academy." 


248  TEACHERS. 

December  30th,  1836,  the  Trustees  purchased  the  present 
site  of  the  Female  College,  one  and  a  half  acres,  and  in  the 
ensuing  year  the  large  four-story  frame  building,  68  feet 
front,  with  a  wing  93  feet  deep,  was  erected  at  a  cost  of 
$17,000.  From  the  more  complete  organization  of  the 
school  with  a  boarding  department  in  1834,  and  until  Feb- 
ruary 9th,  1844,  it  was  conducted  as  a  manual  labor  school, 
the  young  ladies  doing  most  of  the  work  in  the  culinary 
department.  Tuition  was  four  dollars  and  a  half  per  quarter, 
and  board,  on  this  system,  eighty-seven  and  a  half  cents  a 
week. 

In  1842,  Miss  Bridges  had  become  Mrs.  H.  R.  Gilmore, 
still  retaining  her  position  as  principal  of  the  school,  her 
husband  taking  the  business  management  of  the  school. 

In  1843,  Misses  Bailey,  Arms  and  Hamlen  had  charge  of 
the  school,  Miss  Bailey  being  principal  and  the  Board 
retaining  the  details  of  its  management. 

In  1844,  it  ceased  to  be  a  manual  labor  school,  and  there- 
after was  generally  conducted  with  a  gentleman  at  the  head. 

In  1845,  it  passed  to  the  hands  of  Mr.  William  D.  Moore, 
in  whose  care  it  continued  to  flourish  until  1854. 

May  9th,  1854,  a  contract  was  made  leasing  the  school  to 
Mr.  William  P.  Kerr.  For  eighteen  years  he  managed  it 
with  great  ability,  and  then  sub  leased  it  to  Rev.  George  H. 
Webster. 

In  1875,  a  corps  of  young  ladies,  Miss  Maggie  E.  Theaker 
being  principal,  took  charge  of  it ;  Misses  Mary  Converse, 
Abby  Kerr,  Eva  Robinson,  Maggie  E.  Theaker  and  Sadie 
Follett. 

In  1877,  Mr.  Kerr  again  took  the  position,  re-leasing  it  in 
1879  for  a  term  of  six  years.  A  system  of  steam-heating 
was  introduced,  each  room  having  its  radiator,  regulated  at 
the  pleasure  of  the  occupant,  and  all  the  halls  being  kept 
warm. 

Aside  from  the  above-named  principals,  the  following  have 
been  prominent  teachers,  most  of  them  for  a  term  of  several 


CHANGE    TO   COLLEGE  —  MALE   ACADEMY.  249 

years.  In  the  Academic  department,  Misses  Sarah  W. 
Dana,  Hannah  O.  Bailey,  Eliza  M.  Breed,  Susan  E.  Arms, 
Lucy  J.  Hamlen,  Caroline  S.  Humphrey,  Freelove  P.  Mcln- 
tire,  Elizabeth  G.  Knowlton.  Mary  P.  Oliphant,  Sarah  E. 
Haight,  Amelia  Bancroft,  Julia  F.  Hammond.  In  the  Pri- 
mary department,  Mrs.  Mary  T.  Bryan  was  a  most  successful 
teacher  of  sixteen  years'  service.  In  the  Musical  depart- 
ment were  Mr.  Horace  Hamlen,  who  served  fifteen  years, 
Mr.  S-  B,  Hamlen,  Misses  Rosa  and  Abby  Kerr,  for  shorter 
terms.  Miss  Helen  Humphrey  was  at  the  head  of  the 
Painting  department  for  four  years.  More  than  a  hundred 
and  fifty  have  been  employed  as  instructors. 

In  1867,  the  name  of  the  Institution  was  changed  to  Gran- 
ville Female  College,  the  course  of  study  has  been  enlarged 
and  the  fine  arts  are  claiming  more  and  more  attention.  It 
has  developed  the  talent  of  a  large  number  and  sent  them 
forth  as  teachers,  particularly  in  the  department  of  oil-paint- 
ing and  instrumental  music.  The  school  has  departed  some- 
what from  the  original  designs  of  its  founders,  but  the 
changes  have  been  well  considered  and  in  response  to  the 
demands  of  its  patrons.  It  now  stands  among  the  foremost 
schools  west  ol  the  Alleghenies  in  facilities  for  female  educa- 
tion at  reasonable  rates  of  expense. 

GRANVILLE   MALE   ACADEMY 

Was  simply  the  boys'  department  of  Granville  Academy. 
Rev.  T.  Harris  had  taught  several  young  men  in  the  classics 
preparatory  to  a  college  course,  and  with  a  view  to  their 
studying  for  the  ministry,  beginning  previous  to  1809.  Mr. 
Little  had  done  the  same  thing.  The  select  schools  up  to 
1833,  received  both  males  and  females.  At  that  time,  Rev. 
Joseph  Fowler,  a  graduate  of  Yale  College,  had  a  school  for 
boys  only,  in  the  chamber  of  the  two-story  building  on  the 
corner  back  of  the  Congregational  church. 

In  1834,  Rev.  Edmund  Garland,  a  graduate  of  Dartmouth 
College,  who  was  supplying  the  pulpit  during  Mr.  Little's 
illness,  gave  more  form  and  permanency  to  it,  having  a  large 
26 


250  SUCCESSION   OF   TEACHERS. 

number  of  classical  scholars ;  among  them  Rev.  J.  F.  Tuttle, 
D.  D.,  of  Wabash  College,  Hon.  George  B.  Wright,  Alexan- 
der Morrison,  Esq.,  Hon.  M.  M.  Munson  and  other  profes- 
sional men. 

When  Mr.  Garland  turned  his  attention  again  to  preaching, 
Mr.  William  S.  Martin,  a  graduate  of  Middlebury  College, 
took  the  school  and  retained  the  position  of  principal  until 
his  death  in  1842.  He  was  a  man  particularly  adapted  to 
the  place.  His  scholarship  was  adequate,  but  his  capacity 
to  govern  and  draw  out  his  scholars  was  his  strongest  point. 
Under  him  the  Academy  attained  its  highest  reputation, 
drawing  scholars  from  a  great  distance.  He  once  left  his 
school  room  in  session  time  to  follow  a  truant  boy  through 
the  streets  to  the  top  of  Mt.  Parnassus,  east  of  town,  where 
he  found  him  in  the  top  of  a  tree.  There  he  waited  upon 
him  in  kind  and  firm  authority  until  the  youth  thought  it 
time  to  surrender,  and  came  down,  went  back  to  school,  put 
his  mind  upon  his  books,  and  became  a  better  boy.  He  would 
keep  a  youth  at  the  blackboard,  trying,  studying,  persever- 
ing, until  he  waked  him  up  and  made  a  scholar  of  him.  In 
1838,  the  school  was  held  for  a  time  in  the  stone  basement 
room  of  the  new  Academy  building,  and  when  the  female 
department  took  possession  ot  the  new  building  in  1838,  the 
male  department  was  carried  to  the  rooms  above,  where  it 
had  its  home  so  long  as  it  continued  to  exist.  That  it  might 
not  be  overshadowed,  its  interests  were  confided  to  a  separate 
Board  of  Trustees.  In  the  summer  of  1842,  Mr.  Martin, 
feeling  that  his  health  required  more  activity,  sought  exercise 
in  the  hay-field.  He  overworked  and  brought  on  incurable 
disease,  dying  before  the  fall  term  of  the  Academy  commenced. 
His  successors  were  Mr.  Phinney,  (1843);  Rev.  Jonathan 
Pitkin,  (1844);  Rev.  J.  M.  Stearns,  (1845);  Mr.  W.  P.  Kerr, 
(1847);  Mr.  Ezekiel  Scudder,  (1850);  Mr.  Rollin  A.  Sawyer, 
(1851);  Mr.  Osmer  Fay,  after  a  vacancy  of  one  year,  (1856); 
Mr.  O.  Howard,  (1858);  Mr.  Henry  Parker,  (1859);  Mr.  O.  B. 
Thompson,  (i860). 


TEACHERS  OF   VOCAL   MUSIC.  251 

For  some  years  it  was  becoming  manifest  that  the  new 
High  School  in  the  common  school  system  of  Ohio  was 
infringing  upon  the  province  of  the  academy,  and  making  it 
more  and  more  a  labor  to  sustain  the  academy  as  a  school 
of  preparation  for  college,  and  the  effort  was  abandoned. 
There  have  been  times  since  when  its  friends  would  have 
resuscitated  it,  but  no  effort  has  been  successful.  The  build- 
ing passed  to  other  uses  and  the  floating  property  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  female  department. 

TEACHERS   OF   VOCAL   MUSIC. 

Judge  Bancroft,  so  far  as  appears,  was  the  first  to  teach 
music,  which  he  did  in  connection  with  choir  training,  from 
1805  t°  1815.  In  leading  his  choir  he  used  to  sound  the  key 
note  on  a  peculiar  little  hollow  box  instrument  in  the  shape 
of  a  book,  with  a  sliding  lid  in  one  edge.  It  was  blown  like 
a  whistle,  and  the  different  letters  of  the  scale  were  marked 
so  that  the  lid  being  adjusted  to  the  required  letter  its  note 
was  sounded. 

Dea.  G.  P.  Bancroft  was  probably  the  next  prominent 
teacher,  he  also  leading  the  choir  from  181 5  to  1830. 

Mr.  O.  M.  Selden,  from  Granville,  Mass.,  taught  here,  and 
at  the  same  time  in  Lancaster  and  Zanesville. 

Mr.  Nathaniel  Paige  taught  to  some  extent  in  the  school 
districts  around  the  village,  as  did  also  Mr.  Thomas  H. 
Bushnell. 

Mr.  Win.  H.  Brace,  having  a  superb  bass  voice,  was  an  ex- 
cellent singer  and  instructor. 

Mrs.  Jacob  L/ittle  had  a  good  knowledge  of  the  principles 
of  music,  and  gave  instruction  to  a  class  of  young  ladies  for 
the  sake  of  training  independent  singers  for  the  choir. 

Mr.  Freeman  Haskell  deserves  prominent  mention  also  as 
a  successful  teacher. 

The  name  at  the  head  of  the  list,  however,  is  that  of 
Horace  Hamlen,  who  came  here  in  1831,  and  at  once  took  a 
commanding  position  as  a  trainer  of  singers,  and  a  leader  of 


252  MR.    HORACE    HAMLEN. 

the  choir ;  in  which  position  he  was  sustained  until  he  vol- 
untarily retired  from  his  life-long  service. 

In  1837,  a  Mr.  Allen  came  to  the  place  from  Oberlin  and 
taught  during  the  winter,  making  quite  an  impression  as  a 
capable  musician  and  a  pious  man.  He  started  a  good  many 
children  in  singing,  introducing  some  of  them  into  the  choir. 

The  people,  however,  returned  to  their  interest  in  Mr. 
Hamlen,  who  had  now  been  so  long  among  them  as  to  be 
counted  one  of  them. 

He  was  born  in  Plainfield,  Mass.,  August  23d,  1810.  His 
talent  for  music  began  to  develop  at  twelve  years  of  age.  He 
attended  singing  school  with  his  older  brothers  and  sisters, 
learned  all  the  music  that  was  sung  and  developed  a  clear, 
strong  voice.  The  next  year  he  obtained  an  octave  flute. 
He  attained  such  proficiency  in  its  use  that  he  was  often 
called  on  for  music.  At  the  age  of  seventeen,  he  was  placed 
at  the  head  of  a  military  band  just  formed  in  the  town,  he 
playing  the  bugle.  This  position  he  retained  until  he  started 
for  Ohio,  October  1st,  1830.  When  he  was  nineteen  years  of 
age  the  Governor  of  Massachusetts  gave  him  a  commission 
as  Fife  Major,  of  which  he  was  very  proud. 

Coming  to  Ohio  in  1830,  he  first  stopped  in  Chester,  Geauga 
County,  where  he  spent  two  years.  He  was  invited  to  Gran- 
ville, where  the  way  opened  for  his  permanent  employment. 

A  Mr.  Thorpe  and  others,connected  with  Granville  College, 
for  brief  periods,  taught  music,  leading  also  the  choir  in  the 
Baptist  Church. 

In  later  years,  Mr.  Samuel  B.  Hamlen,  son  of  Horace 
Hamlen,  was  prominent  in  musical  instruction ;  also  Dr. 
Little's  sons,  Joseph  and  Alfred. 


GRANVILLE    FEMALE   SEMINARY.  253 


CHAPTER  XLII. 

BAPTIST,   EPISCOPAL,   BAPTIST    AGAIN,  YOUNG    LADIES'  INSTITUTE 

The  successful  initiation  of  the  college  enterprise  in  1830, 
awakened  also  an  enthusiasm  in  the  denomination  for  a 
Female  Semirrary.  Mr.  Sawyer  erected  a  two  story  frame 
building  on  Broadway  in  the  west  end  of  the  village,  for  a 
school  building ;  .and  in  the  rear,  on  Water  Street,  another 
frame  building  for  the  boarding  department,  which,  being  on 
the  hillside,  was  two  stories  high  on  the  north  side  and  three 
on  the  south.  Mr.  Poland  and  his  wife,  of  Massachusetts, 
were  engaged  as  teachers,  but  could  not  come  before  the 
spring  of  1833.  Rev.  H.  Gear  being  on  the  ground  as  Home 
Missionary  Agent,  his  wife  was  prevailed  upon  to  take  the 
school  for  the  winter  of  1832-33.  She  had  twenty-five 
scholars.  Mr.  Poland  arrived  in  the  spring  and  took  charge, 
but  the  sickness  and  death  of  his  wife  soon  interrupted  his 
work. 

Then  Misses  Clark  and  Ingraham  took  charge,  Miss  In- 
graham  being  teacher  of  music.  In  connection  with  her  in- 
struction, the  first  piano  brought  to  Granville  was  in  use.  It 
was  an  upright  instrument,  probably  of  five  octaves,  having 
a  large  satin  rosette  fo»  its  facing.  Very  few  in  Granville 
had  ever  seen  or  heard  such  an  instrument.  They  were  not 
at  all  common  even  at  the  East.  Miss  Ingraham's  perform- 
ances, as  well  as  those  of  her  scholars,  both  on  public  and 
social  occasions,  were  great  entertainments. 

Miss  Kimball  was  teacher  of  the  primary  department,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Miss  Maynard.  Miss  Converse  was  the 
next  principal,  having  as  associates  Miss  Elvira  Moore  and 
Miss  Josephine  Going,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Going.  Rev.  S.  B. 
Swaim  was  the  last  to  have  charge  of  it  previous  to  1839, 
when  it  was  bought  by  the  Episcopalians,  and  was  then 
known  as 

THE   EPISCOPAL   FEMALE  SEMINARY. 

It  was  run  for  a  time  by  a  Board  of  Trustees,  with  Mr. 


254  THE   EPISCOPAL   FEMALE   SEMINARY. 

Mansfield  French  as  principal.  Rev.  Alvah  Sanford  was 
soon  called  to  take  charge  of  it,  first  as  Rector  and  head  of 
the  boarding  department.  The  teachers  associated  with  Mr. 
French  were  Misses  Elvira  Moore,  F.  C.  Fuller,  and  Julia  A. 
Pratt.  Mr.  John  A.  Preece  was  teacher  of  instrumental 
music,  and  Mr.  F.  S.  Thorpe  of  vocal  music.  • 

Miss  Julia  A.  Pratt  succeeded  Mr.  French  as  principal  for 
a  time. 

Mr.  Sanford  soon  bought  the  entire  property;  [1838-9]  the 
Baptists  retaining  the  right  to  be  represented  in  the  faculty 
by  one  teacher.  Under  his  management  the  school  flour- 
ished for  several  years.  Associated  with  him  as  teachers 
were  Misses  Clara  F.Johnson,  Emily  Adams,  C.  T.  Aydelotte, 
Sarah  S.  Sanford,  M.  A.  DeForest,  Mary  L,.  Huggins,  and 
Messrs.  Solomon  N.  Sanford  and  Horace  Hamlen. 

In  1848,  Mr.  S.  N.  Sanford  bought  the  property,  (Mr.  A. 
Sanford  retiring  to  his  farm  just  west  of  town,)  and  con- 
tinued at  its  head  with  a  corps  of  efficient  helpers,  until  1857. 
The  chief  assistants  were :  Misses  Julia  A.  Pratt,  Clara  F. 
Johnson,  Mary  L.  Huggins,  Frances  B.  Johnson,  Charlotte 
Mahon,  Sarah  S.  Sanford,  and  Julia  L.  Huggins. 

At  that  time  Rev.  C.  S.  Doolittell  became  Rector  of  St. 
Luke's  Church,  and  he  and  his  brother-in-law,  Mr.  Lindley, 
bought  the  school  property  and  became  responsible  for  the 
instruction.  Among  their  helpers  were  Mrs.  L,indley,  Misses 
Dunlap,  Chase,  Thrall,  Jarvis,  Andrews,  O'Dwyer,  Larned 
and  Sawyer.  At  the  end  of  two  years  they  removed  the 
school  to  Mansfield,  Ohio,  and  resold  the  property  to  the 
Baptists,  and  it  became 

THE  YOUNG   LADIES'   INSTITUTE. 

Meantime,  Dr.  S.  N.  Burton,  Pastor  of  the  Baptist  Church, 
with  the  aid  of  Mrs.  Burton  and  Mrs.  S.  S.  Carter  and  Emma 
Stultz,  had  commenced  a  school  of  similar  grade  in  the  base- 
ment of  the  Baptist  Church.  The  Professors  of  the  Univer- 
sity also  gave  their  assistance  in  the  instruction  as  needed, 


THE  YOUNG   LADIES'  INSTITUTE.  255 

without  charge.  Two  classes  were  graduated  ;  the  first,  of 
two  members,  the  second,  of  nine. 

Rev.  M.  Stone,  D.  D.,  then  came  to  the  place,  September 
4th,  1861,  and  with  the  assistance  of  the  church,  who  gave 
a  bonus  of  $1000,  purchased  the  property  of  Messrs.  Doo- 
littell  and  Lindley,  added  a  fourth  story  to  the  main  building, 
and  continued  the  school.  He  continued  in  charge  until 
1868,  having  as  assistants  Misses  Carter,  Clark,  Corwin,  Hall, 
Hankins,  Berry,  Jarvis,  Snyder,  Cox,  Woodruff,  Nichols, 
Potts,  Abbott  and  Partridge.  One  graduating  class  numbered 
fourteen.  A  marked  feature  of  the  school  was,  that  for  sev- 
eral years,  all  the  graduates  were  professors  of  religion.  The 
alumnae  of  the  Young  Ladies'  Institute  are  counted  from 
those  graduated  by  Dr.  Burton,  no  connection  being  traced 
to  the  school  of  1834-38. 

In  1868,  Dr.  Stone  sold  the  property  to  Rev.  Daniel  Shep- 
ardson,  D.  D.,  who  has  maintained  a  high  educational  stand- 
ard up  to  the  present  time.  Prominent  among  his  helpers 
were  Misses  M.  O.  Brooks  and  Mary  E.  Anderson,  who  re- 
mained with  him  several  years.     [See  "  Additional  Record."] 


256  OUR   PROFESSIONAL   RECORD. 


CHAPTER    XLIII. 


MINISTERS,   MISSIONARIES,  LAWYERS,  PHYSICIANS. 

I.  Ministers. 

There  have  gone  from  our  families,  Orlin  P.  Hayes,  son  of 
Deacon  Levi  Hayes,  Congregationalist.  Studied  at  Williams 
College,  theology  with  Dr.  Timothy  Cooley,  Granville,  Mass., 
licensed  in  1816,  went  South,  and  died  at  Tallahassee,  Fla. 

Augustine  Alexander  preached  first  on  the  Granville  cir- 
cuit in  1864.  He  began  traveling  in  1835.  His  work  was 
mostly  in  the  southern  part  of  Ohio.  He  became  a  Presiding 
Elder.  His  labor  ceased  in  1880.  He  was  twice  married. 
His  first  wife  was  Miss  Montague,  and  the  second,  Miss 
Armstrong.     He  now  resides  in  Westerville,  O. 

Samuel  Cooper,  beginning  in  1818,  and  William  Metcalf 
were  Methodist  preachers  at  an  early  day  ;  but  little  can  be 
gathered  concerning  them. 

Norval  Howe,  son  of  Deacon  Amasa  Howe,  Presbyterian, 
Hampden  Sidney  College ;  preached  in  Eastern  Virginia, 
later  in  South  Carolina,  living  to  a  great  age. 

Timothy  W.  Howe,  son  of  Deacon  Amasa  Howe,  Presby- 
terian, Ohio  University,  Union  Theological  Seminary,  Va. ; 
married  Miss  Chloe  Harris,  of  Granville  ;  settled  in  Lima 
Township,  Licking  County,  O. ,  where  he  has  done  a  noble 
life  work. 

Hiram  Howe,  son  of  Deacon  Amasa  Howe,  Presbyterian, 
Ohio  University ;  preached  in  Gallia  County,  O. 

George  Ezekiel  Gavit,  son  of  William  Gavit,  Methodist ; 
now  resides  in  Ashley,  Delaware  County,  O.,  superannuated. 

E.  Corrington  Gavit,  son  of  William  Gavit,  Methodist, 
Toledo,  O. 

Thomas  Parker,  son  of  the  Mr.  Parker  who  settled  at  the 
mouth  of  Clear  Run  in  1803,  Methodist ;  was  a  local  preacher 
in  1828,  and  ordained  in  1832;  lives  at  Pataskala,  O.,  super- 
annuated ;  married  the  daughter  of  Eliphas  Thrall,  Sen. 


MINISTERS.  V         257 

John  B.  Thomas,  Baptist ;    preached  in  Knox  County,  O. 

Samuel  W.  Rose,  son  of  Judge  T.  Rose,  Presbyterian, 
Ohio  University ;  licensed  1826  ;  died  at  New  Lexington,  O. 

Joseph  H.  Weeks,  son  of  Joseph  Weeks,  Sen. ,  Presbyte- 
rian; preached  near  Natches,  Miss.,  where  he  still  lives, 
incapacitated  for  service  by  paralysis. 

There  were  three  brothers  by  the  name  of  Woods,  all  Bap- 
tist ministers,  in  early  times,  of  whom  little  can  be  gathered. 

Constant  Jones,  Methodist,  lived  some  time  with  his 
brother-in-law,  Cotton  M.  Thrall. 

Hoover,   Methodist,  lived  at  the  furnace,  where  he 

held  meetings  of  considerable  power. 

Owen  Owens,  Baptist,  was  licensed  in  1823  5  organized  the 
churches  of  Homer,  Liberty  and  Genoa. 

William  Sprague,  who  worked  at  coopering  with  Mr. 
Langdon,  became  a  Methodist  preacher. 

Daniel  Thomas,  Evan  Thomas,  Benjamin  Thomas,  three 
brothers,  Baptists,  came  about  1835,  began  to  preach,  re- 
moved to  Morrow  county,  Ohio.  Daniel  is  dead ;  Evan 
preaches  in  Illinois ;  Benjamin  is  President  of  Judson  Uni- 
versity, Judsonia,  Arkansas. 

Griffith  W.  Griffith,  son  of  Nicodemus  Griffith,  Presby- 
terian ;  Ohio  University ;  Lane  Seminary ;  died  in  course  of 
study,  February  3d,  1844. 

Henry  L.  Richards,  son  of  Dr.  Wm.  S.  Richards,  Episco- 
palian ;  Kenyon  College ;  preached  in  Columbus,  Ohio ;  be- 
came a  Roman  Catholic ;  now  in  hardware  business  in  city  of 
Boston. 

Milton  B.  Starr,  son  of  John  Starr,  Congregational ;  Lane 
Seminary  ;  preached  in  Central  Ohio,  Northern  Indiana,  and 
city  missionary  San  Francisco,  where  he  now  resides ;  married 
Miss  Elizabeth  G.  Knowlton,  a  teacher  in  the  Female 
Academy. 

John  White,  convert  of  revival  of  1831-2,  Methodist ;  Pre- 
siding Elder. 

Richard  Doughty,  raised  on  the  Welsh  Hills,  Methodist ; 


258  MINISTERS. 

served  on  the  Granville  Circuit  1844-5,  two  years.  He  also 
married  here. 

-  Ebenezer  Bushnell,  D.  D.,  son  of  T.  H.  Bushnell,  Pres- 
byterian ;  Western  Reserve  College  ;  Theological  Department 
of  the  same  institution,  being  tutor  of  mathematics  in  Col- 
lege while  studying  theology ;  preached  at  Burton,  Ohio,  and 
at  Fremont,  Ohio,  where  he  now  resides. 

Henry  Bushnell,  son  oi  Deacon  Leonard  Bushnell,  Pres- 
byterian;  Marietta  College;  Lane  and  Andover  Seminaries; 
preached  at  Lexington  and  Marysville,  Ohio,  until  health 
failed  ;  taught  at  Central  College;  resides  in  Granville,  Ohio; 
married  Miss  Harriet  M.  Thompson,  of  Granville,  Ohio. 

Albert  A.  Sturges,  son  of  Isaac  Sturges,  Congregational ; 
Wabash  College ;  New  Haven  Theological  Seminary ;  mis- 
sionary of  A.  B.  C.  F.  M.,  on  the  Island  Ponape,  Micronesia; 
married  Miss  Susan  M.  Thompson,  of  Granville,  Ohio. 

Lewis  Granger,  son  of  Ralph  Granger,  Baptist ;  Granville 
College  ;  preached  for  a  time  ;  resides  in  California. 

William  Hoge,  D.  D.,  Presbyterian ;  colleague  of  Dr. 
Gardiner  Spring,  New  York ;  at  the  breaking  out  of  the 
civil  war,  he  went  to  Virginia,  and  died  soon  after. 

Joseph  Little,  son  of  Rev.  Jacob  Little,  D.  D.,  Presby- 
terian ;  Western  Reserve  College ;  Lane  Seminary ;  chaplain 
in  the  army,  where  he  had  an  eventful  history ;  was  publish- 
ing a  series  of  charts  for  aid  in  his  work  in  West  Virginia, 
when  his  health  failed  ;  now  at  the  Health  Retreat,  Dansville, 
New  York ;  married  Miss  Emma  K.  Little,  of  Granville. 

Luman  P.  Rose,  son  of  H.  Prosper  Rose,  Congregational ; 
licensed  in  middle  life ;  Home  Mission  Superintendent, 
Indianapolis,  Indiana;  married  Miss  Emeline  Starr,  of  Gran- 
ville, Ohio. 

George  F.  Richards,  son  of  Dr.  William  S.  Richards,  Epis- 
copalian ;  Kenyon  College ;  Nashotah  Mission,  Wisconsin ; 
ordained  as  deacon  at  Ashtabula,  Ohio,  where  he  died  in 
early  life. 

George  Little,  son  of  Rev.  Jacob  Little,  D.  D.,  Presbyte- 


MINISTERS.  259 

rian  ;  Marietta  College  ;  Lane  Seminary  ;  preached  at  Oconto, 
Wisconsin,  and  now  at  Plymouth,  Indiana. 

Edward  Payson  Linnel,  son  of  Reuben  Linnel,  Presbyte- 
rian ;  Denison  University  and  Hamilton  College  ;  Union  The- 
ological Seminary,  New  York ;  preaches  at  German  Valley, 
New  Jersey  ;  married  Miss  Louise  Johnson,  of  Granville, 
Ohio. 

William  D.  Woodbury,  Universalist ;  preaches  at  New  Way, 
Jersey,  and  McConnelsville ;  has  preached  at  two  of  these 
places  for  twenty-two  years. 

George  Thrall,  son  of  Walter  Thrall,  Esq.,  Episcopalian  ; 
Granville  College ;  Kenyon  College;  ordained  in  1852;  col- 
league of  Dr.  Dudley  A.  Tyng ;  Philadelphia ;  pastor  at 
Bridgeport,  Connecticut,  and  Brooklyn,  New  York ;  labored 
for  Christian  Union ;  now  lives  in  Boston,  Massachusetts; 
writing  a  volume  entitled  "  Need  and  Way  of  Union." 

William  A.  Smith,  son  of  A.  J.  Smith,  Presbyterian  ;  Mar- 
ietta College ;  Union  Theological  Seminary;  died  in  Michi- 
gan, 1879. 

Frances  M.  Hall,  son  of  Dr.  Jeremiah  Hall,  of  Denison 
University  ;  Episcopalian  ;  Denison  University  ;  taught  four- 
teen years  ;  rector  in  Grace  Church,  Toledo,  Ohio  ;  St.  Mary's 
Church,  Cleveland,  Ohio ;  Trinity  Church,  Newark,  Ohio ; 
preaching  occasionally  in  Granville,  Ohio. 

Rev.  John  Payne,  Baptist;  Denison  University;  Rochester 
Theological  Seminary  ;  pastor,  Morenci,  Michigan. 

Charles  Little,  D.  D.,  son  of  Rev.  Jacob  Little,  D.  D., 
Presbyterian ;  Marietta  College  ;  Lane  Seminary  ;  preaches 
at  Wabash,  Indiana. 

Henry  Fulton,  son  of  Robert  Fulton,  Presbyterian ;  Den- 
ison University ;  Western  Theological  Seminary  ;  preached 
at  Duncan's  Falls,  Ohio;  West  Union,  Pennsylvania;  teach- 
ing at  Holton,  Pennsylvania. 

Evan  Thomas,  son  of  James  Thomas,  Congregational ; 
Denison  University ;  taught  and  studied  at  New  Haven, 
Connecticut ;  preaches  in  Vermont. 


260  MISSIONARIES. 

William  J.  Williams,  Baptist;  Denison  University;  some- 
times preaches  ;  living  in  Illinois. 

There  would  be  quite  a  number  added  to  this  list  if  all 
were  included  who  came  here  to  study  or  teach.  Among 
them,  Prescott  B.  Smith,  who  studied  with  Mr.  Harris ;  B. 
W.  Chidlaw,  D.  D.,  who  studied  with  Mr.  Little,  Edmund 
Garland,  James  Rank,  Joseph  F.  Tuttle,  D.  D.,  Lewis  God- 
den,  Joseph  V.  Barks,  J.  M.  Stearns,  Ezekiel  Scudder,  Rollin 
A.  Sawyer,  D.  D.,  James  H.  Taylor,  D.  D.,  Hugh  B.  Scott, 
Charles  Wallace,  and  all  who  have  entered  the  ministry  and 
been  connected  with  the  University.  As  catalogues  of  the 
different  institutions  are  published,  the  reader  is  referred  to 
them  for  information  which  would  unduly  burden  our  pages. 

II    Missionaries. 

Samuel  Wisner,  in  1818,  went  to  labor  among  the  Cher- 
okees  as  a  master  mechanic,  helping  them  in  their  removal 
from  Georgia  to  their  new  territory,  and  in  building  houses 
in  their  new  home.  He  was  under  the  A.  B.  C.  F.  M. ;  died 
in  Geauga  County,  Ohio. 

William  H.  Manwaring,  in  1823,  na<^  a  similar  commission 
to  one  of  the  tribes  in  Georgia ;  died  at  Franklin,  Ind. 

Miss  Mary  Ann  Howe,  in  1833,  was  married  to  Rev.  Mr. 
Johnston,  of  Charleston,  S.  C,  and  went  to  Asia  Minor 
under  the  same  Board.  After  nineteen  years  of  labor  they 
returned  to  this  country,  her  health  not  being  equal  to  the 
demands  of  missionary  toil. 

Henry  K.  Copeland  and  wife,  in  October,  1835,  offered 
themselves  to  the  American  Board,  and  were  sent  to  the 
Choctaws  as  teachers.  Mr.  Copeland  soon  became  a  general 
superintendent  of  agricultural  and  mechanical  interests,  and 
Postmaster  General  for  the  Nation.  They  continued  in  their 
work  twenty  years,  when,  from  failing  health,  they  were 
obliged  to  leave. 

Miss  Charlotte  M.  Hopkins,  in  1848,  was  married  to  Rev. 
John  E.  Chandler,  and  under  the  A.  B.  C.  F.  M.,  went  to 
India  and  joined  the  Madura  mission,  where  they  still  live, 


MISSIONARIES.  261 

pursuing  their  work,  having  a  son  and  two  daughters  now 
missionaries  in  the  same  field. 

Rev.  Albert  A.  Sturges  and  Miss  Susan  M.  Thompson, 
both  natives  of  Granville,  were  married  in  1851,  and  under 
the  A.  B.  C.  F.  M.,  went  to  Ponape,  Micronesia,  where  they 
met  with  good  success  in  their  work  of  twenty-eight  years. 
They  are  now  at  Woodburn,  111.,  in  broken  health. 

Joseph  G.  Thrall,  in  1851,  was  sent  as  others  to  the  Choc- 
taws  to  instruct  in  agriculture,  remaining  only  one  year. 

Miss  Julia  Bushnell,  in  1853,  was  married  to  Rev.  Hubert 
P.  Herrick,  and  went  with  him  to  the  Gaboon  mission,  West 
Africa,  under  the  American  Board.  From  broken  health  she 
was  obliged  to  return  at  the  end  of  two  years.  Her  husband, 
after  two  years'  residence  in  New  York  State,  returned  to 
the  mission,  hoping  his  wife  would  soon  be  able  to  follow 
him.  But  he  soon  died.  She  afterward  married  Dr.  H.  V. 
V.  Johnson,  of  McMinnville,  Oregon,  where  she  now  resides. 

Dr.  John  G.  Kerr,  in  1853,  went  as  a  medical  missionary 
to  Canton,  China,  under  the  Presbyterian  Board.  He  suc- 
ceeded Hon.  Peter  Parker,  in  the  charge  of  a  hospital 
founded  and  sustained  by  the  Board,  and  he  is  still  filling 
that  position. 

Miss  Anna  Baker,  in  1856,  joined  the  Dacotah  mission 
under  the  American  Board,  where  she  labored  five  years. 
Subsequently  for  three  years  she  taught  the  freedmen.  She 
then  became  the  wife  of  Dr.  Riggs  and  returned  to  mission 
work  in  Minnesota. 

Miss  Lydia  J.  Goodrich,  in  1859,  was  married  to  Rev. 
David  D.  Green,  and  went  immediately  to  Ningpo,  China, 
where  seven  years  of  labor  were  spent  under  the  Presby- 
terian Board.  They  were  then  transferred  to  Hangchow, 
where  three  years  more  were  spent.  Returning  to  this 
country  on  account  of  the  health  of  one  of  the  children,  Mr. 
Green  died,  and  Mrs.  Green  now  resides  in  Granville. 

Miss  Minnie  Beach,  in  1869,  went  as  teacher  to  the  Bulga- 
rian mission.     By  the  sickness  of  others,  the  whole  care  of 


26'J  MISSIONARIES. 

the  school  fell  upon  her  before  she  had  mastered  the  lan- 
guage, and  her  health  failed,  after  four  years  of  service.  She 
now  resides  in  Chicago,  111. 

Miss  Martha  Baker,  in  1872,  joined  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Riggs, 
and  engaged  for  two  years  in  the  same  work  her  sister  had 
previously  done  for  the  Dacotahs. 

Miss  Harriet  B.  demons  became  the  wife  of  Rev. 
Steele,  and  went  to  New  Mexico  under  the  Methodist  Board 
of  Missions,  where  they  labored  with  success  for  seven  years. 
They  were  in  the  midst  of  a  Romish  population  and  were 
environed  with  dangers.  Mr.  Steele  was  shot  at  several 
times.     They  now  reside  in  Wisconsin. 

Four  of  these  harvest  gatherers  have  gone  to  their  reward. 
The  rest,  having  obtained  help  of  God,  continue  to  this  day. 
But,  strange  to  say,  only  two  of  them  are  this  day  actively 
engaged  in  the  foreign  field :  Dr.  John  G.  Kerr,  and  Mrs. 
Charlotte  M.  H.  Chandler.  Three  were  only  temporarily  em- 
ployed as  teachers  or  laborers.  The  rest  have  been  obliged 
to  retire  from  the  field,  on  account  of  the  sickness  of  them- 
selves or  families,  or  some  kindred  approved  cause. 

Dr.  Little  gives  the  names  of  thirty-two  daughters  of  his 
church  who  had  become  the  wives  of  ministers  previous  to 
1863 ;  and  of  forty-nine  sons  of  the  church  who  had  become 
elders  or  deacons  in  this  or  some  other  church. 

III.  Lawyers. 

Hon.  Jeremiah  R.  Munson,  prominent  in  the  early  history 
of  the  colony,  representing  them  in  the  Legislature;  obtain- 
ing their  library  charter ;  at  one  time  prominently  active  and 
successful  in  a  movement,  for  political  reasons,  for  a  change 
of  State  officers. 

Walter  Thrall,  Esq.,  long  a  resident  here,  excelled  rather 
as  a  counsellor  than  pleader;  now  lives  in  Columbus,  O. 

Seth  Mead,  a  pettifogger  in  minor  cases  in  early  times. 

Thomas  M.  Thompson,  Esq.;  Kenyon  College;  now  re- 
sides on  his  farm  near  Monticello,  Indiana. 


LAWYERS.  263 

George  W.  Ells,  Esq.;  of  active  mind  and  habits,  a  suc- 
cessful pleader;  became  a  bookseller  in  Dayton,  Ohio;  now 
resides  in  Davenport,  Iowa. 

Alexander  Morrison,  Esq.,  whose  history  cannot  be  traced. 

Hon.  George  B.  Wright;  Ohio  University  ;  Commissioner 
of  Railroads  and  Telegraphs  for  the  State  of  Ohio;  now  re- 
sides in  Indianapolis,  Indiana.     [  See  Soldiers'  Roster.] 

Hon.  Samuel  White. 

He  was  the  son  of  Samuel  White  who  came  to  the  Welsh 
Hills  in  1810.  His  mother  was  a  daughter  of  Theophilus  Reese. 
It  is  related  of  Samuel  Jr.,  as  of  one  of  the  Philipps  boys,  that 
he  used  to  go  to  school  through  the  snow  barefoot,  carrying  a 
hot  board  to  stand  on  when  his  feet  grew  cold,  and  that  his 
teacher,  one  Abraham  Hall,  used  to  favor  him  by  letting  him 
sit  near  the  fire.  It  is  a  story,  however,  so  marked  that  it  will 
not  answer  to  be  told  of  too  many.  It  is  certainly  true  that  he 
showed  a  thirst  for  knowledge,  and  that  he  strove  hard  and 
patiently  for  an  education.  He  was  in  the  first  class  formed  for 
Granville  College.  He  early  espoused  the  abolition  cause,  and 
mention  has  been  made  of  him  several  times  in  the  annals.  In 
those  stirring  times  he  once  went  to  Hartford,  Licking  county, 
to  lecture  upon  a  set  day  on  anti-slavery.  Three  or  four  hundred 
mobocrats  gathered  to  prevent  the  lecture.  They  were  armed 
with  butcher  knives,  clubs,  pistols,  muskets;  some  not  over 
fifteen  years  of  age,  swaggering,  swearing,  and  carrying  guns. 
He  gave  up  his  lecture,  and  went  down  to  Anson  Clark's  sugar 
camp.  There  fifty  men  surrounded  him  and  took  him  back  to 
town.  They  first  proposed  to  him  that  he  should  fight  their 
champion.  White  at  once  threw  off  his  coat,  but  their  man 
suddenly  thought  himself  sick,  and  declined.  White  was  locked 
up  with  two  other  men  while  the  mob  parlied  what  to  do.  Some 
threatened  to  kill  him.  Twelve  men  were  constituted  a  jury  to 
decide,  but  they  could  not  agree.  Others  went  out  and  they 
decided  that  he  should  be  blacked  and  ridden  on  a  rail.  He 
overheard  it  all,  but  "flinched  no  more  than  a  stump."  He  said 
to  them,  "If  there  were  only  twelve  of  you  I  would  take  care 
of  myself.  But  you  can  overpower  me,  and  I  can  suffer." 
They  made  a  wooden  horse  of  a  rail,  the  sharp  edge  turned  up, 
standing  on  legs  as  high  as  a  man's  shoulders,  decorated  with 
the  horns  and  tail  of  a  cow.  They  also  got  in  readiness  a  pot 
of  blacking.     As  they  took  him  out  of  the  door  he  managed  to 


264  LAWYERS. 

kick  over  the  blacking.  Half  a  dozen  men  then  stepped  up 
and  swore  they  should  not  black  him,  and  that  part  was  omitted. 
Sam  then  sprang  upon  the  horse,  and  was  carried  on  the  shoulders 
of  four  men  about  twenty-five  rods  and  brought  back  again.  This 
was  enough  of  "playing  horse."  They  then  wanted  him  to 
promise  never  to  come  back  again  to  lecture,  but  he  utterly 
refused  to  do  it.  He  then  started  leisurely  away  and  they  did 
not  hinder  him.  He  reached  home  in  safety.  The  other  two 
prisoners  also  watched  their  opportunity,  slipped  out  the  back 
door,  and  got  away,  one  of  them  with  nothing  of  his  coat  left 
but  part  of  a  cuff.  (They  were  C.  W.  Gunn  and  Knowles 
Linnel,  Jr.) 

When  he  began  to  practice  law,  more  abundant  means  came 
to  hand,  and  he  not  only  lived  in  comfort  but  helped  his  rela- 
tives. He  was  an  orator,  and  his  fellow  citizens  soon  claimed 
him  for  public  political  life.  He  died  while  in  the  midst  of  a 
canvass  as  candidate  for  State  Senator. 

Hon.  Daniel  Humphrey  ;  removed  to  Newark  ;  first  Probate 
Judge  under  the  new  constitution.     Died  in  middle  life. 

Hon.  A.  E.  Rogers,  a  student  of  G.  W.  Ells,  Esq.;  mem- 
ber of  Legislature;  long  the  Mayor  of  the  village. 

George  W.  Andrews,  George  W.  Grow,  Noah  Case,  John 
W.  Montague,  students  of  Mr.  Ells ;  history  not  accessible. 

Lewis  Spelman,  Esq.,  once  a  candidate  for  Prosecuting 
Attorney  ;  studied  with  Mr.  Ells ;  now  resides  four  miles  west 
of  Granville. 

Hon.  John  G.  Weeks,  studied  both  medicine  and  law ; 
practiced  medicine  in  Indianapolis,  Indiana;  removed  to 
Des  Moines,  Iowa,  became  Probate  Judge ;  kept  an  abstract 
office  in  Des  Moines ;  now  dead. 

Hon.  Marvin  M.  Munson,  studied  at  Delaware,  Ohio ;  prac- 
ticed at  Troy,  Ohio  ;  edited  a  paper  there ;  member  of  State 
Board  of  Equalization;  Captain  of  Company  D,  113th  Reg- 
iment, Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  which  company  he  raised 
here  and  led  into  the  field,  but  from  ill  health  did  not  long 
remain  with  it ;  resides  in  Granville  on  the  old  home  farm.   . 

Thomas  Walker,  Esq.,  a  colored  man,  long  a  professor  of 
the  tonsorial  art ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ; 
went  to  California. 


LAWYERS.  265 

William  Richards,  Esq.,  practiced  in  Newark ;  edited 
Newark  Gazette  (1847) ;  also  Daily  Gate  City,  Keokuk,  Iowa, 
(1852) ;  now  a  clerk  in  the  Treasury  Department  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

James  W.  Sinnet,  Granville  College  ;  now  at  Carthage, 
Mo. ;  married  the  daughter  of  Grove  Case. 

Hon.  Jacob  W.  Stewart,  Granville  College  ;  resides  in  Dav- 
enport, Iowa ;  teacher,  prosecuting  attorney,  collector  of 
internal  revenue,  mayor  of  Davenport,  Iowa. 

John  L.  Bryan,  Esq.,  Kenyon  College;  practiced  in  Co- 
lumbus, O. ;  now  deceased ;  married  Miss  Mary  T.  Collins, 
of  Granville. 

Henry  C.  Sinnet,  Granville  College ;  studied  and  practiced 
with  Buckingham,  in  Newark;  resides  in  Sedalia,  Mo.  . 

William  H.  Ingraham,  Denison  University,  (1861) ;  prac- 
ticed at  Toledo,  O.,  where  he  died  August  31st,  1875. 

Hon.  Henry  Howe ;  city  judge,  Toledo,  O.,  where  he  now 
resides. 

Edward  Wright,  Esq.,  Northampton  and  Dartmouth  Col- 
leges ;  resides  in  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

William  Bryan,  Esq. ;  resides  in  Granville. 

Benjamin  Woodbury,  Esq.,  Denison  University,  (1872) ; 
practices  in  Columbus,  O. 

John  D.  Jones,  Esq.,  practices  in  Newark,  O. 

J.  B.  Jones,  Esq.,  practices  in  Newark,  O. 

Jacob  R.  Davies,  Esq. ,  Denison  University,  (1869) ;  Michi- 
gan University  ;  practices  in  Newark,  O. 

David  E.  Williams,  Esq.,  Denison  University,  (1874) ; 
practices  in  Columbus,  O. 

David  Jones,  Esq.,  practiced  in  Columbus,  O. ;  recently 
died. 

Hon.  H.  Judson  Booth,  Harvard  College ;  studied  with 
Hon.  George  L.  Converse,  Columbus,  O. ;  member  of  House 
of  Representatives  from  Franklin  County. 

Erasmus  Philipps,  Esq. 

Casper  F.  Bryan,  Esq.,  resides  in  Granville. 
27 


266  -  PHYSICIANS. 

Hon.  Sylvester  Spelman  Downer;  county  judge,  Boulder, 
Colorado. 

E.  M.  P.  Brister,  Esq.,  Denison  University;  practices  in 
Newark,  O. 

Thomas  W.  Philipps,  Esq.,  Wooster  University ;  practices 
in  Newark,  O. 

A.  L.  Ralston,  Esq.,  Kenyon  College;  practices  in  Colum- 
bus, O. 

John  M.  Swartz,  Esq.,  Denison  University;  practices  in 
Newark,  O. 

IV.  Physicians. 

Previous  to  the  coming  of  any  resident  physicians  the 
sick  availed  themselves  of  the  services  chiefly  of  Dr.  Top- 
ping, of  Worthington,  twenty-seven  miles  distant. 

Dr.  Samuel  Lee  came  from  Vermont  in  1809,  and  removed 
to  Coshocton  in  181 1. 

Dr.  William  S.  Richards,  from  New  London,  Conn.,  came 
in  181 1,  and  was  thereafter  identified  with  Granville  and  its 
interests. 

Dr.  Paul  Eager,  a  graduate  of  Dartmouth  College,  came 
from  Vermont  about  the  same  time,  but  did  not  long  give 
himself  to  his  profession  after  coming  to  this  place. 

Dr.  Southard  practiced  in  the  place  about  1815. 

Drs.  Moulton  and  Rood  practiced  in  company  about  1816, 
having  their  office  in  the  little  brick  building,  put  up  by 
David  Messenger,  Jr.,  just  east  of  "  the  tin  shop." 

About  the  same  time  Dr.  John  Phelps  indulged  in  the 
"  steam  cure  "  system  for  a  few  years. 

Dr.  J.  B.  Cooley,  from  Granville,  Mass.,  came  in  the  spring 
of  1820.  A  few  years  later  he  married  the  widow  of  Rev.  T. 
Harris,  and  had  his  office  on  the  lot  at  the  corner  of  Broad 
and  Liberty  Streets,  where  Mr.  Harris  had  lived.  He 
removed  to  Homer  in  1832. 

Dr.  Sylvester  Spelman  came  in  the  fall  of  1820.  He  con- 
tinued to  practice  for  some  years,  eventually  turning  his 
attention,  first  to  merchandising  and  then  to  banking. 


PHYSICIANS.  267 

Dr.  Homer  L.  Thrall,  "  born  in  Rutland,  Vt,  October  18, 
1802,  moved  to  Granville  in  1818,  studied  medicine  in  Lexing- 
ton (Ky.)  Medical  College  and  elsewhere.  Was  married  in 
1827,  in  1830  moved  from  Granville  to  Homer,  and  afterward 
to  Utica,  and  from  thence,  in  1838,  he  went  to  Gambier,  where, 
as  Professor  of  Chemistry  in  Kenyon  College  till  1852,  he  con- 
cluded from  his  experiments,  and  taught,  that  the  known  causes 
of  external  phenomena,  such  as  light,  heat,  electricity,  etc., 
could  be  explained  by  one'  law — the  law  of  the  correlation  of 
forces,  and,  also,  from  his  observation  that  the  molecules  of  a 
body  attract  each  other,  deduced  the  law  of  molecular 
attraction,  teaching  these  laws  to  his  classes  several  years  before 
they  were  published  by  Faraday,  Grove  and  others.  He  was  a 
man  of  remarkable  intellect,  an  acute  and  profound  thinker,  an 
original,  fearless  and  safe  investigator,  and  long  before  his 
lamented  death  at  Ottumwa,  Iowa,  July  26,  1870,  he  had  logic- 
ally worked  himself  out  of  the  darkness  of  infidelity  into  the 
clear  light  of  orthodox  Christianity." 

Dr.  W.  W.  Bancroft  was  the  son  of  Azariah  Bancroft,  who 
came  to  the  place  in  1814.  After  practicing  for  several  years 
he  took  a  second  course  of  lectures  in  Philadelphia.  He  was 
of  an  active  temperament,  searching  mind,  and  a  successful 
practitioner.  He  started  the  Granville  Water  Cure  in  1852. 
After  Dr.  Bancroft  left  the  Water  Cure,  Drs.  Jones,  Owens, 
Strong,  Ralston  and  Hudson  successively  carried  it  on. 

Dr.  E.  F.  Bryan  came  to  the  place  from  Akron  in  1838. 
He  is  now  eighty  years  of  age,  having  maintained  a  success- 
ful practice  for  more  than  forty  years,  and  is  still  going  at 
the  call  of  many  of  his  life-long  friends. 

Dr.  Thomas  Bancroft  studied  with  his  uncle,  Dr.  W.  W. 
Bancroft,  attended  lectures  in  Philadelphia,  practiced  for  a 
time  in  Granville  with  his  uncle,  giving  his  attention  pri- 
marily to  dentistry,  and  then  removed   to  New  Madrid,  Mo. 

Dr.  C.  J.  Gifford  came  to  Granville  from  Etna,  O.,  in  1840. 
For  a  time  he  was  associated  in  practice  with  Dr.  Bancroft 
but  the  partnership  was  soon  dissolved.  Of  late  years  he 
has  limited  his  practice  to  the  village. 


268  PHYSICIANS. 

Dr.  Guthrie  was  associated  with  Dr.  Bancroft  for  two  years 
preceding  1845. 

Dr.  Elisha  D.  Barrett,  a  graduate  of  Williams  College, 
came  to  Granville  in  1844  or  1845.  He  had  studied  both 
medicine  and  theology.  He  gave  himself  to  preaching  until 
a  bronchial  affection  obliged  him  to  desist.  He  practiced  in 
Granville  four  years.  He  lived  to  the  age  of  ninety,  dying 
in  Sedalia,  Mo.,  November  6th,  1880. 

Dr.  George  Spencer  was  a  physician  of  the  botanic  school, 
and  practiced  extensively  for  twelve  or  fifteen  years,  succeed- 
ing Dr.  Beeman  of  the  same  school,  who  had  his  office  in  the 
small  building  afterward  occupied  by  the  store  of  Mr.  R. 
Parsons. 

Dr.  Austin  was  of  the  same  school  and  followed  Dr. 
Spencer. 

Dr.  Edwin  Sinnet  studied  with  Dr.  Bancroft,  and  was  with 
him  in  the  Water  Cure  for  eight  years.  He  has  since  been 
one  of  the  leading  practitioners  of  the  place. 

Dr.  Alfred  Follett  came  to  this  place  from  Johnstown,  O., 
in  1863.  In  early  life  he  lost  a  foot  by  an  accident  with  a 
threshing  machine.  As  soon  as  recovered  from  the  accident 
he  prepared  himself  for  the  practice  of  medicine,  and  an 
unusual  degree  of  physical  energy  has  more  than  over- 
balanced the  loss  of  his  limb  in  the  race  of  competition  for 
patronage.  He  took  his  degree  from  Starling  Medical  Col- 
lege, Columbus,  O. 

Two  brothers  by  the  name  of  Bean,  active  young  men, 
were  practicing  here  about  1864  f°r  a  short  time. 

Dr.  Cyrus  B.  Evans,  little  can  be  learned. 

Dr.  J.  Watkins,  from  England,  has  been  a  prominent  mem- 
ber of  the  medical  faculty  here  for  fourteen  years,  a  graduate 
of  Edinburgh  University,  and  member  of  Royal  College  of 
Surgery,  London. 

The  youngest  of  the  fraternity  is  Dr.  William  Davies,  a 
native  of  Granville  ;  a  graduate  of  Denison  University  ;  prin- 
cipal of  the  public  schools  for  several  years  ;  attended  lectures 


PHYSICIANS.  269 

in  the  University  of  the  City  of  New  York,  where  he  stood 
prominent  in  a  class  of  two  hundred  and  five,  and  at  once 
commenced  practice  in  his  native  place ;  being  also  in  de- 
mand as  a  lecturer  in  the  Columbus  Medical  College. 

With  these  physicians  there  have  during  the  same  time 
been  many  students  of  medicine,  some  from  the  Granville 
boys,  whose  names  do  not  appear  above.  Others  of  them 
have  studied  elsewhere. 

Milton  Bigelow,  (1820)  Lancaster,  Ohio ;  Ephraim  Howe, 
Franklin  Howe,  H.  N.  Ells,  (1825)  Samuel  Bushnell,  (1842) 
Monticello,  Indiana ;  Hiram  Howe,  died  while  attending 
lectures  at  Cleveland,  Ohio  ;  Franklin  Paige,  recently  deceased 
in  Johnstown,  Ohio  ;  Benjamin  Pratt,  also  recently  deceased 
in  Johnstown,  Ohio;  Ed.  and  Moses  Pratt,  practicing  in 
the  western  part  of  the  State  ;  Julius  H.  Bancroft,  dentist, 
died  at  New  Madrid,  Missouri ;  Marshall  Hill,  recently  de- 
ceased ;  Franklin  Thrall,  (1836)  Kirkersville ;  Charles  Falley, 
Breckenridge,  Minnesota;  William  and  Nathan  Dodge, 
(1845)  ;  Dillon  Witherell,  Thomas  D.  Williams,  homoeopa- 
thist,  London,  Ohio;  Lyman  Ingham,  (1846) ;  Edwin  Fuller, 
(1855)  ;  Robert  M.  Stone,  homoeopathist;  Cyrus  and  Isaac 
Evans,  Welsh  Hills;  George  Follett,  Starling  Medical  Col- 
lege, pharmacist  at  Ohio  Lunatic  Asylum ;  James  D. 
Thompson,  Jefferson  Medical  College^  Philadelphia,  Johns- 
town, Ohio ;  Lucius  Robinson,  dentist,  Cincinnati,  Ohio ; 
John  Owens,  Jefferson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia;  Oliver 
Wolcott,  1875,  Starling  Medical  College,  Columbus,  Ohio; 
Kane  Follett,  student,  Starling  Medical  College;  George  G. 
Kyle,  Corning,  Ohio. 

The  practical  dentists  of  Granville  .have  been  five ;  Drs. 
Thomas  Bancroft,  Shepard  Hamlen,  Hiram  Todd,  William 
H.  Sedgwick,  and  Ed.  O.  Arrison. 

The  following  are  deserving  of  special  mention  who  can 
not  be  classified  : 

Major  General  Charles  Griffin,  son  of  Apollos  Griffin  ; 
graduated  at  West  Point  in  1847,  married  Miss Carroll, 


270  SPECIAL  MENTION. 

won  his  way  by  meritorious  conduct  on  the  battle-field  to 
pre-eminence ;  served  throughout  the  war  of  the  rebellion ; 
died  at  Galveston,  Texas,  of  yellow  fever,  because  he  would 
not  forsake  the  post  where  duty  seemed  to  have  placed  him. 

Mr.  Appleton  B.  Clark,  son  of  Anson  Clark,  grandson  of 
Araunah  Clark,  has  been  for  twelve  years  the  editor  of  the 
Newark  American,  sustaining  it  as  a  worthy  chronicler  of  the 
times.  He  has  taken  particular  interest  in  publishing  histor- 
ical papers. 

Mr.  Hubert  Howe  Bancroft,  son  of  Ashley  A.  Bancroft, 
has  retired  from  a  successful  business  career  and  given  him- 
self to  literary  pursuits,  in  which  he  has  achieved  a  remark- 
able success,  having  published  about  forty  volumes  under 
the  following  titles : 

Native  Races  of  the  Pacific  States;  five  volumes. 

History  of  Central  America;  three  volumes. 

History  of  Mexico;  six  volumes. 

History  of  Texas  and  the  North  Mexican  States;  two  volumes. 

History  of  Arizona  and  New  Mexico;  one  volume. 

History  of  California;   seven  volumes. 

History  of  Nevada,  Colorado  and  Wyoming;  one  volume. 

History  of  Utah;  one  volume. 

History  of  the  Northwest  Coast;  two  volumes. 

History  of  Oregon;  two  volumes. 

History  of  Washington,  Idaho  and  Montana;  one  volume. 

History  of  British  Columbia;  one  volume. 

History  ol  Alaska;  one  volume. 

California  Pastoral;  one  volume. 

California  Inter  Pocula;  one  volume. 

Popular  Tribunals;  two  volumes. 

Essays  and  Miscellany;  one  volume. 

Literary  Industries ;  one  volume. 

Chronicles  of  the  Kings;  several  volumes. 

These  works  received  very  flattering  attention  from  the 
literary  world. 

"The  Macaulay  of  the  West." — Wendell  Phillips. 
"The  Herbert  Spencer  of  Historians." — Boston  Journal. 
"Now  recognized  as  an  authority  of  the  first  rank." — New 
York  Tribune. 


PROFICIENTS   IN   PAINTING.  271 

il  A  marvel." — London  Post. 

"A  narrative  clear,  logical,  and  attractive." — London  Times. 

M  Full  of  living  interest." — British  Quarterly. 

**  A  literary  enterprise  more  deserving  of  generous  sympathy 
and  support  has  never  been  undertaken  on  this  side  of  the  At- 
lantic."—  North  American  Review. 

John  H.  Sample  ;  Denison  University,  1872,  is  Civil  Engi- 
neer of  the  O.  C  R.  R.,  Granville,  Ohio. 

Dudley  Rhoads;  Denison  University,  1876,  is  Civil  Engi- 
neer on  A.  T.  &  S.  F.  R.  R. 

Isaac  J.  Osbun ;  Denison  University,  1872,  Professor  of 
Physics  in  State  Normal  School,  Salem,  Massachusetts. 

Franklin  A.  Slater;  Denison  University,  1871 ;  Principal 
of  Judson  University,  Judsonia,  Arkansas. 

V.  R.  Shepard ;  Denison  University,  1876 ;  Daily  Commer- 
cial, Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

L.  M.  Shepard ;  Denison  University,  1877 ;  Local  Editor 
of  Daily  Star,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Miss  Ella  Hayes,  a  descendant  of  Deacon  Silas  Winchel, 
Professor  in  Wellesley  College,  Massachusetts. 

Miss  Hattie  Partridge,  now  Mrs.  Dr.  Davies,  stands  very 
high  as  a  teacher  of  painting,  and  whose  name  does  not  ap- 
pear above.  Other  proficients  with  the  pencil  are  Misses 
Lenora  Carpenter,  Sarah  F.  Follett,  Samantha  Wright,  Mary 
Parker,  Amelia  Tight,  Luella  Gurney,  Lou.  Goodrich,  Louise 
Johnson,  Minnie  Buxton,  Angie  Walker. 

T.  D.  Jones  has  attained  considerable  eminence  as  a 
sculptor,  having  been  employed  by  the  State  on  a  highly  es- 
teemed group  that  embellishes  the  rotunda  of  the  State 
House,  Columbus,  representing  "The  Surrender  of  Vicks- 
burg,  July,  1864." 

Albert  Little  Bancroft,  son  of  Ashley  A.  Bancroft,  is  a  suc- 
cessful business  man  of  San  Francisco  ;  the  senior  partner  of 
one  of  the  largest  law  book  publishing  firms  of  the  United 
States.  They  sell  in  a  single  month  as  high  as  $40,000  worth 
of  their  own  publications.     He  remains  in  active  business, 


272  SUCCESSFUL  BUSINESS   MEN. 

though  keeping  a  summer  residence  on  a  farm,  where  he  has 
25,000  fruit  trees. 

Lyman  Cook,  son  of  Jacob  Cook,  Esq.,  went  in  early  life 
to  Burlington,  Iowa,  where  he  still  resides,  having  accumu- 
lated a  large  fortune,  chiefly  in  the  banking  business 

Leonard  Bushnell,  son  of  Dea.  Leonard  Bushnell,  died  at 
New  Bedford,  Massachusetts,  1881,  one  of  two  equal  partners 
in  a  manufacturing  business,  employing  three  or  four  hundred 
hands,  sending  goods  all  over  the  United  States,  to  England, 
and  to  South  America. 

In  addition  to  those  already  mentioned,  the  following  have 
established  themselves  in  business  in  New  York :  Gilman 
W.  Prichard,  T.  B.  Bynner,  H.  L.  Case,  the  brothers  Horatio 
and  Franklin  Avery,  Adelman  C.  Rose,  and  the  Follett 
brothers. 

But  it  is  impossible  to  make  special  mention  of  all.  They 
are  found  in  the  professions  or  in  business,  in  Washington, 
Philadelphia,  New  York,  Boston,  Chicago,  San  Francisco ; 
in  Florida,  Texas,  Oregon,  Washington,  "  and  all  intermedi- 
ate points." 


OUR   INDUSTRIAL    ENTERPRISES.  273 


CHAPTER  XLIV. 

One  of  the  first  enterprises  within  the  colony  deserving 
mention  was  the  manufacture  of  wooden  dishes,  first  by 
Eleazer  Clemons,  1807,  at  the  place  where  afterward  stood 
Munson's  forge,  which  were  carried  as  far  as  Chillicothe 
for  sale.  Daniel  Baker,  Esq.,  about  181 1,  engaged  in  the 
same  business,  his  shop  being  on  Clear  Run,  about  a  hun- 
dred rods  from  Centerville.  Pewter  and  wooden  dishes  sup- 
plied the  place  of  queensware.  Wooden  plates,  nests  of 
dishes,  trenchers,  porringers,  bowls,  spoons  and  salt  mortars 
were  in  common  use,  and  answered  a  very  good  purpose. 
Wooden  scoop  shovels  were  also  made.  Perhaps  this  indus- 
try did  not  bring  a  large  amount  of  money  into  the  colony, 
but  it  supplied  a  necessity,  and  thus  kept  money  from  going 
abroad.  The  dishes  were  turned  upon  a  lathe,  the  motive 
power  being  water.  Afterward  Phineas  Pratt  continued  the 
manufacture  on  Burgh  Street,  and  still  others  pursued  the 
work,  using  a  lathe  sometimes  which  was  run  by  the  foot 
and  a  spring  pole. 

Mr.  Baker  also  made  ox  yokes,  plows,  chairs,  coffins,  and 
other  necessities. 

Simultaneously  with  Mr.  Baker's  work,  and  run  by  the 
same  power,  was  a  carding  machine,  put  up  by  Sylvester 
Phelps. 

In  1809,  William  Stedman  began  the  manufacture  of 
bricks.  J.  D.  and  C.  Messenger  followed  in  the  same  work, 
and  in  181 7,  George  Case  and  Joshua  Stark  engaged  more 
extensively  in  the  business. 

In  181 2,  a  carding  mill  was  attached  to  General  A.  Mun- 
son's saw  mill,  and  run  by  the  same  power. 

A  Mr.  Bursley  (?),  a  shoemaker  in  the  employ  of  Spencer 
Wright,  living  a  quarter  of  a  mile  east  of  town,  made  shoe 
pegs,  and  pegged  shoes.     They  were  the  first  ever  seen  here, 


274  CHAIRS  —  WHISKY. 

and  were  brought  up  to  town  and  put  on  exhibition.  There 
was  considerable  excitement  over  the  novelty  at  first,  but  it 
was  pronounced  a  humbug;  the  mistaken  verdict  of  the 
people  being,  as  in  many  another  similar  case,  against  a  real 
improvement. 

At  a  very  early  day,  Harry  Riggor  made  a  very  creditable 
Windsor  chair.  It  was  light,  strong,  easy  and  durable.  The 
colony  was  early  supplied  with  them  as  far  as  they  were  able 
to  buy  them.  He  worked  on  the  south  side  of  Broad  Street, 
midway  between  Mulberry  and  Case. 

Whisky  was  made  from  a  very  early  day.  There  were 
about  as  many  distilleries  as  school  districts,  most  of  the 
time.  The  first  to  be  established  was  just  over  the  hill  west 
of  town,  where  a  cool  spring  issues  from  the  ridge  on  the 
north.  The  proprietors  were  Judge  Rose,  Deacon  Winchel 
and  Major  Case.  The  ston£  walls  of  the  building  were  after- 
ward utilized  for  the  foundry  of  Sheldon  Swan.  This  was 
started  in  1811.  The  same  year,  or  early  in  1812,  Jacob 
Goodrich  built  the  one  where  the  explosion  took  place,  half  a 
mile  north  of  town.  Another  was  also  located  about  as  far  east 
of  town  and  run  by  Major  Case.  There  was  another  half  a 
mile  further  east,  run  by  Captain  Joseph  Fassett.  Near  the 
eastern  limits  of  the  township,  on  the  farm  of  Deacon  Hayes, 
was  a  distillery  where  his  son  Lorin  made  peach  brandy. 
On  lower  Loudon  Street,  a  mile  and  a  half  from  town,  was 
another  distillery,  run  by  Jasper  Munson  at  one  time  ;  another 
on  the  Columbus  road,  on  the  Simeon  Allyn  farm ;  another 
further  west  on  the  Bean  farm ;  another  southeast  of  town, 
owned  by  Samuel  Chadwick.  About  1830  the  temperance 
reformation  cut  the  demand  below  the  supply,  and  the  price 
fell  from  one  dollar  a  gallon  to  twelve  and  a  half  cents.  Large 
quantities  were  shipped  by  the  canal  at  that  price  as  soon  as 
it  opened. 

In  addition  to  the  distillery,  Mr.  Chadwick  had  a  grain 
mill,  run  by  horse-power,  for  grinding  corn  and  rye  for  the 
distillery.     He  also  accommodated  the  neighbors  by  grind- 


POTASfr  —  TANNERIES.  275 

ing  their  corn,  rye  and  buckwheat.  He  had  also  a  tanyard, 
cooper  shop  and  grocery.  He  used  to  buy  hogs,  fatten  them 
from  the  distillery  refuse,  and  drive  them  to  Cleveland  to  be 
shipped  to  Montreal ;  driving  two  teams  to  help  along  any 
lagging  hogs.  Exchanging  his  pork  for  groceries,  he  re- 
loaded his  wagons,  making  a  double  profit  by  his  trip.  He 
died  in  1817,'and  the  distillery  was  burned  soon  after  and 
never  rebuilt.  The  cooper  shop  was  converted  to  a  school 
house,  having  windows  of  oiled  paper. 

One  of  the  next  important  industries  was  the  making  of 
potash  by  Mr.  Edward  Nichol.  His  factory  was  just  west 
of  town,  where  the  water  of  the  cold  spring  crosses  the  road. 
This  water  was  carried  over  the  heads  of  travelers  in  troughs 
and  fed  his  leaches.  He  boiled  the  lye  to  black  salts,  melted 
the  salts  to  potash  in  a  great  iron  caldron,  or  pearled  them  in 
a  reverberatory  furnace.  These  products  were  shipped  to 
Zanesville  and  exchanged  for  glass  which  supplied  the  build- 
ing necessities  of  the  colony. 

In  1817,  two  tanneries  were  in  operation.  Previous  to 
this  an  attempt  had  been  made  by  Mr.  Enoch  Graves  to  make 
leather  by  using  beach  bark  and  other  common-place  mate- 
rials. It  made  a  crude  sort  of  hard,  unpliable  leather,  used 
to  some  extent  for  moccasins.  This  tannery  was  at  the 
northeast  corner  of  Rose  and  Broad  Streets.  About  the 
time  spoken  of,  George  Dunnavan  established  a  tannery  near 
the  town  spring,  which  was  run  for  several  years  successfully. 
The  other  was  established  by  Spencer  Wright,  Esq.,  near 
Clear  Run,  on  Centerville  Street,  and  it  has  continued  in 
operation  ever  since.  About  1845-50,  Mr.  E.  C.  Wright, 
who  then  owned  the  tannery,  took  yearly,  large  quantities  of 
choice  leather  to  the  Boston  market,  where  it  brought  a  good 
price  in  competition  with  the  rapidly-tanned  leather  of  the 
East. 

One  of  the  earliest  undertakings,  and  at  the  same  time 
one  that  contributed  as  much  as  any  one  thing  toward  giving 
the  people  profitable  employment,  meeting  their  every  day 


276 


FURNACE. 


wants,  and  bringing  money  and  trade  into  the  place  from 
abroad,  was  the  Granville  Furnace.  The  enterprise  was  first 
conceived  by  Hon.  Jeremiah  R.  Munson.  His  attention  was 
called  to  signs  of  iron  in  the  beds  of  the  streams.  He  took 
samples  of  the  material  he  found  to  Dillon's  Furnace,  near 
Zanesville,  where  it  was  pronounced  good  ore.  He  also 
found  large  quantities  of  limestones  in  the  creek  beds,  lime 
being  needed  in  the  smelting  process,  and  thus  encouraged, 
he  planned  the  furnace.  He  was  aided  financially  by  his 
brother,  General  Augustine  Munson.  The  furnace  was  built 
in  1816.     The  first  experiments  were  rather  costly.     The  ore 


in  the  vicinity  gave  out,  and  it  was  not  a  financial  success. 
General  Munson  took  charge  of  it,  and  managed  out  of  it  to 
pay  the  interest  on  the  indebtedness,  but  the  debt  itself  had 
eventually  to  be  paid  out  of  other  resources.  It  passed  for  a 
short  time  into  the  management  of  a  Mr.  Pardon  Sprague, 
who  also  failed  to  make  it  remunerative. 

From  1822-24,  Messrs.  Anthony  P.  Prichard  and  William 
Wing  had  control  of  it,  but  a  particularly  unpropitious  season 
of  drouth  made  them  unsuccessful  In  1824,  Col.  Lucius 
D.  Mower  became  its  moving  spirit.     Soon,  also,  Elias  Fas- 


FORGE  —  NAILS.  277 

sett  had  an  interest  in  it,  .a  store  and  the  furnace  being 
run  by  the  same  parties.  In  1828,  Periander  W.  Taylor 
was  connected  with  it;  and,  in  1830,  Simeon  Reed.  By  this 
time,  Col.  Mower  was  with  A.  P.  Prichaid,  and  the  furnace 
company  was  Taylor,  Cook  &  Co.  [J.  Riley  Cook],  while 
Avery  &  Fassett  were  in  the  store.  In  1834,  Taylor,  Cook 
&  Co.  were  in  the  furnace,  and  Reed,  Jewett  &  Co.  [David 
D.  Jewett]  in  the  store.  In  1837,  Avery  &  Fassett  again  took 
the  furnace.  Avery  sold  to  Fassett,  and  in  1838,  it  ceased  to 
be  operated.  Stoves,  hollow  ware,  and  many  utensils  for 
household  convenience  were  cast,  and  sold  from  the  lakes  to 
the  Ohio  River.  To  this  day  the  old-fashioned  ten  plate 
stoves  are  seen  here  and  there  in  school-houses  and  country 
churches,  with  the  name  Granville  Furnace  proclaiming 
their  origin.  The  old  building  was  afterward  utilized  as  a 
foundry,  and  was  run  successfully  by  Messrs.  Knowles 
Linnel  and  William  demons. 

In  1817,  General  A.  Munson  continued  his  experiments  in 
making  iron  by  erecting  a  forge  near  his  saw  mill,  using  the 
same  power  to  work  his  trip  hammer.  This  also  did  a  very 
good  thing  for  the  new  country.  He  made  a  passable  quality 
of  bar  iron,  and  many  articles  of  convenience. 

A  grist  mill  was  erected  at  the  same  time  with  the  forge. 
This  was  sold  by  Mr.  Munson  to  Sylvester  Spelman  and 
Col.  L.  D.  Mower.  The  forge  was  in  operation  as  late  as  the 
canal  contracts,  but  soon  after  ceased.  The  dam  was  washed 
out,  and  the  flouring  mill  was  run  by  water  from  the  feeder. 
Steam  was  put  in,  in  1838,  and  the  whole  was  burned  in  1840. 

Wrought  nails  were  an  article  of  commerce  in  those  days, 
and  were  made  by  the  blacksmiths  at  leisure  moments,  and 
sold  for  one  dollar  a  hundred  by  count. 

Another  flouring  mill  was  started  about  1816,  just  east  of 
town  (where  one  still  stands),  run  by  water  from  Clear  Run, 
and  built  by  Major  Grove  Case  and  Deacon  Silas  Winchel. 

In  1821,  Col.  Chauncey  Humphrey  bored  for  salt  in  the 
valley,  which  ran  through  his  farm,  about  half  a  mile  south 


278  SALT  —  DAIRY  —  LINSEED   OIL. 

of  the  Columbus  bridge.  He  found  salt  water,  built  an  arch, 
where  he  set  thirty  caldrons  for  boiling.  His  reservoirs  were 
large  ash  logs,  thirty  feet  long,  dug  into  troughs,  and  holding 
each  thirty  to  fifty  barrels.  He  turned  out  salt  at  the  rate  of 
two  bushels  a  day,  but  at  such  a  cost  of  production  that  he 
had  to  abandon  it,  even  at  the  high  price  of  salt  at  that  day. 

About  the  same  time  was  formed  "  The  Licking  Saline 
Company,"  the  members  of  which,  Samuel  Mower,  Sylvester 
Lyman,  Charles  Sawyer,  Leicester  Case,  Matthew  Adams, 
Jr.,  and  Gaylord  Adams,  were  of  this  township,  though  the 
scene  of  their  operations  was  in  St.  Albans.  Their  enter- 
prise was  not  a  success. 

Mr.  Humphrey  next  turned  his  attention  to  dairy  business, 
keeping  twenty  to  thirty  cows,  and  having  probably  the  first 
systematic  dairy  in  Granville.     In  this  he  had  good  success. 

From  1827  t0  1830,  he  gave  his  attention  to  raising  the 
castor  bean  and  manufacturing  the  oil.  He  erected  a  cabin 
mill  and  put  up  machinery.  Others  joined  to  help  the  enter- 
prise by  raising  the  beans.  One  year  he  made  seventeen 
barrels  of  oil.  The  oil  was  bottled  and  stored  in  the  little 
brick  shop  built  by  David  Messenger. 

A  little  previous  to  this  (1820)  an  experiment  was  made 
where  the  Welsh  Hills  road  crosses  Clear  Run,  by  Captain 
Joseph  Fassett,  to  make  linseed  oil.  It  was  a  success  as  to 
the  manufacturing,  but  the  demand  for  the  oil  was  not  such 
as  to  make  a  profitable  business.  The  power  for  pressing 
was  that  of  a  vertical  wedge,  driven  by  a  falling  beam,  the 
beam  being  lifted  four  or  five  feet  by  horse  power. 

While  this  factory  was  being  built,  Deacon  Amasa  Howe 
was  laying  out  the  framing  work,  while  his  son,  Ephraim, 
was  scoring  a  log  near  by.  Reaching  out  to  pick  up  a  tool 
the  deacon  received  the  descending  axe,  which  his  son  was 
using,  upon  his  head.  It  struck  almost  through  the  bone  of 
the  skull,  and  thus  the  son  unwittingly  came  near  taking  the 
life  of  his  father. 

Following  this  enterprise,  the  same  mill  was  used  in  an 


WOOLEN  FACTORIES.  279 

experiment  for  making  hickorynut  oil ;  to  be  used  in  place 
of  the  imported  olive  oil.  But  it  stopped  short  of  financial 
success. 

The  water  power  was  afterwards  used  for  the  manufacture 
of  rakes,  cradles,  axe  handles  and  similar  work. 

Wool  carding,  weaving,  fulling  and  cloth-dressing  early 
became  a  prominent  industry,  inasmuch  as  the  people  were 
dependent  upon  home  made  materials  for  their  clothing. 
The  weaving  was  at  first  by  hand  looms,  and  afterward  by 
machinery  carried  by  water.  John  Jones  built  a  woolen  fac- 
tory near  the  stone  school  house  on  the  Welsh  Hills,  about 
1823.  He  died  in  June,  1824.  His  son  Richard  run  the 
machinery  for  a  time  after  the  father's  death.  By  this  time 
also  William  Paige's  factory  was  in  operation,  Mr.  L.  G. 
Thrall  being  associated  with  him.  Grove  Case  had  a  carding 
machine  in  connection  with  his  flouring  mill,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  son,  Norton.  About  1825,  L,inus  G.  Thrall  and 
G.  P.  Bancroft  were  associated  in  carding  business  on  the 
Welsh  Hills.     Mr.  James  Mead  succeeded  Mr.  Thrall. 

Messrs  Nathaniel  Paige,  Elias  Gilman  and  Silas  Winchel 
had  a  fulling  and  cloth-dressing  factory,  about  18 17,  on  Salt 
Run,  the  little  brook  that  courses  through  the  valley  where 
C.  Humphrey  made  salt.  These  mills  drew  custom  from  the 
country  for  twenty-five  miles  around. 

About  1825,  Horace  Wolcott,  Sen.,  had  a  spinning  jenny 
in  the  chamber  of  the  brick  house  now  occupied  by  Rev.  D. 
B.  Hervey,  half  a  mile  east  of  town. 

From  1820  to  1825,  Mr.  Josiah  Taylor  and  his  son,  Peri- 
ander  W.  Taylor,  did  considerable  business  in  dressed  stone, 
the  blocks  being  taken  from  the  quarries  north  of  town. 
Previous  to  this  they  had  done  a  small  business  in  the  same 
line  on  Centerville  Street,  living  near  the  township  line. 
Their  chief  work  was  in  tombstones,  with  which  they  sup- 
plied the  country  for  miles  around.  The  stones  were  shaped 
and  dressed  at  the  shop,  the  lettering  being  done  when  a  sale 
was  effected  as  they  went  from  place  to  place.     The  material 


280  TOMBSTONES. 

was  not  as  durable  as  marble,  but  some  beautiful  monuments 
were  made  from  it.  It  admitted  of  ornamental  work,  with 
which  black  and  gilt  letters  were  sometimes  combined. 
Subsequently  Rev.  Thomas  Hughes  continued  the  business 
with  improved  workmanship.  He  also  first  introduced  the 
use  of  marble  about  1838. 

"  For  many  years  the  stone  quarried  from  Prospect  Hill  was 
used  for  grave  stones.  Among  the  citizens  who  used  to  cut 
this  stone,  besides  Mr.  Hughes  &  Mr.  Taylor,  were  four  or 
five  of  the  Warden  boys,  Harvey  Bragg,  Simeon  Reed,  Guy 
and  Giles  Hobart,  and  Robert  Nichol.  Mr.  Samuel  Root,  Mr. 
George  Bragg,  and  J.  D.  White  worked  in  marble  after  it  was 
introduced  for  monuments.  Many  counties  besides  Licking 
were  supplied  with  these  stones  to  mark  the  resting  place  of 
their  dead.  Up  to  about  1845  this  stone  work  continued 
profitable." 

In  1822-27,  the  township  was  largely  engaged  in  raising 
tobacco,  and  a  small  amount  continued  to  be  manufactured 
for  many  years. 

Previous  to  1826,  Mr.  Knowles  Linnel  had  started  a  clock 
factory  in  St.  Albans.  He  induced  Mr.  Charles  French  to 
join  him  at  the  above  date,  and  Mr.  French  brought  with  him 
from  Vermont,  Mr.  William  H.  Brace.  This  factory  was 
soon  afterward  removed  to  Granville,  and  carried  on  by 
Messrs.  French,  Brace  &  Goldsbury.  They  made  the  old 
fashioned  open  kitchen  clock,  with  wooden  wheels,  thirty- 
nine  inch  pendulum,  and  dial  plate  a  foot  in  diameter. 
They  sold  at  first  for  $15.  The  factory  stood  on  the  west 
side  of  Prospect  Street,  a  few  doors  from  Broad.  They  had 
complete  machinery  for  making  all  parts  of  the  clock. 

11  Mr.  Joseph  Blanchard,  his  four  sons  &  his  son-in-law,  Allen 
Sinnet,  built  wagons,  ox-carts,  spinning  wheels,  chairs  &  plows, 
&  sold  them  in  many  adjoining  counties.  The  old  'bull  plow  ' 
had  a  wooden  mould  board  &  an  iron  share.  For  that  day  it 
was  a  good  plow." 

As  early  as  1819,  Messrs.  James  Langdon  and  David  Doud 
established  a  wooden  measure  factory,  selling  their  products 


HATS  —  TINWARE .  281 

over  a  large  scope  of  country.  They  made  drums,  and  did 
all  common  cooperage.  After  the  death  of  Mr.  Doud,  Mr. 
Langdon  continued  the  business  alone,  and  after  Mr. 
Langdon's  death,  a  Mr.  Lawrence  continued  it  for  some  years. 

As  early  as  1828,  hats  were  made  by  Mr.  Francis  Elliott, 
who  lived  at  the  corner  of  Main  and  Water  Streets,  near  the 
brick  academy,  his  shop  adjoining  the  house  on  the  east. 
He  had  as  many  as  half  a  dozen  hands  in  his  employ  at  one 
time,  and  made  quite  a  variety  of  hats.  Mr.  Harvey  Bragg 
also  engaged  in  the  same  business  for  a  time,  having  his  shop 
near  his  residence  by  the  town  spring.  Afterwards  the 
business  was  continued  at  the  old  stand  by  Mr.  J.  Wood. 

The  tinning  business  was  begun  by  Colonel  Chauncey 
Humphrey,  about  1822-24.  He  worked  up  the  tin  which  he 
brought  from  Canada  in  exchange  for  the  pork  of  the  Licking 
Exporting  Company  [see  Commercial  Enterprises].  He  had 
a  bench  for  a  time  in  the  little  brick  shop  put  up  by  David 
Messenger  ;  also  in  the  back  part  of  the  building  afterward 
finished  off  by  Granger  &  Wing  for  a  hotel,  at  the  corner  of 
Prospect  and  Broad  Streets.  In  1833,  he  erected  a  three 
story  frame  building  just  east  of  the  hotel,  the  largest  at  that 
time  in  the  township.  He  disposed  of  his  wares  from 
wagons  through  the  country,  his  sons  working  in  the  shop 
with  him.  In  1839,  he  removed  to  Columbus,  continuing 
the  business.     He  died  December  18, 1852,  aged  seventy-five. 

Mr.  Lewis  Jones,  who  had  worked  with  him,  purchased 
the  business  in  1844,  and  continued  it  until  a  year  before  his 
death,  February  23d,  1864,  at  the  age  of  forty-five.  In  1853, 
Lewis  received  to  partnership  his  brother,  George  T.  Jones, 
and  in  1855,  a  third  brother,  Evan  W.  Jones,  joined  the  firm, 
opening  a  branch  room  for  the  business  in  Newark.  In 
1863,  Lewis  withdrew,  and  the  other  brothers  continued  the 
business  at  the  two  stands,  purchasing  the  frame  building  in 
1865.  Hardware  has  been  added  to  the  business.  In  Gran- 
ville the  three-story  frame  has  given  place  to  a  similar  brick 
structure,  one  of  the  finest  business  blocks  in  Licking  County. 
28 


282  PLOWS  —  PLANES  —  FURNITURE  —  LARD  OIL. 

Previous  to  1831,  the  plow  in  common  use  had  a  wooden 
mould  board  and  a  wrought-iron  point.  The  latter  were 
made  by  Colonel  A.  Jewett,  Allen  Sinnet,  Hugh  Kelley  and 
others,  and  the  wooden  part  by  D.  Baker  and  by  the  Blanch- 
ards  on  North  Street,  two  miles  from  town.  In  that  year  a 
Mr.  Bunker  came  from  Delaware,  originally  from  Troy,  N». 
Y.,  and  located  on  Centerville  Street,  and  began  making  cast- 
iron  plows,  after  Wood's  patent,  at  the  forge  buildings. 
This  style  of  plow,  with  various  improvements,  continued  to 
be  made  at  the  foundries  of  demons  and  Linnel,  and  Shel- 
don Swan  until  a  very  recent  date. 

About  1836,  Deacon  G.  P.  Bancroft  turned  his  attention  to 
the  manufacture  of  joiner's  planes,  in  which  he  was  very 
successful,  having  two  or  three  journeymen  in  his  employ. 
He  also  associated  with  him,  Mr.  Ebenezer  Crawford  in  the 
manufacture  of  bedsteads,  under  a  new  patent,  which  were 
sold  largely  abroad.  He  also  manufactured  a  variety  of 
other  house  furniture,  running  a  planing  mill  and  other 
machinery.  He  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Edwin  C.  Blanchard, 
who  enlarged  the  business,  adding  other  machinery  and  a 
lumber  yard.  He  sold  out  to  Messrs.  J.  M.  Jones  &  Co., 
who  are  the  present  proprietors.  Mr.  George  Pratt  estab- 
lished a  furniture  factory  at  the  east  end  of  town  about  1868, 
putting  up  a  commodious  shop  and  a  good  variety  of  solid 
machinery.  Mr.  Pratt  died  in  1879,  and  is  succeeded  by  his 
three  sons,  who  display  extraordinary  mechanical  skill.  Both 
these  establishments  are  shipping  furniture  abroad. 

In  1831,  P.  W.  Taylor,  being  at  the  time  largely  interested 
in  the  furnace,  erected  near  it  a  steam  flouring  mill.  Alter 
the  completion  of  the  feeder,  it  was  removed  about  three- 
quarters  of  a  mile  to  the  southeast,  where  Phelps'  sawmill 
has  long  been,  and  was  run  by  water-power. 

About  1840,  the  diminishing  supply  of  whale  oil,  used  for 
lights,  began  to  force  the  search  for  some  substitute.  One 
result  was  lard  oi/y  obtained  by  the  cold  pressure  of  the  lard 


CORN-SUGAR  —  CHEESE  —  CHAIRS.  283 

of  commerce.  In  1822,  General  A.  Mnnson  erected  a  press  for 
this  purpose.  The  residuum  was  used  also  for  making  stearine 
candles.  The  discovery  of  petroleum  and  the  distillation  of 
coal  oil- put  an  end  to  this  about  1859. 

About  1842,  was  formed  a  company  for  making  sugar  out 
of  cornstalks,  in  which  were  General  A.  Munson,  J.  W. 
Houghton,  Esq.,  Captain  Joseph  Fassett,  E.  R.  Thrall,  Nor- 
ton Case,  A.  Aylsworth,  Henry  Taylor  and  A.  Miner.  The 
corn,  at  a  proper  stage,  was  topped  and  stripped,  and  after 
standing  to  ripen,  was  run  through  a  mill.  The  juice  was 
treated  with  chemicals,  boiled  down  and  allowed  to  crystal- 
ize.     The  sugar,  however,  was  not  salable. 

From  1833  to  1855,  and  particularly  through  the  decade 
1840-50,  the  cheese  factory  of  Elias  Fassett  was  in  very  suc- 
cessful operation  under  the  control  of  his  cousin,  Eliphalet 
Follett.  Although  located  a  little  way  in  Harrison  Town- 
ship, the  proprietor  and  agent  were  both  intimately  asso- 
ciated with  Granville.  There  were  generally  from  eighty  to 
a  hundred  cows  on  the  farm.  In  1845,  a  single  cheese, 
weighing  1000  pounds,  was  made  by  Mr.  Follett,  and  in 
1846,  three  several  cheeses,  weighing  each  about  500  pounds. 
The  factory  turned  out  about  275  pounds  daily. 

About  1835,  Mr.  Joseph  Jacobs  began  the  manufacture  of 
Windsor  chairs  in  great  variety,  with  rockers,  settees  and 
cradles.  He  built  a  factory  in  the  west  end  of  town,  but 
used  no  machinery  except  a  foot  lathe.  After  Mr.  Jacobs, 
Mr.  Langstaff  continued  the  business. 

Soon  after  this  a  Mr.  Williams  and  his  brother,  English- 
men, began  the  manufacture  of  brushes,  turning  out  some 
very  handsome  articles  and  in  great  variety.  The  enterprise 
did  not  survive  many  years. 

Mr.  Andrew  Merriman  came  to  town  in  1832.  For  about 
twenty  years  he  carried  on  the  manufacture  of  boots  and 
shoes,  sometimes  employing  as  many  as  twenty  hands  at 
once. 

Mr.  J.  R.  Spease  also  carried  on  a  candy  factory,  making 


284  ROPES  —  MUSTARD  —  SILK. 

sales  over  a  large  territory,  and  having  a  large  and  productive 
business. 

In  1835,  Mr.  Asahel  Griffin  took  possession  of  the  Paige 
factory  and  introduced  two  power  looms,  making  quite  a 
variety  of  both  satinets  and  full  cloths.  Having  run  it  for 
six  or  seven  years,  he  sold  to  Mr.  William  Shields,  of  New- 
ark, who  converted  it  to  a  yarn  factory.  Other  parties  held 
it  until  the  wool-carding  business  ceased  to  be  in  much  de- 
mand. The  power  at  this  time  is  used  to  turn  an  iron  lathe 
and  other  iron  works  ;  while  Mr.  Charles  W.  Gunn,  living  near 
by,  with  a  one-horse  power,  runs  the  only  carding  machine 
in  the  township. 

At  the  foot  of  the  hill  on  Lancaster  road,  Mr.  Jonathan 
Wilson  had  a  rope  walk  which  supplied  the  country  around 
with  his  manufactures. 

Mr.  Joshua  Linnel  for  many  years  had  a  mustard  factory, 
purchasing  the  seed  in  market  and  grinding  it  by  the  power 
at  Griffin's  factory.     His  product  found  sale  over  all  the  State. 

The  morus  multicaulis  and  silk  business  found  several  to 
try  their  hand  in  its  culture  about  1838.  There  were  some 
who  one  day  were  worth  thousands  of  dollars  in  mulberry 
trees  and  silk  worms,  who  the  next  day  had  nothing  to  do 
and  nothing  that  would  sell.  Whole  acres  were  occupied 
with  the  growing  trees,  well  cultivated  and  thrifty,  and  the 
silk  worms  were  luxuriating  on  the  leaves  in  tlie  cocoon- 
eries. But  when  the  lever  of  speculation  broke,  the  propri- 
etors were  helpless  on  their  backs. 

The  manufacture  of  beet  sugar  was  begun,  but  the  sugar 
tasted  beety,  and  the  people  would  not  buy  it. 

Hair  mattresses,  glue,  shoe  blacking,  cut  shingles,  and 
various  similar  enterprises,  scarcely  survived  the  first  open- 
ing of  the  eyes  upon  daylight. 

Sorghum  syrup  was  made  with  good  success  during  the 
war  and  to  some  extent  ever  since. 

Brooms,  wagons,  carriages,  etc.,  have  been  made  to  consid- 
erable extent. 


OUR  COMMERCIAL   ENTERPRISES.  285 


CHAPTER  XLV. 

I.     Banking. 

Immediately  after  the  close  of  the  war  of  1812-15,  the 
Granville  Alexandrian  Society,  acting  under  their  very  ac- 
commodating charter  granted  in  1807  for  library  purposes, 
established  a  bank.  Certificates  of  stock,  aside  from  those 
of  the  library  department,  were  issued ;  also,  bills  for  cir- 
culation, and  the  business  seems  to  have  been  managed  by  a 
distinct  Board  of  Directors.  The  first  year  it  was  accommo- 
dated in  the  east  front  room  of  Major  Grove  Case's  brick 
building,  corner  of  Green  and  Broad  Streets.  The  first  entry 
upon  their  bill  books  was  the  account  of  a  note  for  $1000, 
given  by  S.  H.  Smith,  indorsed  by  William  Stanberry,  at 
sixty  days,  discounted  for  $10.67. 

It  speaks  well  for  the  honesty  of  those  times  that  the  locks 
guarding  the  treasures  of  that  bank  were  very  poor;  the 
window  shutters  were  only  wood ;  and  a  boy  with  an  indus- 
trious jack-knife  could  have  effected  an  entrance  in  ten 
minutes.  No  one  ever  slept  in  that  part  of  the  house.  Yet 
there  were  deposited  large  amounts  of  bank  bills  as  good  as 
any  bank  bills  of  the  day  ;  and  under  the  counter  where  the 
toes  kicked  against  them  lay  bags  of  coin,  and  nobody  ever 
molested  them.  Silver  being  scarce,  the  bank  issued  frac- 
tional currency  of  the  denominations  of  fifty  and  twenty-five 
cents. 

The  next  year,  1816,  they  finished  and  occupied  the  stone 
house  on  the  south  side  of  Broad  Street,  and  just  east  of  the 
square,  where,  at  two  different  times,  the  bank  flourished 
under  the  above  charter  and  failed.  Alexander  Holmes  was 
the  first  president  and  R.  R.  Roach  cashier.  Afterward  G. 
Swan  was  cashier,  and  he  again  was  succeeded  by  Elisha  S. 
Gilman.  The  bank  failed  to  redeem  its  notes  in  1817.  The 
last  entry  upon  the  bill  book  was  under  date  of  August  5th, 
1817.     [See  cut  in  "  Additional  Record."] 


286  A   SECOND   FAILURE. 

In  1836,  the  Bank  was  revived  under  the  same  charter. 
The  capital  was  furnished  chiefly  by  parties  in  Buffalo,  New 
York.  Henry  Roop  was  president  and  A.  G.  Hammond 
cashier.  It  occupied  the  same  stone  building  at  the  south- 
east corner  of  Broad  Street  and  the  public  square,  the  old 
iron  vault  being  still  in  position.  Mr.  Hammond  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Mr.  A.  J.  Smith.  On  the  20th  of  May,  1837,  the 
Bank  suspended  specie  payments,  acting  in  concert  with 
other  banks  in  Columbus,  Cincinnati,  Zanesville,  Chillicothe, 
Lancaster  and  Cleveland.  Mr.  Roop  resigned  the  presidency 
October  3d,  1837,  B.  Brice  being  vice  president.  It  is  said 
that  the  immediate  occasion  of  the  breaking  of  the  Bank  was 
the  loaning  of  $50,000  to  a  party  in  Western  New  York,  per- 
haps a  stockholder,  in  the  bank's  own  issue,  with  the  under- 
standing that  it  should  be  put  in  circulation  abroad,  to  come 
home  for  redemption  in  small  amounts.  But  the  party  fail- 
ing, the  money  went  into  possession  of  a  Buffalo  Bank,  and 
immediately  came  back  in  bulk,  the  original  packages  un- 
opened. The  last  recorded  meeting  of  the  Directors  was 
March  13th,  1838. 

After  the  failure,  Mr.  A.  J.  Smith,  who  was  Cashier  at  the 
time,  associated  with  John  H.  James,  Esq.,  of  Urbana,  Ohio, 
Mr.  Simeon  Reed  and  others  of  Granville,  opened  a  Bank  of 
discount  and  exchange  in  the  dwelling  house  on  the  south 
side  of  Broad  Street,  built  by  Col.  Lucius  D.  Mower,  in  1824. 
The  iron  vault  was  taken  from  its  position  in  the  old  stone 
building,  placed  adjoining  the  new  apartment,  and  enclosed 
in  solid  brick  walls  in  cubic  form.  They  did  a  large  business 
for  some  years.  Mr.  Smith  afterwards  removed  to  Newark, 
carrying  with  him  a  share  of  the  Granville  business.  There 
he  finally  failed  for  a  large  amount. 

In  1852,  Mr.  Simeon  Reed  with  his  son-in-law,  Mr.  Timo- 
thy A.  Smith,  continued  the  banking  business  in  the  same 
place.     Both  these  parties  died  in  the  fall  of  1855. 

Mr.  Wm.  S.  Wright,  acting  as  administrator  of  Mr.  Reed 
continued  the  business.     After  the  settlement  of  the  estate 


PRIVATE   BANKS  —  FIRST   NATIONAL  BANK.  287 

it  was  in  the  hands  of  Dea  E.  C.  Wright,  Hon.  Eliznr 
Abbott,  Mr.  Virgil  H.  Wright,  and  Mr.  Nelson  Sinnet.  This 
firm  continued  until  i860. 

At  that  time  Mr,  Henry  L.  Bancroft  and  his  brother,  Dr. 
W.  W.  Bancroft,  bought  the  interest  of  the  above  parties 
and  continued  the  business  in  the  same  place,  Mr.  H.  L. 
Bancroft  having  charge  of  the  office,  and  Mr.  Abbott  con- 
tinuing to  keep  the  books  for  them. 

This  firm  continued  until  the  First  National  Bank  was  es- 
tablished for  general  banking  purposes,  under  the  new  bank- 
ing system  in  1864,  commencing  business  in  June.  Mr.  H. 
L,.  Bancroft  then  became  president  of  the  new  bank,  and 
Mr.  E.  M.  Downer,  cashier.  The  capital  stock  of  this  bank 
was  only  $50,000,  but  the  deposits  were  of  considerable  value. 
Granville  bank  bills  once  more  began  to  circulate,  and  the 
business  prospered  until  the  stockholders  had  received  in 
dividends  more  than  twice  their  investments. 

In  1879,  from  various  causes,  the  business  of  the  bank  was 
curtailed,  and  the  stockholders  thought  best  voluntarily  to 
go  into  liquidation.  The  depositors  were  paid  off  dollar  for 
dollar  over  the  counter,  the  bonds  deposited  at  Washington 
were  redeemed  with  greenbacks,  the  business  of  the  bank 
was  closed,  and  the  bills  in  circulation  are  being  redeemed 
at  the  Comptroller's  office  in  Washington,  the  stockholders 
loosing  only  by  the  depreciation  of  their  stock  a  small  part 
of  the  dividends  they  had  received  in  former  years. 

Meantime  the  officers  of  the  bank,  Messrs.  Bancroft  and 
Downer,  doing  business  jointly,  had  met  with  heavy  losses 
in  their  operations,  and  were  obliged  to  suspend  payment. 
They,  however,  recovered  themselves  so  as  to  be  able  to 
meet  all  legal  claims  against  them,  making  payment  from  six 
to  twelve  and  fifteen  months  after  suspension,  and  paying 
both  principal  and  interest. 

At  the  closing  of  the  First  National  Bank,  Messrs.  Wright, 
Sinnet  &  Wright  formed  a  partnership  and  continued  the 


288  NEW   BANKS. 

business  of  exchange  and  discount  at  the  old  stand,  where 
they  are  still  operating. 

In  1880,  a  new  banking  company  was  formed  who  fitted 
up  a  new  room  three  doors  west  of  the  old  stand,  and  opened 
another  National  Bank,  with  Mr.  H.  L,.  Bancroft  as  president 
and  Mr.  E.  M.  Downer,  cashier,  the  officers  of  the  old  bank 
resuming  their  former  position.  As  a  peculiar  privilege  they 
were  allowed  to  take  the  name  of  the  old  bank,  viz :  "  The 
First  National  Bank  of  Granville,"  though  the  business  of 
the  two  banks  is  entirely  separate.  So  it  comes  about  that 
we  have  two  banks  in  successful  operation  as  we  close  our 
records  in  1880. 

II.   MERCANTILE  ENTERPRISE. 

Captain  William  Stedman  came  from  Marietta  about  1808, 
bringing  with  him  a  small  stock  of  goods,  which  he  opened  in 
the  southeast  room  of  Esquire  Gilman's  new  house  near  the 
town  spring.  Being  of  an  active  temperament,  preferring 
out-of-door  life,  and  being  a  practical  bricklayer,  he  did  not 
long  continue  to  sell  goods.  He  went  to  Newark  and  built 
the  first  jail  of  the  county,  and  in  1815  put  up  the  stone  bank 
in  Granville. 

Soon  after  Mr.  Stedman,  Messrs.  Pelton  &  Butler  brought 
to  the  place  a  wagon  load  of  goods,  which  they  sold  from 
house  to  house,  taking  hogs  in  payment;  they  being  about  the 
only  circulating  medium  that  could  be  conveniently  used. 
These  they  drove  to  Worthington,  where  they  were  slaugh- 
tered, and  shipped  down  the  Scioto,  their  ultimate  destina- 
tion being  New  Orleans. 

The  next  merchant  whose  name  is  preserved  was  Ralph 
Granger.  He  came  in  the  fall  of  181 2,  with  a  small  assort- 
ment of  goods  which  he  displayed  in  a  small  cabin  room, 
near  Mr.  Horace  Wolcott's,  east  of  town.  Selling  out  to 
advantage,  he  replenished  his  stock  and  came  to  town,  occu- 
pying a  small  room  about  where  Mr.  Parson's  store  now  is. 
He  continued  to  traffic,  having  at  different  times  his  brother 


EARLY   MERCHANTS.  289 

Lewis,  Alfred  Avery  and  Anthony  P.  Prichard  for  partners, 
and  sometimes  running  a  holelat  the  same  time. 

In  1 815,  Seth  Mead  and  Hiram  Boardman  had  a  store  in 
the  east  part  of  town. 

In  1816,  three  new  stores  were  opened.  Munson  &  Wol- 
cott  were  just  east  of  the  stone  bank.  Mr.  Chester  Griffin, 
son  of  Joab  Griffin,  and  brother  of  Apollos  Griffin,  opened 
a  store  on  the  north  side  of  Broad,  where  he  continued  to 
trade  until  his  death  in  October  of  the  following  year.  Hon. 
T.  M.  Thompson,  coming  from  Steubenville,  brought  a  small 
stock  of  goods  which  he  opened  at  the  corner  of  Broad  and 
Pearl  Streets,  A.  P.  Prichard  being  his  salesman.  He  soon 
removed  the  store  to  his  land  in  McKean  Township. 

In  1818,  O.  &  L.  Granger  were  selling  goods  in  the  east 
wing  of  the  frame  tavern  in  the  east  part  of  town. 

About  this  time  an  association  was  formed  among  the 
farmers,  called  the  Licking  Exporting  Company,  the  object 
of  which  was  to  open  the  way  for  disposing  of  their  pork  to 
better  advantage.  Elias  Fasset,  then  a  young  man,  was  em- 
ployed as  clerk;;  the  hogs  belonging  to  the  Company  were 
put  into  the  care  of  Colonel  Chauncy  Humphrey,  and  driven 
to  Sandusky.  There  they  were  slaughtered  during  the  win- 
ter, the  pork  packed  and  shipped  to  Montreal  and  sold,  net- 
ting the  Company  $1.25  a  hundred. 

Soon  after  the  death  of  Mr.  Chester  Griffin,  Colonel 
Lucius  D.  Mower  and  Mr.  Apollos  Griffin,  brother  of  Chester, 
having  been  together  through  the  southern  country  as  far 
as  to  New  Orleans,  trading  and  selling  goods,  returned  with  a 
stock  of  goods  and  opened  a  store.  Afterward  separating, 
each  had  a  store  :  Mr.  Mower  in  connection  with  the  furnace 
business,  in  which  he  bought  an  interest,  and  Mr.  Griffin  in 
company  with  a  Mr.  Humphrey.  Griffin  &  Humphrey  had 
the  building  near  the  stone  bank  building.  In  1819,  the  firm 
was  Griffin  &  Gilman,  Mr.  Humphrey  having  sold  his  inter- 
est to  Elisha  S.  Gilman,  just  before  cashier  of  the  bank.  Mr. 
Griffin,  on  account  of  ill  health,  did  not  long  remain  in  the 


290  EARLY   MERCHANTS. 

store.  Captain  Joseph  Fassett  had  an  interest  in  it  for  a 
short  time.  Eventually  the  stock  was  purchased  by  Colonel 
L.  D.  Mower.     Spelman  &  Avery  was  another  firm  in  1819. 

In  1820,  Mr.  Matthew  Adams  opened  a  store  just  west  of 
the  frame  tavern,  north  side  of  Broad  Street.  The  firm  at 
one  time  was  Adams  &  Case.  Mr.  Sereno  Wright  had  a 
small  stock  of  goods  in  the  northeast  room  of  his  dwelling, 
on  the  south  side  of  the  public  square,  and  Mr.  Charles 
Sawyer,  a  saddler,  also  began  trading  with  a  few  articles 
which  were  most  in  demand,  his  stand  being  on  the  south 
side  of  Broad  Street,  and  where  now  is  the  residence  of  Mr. 
E.  M.  Downer.  His  store  was  a  red  frame  building,  his 
saddler's  shop  being  above  the  store. 

In  October  and  November,  1822,  Colonel  L,.  D.  Mower  put 
up  the  brick  building  on  the  south  side  of  Broad  Street,  in 
which  now  is  Mr.  D.  French's  saddlery,  and  brought  on  a 
large  and  fine  stock  of  goods. 

In  1823,  Messrs.  Fitch  and  King  advertised  in  the 
Wanderer  a  fine  assortment  and  large  stock  of  goods. 
Granger  &  Prichard  also  constituted  a  firm  at  this  time. 

In  1825,  Mr.  A.  P.  Prichard  bought  a  fraction,  18x30  feet, 
off  the  northwest  corner  lot  at  the  intersection  of  Broad  and 
Prospect  Streets,  erected  a  small  one-story  building,  and 
commenced  selling  drugs.  He  was  a  practical  chemist  and 
kept  quite  a  laboratory.  This  building  was  the  theater  of 
considerable  business  until  1830,  when  it  was  removed  to 
the  rear  ot  the  Congregational  Church  and  became  a  dwelling. 

Messrs.  Ralph  Granger  and  William  Wing  having  pur- 
chased the  unfinished  building  of  Mr.  George  Case,  at  the 
east  corner  of  Broad  and  Prospect,  proceeded  to  finish  it,  and 
it  became  the  leading  hotel.  For  a  time  the  east  room  was 
used  by  Mr.  Elias  Fassett  for  merchandise,  (probably  the 
furnace  store).  When  the  room  was  wanted  for  hotel 
business,  the  store  was  removed  to  the  corner  of  Broad  and 
an  alley,  now  occupied  by  Carter  &  Carter,  and  was  for  many 
years  the  furnace  store. 


EARLY   MERCHANTS.  291 

In  1829,  Colonel  L.  D.  Mower  and  A.  P.  Prichard  formed 
a  partnership  and  did  a  good  business  at  the  Prichard  stand. 
The  next  year,  Colonel  Mower  having  added  by  purchase  to 
the  width  of  Mr.  Prichard's  lot,  put  up  the  two  story  brick 
building  which  still  stands.  When  Colonel  Mower  died,  his 
brother,  Horatio,  had  succeeded  him  in  the  partnership ;  and 
Horatio  dying,  the  third  brother,  Sherlock,  took  the  Mower 
interest,  and  was  in  the  store  as  long  as  he  lived  ;  being 
there  when  the  famous  burglary  of  1835  was  perpetrated. 

In  1830,  Mr.  Simeon  Reed,  who  had  before  lived  in  the 
place  and  removed  to  Johnstown,  returned,  and  at  once 
entered  upon  a  successful  business  career,  having  an  interest 
in  the  furnace  and  its  store ;  and  continued  a  prominent 
business  man  of  the  place  until  his  death  in  1855. 

Mr.  Hezekiah  Kilbourn  had  by  this  time  opened  a  store  in 
the  old  bank  building,  where  he  traded  for  several  years,  the 
firm  at  one  time  being  H.  &  A.  Kilbourn. 

In  1 83 1,  the  steam  flouring  mill  was  erected  near  the 
furnace  in  which  P.  W.  Taylor  had  one-half  interest,  Blias 
Fassett  one-fourth,  and  Alfred  Avery  one-iourth  ;  this  being 
probably  the  furnace  company  also ;  and  the  little  store  at 
the  corner  of  the  alley  and  Broad  became  known  as  "  the 
Steam  Mill  Store." 

In  1833,  the  steam  mill  was  removed  to  the  feeder,  where 
Phelps'  saw  mill  was,  and  water  power  was  used  instead  of 
steam.     Mr.  Justin  Hillyer,  Jr.,  had  an  interest  in  it. 

Messrs.  Frederick  Cook  &  Co.,  George  Abbott  and  his 
brothers,  Elmer  and  Elizur,  and  D.  &  S.  Wright  were  en- 
gaged in  general  merchandise  ;  the  latter  succeeding  to  their 
father's  business.  The  store  had  been  removed  some  time 
before  to  the  small  building  just  east  of  the  stone  bank 
building.  This  small  room  was  probably  put  up  by  Mr. 
Alfred  Avery  at  an  early  day,  and  soon  after  this  time  it  was 
removed  to  Fair  Street,  near  Sugar  Loaf,  and  did  service  as 
a  dwelling ;  and  in  its  place  Mr.  Wright  erected  the  two- 
story  building  which  still  stands  there,  used  as  a  bakery. 


292  EARLY   MERCHANTS. 

About  1834,  Walter  Thrall,  Esq.,  opened  a  store  in  the 
brick  building  erected  by  Colonel  Mower  in  1822,  now  Mr. 
D.  French's  saddlery. 

Mr.  Christopher  C.  Rose  had  long  been  running  a  small 
grocery  on  the  north  side  of  Broad  and  near  the  public 
square.  About  this  time  he  erected  a  two-story  frame  build- 
ing on  the  east  side  of  this  lot,  having  two  business  rooms  in 
front,  and  dwelling  apartments  in  the  rear.  In  an  upper 
room,  accessible  by  a  flight  of  stairs  on  the  outside,  the  u  in- 
fant school "  was  accommodated  at  one  time.  Mr.  Rose 
continued  his  grocery  in  the  west  room,  and  the  east  room 
was  successively  occupied  by  George  Abbott  &  Co.,  Mr. 
Hollister,  and  D.  &  D.  Humphrey,  and  others  hereafter 
mentioned,  all  in  general  merchandise.  This  building  still 
stands  in  /ocoy  accommodating  the  meat  shop  and  saloon  ; 
having  been  lowered,  however,  so  that  the  floor  instead  of 
three  or  four  steps  above,  is  now  nearly  level  with,  the  side- 
walk. 

At  one  time  previous  to  1844,  D.  Humphrey,  S.  Reed  and 
T.  A.  Smith  constituted  a  firm  under  the  style  of  "  T.  A. 
Smith  &  Co." 

Mr.  Darwin  Humphrey  afterward  bought  the  steam  mill 
corner  and  erected  a  fine  brick  store,  where  he  traded  for 
several  years,  having  as  partner  at  one  time  a  Mr.  Giddings. 
Avery  &  Taylor  were  in  partnership  at  this  time. 

It  is  said  that  Jake  Reily  had  a  decisive  influence  in  starting 
one  of  our  merchants  in  a  prominent  business  career.  Being 
out  together  on  one  of  Reily's  professional  tours,  the  companion 
won  a  large  stake  at  cards.     Jake  took  him  aside  and  said  to 

him.    "Now,  ,  you    go  right    home  and    settle    down    in 

business,  and  never  play  another  game  of  cards.  You  won't 
always  have  Jake  Reily  at  your  elbow."  The  young  man  took 
his  advice,  went  home,  abjured  cards,  and  at  once  began  a 
career  of  prosperity.  If  a  professional  gambler  would  speak 
thus  at  one  time,  why  not  at  all  times?  And  why  would  it  not 
have  been  good  policy  for  himself  also? 

Mower  &  Prichard  about  this  time  added  school  and  mis- 


NEW  SYSTEMS.  293 

cellaneous  books  to  their  stock,  S.  Mower  having  suc- 
ceeded L.  D.  Mower,  deceased.  The  steam  mill  store  firm 
was  Reed,  Jewett  &  Co.,  as  mentioned  in  another  chapter. 

In  1835,  Messrs.  Merriman  &  McBride  put  up  a  frame 
building  just  west  of  C.  C.  Rose's  grocery  on  the  corner,  Mr. 
Merriman  using  the  west  room  for  shoe  business,  and  Mr. 
McBride  the  east  for  a  saddlery.  This  now  stands  right  north 
of  the  Town  Hall,  being  used  as  a  dwelling. 

Two  warehouses  were  erected  on  the  banks  of  the  feeder 
about  this  time  ;  one  by  a  Mr.  Case  [Deaf  Case]  near  Griffin's 
factory ;  the  other  by  Wilson  &  Case  [Henry  Case],  at  the 
head  of  navigation  near  the  Lancaster  bridge.  The  latter 
was  afterward  removed  to  the  flat  fifty  rods  below  and  re- 
fitted by  Justin  Hillyer,  Jr.,  for  storing  wheat. 

In  1834,  Mr.  Ralph  PaAons  came  to  the  place  from  Suffield, 
Conn.,  and  opened  a  store  in  a  small  room  near  the  corner  of 
Broad  and  Mulberry.  This  lot  he  afterward  bought,  and 
erected  a  .large  store  building  and  the  dwelling  where  his 
family  still  reside.  He  did  much  to  introduce  a  new  system 
of  doing  business,  to  the  mutual  benefit  of  himself  and 
patrons.  The  credit  and  produce  system  had  made  due  bills 
and  orders  a  large  factor  in  the  circulating  medium.  Mr. 
Parsons  dealt  on  the  cash  system,  with  low  prices  and  small 
profits.  Since  the  opening  ot  the  canal,  produce  and  live 
stock  could  be  sold  for  cash,  which  made  the  new  system 
possible.  He  afterward  received  to  partnership  Mr.  Henry 
L.  Bancroft.  Finding  they  were  too  far  from  the  business 
center,  they  removed  to  an  eligible  stand  among  the  business 
houses  east  of  the  square.  They  then  bought  out  G.  Adams 
&  Co.  (Dr.  S.  Spelman),  who  were  trading  next  door  to 
them,  and  separated,  Mr.  Parsons  retaining  one  room,  and 
Mr.  Bancroft  the  other.  Mr.  Bancroft  received  to  partner- 
ship his  son-in-law,  W.  P.  Kerr,  and  son,  B.  R.  Bancroft.  In 
time,  this  firm  was  dissolved,  the  business  being  continued 
by  B.  R.  Bancroft,  the  father  becoming  interested  in  bank- 
ing, and  Mr.  Kerr  in  teaching.     In  1869,  Mr.  Parsons  erected 


294  LATER   MERCHANTS. 

a  fine  brick  building  for  his  store.  He  died  in  1874,  an(^  tne 
business  is  continued  by  his  son,  George  C.  Parsons.  For 
several  years  past  Mr.  B.  R.  Bancroft  has  resided  in  Ana- 
heim, California. 

Jn  1838,  Mr.  Alfred  Avery,  as  the  administrator  of  the 
Mower  estates,  succeeded  to  the  partnership  with  A.  P. 
Prichard.  Mr.  Prichard  afterward  bought  the  entire  busi- 
ness, and  finally  limited  his  trade  to  drugs,  having  also  the 
care  of  the  telegraph  office.  At  his  death,  his  sons,  Anthony 
P.  and  William,  succeeded  to  the  business,  and  then  An- 
thony bought  the  entire  interest.  In  1873,  he  sold  to  Messrs. 
Bryant  &  Black,  the  latter  having  charge  of  the  telegraph 
office.  In  1880,  Mr.  Bryant  retains  the  drug  interest,  while 
Mr.  Black  has  the  telegraph  office,  with  depot  and  express 
business,  at  the  Granville  station  of  the  Ohio  Central  R.  R. 

In  1839,  Jarvis  Case  opened  a  store  at  the  Case  homestead, 
corner  of  Broad  and  Green  Streets. 

Not  far  from  1840,  Mr.  Henry  D.  Wright  succeeded  his 
brothers,  D.  &  S.  Wright ;  and  he  again  was  followed  by  his 
nephew,  Moseley  Wright,  son  of  Sereno.  In  1853,  the  stand 
was  used  by  the  co-operative  store.  Mr.  William  S.  Wright 
purchased  the  stock  in  1857.  A  year  or  two  later  he  built 
the  large  brick  store  building  on  the  east  side  of  the  Public 
Square  and  north  of  Broad,  and  occupied  it  under  the  firm, 
William  S.  Wright  and  Sons.  In  1861,  this  firm  sold  to 
Follett  &  Wright  (Austin  W.  Follett  and  William  Wright). 
William  Wright  then  sold  his  interest  to  George  Follett,  and 
Follett  Bros,  was  the  firm.  The  succession  at  this  stand  has 
been  since  :  Dilley,  Park  &  Co. ;  Dilley  &  Goodrich  ;  George 
Goodrich;  Goodrich  &  Craig,  and  R.  F.  Craig,  who  is  the 
present  occupant. 

In  1842,  Reed  &  Adams  were  in  partnership,  and  A.  P. 
Prichard  had  received  to  partnership  his  son,  Gilman,  the 
firm  being  Prichard  &  Son. 

In  1850,  H.  R.  Green  entered  into  partnership  with  Darwin 
Humphrey  at  the  old  steam-mill  stand,  which  partnership 


LATER   MERCHANTS.  295 

continued  eighteen  months.  In  the  spring  of  1854,  he 
bought  the  stock  of  I.  Smithy  man  &  Co.,  who  were  trading 
in  the  east  room  of  the  C.  C.  Rose  building,  which  building 
had  come  into  possession  of  J.  R.  Spease.  In  1857,  Mr. 
Green  added  fifty  feet  to  his  own  building,  standing  between 
the  two  former  locations  just  named,  making  a  salesroom 
16x70,  and  moved  the  stock  into  it.  In  the  fall  of  1858,  the 
business  was  transferred  to  his  son,  H.  B.  Green.  In  1871, 
the  building  was  refitted,  making  a  salesroom  32  feet  front 
and  55  feet  deep,  with  two  large  show  windows.  Here  Mr. 
Green  continues  still  to  deal  in  dry  goods,  ready-made 
clothing,  etc. 

In  1837,  Mr.  G.  B.  Johnson  came  to  the  place,  and  soon 
afterward,  Mr.  James  Fosdick.  After  a  season  of  clerkship 
in  the  store  of  Avery  &  Fassett,  these  two  young  men  were 
both  received  to  partnership.  Ere  long  the  business  was 
chiefly  entrusted  to  the  junior  members  of  the  firm,  the 
senior  partners  giving  their  attention  largely  to  outside  busi- 
ness. Mr.  Fassett  removed  to  Cleveland,  and  thence  to  New 
York  City,  where  he  engaged  in  brokerage.  Mr.  Avery  also 
went  to  New  York  and  engaged  in  wholesale  dry  goods  busi- 
ness. At  one  time  the  firm  consisted  of  Alfred  Avery,  Dr.  S. 
Spelman,  G.  B.  Johnson  and  James  Fosdick,  under  the  style, 
"Spelman,  Johnson  &  Co."  At  another  it  was  J.  Hillyer,  Jr., 
E.  Fassett,  A.  Avery,  G.  B.  Johnson  and  J  Fosdick, 
under  the  style  of  "  Fassett  &  Co."  Mr.  Jeremiah  Munson 
was  in  the  firm  for  a  time  about  1847. 

In  1847,  Munson  C.  Hillyer  was  engaged  in  merchandis- 
ing in  the  east  room  of  the  C.  C.  Rose  building.  Messrs. 
Isaac  Smithyman  and  Thomas  Woods  had  the  grocery  in  the 
west  room.  The  same  gentlemen  with  Mr.  George  Ingra- 
ham  and  others  had  a  joint  stock  business  in  the  east  room, 
to  which  Mr.  Hillyer  succeeded  by  purchase.  He  then 
bought  out  the  grocery,  also,  and  removed  the  intervening 
partition,  making  his  store  room  more  commodious.  There 
he  continued  to  trade  until  he  went  to  California  in  1851. 


296  PRESENT  MERCHANTS. 

While  George  B.  Whiting  was  in  the  postoffice,  he  began 
to  deal  in  school  books,  wall  paper,  stationery,  miscellaneous 
books,  pictures,  music,  a  circulating  library,  adding  one 
feature  after  another,  until  now  Granville  can  boast  a  very 
fine  book  store. 

In  like  manner,  the  grocery  business  has  grown  from  ordi- 
nary beginnings  until  we  have  some  of  the  finest  stocks 
in  the  county. 

Thomas  Jones  has  a  little  shop  with  a  steam  engine,  chem- 
icals, and  a  good  stock  of  ingenuity,  with  which  he  serves 
the  people  in  silver  plating,  repairing  sewing  machines, 
clocks,  guns,  etc. 

The  DeBow  brothers  are  doing  very  creditable  work  in  the 
line  of  tombstones  and  monuments,  using  marble,  granite, 
and  other  materials. 

In  187 1,  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Ohio,  there  was 
formed  in  Granville,  most  of  the  stockholders  being  citizens 
of  the  place,  a  company  called,  "  The  Sunday  Creek  Coal  and 
Iron  Mining  and  Transportation  Company,"  with  a  nominal 
capital  of  $500,000,  for  the  purpose  of  smelting  iron,  mining 
and  selling  coal.  They  bought  a  furnace  near  Toledo,  Ohio, 
with  a  large  tract  of  woodland  ;  also,  a  tract  in  the  coal  fields 
of  Perry  county,  Ohio.     Their  operations  were  a  failure. 

About  the  same  time,  another  coal  land  speculation  in- 
volved many  citizens  of  Granville,  drawing  away  a  large 
amount  of  capital  from  the  place,  and  it,  too,  proved  a  failure. 

These,  with  other  unsuccessful  transactions,  are  estimated 
to  have  withdrawn  from  the  township  within  the  past  ten 
years,  about  one  hundred  thousand  dollars. 


THE  ANTI-SLAVERY  EXCITEMENT.  297 


CHAPTER  XLVI. 

The  beginning  of  anti-slavery  meetings  in  the  township 
was  in  1834.  Most  of  the  people  at  that  time  were  coloniza- 
tionists  in  sentiment.  A  Mr.  Hawley,  from  Western  Reserve 
College,  lectured  in  the  Congregational  Church  against  col- 
onization as  a  means  of  doing  away  slavery ;  making  quite 
a  sensation.  "  Audible  murmurings  were  heard  throughout 
the  church."  Colonization  meetings  followed,  with  the  adop- 
tion of  a  long  series  of  resolutions,  signed  by  many  of  the 
leading  citizens. 

The  next  lecturer  was  Theodore  D.  Weld,  "  one  of  the  best 
platform  speakers  in  the  United  States.  With  all  the  graces 
of  oratory  he  had  a  masterly  command  of  logic."  He  had 
been  an  agent  of  the  American  Colonization  Society  in  Ala- 
bama, and  an  inmate  of  Judge  Birney's  family.  He  was  one 
of  the  band  of  forty-two  young  men  who,  influenced  by  the 
reputation  of  Dr.  Beecher,  had  gathered  at  Lane  Seminary 
to  study  for  the  ministry.  Not  satisfied  with  the  position 
taken  by  the  Institution  on  the  anti-slavery  question  they 
had  left  in  a  body.  Coming  from  Columbus  by  stage,  in 
crossing  an  unbridged  stream  swollen  by  rain,  the  horses, 
stage,  and  passengers  were  all  swept  down  by  the  current. 
Mr.  Weld  narrowly  escaped  drowning.  He  lost  consciousness 
but  was  resuscitated.  Arriving  at  Granville,  Friday,  April  3, 
1835,  he  lectured  in  the  conference  room  of  the  Congrega- 
tional Society.  A  mob  gathered  and  pelted  him  through  the 
windows  with  eggs  ;  the  audience,  even  to  the  ladies,  sharing 
in  the  honors  of  his  reception  to  the  extent  that  some  were  all 
next  day  restoring  their  soiled  clothing. 

The  conference  room,  and  every  other  public  building  was 

thereafter  closed  against  him.     Those  having  charge  of  them 

would  not  risk  the  threatened  damage.      Deacon  Leonard 

Bushnell  had  a  dwelling  house  enclosed  at  this  time  except 

29 


298 

doors  and  windows,  and  partitions  incomplete.  It  was  not  in 
condition  to  be  greatly  damaged  by  eggs.  It  was  so  arranged 
that  Mr.  Weld  by  standing  at  an  upper  window  could  make 
himself  heard  through  the  house  where  the  ladies  were 
seated  on  planks,  and  through  the  grounds,  where  the  gen- 
tlemen chiefly  gathered.  Many  came  from  adjoining  towns 
to  hear  him.  This  was  his  second  meeting.  It  was  largely 
attended  by  young  ladies  from  both  the  schools,  and  by 
citizens  generally. 

On  this  occasion,  one  of  the  Whiteheads  of  Jersey  —  a 
family  of  giant  frame  and  strength  —  being  on  the  outskirts 
of  the  crowd,  heard  a  man  muttering  vengeance  on  the 
speaker  and  others.  Stepping  quietly  up  to  him  with  one 
hand  in  his  pocket,  he  grasped  him  under  the  other  arm, 
lifted  him  over  the  picket  fence,  and  set  him  down  in  the 
street,  saying,  "  There,  my  little  man,  keep  quiet!  We  do 
not  allow  such  language  in  the  yard.  Do  not  make  any 
noise. "  Having  felt  the  power  of  Whitehead's  arm,  and 
seeing,  plenty  of  others  as  quietly  determined  as  he  was,  the 
.  man  and  those  with  him  made  no  further  disturbance. 

The  third  meeting  was  held  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Ashley 
A.  Bancroft,  half  a  mile  north  of  town.  The  town  authori- 
ties had  begun  to  move,  opposing  any  further  anti-slavery 
meetings  within  the  corporation  limits  as  endangering  the 
peace  of  the  village.  Dr.  Lewis  Barnes,  of  Delaware,  who 
was  present  on  that  occasion,  writes  as  follows :  u  No  mob 
was  there ;  but  as  we  came  into  town  after  the  lecture,  we 
found   a   hideous   group  of  ruffians  encumbering   the   side 

walk.     A  man  by  the  name  of  S appeared  to.be  their 

leader.      S had  been  to  the  lecture  with  two  or  three 

younger  men,  where  he  drew  a  pistol  with  threats.  But  dar- 
ing nothing  further  at  that  time,  he  withdrew  and  returned 
to  town.  After  the  adjournment,  as  the  convention  men 
came  by,  his  evil  eye  was  fixed  upon  Sam  White,  for  whom 
he  made  a  rush.  But  Sam  turned  upon  him  so  impetuously 
that  his  ardor  began  to  abate,  and  we  also  bore  our  belliger- 


OHIO    STATE   ANTI-SLAVERY   CONVENTION.  299 

ant  friend  away  from  the  spot,  and  thus  the  conflict  was  sus- 
pended. But  the  mob  spirit  had  become  so  strong  and  defi- 
ant that  no  further  appointments  were  made." 

Mr.  Weld  then  went  to  St.  Albans  township  and  continued 
his  lectures  at  the  Garfield  meeting  house,  just  across  the 
line.  For  a  week  they  were  largely  attended  by  citizens  of 
Granville  as  well  as  the  neighborhood,  and  they  occasioned 
no  further  disturbance. 

Meantime  the  colonization  element  was  not  inactive.  On 
the  28th  of  October  (1835),  in  response  to  an  open  call,  a 
meeting  convened  in.  the  parlor  of  the  hotel,  at  which  pro- 
vision was  made  for  calling  a  general  meeting  of  citizens  to 
protest  against  the  proceedings  of  the  abolitionists  and  to 
revive  the  support  of  the  Colonization  Society.  A  paper  was 
adopted  and  signed  by  twenty-six  prominent  citizens.  At 
this  subsequent  meeting  a  long  series  of  resolutions  was 
offered,  discussed  and  adopted. 

Thursday,  April  27,  1836,  the  Ohio  State  Anti-Slavery 
Convention  held  its  anniversary  in  Granville,  preliminary 
committee  or  business  meetings  being  held  on  days  preced- 
ing. No  room  could  be  obtained  for  it  in  the  village.  A 
remonstrance  was  signed  by  seventy-five  men,  including  the 
mayor,  recorder,  and  members  of  the  council ;  many  of  them 
prominent  citizens,  and  of  two  classes :  those  who  abomi- 
nated abolition,  and  those  whose  motive  was  to  avoid  a  dis- 
turbance of  the  peace.  On  the  other  hand,  the  Abolitionists 
thought  they  held  a  "  certain  inalienable  right "  to  meet  for 
peaceable  discussion,  and  that  it  would  be  bad  policy  to  give 
ground  while  that  right  was  questioned  by  a  mob  threatening 
violence.  To  render  the  situation  more  trying  still,  families 
were  divided.  Brothers,  brothers-in-law,  sisters,  and  other 
near  relatives  were  ranged  on  opposite  sides  of  the  exciting 
question. 

The  anti-slavery  party  yielded  so  far  as  not  to  meet  in  the 
village.  Mr.  A.  A.  Bancroft  again  met  the  crisis.  His  large 
barn  at  that  season  of  the  year  was  nearly  empty.     This  was 


300  GATHERING   STORM. 

offered  to  the  committee  of  arrangement  as  the  place  of 
meeting,  accepted,  arranged,  and  styled  the  Hall  of  Freedom. 
The  day  of  meeting  drew.  near.  The  abolitionists  went 
quietly  forward  with  their  preparations  and  the  more  violent 
of  the  other  party  showed  a  determined  hostility. 

On  one  of  the  evenings  preceding  the  meeting  of  the 
convention,  and  not  in  any  way  connected  with  it,  unless  it 
was  that  some  attended  it  who  had  come  to  attend  the  con- 
vention, a  meeting  was  held  in  the  school  house  on  the  Lan- 
caster road.  After  a  lecture,  a  local  anti-slavery  society  was 
formed.  A  mob  went  over  from  town  and  made  considerable 
disturbance,  throwing  eggs  and  stones,  and  breaking  the 
windows  badly.  Some  of  the  audience  sallied  out  in  self 
defence.  Clubs  were  freely  used  and  men  of  both  parties 
sustained  serious  personal  injuries 

This  whetted  the  spirit  of  the  mob  and  made  them  more 
determined.  During  the  night  they  sent  out  word  in  every 
direction  calling  together  a  crowd  of  men  disposed  to  use 
violence  in  breaking  up  the  convention.  They  came  from 
Mt.  Vernon  and  the  extreme  northwest  corner  of  the  county 
and  many  nearer  places. 

The  day  of  the  convention  found  the  village  filled  by  two 
crowds  of  men  of  these  opposing  sentiments,  and  uneasiness 
was  manifested  on  the  streets  from  early  morning.  The  one 
crowd  was  headed  by  such  men  as  President  Mahan  and 
Professor  Cowles,  of  Oberlin  College,  Hon.  J.  G.  Birney,  of 
Cincinnati,  and  kindred  spirits ;  the  other,  numbering  about 
two  hundred  men,  can  hardly  be  said  to  have  had  any 
efficient  leaders.  The  more  wise  of  the  opponents  drew 
back  from  encouraging  violence,  and  the  turbulent  elements 
that  were  ready  for  it  knew  not  how  to  strike.  The  storm 
cloud  was  surcharged  with  electricity,  but  no  conductor 
offered  a  track  for  its  gathered  force.  They  tried  to  get  an 
experienced  militia  captain  to  organize  and  lead  them.  But 
in  this  they  failed.  They  spent  the  day  in  harangues,  in 
bobbing  Abolitionists'   horses,   and   in   drilling  by  squads; 


PREPARATIONS.  301 

marching  around  to  the  music  of  a  violin,  both  about  the 
public  house,  and  on  the  summit  of  Prospect  Hill,  in  sight 
of  where  the  convention  was  sitting. 

The  mayor  purposely  absented  himself  that  day,  and  the 
constable  declined  to  use  his  office  for  the  preservation  of 
the  peace  until  the  afternoon  brought  the  violence.  Word 
was  sent  from  the  mob  to  the  convention  that  if  they  did  not 
adjourn  by  a  given  time  they  would  be  assailed,  and  the  mob 
had  spies  out  reporting  all  the  movements  of  the  convention. 

The  abolitionists  quietly  assembled  and  proceeded  with 
their  business.  During  the  day  the  mob  was  hourly  expected 
to  attack  them.  Mr.  Bancroft  with  a  log  chain  secured  the 
large  gate  leading  to  the  barn,  making  it  necessary  for  the 
mob,  in  case  of  attack,  to  scale  the  fence.  Having,  for  the 
sake  of  peace,  yielded  so  far  as  to  go  out  of  town  to  hold  their 
meeting,  they  were  determined  on  self-defense.  A  load  of 
hoop  poles  was  brought  from  James  L,angdon's  cooper  shop, 
(he  was  a  brother-in-law  of  Samuel  White),  and  each  one 
cut  in  two,  affording  an  abundant  supply  of  shillalahs  in 
case  they  should  be  needed.  There  were  some  personal 
collisions  during  the  day,  but  nothing  very  serious  until  the 
afternoon. 

The  convention  did  not  adjourn  for  dinner,  but  continuing 
its  session  finished  its  business  by  two  o'clock  p.  m.  ,  and  ad- 
journed sine  die.  The  Ladies'  School,  under  Misses  Grant 
and  Bridges,  was  suspended  for  the  day,  and  teachers  and 
scholars  went  in  procession  to  the  convention.  The  board- 
ing department  was  then  accommodated  in  the  brick  building 
in  the  west  end  of  town,  now  the  residence  of  Dr.  Gifford. 
The  village  sidewalks  at  that  time  ran  close  by  the  buildings 
on  each  side  of  the  street.  The  young  ladies,  under  the  pro- 
tection of  a  strong  escort,  formed  a  procession  four  abreast, 
and  marched  around  Prospect  Hill  into  town,  down  Green 
Street  and  up  the  north  sidewalk  of  Broad  Street.  The  mob 
was  gathered  on  the  same  side  of  the  street  in  front  of  the 
hotel,  at  the  corner  of  Prospect  Street.     At  this  point  the 


302  THE   COLLISION. 

two  crowds  came  in  collision.  A  part  of  the  mob  gave  way 
and  let  the  procession  pass  partially  through  the  outskirts, 
but  the  mass  of  them  resisted,  and  the  procession  was 
crowded  into  the  middle  of  the  street,  keeping  very  close 
together.  As  the  procession  passed  them,  the  mob  became 
excited  and  began  to  hoot  and  to  move  toward  them,  calling 
vociferously  for  Samuel  White  and  William  Whitney,  both 
of  whom  were  conspicuous  among  the  escort,  and  both  ob- 
noxious as  abolition  lecturers.  The  procession  closed  in 
together  and  quickened  their  pace  as  the  mob  pressed  upon 
them.  Thus  they  proceeded  up  the  street  nearly  one  square, 
the  procession  occupying  the  middle  of  the  street  and  the 
mob  the  sidewalk  and  intervening  space,  the  more  daring 
ones  pressing  alongside  the  procession,  some  trying  to  trip 
the  ladies  in  spite  of  their  protectors.  One  prominent  citi- 
zen was  heard  to  shout:  "  Egg  the  squaws!"  Following 
the  procession  were  many  on  horseback  and  in  wagons. 
These  were  assailed  with  eggs  and  other  missiles,  and  females 
sought  to  escape  the  danger  by  jumping  from  the  wagons 
and  running  away. 

The  old  culvert  at  the  outlet  of  the  pond  in  the  center  of 
town  used  to  extend'  only  across*  the  wagon  track  in  the 
center  of  the  street.  As  the  procession  was  passing  over 
this,  a  student  of  the  college  and  the  lady  he  was  escorting 
were  pushed  off  the  culvert  into  the  ditch.  Hastening  to 
see  his  lady  among  friends  in  the  procession,  he  returned, 
found  his  assailant  and  knocked  him  down.  The  assailant 
"soon  came  to  time  and  went  to  grass  again."  Seeing  this, 
another  of  the  mob  made  for  the  student  and  knocked  him 
down.  The  ball  was  now  fairly  opened.  A  citizen  rushed 
frantically  at  the  head  of  the  procession,  where  he  tackled  a 
powerful  man — one  of  the  Whiteheads,  of  Jersey — and  was 
turned  back  with  the  loss  of  his  wig.  The  student,  who,  by 
the  way,  had  been  a  trained  pugilist,  returned  to  the  fight, 
and  singling  one  at  a  time  from  his  assailants,  laid  several 
in  the  dust,  until  he  was  overpowered  by  numbers  and  buried 


VIOLENCE.  303 

under  a  pile  of  rails  from  Esquire  Gavit's  fence.  Another  of 
the  mob  was  soon  seen  carrying  on  his  shoulders  something 
wrapped  in  a  handkerchief,  which  proved  to  be  a  bloody 
head.  He  had  been  hit  by  a  good-sized  stone  thrown  from 
the  midst  of  the  procession.  At  the  rear,  a  furnaceman  had 
got  an  abolitionist  down  and  was  pounding  him  unmerci- 
fully, when  a  citizen  ran  from  one  of  the  stores  across  the 
street  and  pulled  him  off,  crying :  "  Get  off;  you  are  killing 
him  !"  "  Wh-wh-why,"  said  the  man,  who  was  a  stammerer, 
"  I  s'posed  I'd  g-g-got  to  k-k-kill  him,  and  he  aint  d-dead 
yet !  "  and  he  gave  him  another  blow.  A  little  further  on, 
several  of  the  mob  had  laid  hands  on  two  of  the  young  ladies 
and  separated  them  from  the  procession.  A  workman  at 
Mr.  Sereno  Wright's  seeing  this,  dropped  his  tools,  and  gath- 
ering stones  as  he  ran,  began  to  throw  them  at  the  assailants. 
He  was  soon  joined  by  others.  One  of  the  mob  was  hit  on 
the  shin  and  disabled.  A  few  more  stones  opened  the  way 
for  the  girls  to  escape.  One  of  them  sank  to  the  ground 
from  fright,  unable  to  run.  The  men  had  now  come  between 
them  and  the  mob  and  held  the  latter  in  check,  fighting  with 
stones  and  whatever  else  came  to  hand,  until  the  companions 
of  the  young  lady  gained  courage  to  run  back  and  help  her 
escape.  This  was  in  front  of  where  the  Baptist  Church  is 
now. 

One  young  man  whose  sympathies  were  with  the  opposers 
rather  than  with  the  abolitionists,  evoked  the  displeasure  of 
some  of  the  mob  by  acts  of  gallantry  in  this  part  of  the 
drama,  and  had  to  take  refuge  in  the  cellar  of  a  store.  Dur- 
ing these  transactions  the  women  for  the  most  part  hid 
themselves  within  their  houses,  too  fearful  to  witness  the 
events.  But  one  young  housewife  was  making  soap  that 
day,  and  was  dressed  accordingly.  Hearing  a  great  noise, 
she  looked  out  upon  the  street  and  saw  the  mob  rapidly  ap- 
proaching, a  man  of  her  acquaintance  running  past  her  as 
for  life,  and  yielding  to  her  first  impulse,  she  ran  through 
the   garden   and   climbed  hurriedly  into  a  neighbor's  barn- 


304  BLOODSHED. 

yard,  tearing  her  working  attire  sadly  in  the  effort.  Then 
realizing  that  she  was  no  safer  there  than  she  would  be  in 
the  house,  she  climbed  back  again,  and  growing  bolder  and 
forgetting  the  plight  she  was  in,  she  went  into  the  street  and 
began  to  expostulate  with  those  of  the  mob  with  whom  she 
came  in  contact. 

The  march  had  now  changed  to  the  double-quick,  and 
almost  a  rout.  But  the  ladies  all  reached  some  place  of 
safety,  some  at  the  dwellings  along  the  route,  others  at  the 
boarding  house.  Mr.  Whitney  was  so  pressed  that  he  broke 
ahead  of  the  procession,  ran  through  Mr.  Haskell's  house 
and  secreted  himself  in  the  back  part  of  the  ladies'  boarding 
house.  Mr.  White,  also,  after  felling  three  or  four  with  his 
fist,  ran  across  the  gardens,  and  was  cared  for  by  Rev.  Henry 
Carr.  He  had  two  brothers  also  in  the  fray,  which  was  not 
a  bloodless  one  for  them.  Mr.  John  L,ewis,  a  student  from 
Oberlin,  was  set  upon  by  one  of  the  mob  who  carried  a  heavy 
stick.  He  turned  and  ran  across  the  road  toward  an  open 
door,  which,  just  as  he  reached  it,  was  closed  against  him; 
and  exhausted,  he  stumbled  upon  the  steps.  His  pursuer 
was  just  upon  him  when  he  fell,  and  he  could  only  turn  upon 
his  back  and  hold  up  his  arms  to  defend  his  head,  while  blow 
after  blow  was  dealt  upon  him  in  double-handed  strokes. 
The  mobocrat  was  made  to  desist,  but  not  until  the  young 
man  was  covered  with  blood. 

Ere  this,  Esquire  Gil  man  had  come  upon  the  scene.  He 
met  the  mob  at  the  foot  of  Rose  Street,  and  then  and  there 
commanded  citizens  in  the  name  of  the  State  of  Ohio  to 
help  restrain  the  violent,  with  threats  of  instant  fines  for 
disobedience.  But  his  presence  could  not  be  everywhere, 
and  the  mischief  still  went  on. 

A  part  of  the  mob  now  surged  back  again  down  the  street 
in  great  disorder.  Eggs  were  thrown,  there  were  personal 
encounters  and  more  or  less  personal  injury.  Gathering 
strength,  they  returned  under  a  fresh  impetus,  excited  in  the 
determination  to  find  some  of  the  individuals  they  longed  to 
handle. 


THE   FIELD   CLEARED.  305 

Mr.  Jocelyn,  steward  at  the  Baptist  Seminary,  was  chased 
around  the  old  Baptist  Church,  but  eluded  the  mob,  and 
reached  home  in  safety.  Mr.  Anderson,  the  constable,  came 
upon  the  scene  of  action  on  horseback,  and  sought  to  use 
his  authority.  He  was  unceremoniously  dragged  from  his 
horse  and  treated  with  indignity.  The  stammerer  had  by 
this  time  reached  the  van  of  the  mob.  He  took  after  the 
constable,  who  fled  incontinently,  leaving  his  hat  behind 
him.  This  was  appropriated  by  the  stammerer  as  a  trophy. 
A  squad  of  them,  still  looking  for  White  and  Whitney,  met 
Mr.  Bynner.  "  Have  you  seen  anything  of  Whitney?"  they 
asked.  "  Whitney,"  replied  he,  pointing  in  the  direction  of 
the  college  on  the  Columbus  road,  "why  didn't  you  just  now 
see  Mr.  Whitney  running  with  all  his  might  toward  the  col- 
lege?" Supposing  he  meant  that  he  had  so  seen  him, 
they  made  haste  to  pursue,  and  were  soon  off  the  scent.  In 
the  evening,  Mr.  Whitney  reached  his  boarding  house.  His 
host,  however,  was  afraid  to  keep  him  over  night,  and  he 
found  his  way  across  the  gardens  to  the  house  of  his  friend, 
Rev.  William  S.  Roberts.  He  and  his  two  brothers  procured 
shotguns,  ammunition,  crowbars  and  axes,  and  they  all  bar- 
ricaded themselves  in  the  west  room  of  what  is  now  Mr. 
Whitney's  residence,  but  they  were  not  molested. 

Judge  Birney  and  others  standing  with  him  were  ap- 
proached on  the  sidewalk  by  a  prominent  citizen,  who  re- 
monstrated with  them  for  holding  such  a  meeting,  and  or- 
dered them  out  of  town.  The  Judge  mildly  replied  that 
they  had  accomplished  their  work  and  were  just  ready  to 
leave.     The  citizen  further  said,  with  many  oaths,  "  Well, 

,  I  am  glad  of  it ;  I  hope  you  will, ;  it  is  time  you 

were  going,  for, ,  you  have  periled  the  peace  of  our  village 

long  enough."  This  was  simply  to  put  the  onus  of  the  dis- 
turbance upon  the  abolitionists  as  the  responsible  cause 
of  it. 

The  closing  scene  was  the  ride  of  Judge  Birney  past  the 
mob,  now  re-assembling  at  the  hotel.     He  started  from  Dr. 


306  THE  CLOSING  SCENE. 

Bancroft's  on  his  awfully  bobbed  horse,  rode  slowly  by  the 
mob  while  they  pelted  him  on  every  side  with  eggs  ;  and 
when  past  the  reach  of  their  missiles,  he  put  spurs  to  his 
horse,  and  in  that  plight  left  town. 

Many  of  the  mobocrats  from  a  distance  were  disgusted 
with  the  citizens  who  sent  for  them,  because  no  man  of  prom- 
inence among  them  would  lead  their  assault,  and  they  went 
away  leaving  inverted  compliments  for  them,  and  declining 
to  pull  chestnuts  out  of  the  fire  any  more. 

All  these  scenes  occupied  not  much  more  time  than  it 
takes  to  read  them.  They  were  followed  by  a  heavy  thunder 
shower  that  cooled  men's  passions;  and  in  the  evening  the 
Granville  Band  was  out  with  music,  as  if  such  a  day  might 
still  close  in  peace  and  pleasure. 

The  same  evening  an  abolition  meeting  was  held  in  the 
stone  school-house  on  the  Welsh  Hills,  and  there  was  no  dis- 
turbance. The  abolition  party  received  great  accessions  by 
that  day's  work ;  and  at  this  day  no  one  is  found  to  speak 
approvingly  of  the  violence  that  then  filled  our  otherwise 
peaceful  streets  with  confusion  and  bloodshed. 

One  very  good  man  was  heard  to  say  with  regard  to  the 
treatment  the  anti-slavery  men  received  that  he  was  glad  of 
it,  and  he  would  serve  them  the  same  way  if  they  were  to 
come  to  his  neighborhood.  But  another  said  :  "  If  that  is 
the  way,  I  am  henceforth  an  abolitionist,"  and  the  next 
heard  of  him  he  was  an  agent  of  the  Underground  Railroad. 

The  following  lines  were  appended  to  an  account  of 
this  mob  published  at  the  time  in  pamphlet  form,  and 
called :  u  Granville  Mobocracy  Exposed,  or  a  Pill  for  the 
Dough  Faces."  The  pamphlet  cannot  now  be. found,  but  the 
lines  have  been  preserved  in  print,  and  come  to  us  from 
Boston : 

11  A  PARODY  ON  THE  MOB  IN  GRANVILLE  IN  1834. 
'*  In  Granville  when  the  sun  was  low 
The  mobites  filled  each  street  and  row, 
And  low  and  mournful  was  the  flow 
Of  Raccoon  rolling  sluggishly. 


THE  FUGITIVE   RESCUED.  307 

"  By  yells  and  shoutings  fast  arrayed 
Each  mobite  drew  his  battle  blade, 
And  furiously  they  rushed  to  aid 

And  join  the  drunken  revelry. 

"  But  Granville  saw  another  sight 
When  the  mobites  rushed  to  furious  fight 
Commanding  drunken  fiends  to  light 
Upon  the  ladies  suddenly. 

"  The  riot  deepens,  on,  ye  slaves! 
Who  rush  with  fury  on  the  brave. 
Wave,  mobites,  all  your  cudgels  wave, 

And  charge  with  all  your  chivalry. 

"Then  shook  the  town  with  riot  riven; 
Then  rushed  the  mob  by  fury  driven, 
And  in  savage  yells  to  heaven, 

Loud  shouted  the  mobocracy. 

"  Ah!  few  shall  part  where  many  meet 
Without  a  broken  head  to  greet 
Their  captain  when  he  comes  to  treat 

The  mobites  for  their  gallantry." 

A  similar  convention  was  held  two  or  three  years  later 
in  the  Congregational  Church,  and  the  town  cannon  was 
fired  for  some  time  on  the  square  during  its  sessions. 

But  the  third  convention  was  held  not  long  after,  and  not 
a  dog  moved  his  tongue  against  it. 

The  next  demonstration  was  about  1841,  on  the  occasion 
of  the  taking  of  a  fugitive  slave  (whose  name  was  John), 
under  the  old  Black  Laws  of  Ohio.  He  was  being  tried  in 
Newark  under  Judge  Haughey,  when  Samuel  White  entered 
the  court  room,  and  at  once  espoused  John's  case.  At  his 
motion  the  case  was  postponed.  He  got  Dr.  Bancroft  to 
procure  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus,  which  brought  him  to  Gran- 
ville for  trial  before  Judge  Bancroft.  The  trial  was  held  in 
the  conference  room  where  Weld  was  egged.  White,  aided 
by  Stanbery  and  Ells,  defended  John,  and  the  court  decided 
in  his  favor,  the  decision  being  that  the  arrest  of  the  man  as  it 
had  been  brought  about,  was  unconstitutional.  Immediately 
White  arose  and  shouted  :     "  Knock  off  those  shackles !     No 


308  THE    TRIAL. 

fetters  here  !  John,  you  are  a  free  man !  Run,  John,  run 
for  your  life  and  liberty !"  Quicker  done  than  said.  The 
shackles  fell  off  as  by  magic.  The  crowd  opened  to  the 
right  and  left.  John  was  pushed  through,  and  even  borne 
over  their  heads  by  friends,  he,  with  tears,  stretching  out  his 
hand  toward  White  and  crying:  "  God  bress  you,  Massa 
White!  God  bress  you,  Massa  White."  The  Marshal  who  had 
brought  him  and  stood  near  him  during  the  trial,  made  some 
show  of  resistance.  But  a  few  overpowering  words  from 
White,  with  a  significant  gesture  of  his  powerful  right  arm, 
sent  the  blood  in  upon  his  heart,  and  he  cowered  into  non- 
resistance.  Friends  urged  John  to  the  horses,  which  stood 
waiting  for  him  and  his  guides.  One  of  these  he  mounted 
like  an  adept,  and  not  waiting  to  get  his  feet  in  the  stirrups, 
he  was  soon  on  top  of  the  hill  west  of  the  Academy,  swing- 
ing his  hat  and  shouting  :  "  Hurrah !"  and  in  another 
moment  was  out  of  sight.  Ere  the  bewildered  master  could 
take  any  further  steps,  John  was  beyond  his  reach.  So 
eager  were  friends  to  see  him  off  that  certain  people  who 
were  in  the  plan  and  others  who  were  not,  all  friends,  came 
into  collision,  and  one  or  two  blows  were  interchanged  before 
they  understood  each  other.  Another  mistake  occurred  in 
taking  the  wrong  horse,  one  very  similar  to  the  one  provided. 
The  bridle  was  cut  and  he  was  off  before  it  was  perceived. 
The  right  horse  followed,  however,  the  matter  was  rectified 
and  no  complaints  were  made.  u  After  all,"  said  an  old  time 
opposer,  "  I'm  rather  glad  he's  got  away." 

Granville  was  long  a  well  known  station  on  the  Great 
Northwestern  Underground  Railroad,  from  which  place  it 
branched,  one  track  running  up  Loudon  Street,  the  one  by 
which  John  went,  and  the  other  over  the  hills  to  Utica. 
f  Trains  would  stop  sometimes  thirty  minutes  for  meals ;  some- 
times all  day,  rather  than  all  night,  for  rest ;  sometimes 
longer  to  have  the  track  repaired.  If  danger  threatened,  the 
conductors  and  track  viewers  were  careful  to  have  everything 
looked  after,  and  trains  were  seldom  delayed,  and  never 
thrown  from  the  track. 


SLAVE   IS   FREED.  309 

[More  than  half  a  century  has  now  passed  (1889)  since 
those  memorable  events.  Few  of  the  actors  in  those  scenes 
survive,  and  the  living  who  sympathized  with  either  side 
were  at  the  time  too  young  to  enter  intelligently  into  the 
motives  of  those  actors.  All  to-day  would  wonder  at  the 
impetuosity  that  displayed  itself  in  profanity,  violence  and 
bloodshed.     To-day  the  slave  is  freed  and  everybody  is  glad.] 


310  OUR   CRIMINAL    RECORD. 


CHAPTER  XLVII. 

OUR   CRIMINAL   RECORD. 

This  should  not  be  passed  over,  lest  Granville  bear  a  better 
name  than  she  deserves  ;  neither  is  it  well  to  wound  the  feel- 
ings of  any  by  unnecessarily  calling  to  memory  that  which 
were  better  left  in  oblivion. 

In  very  early  times  there  were  two  cases  of  criminal  offence 

against   society.      In  1819,  G was  accused   of  forgery, 

having  been  before  guilty  of  petit  larceny,  was  tried,  con- 
victed and  sent  to  the  penitentiary  for  a  short  term.  He  had 
long  failed  to  enjoy  the  confidence  of  the  community. 

About  the  same  time  (not  far  from  1814)  L was  guilty 

of  altering  bank  notes  from  the  denomination  of  one's  to 
ten's.  He  was  of  a  singular  disposition,  loving  to  be  much 
alone,  studying  his  father's  library ;  but,  as  it  afterward 
appeared,  for  the  sake  of  finding  the  secret  mechanical  and 
chemical  arts  which  he  used  in  his  work.  He  kept  a  private 
room  which  was  always  under  lock  and  key,  where  were 
found  the  evidences  of  his  crime.  He  was  assisted  to  leave 
the  country,  starting  from  home  on  horse-back,  going  south 
never  to  return. 

The  most  gigantic  crime  perpetrated  in  our  community 

was  that  of  M .      In  the  winter  of  1834-5,  the  merchants 

missed  small  amounts  of  money  or  goods  from  the  stores. 
Families  missed  small  articles  from  their  premises.  Locks 
were  found  tampered  with.  Paints,  groceries,  dry  goods, 
syrups,  hams,  cash,  mysteriously  disappeared.  It  was 
evident  there  was  mischief  around,  but  no  trace  of  the 
perpetrator  could  be  found. 

One  Saturday  evening,  April  4,  1835,  M came  into  the 

store  of  Mower  &  Prichard  just  as  it  was  to  be  closed  for  the 
night.  Sherlock  Mower  and  a  lad  who  assisted  him,  were 
the  only  persons  present.  M sauntered  around,  seem- 
ingly having  no  errand,  and  was  inclined  to  be  near  the  back 


BURGLARIES.  311 

door  which  opened  into  a  large  ware-room,  in  one  corner  of 
which,  just  to  the  right  as  one  entered,  was  the  office  room, 
and  in  the  office  the  safe  was  kept.  On  the  west  side  was 
another  more  open  ware-house  for  rough  storage.  On  the 
counter  near  this  back  door  of  the  sales-room  was  a  case  con- 
taining candy,  of  which  M bought  six  and  a  fourth  cents 

worth,  (an  old  fashioned  piece  of  silver).  Soon  after  Mr. 
Mower  went  into  the  ware-room  to  see  that  all  was  right, 

and  M slipped  in  after  him  to  examine  the  premises. 

Next  morning  (Sunday)  the  key  hole  of  the  front  door  was 
observed  to  be  filled  with  mud.  That  evening  the  boy  clerk 
was  about  the  open  shed  when  he  observed  M go  stealth- 
ily and  examine  the  key  hole  to  find  if  any  one  had  entered 
the  store.  While  he  was  doing  this,  Otis  Wheeler  came 
riding  rapidly  down  Prospect  Street,  turning  round  the  store 
into  Broad,  on  his  way  for  a  doctor.  As  he  rounded  the 
corner  he  noticed  a  man  coming  hurriedly  away  from  the 

front  door,  which  excited  his  attention.     M then  went 

into  French's  tavern  and  sat  by  the  bar  room  fire. 

In   the  night,   Sunday,   April  5th,  M with  an   auger 

cut  out  the  lock  of  the  west  door  by  boring  all  around  it, 
effected  an  entrance  into  the  office,  rolled  out  the  safe  through 
the  wareroom  and  to  the  east  door,  loaded  it  upon  an  old- 
fashioned  hand  truck,  (much  used  in  those  days  for  drawing 
water  in  barrels  from  the  town  spring),  and  started  with  it 
through  Broad  Street,  and  down  Main,  toward  the  old  burial 
lot.  When  opposite  Mr.  Sereno  Wright's  dwelling,  just  be- 
yond the  town  square,  the  safe  fell  from  the  truck  into  the 

mud.     M was  a  powerful  man,  but  he  could  not  manage 

to  get  the  safe  any  further.  He  then  went  back  to  the  black- 
smith shop  of  A.  Sinnet,  just  back  of  the  store  he  had 
burglarized,  but  found  it  fastened.  He  then  went  to  the 
shop  in  olden  times  conspicuously  labeled  in  great  white 
letters  "  Our  Shop,"  where  Mr.  Montonye's  shop  now  is,  and 
there  procured  a  heavy  sledge  hammer.  With  three  well- 
directed  blows  he  sprung  the  lock  of  the  safe  and  opened  the 


312  BURGLARIES. 

door.  It  is  one  o\  the  marvels  of  the  case  that  he  should 
make  so  much  noise  right  in  the  middle  of  town  and  be 
heard  on  every  hand,  and  awaken  no  suspicion  of  what  was 
going  on.  The  rolling  of  the  safe  on  the  floor  was  heard  on 
the  street  back  (Bowery),  and  it  was  afterward  described  as 
like  distant  thunder.  The  heavy  blows  that  opened  the  safe 
were  heard  by  Mr.  Sereno  Wright  and  at  Deacon  Bancroft's, 
yet  no  one  thought  of  mischief  The  quiet  little  town  slept 
so  unconscious  of  evil  that  the  deed  fell  like  a  thunderbolt 
among  them. 

Next  morning  the  town  was  early  astir.  The  safe  was 
found  lying  bedaubed  in  the  mud  and  rifled  of  its  contents. 
The  store  was  found  opened.  The  tracks  in  the  mud  were 
closely  observed,  and  some  of  them  protected  for  futuie  ref- 
erence. The  burglar  was  tracked  from  place  to  place.  The 
prints  showed  very  large  boots,  and  one  of  them  had  a  tap 
on  it. 

From  where  the  safe  was  lying  he  went  directly  to  the 
burial  lot.  There,  under  a  flat  stone  which  leaned  against 
the  wall,  were  found  the  personal  notes,  which,  being  of  no 
use  to  the  thief,  he  had  rid  himself  of  them.  Inside  the  yard, 
stones  and  bricks  were  freshly  disturbed,  but  this  was  only  a 
blind ;  there  was  nothing  deposited  there.  The  account 
books  were  hidden  in  different  places  in  the  wall,  stones 
being  taken  out  here  and  there  to  make  room  for  them. 

The  sharp  ones  of  the  village  were  immediately  at  work 
as  detectives.     As  some  suspicions  had  already  lighted  upon 

M ,  it  was  not  long  until  a  search  warrant  was  out  and 

he  was  under  surveillance.  All  his  premises  were  ransacked, 
and  then  the  neighboring  hill.  In  the  cellar-way  the  boots 
were  found,  freshly  washed,  which  fitted  the  tracks.  Between 
the  ceiling  and  the  chamber  floor  were  found  many  packages 
tucked  away,  which  merchants  recognized.  Many  false  keys 
were  discovered.  In  a  secret  place  of  an  out-building  was 
a  shingle  loosely  tacked  which  held  a  package  of  money.  In 
the  crack  of  a  boulder,  the  top  of  which  lay  a  little  above 


BURGLARIES.  313 

the  surface  of  the  ground,  the  bulk  of  the  money  was  found. 
The  crack  had  been  recently  filled  with  small  stones  to  the 
depth  of  a  foot  or  two.  It  was  the  marks  of  this  recent  work 
that  drew  attention  to  the  spot.  Under  the  loose  stones  was 
a  stocking  foot  which  contained  the  money,  and  the  leg  of 
the  stocking  was  found  in  the  garret  of  the  house,  while  on 
his  face  was  a  black  spot  from  the  blacksmith's  shop.  His 
night's  work  had  come  so  near  the  morning  as  not  to  give 
him  time  for  his  morning's  ablutions,  before  he  was  sus- 
pected and  tracked. 

Previous  to  this  a  ten  dollar  bill  which  M passed  was 

identified  as  having  been  lost  from  one  of  the  stores,  and  a 
peculiarly  small,  round  ham  was  found  boiling  in  the  pot,  so 
strikingly  like  one  lost  as  to  produce  confusion  at  a  neigh- 
bor's call.  This  chain  of  evidence  seemed  enough.  He  was 
indicted,  the  case  came  up  in  the  April  term  of  court,  1835, 
and  was  continued  to  the  October  term.  The  verdict  was 
given  by  a  jury  of  eleven,  one  having  been  taken  sick,  and 
the  parties  mutually  agreeing  to  go  on  with  eleven.  The 
witnesses  called  were  Sherlock  Mower,  B.  E.  Vial,  Otis 
Wheeler,     Andrew     Merriman,     Andrew     Dunlap,      Sally 

Stephens,  Leonard  Humphrey,  Joseph  B.  Gaylord.     M 

was  found  guilty  and  sentenced  to  the  penitentiary. 

September  10th,  1850,  an  altercation  between  a  young 
man,  a  student  of  the  college,  and  the  steward  of  the  insti- 
tution, led  to  the  student's  snatching  a  pocket  knife  from  the 
steward's  hands  and  stabbing  him  near  the  heart.  The 
result  was  not  as  serious  as  the  heat  of  the  moment  might 
naturally  have  led  to. 

On  the  morning  of  Tuesday,  September  nth,  1877,  when 
the  people  began  to  stir  upon  the  streets,  the  east  window  of 
the  First  National  Bank,  northwest  corner  of  Broad  and 
Prospect  Streets,  was  found  to  be  open.  Looking  in  they 
saw  that  the  outer  door  of  the  iron  vault,  in  which  stood  the 
safe,  was  open,  and  the  inner  door  had  been  tampered  with. 
The  first  had  been  blown  open  with  gunpowder,  and  the 
30 


314  BURGLARIES. 

same  had  been  tried  upon  the  inner  door.  There  was  a 
space  of  about  four  inches  both  above  and  below  this  door, 
and  the  explosion  finding  vent  had  produced  no  effect.  A 
sledge  hammer,  though  it  produced  great  indentations  on  the 
iron  plate,  also  failed  to  open  it.  People  said  it  was  so  old- 
fashioned  an  affair  that  modern  burglars  did  not  understand 
it.  The  inner  lock  was  so  tampered  with  that  it  took 
several  hours  to  open  it,  and  meantime  it  was  uncertain 
whether  the  robbers  had  succeeded  and  borne  away  the 
treasure,  locking  the  door  after  them  to  gain  time,  or 
whether  all  was  safe.  It  was  found  to  have  resisted  all  as- 
saults and  proved  faithful  to  its  trust.  All  the  plunder  they 
got  was  a  gold  pen  and  a  few  similar  articles  from  the  bank 
office.  Quantities  of  carpets  and  coffee  sacks  were  found, 
which  had  been  used  to  darken  the  room  and  deaden  the 
sound.  Still  the  noise  was  heard  across  Broad  Street,  and 
the  light  was  seen  Irom  the  old  hotel  across  Prospect  Street, 
but.no  one  suspected  what  was  going  on.  No  clue  to  the 
perpetrators  was  ever  obtained. 

Close  upon  this  there  followed  a  series  of  burglaries  that 
led  to  the  establishing  of  a  night  watch. 

On  the  morning  of  Thursday,  October  4th,  the  store  of 
Mr.  H.  B.  Green  was  found  to  have  been  opened,  but  if  any 
thing  was  taken  it  was  not  missed. 

On  the  morning  of  Wednesday,  the  7th  of  November,  the 
store  of  Mr.  George  C.  Parsons  was  found  to  have  been  en- 
tered and  many  goods  abstracted.  He  estimated  his  loss  at 
$600.  The  marks  on  the  goods  were  removed,  many  of  them 
being  found  on  the  floor.  Next  spring  when  a  hay  stack  on 
the  Infirmary  farm  was  removed,  tags  and  marks  were  found 
secreted  in  the  stack,  and  identified  by  Mr.  Parsons  as  his 
marks. 

On  the  8th  of  November,  the  night  watch  was  established 
by  the  Town  Council,  the  expense  of  which  is  paid  by  tax. 

On  the  morning  of  Wednesday,  the  14th  of  November, 
an  attempt  was  made  to  break  into  the  house  of  Mr.  Elihu 


BURGLARIES.  315 

Hayes,  three  miles  southwest  of  town,  but  the  burglars  were 
heard  and  foiled. 

Friday,  December  7th,  the  cellar  of  Mr.  Henry  Kendall 
was  found  to  have  been  entered  by  an  outside  door,  and  sev- 
eral cans  of  fruit  were  taken.  Mr.  Green's  store  had  been 
tried  again,  the  casing  of  the  front  door  being  taken  off,  and 
Mr.  Alfred  Jewett's  horse  was  found  saddled  and  bridled 
ready  for  a  ride. 

About  the  same  time  one  of  the  inmates  of  Mr.  Cole's 
family,  on  the  McCune  farm  (formerly  Joseph  Linnel's)  on 
Centerville,  heard  a  carriage  drive  away  from  the  house.  In 
the  morning  the  old  family  carriage  and  two  farm  horses 
were  missing.  They  never  came  back,  nor  has  any  trace  of 
them  been  found  to  this  day.  It  could  not  even  be  found 
which  way  they  turned  when  emerging  upon  the  road. 

July  2d,  1878,  Mr.  Enos  Wilkins,  on  Centerville  Street, 
found  a  burglar  had  entered  by  a  window  and  taken  posses- 
sion of  his  house  while  all  were  away  on  the  day  of  the  sol- 
diers' reunion.  He  had  collected  a  pile  of  things  to  carry 
away,  but  surrendered,  plead  guilty  before  a  magistrate,  and 
was  sent  to  jail. 

Beyond  these,  there  is  an  ordinary  record  of  accusations 
of  crime  on  the  justices'  dockets,  from  the  larceny  of  a  jack 
knife  to  horse-stealing,  running  through  the  list  of  larceny, 
house-breaking,  forging,  assault  and  battery,  disturbing  meet- 
ing and  so  on ;  but  nothing  unusual  that  fixes  crime  on  citi- 
izens  of  Granville,  or  demanding  record. 


316  FATAL   ACCIDENTS. 


CHAPTER  XIvVIII. 

A  review  of  the  death  record  of  the  township  makes  the 
impression  that  an  nnusual  number  came  to  their  death  by 
accident. 

The  first  occurred  at  the  explosion  of  Goodrich's  distillery. 
The  boiler  was  a  wooden  tank,  or  a  cut  from  a  large  hollow 
tree,  set  upon  an  iron  bottom  without  sufficient  fastenings. 
It  was  thrown  off  by  the  force  of  the  steam,  several  being 
badly  scalded.  One  little  girl  died  during  the  following  night. 
This  occurred  Wednesday,  February  26th,  1812. 

Thursday,  October  7th,  1813,  James  Thrall  was  killed 
under  the  following  circumstances :  He  was  standing  on  a 
tree  that  had  been  blown  over,  cutting  it  in  two  ten  or  twelve 
feet  from  the  roots.  When  it  was  severed  the  bent  roots 
forced  the  stump  violently  back  to  position,  hurling  him  into 
the  air.  In  falling  his  back  was  broken,  and  he  survived  but 
a  few  days. 

Mr.  Ethan  Bancroft  died  Monday,  May  9th,  1814,  from  the 
kick  of  a  horse.  He  was  coming  in  from  the  field  where  he 
had  been  furrowing  for  corn  with  a  horse  he  had  just  bought. 
His  little  boy  had  been  twice  thrown  from  the  horse  during 
the  forenoon,  and  calling  his  hired  man  he  had  him  hold  the 
plow  while  himself  rode.  Going  to  the  stable  to  feed  at 
noon,  he  was  riding  past  where  the  horse  had  been  in  pasture 
when  the  creature  reared  almost  straight  up.  Mr.  Bancroft 
was  sliding  off  his  back  when  he  sprang  to  the  left  and  away 
as  far  as  he  could,  falling  on  his  hands  and  knees.  The  horse 
quickly  turned  and  gave  him  a  kick  in  the  face,  covering  the 
right  eye,  cutting  the  cheek,  nose  and  brow,  tearing  the  eye 
and  injuring  the  skull.  This  was  on  Friday.  He  lived  till 
Sunday  night  eleven  o'clock.  On  Sunday  afternoon  he  was 
sitting  up  conversing  with  his  neighbors.  In  the  evening 
he  was  taken  much  worse  and  sank  rapidly.  He  was  thirty- 
four  years  of  age. 


ACCIDENTS.  317 

1815,  Tuesday,  September  12th,  Mr.  Christopher  Avery 
died  by  falling  into  a  well  he  was  digging  on  his  own  prem- 
ises, a  couple  of  miles  southwest  of  town.  Mr.  Gideon  Cor- 
nell and  others  were  helping.  Gas  had  troubled  them  for 
some  time,  and  Mr.  Avery  gave  the  signal  that  he  wished  to 
be  drawn  up.  He  came  so  near  the  top  that  Mr.  Cornell 
seized  him  by  the  hand,  grasping  only  three  of  his  fingers. 
Mr.  Avery  was  losing  consciousness  and  self-control,  and  his 
weight  was  more  than  Mr.  Cornell  could  sustain.  Mr.  Avery 
slipped  from  his  grasp  and  fell  backward  to  the  bottom,  a 
distance  of  forty  feet,  and  was  killed. 

1816,  September  29th,  Moses  Boardman  was  on  his  way 
from  Zanesville  with  a  heavy  load  of  building  materials, 
when  he  was  thrown  from  his  wagon,  and  lived  but  twelve 
hours  after  it. 

The  same  year,  while  the  furnace  buildings  were  being 
erected  a  stick  of  timber  that  was  being  lifted  to  position, 
swung  round  and  gave  one  of  the  men  a  blow  which  proved 
fatal.  Some  time  afterward  while  one  of  the  bellows  tubs 
was  being  repaired,  a  heavy  weight  fell  from  the  top,  strik- 
ing a  workman  below,  and  another  life  was  sacrificed.  These 
bellows  arrangements  were  great  wooden  cylinders  bound 
with  iron  hoops,  eight  or  ten  feet  high,  and  set  up  from  the 
ground ;  having  leather  tops  and  bottoms,  the  bottom  having 
a  valve  playing  in  it  as  the  power  worked  it  up  and  down, 
and  the  upper  one  was  loaded  with  weights. 

1817,  Tuesday,  February  25th,  Mrs.  John  Jones,  living  on 
North  Street,  was  riding  on  a  sled  drawn  by  oxen,  when  they 
took  fright  and  ran,  and  she  was  killed.  With  her  husband 
she  was  going  to  spend  an  evening  at  a  neighbor's.  Being 
takeu  up  for  dead  u  she  revived  a  little,  groaned,  prayed  and 
expired." 

Thursday,  September  4th,  of  the  same  year,  one  Freeman 
Williams,  seventeen  years  of  age,  was  killed  by  lightning, 
on  the  farm  of  Klkanah  Linnel.  Mr.  L,innel,  Brastus  Allyn, 
and  young  Williams  were  engaged  in  gathering  ashes  from 


318  ACCIDENTS. 

the  fields.  A  shower  coming  up,  they  took  refuge  under  the 
wagon.  Williams  remarking  that  he  had  left  his  jacket  under 
a  tree  which  stood  near,  started  to  get  it.  Instead  of  return- 
ing to  the  wagon  he  put  on  his  jacket  and  remained  standing 
under  the  tree.  A  heavy  charge  of  lightning  soon  struck  the 
tree,  and  his  head  was  seen  to  drop.  His  companions  imme- 
diately went  to  him  and  found  him  dead.  The  occurrence 
was  the  beginning  of  seriousness  among  the  young.  The 
revival  of  1818  followed  when  eighteen  united  with  the 
church. 

There  was  a  similar  occurrence  a  few  years  later  on  the 
farm  of  Justin  Hillyer,  Sr.  A  young  man  working  in  the 
hay  field  was  struck  and  instantly  killed.  Others  near  were 
prostrated  by  the  shock,  of  whom  one  was  a  son  of  Mr. 
Hillyer. 

1818,  July  16th,  Paulina  Danforth,  six  years  of  age,  while 
out  playing,  ate  a  poisonous  root  which  caused  her  death. 
The  family  lived  a  little  way  north  of  town.  Her  father  had 
pulled  up  the  root  as  he  was  passing  through  a  recent  clear- 
ing, and  thrown  it  into  Clear  Run  to  get  rid  of  it.  Instead 
of  this  it  was  washed  down  the  run  a  quarter  of  a  mile  to 
attract  his  little  daughter's  attention.  She  mistook  it  for  a 
sweet  root  the  people  were  accustomed  to  eat. 

In  September  of  the  same  year,  another  little  girl  of  the 
same  age,  Sarah  Swim,  [or  Swaim,]  was  run  over  by  a  horse 
and  killed.  The  family  lived  on  the  bank  of  Clear  Run,  on 
Centerville  Street.  She  was  on  her  way  to  school,  going  up 
the  hill  toward  town,  when  an  older  brother  came  riding 
rapidly  toward  her,  calling  to  her  to  get  out  of  the  way.  He 
had  nothing  on  the  horse  by  which  to  guide  or  curb  him. 
Probably  both  were  confused,  and  the  child  was  trampled 
down  by  the  horse  and  killed. 

1820,  Monday,  March  4th,  a  daughter  of  Levi  Rose,  one 
year  of  age,  was  drowned.  Toddling  along  a  path  by  which 
she  sometimes  followed  her  mother  when  she  went  to  the 
spring  for  water,  she  fell  face  downward  into  a  shallow  pool 


ACCIDENTS.  319 

of  water.     Her  mother  missed  her  almost  immediately,  but 
not  in  time  to  save  her  life. 

1822,  June  9th,  Hon.  Jeremiah  R.  Munson  was  drowned,  at 
the  age  of  forty-two,  while  under  temporary  insanity.  He 
had  been  showing  signs  of  aberration  for  some  time,  and  it 
was  resolved  that  morning  to  call  a  physician  for  examina- 
tion and  advice.  Some  of  the  family  went  to  meeting,  it 
being  Sabbath,  bearing  the  message  to  the  doctor.  Having 
helped  them  off,  he  went  into  the  house  and  read  aloud  to  his 
mother  from  the  Bible  for  some  time.  Presently  he  came  to 
the  passage,  "  it  were  better  for  him  that  a  mill  stone  were 
hanged  about  his  neck,  and  that  he  were  drowned  in  the 
depths  of  the  sea."  He  stopped,  closed  the  book,  looked  up 
at  his  mother,  and  went  up  stairs.  When  the  family  re- 
turned from  meeting  they  brought  with  them  Dr.  Richards ; 
but  Mr.  Munson  was  nowhere  to  be  found.  They  searched 
the  barn,  the  hills  and  woods  north  of  the  house,  and  all  the 
premises.  At  that  juncture  a  neighbor  came  in  with  Mr. 
Munson's  hat  in  his  hand,  which  he  had  found  by  the  mill 
pond.  In  it  were  papers  by  which  he  knew  where  the  hat 
belonged.  The  pond  was  at  once  searched,  but  not  until 
next  day  was  the  body  found. 

1827,  August  4th,  the  child  of  Lewis  and  Cynthia  Fluke, 
two  years  of  age,  was  scalded  to  death  by  falling  into  a  kettle 
of  hot  lye. 

Friday,  November  16th,  of  the  same  year,  Mr.  Zabina 
Pierce  was  engaged  in  digging  a  well  half  a  mile  east  of  town 
on  the  place  now  owned  by  Mr.  Wynkoop.  The  ground  was 
gravelly  and  loose,  and  troubled  them  much  by  caving.  The 
well  was  nearly  forty  feet  deep.  At  noon  he  sat  down  to  eat 
a  lunch  under  a  board  that  leaned  from  side  to  side  to  protect 
him  from  anything  that  might  fall.  A  very  large  body  of 
earth  became  loosened  from  the  sides  and  fell  upon  him, 
burying  him  many  feet  deep.  From  his  position  and  appear- 
ance when  found  it  was  judged  he  was  killed  instantly. 
There  was  great  danger  in  going  down  to  rescue  him,  the 


320  ACCIDENTS. 

sides  continuing  to  cave.  The  neighborhood  was  roused 
immediately,  and  every  effort  was  made  that  could  be  devised. 
Soon  a  great  chasm  yawned  several  yards  across  the  mouth, 
around  which  the  crowd  gathered  in  excitement  and  unable 
to  effect  anything  for  his  immediate  rescue.  Timbers  were 
thrown  across  and  curbing  prepared  and  sunk,  within  which 
the  men  worked,  sinking  the  curbing  lower  as  the  dirt  was 
removed.  Other  and  smaller  curbing,  being  made  ready, 
was  sunk  inside  the  first  and  lower  down.  Relays  of  men 
entered  the  well,  relieving  one  another  as  often  as  necessary. 
As  they  went  deeper  the  inexperienced  became  fearful  of  the 
risks.  Then  came  two  experienced  well  diggers  from  St. 
Albans — Elisha  Adams  and  Isaiah  Beaumont — volunteering 
their  aid.  The  work  went  on  with  renewed  vigor,  but  not 
till  two  days  and  nights  of  unremitting  toil  and  anxiety  were 
passed,  did  they  reach  the  depth  at  which  they  might  expect 
to  find  the  body.  It  was  then  discovered  that  in  descending 
they  had  veered  a  little  from  the  former  shaft,  and  that  they 
were  digging  down  to  one  side  of  him.  By  making  an  arch 
and  working  sidewise  they  found  the  body.  It  was  not  made 
known  to  the  crowd  above  until  all  were  drawn  up  together, 
lest  in  their  excitement  they  should  crowd  around  the  open- 
ing and  cause  another  accident.  Not  long  after  they  emerged 
from  the  pit  there  was  another  caving  that  would  have  im- 
periled other  lives  with  that  of  poor  Pierce. 

1828,  January  26th,  Cynthia  Newcomb,  aged  nine  years, 
met  her  death  by  the  lodging  of  a  small  pebble  in  her  wind- 
pipe. 

1829,  August  5th,  a  child  of  Richard  Stadden,  aged  eight- 
een months,  was  drowned. 

Thursday,  August  20th,  of  the  same  year,  George  Avery, 
thirty-eight  years  of  age,  was  killed  by  a  falling  tree.  He 
was  cutting  the  tree  down,  preparing  to  build  on  his  land 
just  beyond  Major  Pratt's.  The  tree  fell  between  two  others 
in  such  a  way  as  to  become  wedged  by  the  force  of  the  fall. 
He  stepped  toward  the  top  to  free  it ;  and  a  single  blow  of 


ACCIDENTS.  321 

his  axe,  with  the  stress  that  was  produced  by  the  manner  of 
its  falling,  broke  the  tree,  and  the  fractured  end  flew  violently 
around  striking  him  in  the  abdomen.  He  died  the  following 
night  in  great  agony. 

1830,  Wednesday,  February  10th,  Samuel  Thrall,  aged 
forty-two,  while  threshing  grain  by  the  tramping  of  horses, 
was  kicked  in  the  bowels,  and  survived  the  accident  but  a 
day  or  two. 

183 1,  Tuesday,  March  15th,  Aurelius  Thrall  was  killed 
while  working  in  a  stone  quarry  near  Newark.  There  was 
considerable  earth  above,  and  an  oak  stump,  under  which  he 
was  working,  to  get  out  as  much  stone  as  he  could  before  it 
should  fall.  His  men  stopped  work,  unwilling  to  incur  the 
danger,  but  he  continued  a  little  too  long.  The  mass  fell 
and  crushed  him. 

Cotton  M.  Thrall,  a  brother  of  the  two  lest  mentioned,  as 
also  of  James  Thrall,  the  second  on  this  list,  having  lived 
here  most  of  his  life,  removed  to  the  neighborhood  of  Berk- 
shire, Delaware  county,  Ohio.  He  was  hauling  wool  to  the 
lake,  when  he  slipped  off  his  load  and  broke  his  neck.  This 
was  just  before  railroads  opened  a  market  for  farm  products 
nearer  home. 

1834,  Thursday,  July  10th,  died  William  Barker,  a  lad  of 
twelve.  He  was  recovering  from  a  fever,  and  while  riding 
out  was  thrown  from  the  carriage,  and  received  injuries  which 
resulted  in  death. 

Monday,  July  14th,  of  the  same  year,  Colonel  Jonathan 
Atwood,  infirm  with  age,  was  killed  in  Broad  Street  while 
trying  to  stop  his  horse  that  had  started  off  before  he  was 
ready.  He  became  entangled  in  the  wheel,  being  wound 
around  with  it  while  in  motion,  and  received  injuries  that 
were  immediately  fatal. 

About  the  same  time  Mrs.  Bigelow  accompanied  her  hus- 
band to  camp-meeting  in  a  conveyance  drawn  by  oxen.  The 
team  became  frightened  and  ran,  and  she  received  injuries 
that  caused  her  death. 


322  ACCIDENTS. 

1837,  Tuesday,  July  4th,  Mrs.  Ruhama  Hayes,  aged 
seventy-one,  was  thrown  from  the  vehicle  in  which  she  was 
riding,  and  her  back  was  broken.  She  survived  but  a  few 
hours.  This  happened  near  the  foot  of  lower  Loudon 
Street. 

Monday,  October  16th,  of  the  same  year,  Marshall  Marsh 
was  accidentally  killed  while  managing  his  canal  boat  in 
some  difficult  position. 

1838,  Saturday,  October  20th,  Samuel  Miller  was  killed  by 
a  rolling  hog  pen,  which  he  was  moving  to  a  new  location. 

Friday,  July  6th,  of  the  same  year,  Mrs.  Prudence  Tyler,  a 
most  excellent  and  Christian  lady,  was  drowned  in  conse- 
quence of  insanity. 

1839,  Joseph  Weeks,  a  lad  of  eight  years,  died  of  hydro- 
phobia. A  large,  strange  dog  came  to  the  premises,  and  he 
was  playing  with  it,  when  it  suddenly  bit  him  in  the  cheek, 
and  in  due  time  the  boy  was  seized  with  convulsions. 

1842,  December  7th,  *a  Mr.  Mayfield  broke  his  neck  by  a 
fall. 

1847,  May  20th,  a  little  girl  three  years  old,  fell  into  the 
cistern  at  Esquire  Gavit's  house,  and  was  drowned.  She  was 
the  daughter  of  a  Mrs.  Gregory  of  Alexandria,  visiting  at 
Mr.  Gavit's. 

1850,  June  4th,  Joel  Lamson,  aged  eighty,  died  from  the 
effects  of  a  fall. 

July  6'th,  of  the  same  year,  and  in  like  manner,  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Ingham. 

The  same  year,  Dick  Ward,  a  soldier  of  the  Mexican  War, 
was  found  dead  on  the  hay-mow  of  Van  Houten's  Hotel, 
with  a  bottle  of  rats-bane  by  his  side. 

In  the  summer  of  this  year,  or  '51,  a  mover's  wagon 
was  passing  through  town,  when  one  of  the  company,  a  lad, 
tried  to  get  a  loaded  gun  out  of  the  wagon ;  in  doing  which 
it  was  discharged,  killing  him  instantly. 

Saturday,  May  8th,  1852,  Dr.  William  S.  Richards,  aged 
sixty-five.   On  Tuesday  preceding,  while  engaged  in  the  hay- 


ACCIDENTS.  323 

loft,  by  a  misstep  he  was  thrown  backward  and  out  of  the 
window  upon  the  ground.  Lighting  upon  his  head  and 
shoulders,  he  received  injuries  from  which  he  died  at  two 
o'clock  Saturday  morning. 

1853,  Monday,  April  18th,  Noah  Herbert,  aged  seventy- 
three,  destroyed  himself  while  under  temporary  insanity. 

Wednesday,  September  21st,  of  the  same  year,  Mrs.  Eliza 
Bynner,  a  lady  of  unusual  culture,  the  mother  of  a  large 
family  of  children,  was  drowned  from  the  effects  of  insanity, 
at  the  age  of  fifty-nine  years. 

1855,  Tuesday,  November  27th,  Mrs.  Edward  Nichol,aged 
seventy-six,  died  from  the  effects  of  burning,  her  clothing 
taking  fire.   * 

About  this  time,  Mr.  Charles  Griffin,  a  man  approaching 
middle  life,  was  hunting  with  his  brother.  They  cut  down 
a  tree,  which,  in  falling,  struck  another  tree,  breaking  a  limb 
which  flew  back,  hitting  him  in  the  forehead  and  killing  him 
instantly. 

1856,  September  23d,  Ephraim  Wood  died  from  the  effects 
of  a  fall ;  aged  eighty. 

1857,  Monday,  February  23d,  Ebenezer  Bland,  twenty-four 
years  of  age,  a  student  at  the  college,  was  crushed  by  a 
water  wheel  at  the  furnace.  Long  after  the  old  works  were 
of  much  practical  utility,  the  water  wheel  was  in  position, 
and  the  young  men  used  to  resort  to  it  for  sport.  By  some 
accident  he  was  carried  down  between  the  wheel  and  the 
stone  wall  of  the  pit  in  which  it  revolved,  and  was  fearfully 
crushed.  He  lived  a  few  hours  and  was  able  to  converse  in 
a  very  few  sentences. 

1858,  August  nth,  Mary,  the  wife  of  Asa  Ward,  aged 
twenty,  and  Nancy  R.,  their  infant  child,  were  drowned  while 
attempting  to  cross  Cherry  Run.  She  was  with  her  husband 
and  was  afraid  to  undertake  the  crossing.  He  thought  there 
was  no  danger  and  started  in.  They  plunged  at  once  into 
the  deepest  part  of  the  stream,  the  current  being  very  rapid. 
They  were  swept  down  and  the  wife  and  child  were  drowned. 


324  ACCIDENTS. 

i860,  Richard  Watkins,  fours  years  old,  died  from  the  effects 
of  a  burn. 

(The  deaths  of  our  soldier  boys  in  battle  are  not  recorded 
here.     These  would  add  a  number  to  the  list). 

1863,  William  Farmer  was  found  frozen  in  his  carriage. 

The  same  year,  a  man  who  was  driving  the  team  of  Mr. 
Kerr  from  Newark  with  a  load  of  coal,  was  found  frozen  to 
death,  the  team  having  turned  into  a  yard  by  the  way. 

September  24th,  of  the  same  year,  Matthew  Adams,  aged 
ninety-two,  died  from  a  fall  and  subsequent  fever. 

1875  (?),  Jasper  Munson,  son  of  Jesse  Munson,  Jr.,  was 
killed  near  Newway,  by  the  running  away  of  his  horses. 

John  Charles,  a  man  past  middle  life,  was  drowned  in  the 
feeder,  opposite  William  Showman's.  Riding  his  horse  in, 
to  water  him,  the  horse  stepped  on  the  bridle,  stumbled  and 
threw  the  rider  into  deep  water. 

Two  young  men,  Worley  and  Jones,  employed  at  the  exca- 
vation for  the  new  railroad,  near  the  old  Munson  mill,  were 
killed  by  the  sudden  caving  of  the  bank  above  them. 

1877,  Friday,  May  18th,  John  James  was  driving  a  team 
down  Granger  Street,  when  the  horses  took  fright  in  conse- 
quence of  the  ring  of  the  neck-yoke  being  too  large  for  the 
wagon  tongue.  The  wagon  ran  against  the  horses.  They 
ran  up  Broad  Street,  part  of  the  way  on  the  sidewalk,  until 
they  reached  a  tree  nearly  in  front  of  the  drug  store.  Mr. 
James  was  thrown  against  the  front  of  the  wagon  with  one 
foot  hanging  outside  and  between  the  bed  and  doubletree. 
The  limb  was  crushed.  As  he  came  near  he  was  evidently 
in  great  suffering  and  unable  to  do  anything.  When  the 
wagon  struck  the  tree,  the  concussion  wrapped  him  around 
the  tree,  and  his  internal  injuries  resulted  in  death  seven 
days  after  the  accident. 

1878,  January  20th,  a  child  of  Harvey  D.  Evans  was  killed 
instantly  by  a  barrel  of  cider  rolling  from  an  elevated  posi- 
tion, falling  on  his  head. 

1878,  July  20th,  the  little  son  of  Mrs.  Clarissa  Evans,  she 


ACCIDENTS.  325 

being  the  daughter  of  Rowland  Hughes,  was  drowned  while 
bathing  in  the  creek. 

July  23d,  same  year,  Benjamin  Davis,  a  citizen  of  Gran- 
ville, who  went  to  Newark  to  attend  the  Soldiers'  Reunion 
of  the  day  before,  was  found  mangled  and  dead  on  the  track 
of  the  B.  &  O.  R.  R.  near  the  west  end  of  the  bridge  at 
Newark.  He  was  supposed  to  have  been  killed  by  a  train, 
but  no  satisfactory  explanation  of  the  manner  of  killing  is 
offered. 

1879,  a  little  boy,  the  son  of  Evan  D.  Evans,  received  in- 
juries while  coasting  that  resulted  in  death  in  a  few  days. 
His  sled  ran  out  of  the  track,  throwing  him  with  great  vio- 
lence against  a  tree. 

On  the  evening  of  Wednesday,  June  9th,  1880,  William 
H.  Sinnet,  son  of  Hon.  John  Sinnet,  was  killed  by  a  train 
on  the  Ohio  Central  R.  R.  The  road  was  just  being  con- 
structed through  the  county.  An  excursion  was  planned  to 
accommodate  those  who  wished  to  go  from  Granville  to  at- 
tend a  Sabbath  School  festival  in  the  evening  at  Alexandria. 
There  being  no  passenger  cars  on  the  road,  the  company 
went  on  platform  cars,  the  construction  train  being  used,  part 
of  the  train  being  loaded  with  ties  and  other  material.  Just 
after  the  train  had  started  on  its  return,  the  engine  pushing 
the  train,  Mr.  Sinnet  was  passing  in  the  darkness  from  one 
car  to  another,  when  it  is  supposed  he  missed  his  footing 
and  fell  between  the  cars  ;  and  the  rest  of  the  train,  including 
the  engine,  passed  over  him. 


326  WAR   OF   THE    REBELLION. 


CHAPTER  XUX. 


Beyond  what  has  already  appeared  in  the  annals,  little 
need  be  said  concerning  the  part  Granville  took  in  the  War  of 
the  Great  Rebellion,  except  to  give  the  register  of  soldiers  she 
furnished.  This  must  necessarily  be  imperfect,  for  no  pains- 
taking could  insure  the  insertion  of  every  name.  Granville's 
sons  enlisted  not  only  at  home,  in  numbers  beyond  her  quota, 
but  wherever  they  were  at  the  time.  All  branches  of  the  ser- 
vice witnessed  their  faithful  and  efficient  work,  and  many  re- 
sponding to  the  call  of  their  country  went  forth  to  battle  and 
returned  no  more.  Particularly  West  Virginia,  Kentucky, 
Tennessee,  and  Mississippi  were  the  theater  of  their. exploits. 
They  carried  their  country's  banner  through  the  hills,  across 
the  Ohio,  under  McClellan,  to  a  speedy  success.  At  Chicka- 
mauga,  their  first  battle,  some  fell  at  the  first  fire  of  the  enemy; 
some  in  instant  death,  and  some  to  lie  and  languish  on  hospital 
cots  in  a  hopeless  wasting  away.  Deep  and  sorrowful  was 
the  thrill  that  chastened  the  village  when  the  wires  reported 
Pratt  and  Paige,  the  Roses,  and  others  gone  by  the  casualties 
of  battle.  French  and  Green,  and  Bean  and  Whitford,  and 
Jones  and  Gooding,  and  others  died  on  other  fields.  Some 
languished  in  Andersonville  and  Libby  prisons.  Young 
lives  went  out  in  defense  of  homes,  and  the  homes,  though 
saved,  were  left  shrouded  in  darkness.  Far  away  be  the  day 
when  those  names  and  those  scars  shall  be  forgotten,  or  the 
Nation  undervalue  the  fearful  price  that  was  paid  for  its  flag 
unrent. 

A  million  lives  went  out 
On  the  battle  field. 
A  blazing  sun 
Shed  relentless  rays  on  the  harvest  yield 

Of  sword  and  bayonet  and  gun. 
No  flag  to-day  would  the  Nation  know 
If  these  were  not. 
And  a  million  more,  I  trow, 


ROSTER.  327 

From  hospital  ward  and  surgeon's  cot 
Together  brought 

In  their  mortal  anguish 
Out  of  the  field  but  lately  fought;  , 

With  the  wasting  forms  that  slowly  languish 

Out  of  the  brake  and  fen, 
Or — of  all  war's  casualties  the  worst — 
From  the  enemy's  horrible  prison  pen, 
Of  God  and  men 
Accurst! 
And  there  are  soldiers'  arms  and  legs 

And  eyes — their  flesh  and  bones! 
And  each  one  begs 
In  ever  rolling  plaintive  tones 
That  you  may  not  fail  to  see  the  price 

Of  the  fair  device 
And  the  refuge  its  folds  proclaim. 
There,  too,  is  the  desolate  hearth, 
Orphans'  cries  and  widows'  moans, 
Yearnings,  heart  pulsations,  worth 
More  than  the  tongue  can  name! 
Look  at  the  countless,  pallid  host, 

The  hopes  that  are  crushed, 
Th^  faces  with  bitter  weeping  flushed, 

The  loved  ones  lost! 
Oh,  lost! 
O,  beautiful  flag,  red,  white  and  blue, 
I  see  these  all  in  thy  stripes  and  stars, 
The  lives  and  losses,  maims  and  scars; 

'Tis  true,  'tis  true, 

Such  is  thy  cost! 

ROSTER. 

Charles  Griffin,  Brevet  Major  General  U.  S.  Regular;  died 
at  Galveston.  Willard  Warner,  Major  of  Seventy-sixth  O.  V. 
I.,  Brigadier  General,  Staff  of  General  Sherman.  Hon.  George 
B.  Wright,  Brigadier  General,  Quartermaster  General  State 
of  Ohio.  Hon.  John  Sinnet,  Captain  Cavalry,  Provost  Mar- 
shal Thirteenth  District;  deceased  September  17th,  1871. 
Albert  Root,   telegraph  operator;  died  at  Lookout  Mountain. 

THIRD  REGIMENT  O.    V.    I.  ENLISTED  APRIL,    1 86 1. 

RICH  MOUNTAIN,  VIRGINIA;    BRIDGEPORT,     ALABAMA;    PERRYSVILLE,  STONE 

RIVER. 

Albert  Asher,   Co.    H;  died  September  4th,  1868.      Charles 


328  ROSTER. 

B.  Case,  Co.  B;  died  in  army,  July  17th,  1864.  James 
McDonald.  Albert  W.  Munson,  Co.  H ;  died  December  23, 
1873. 

TWELFTH    REGIMENT,   O.   V.   I. 

Charles  Donahue;  died  1866. 

SEVENTEENTH    REGIMENT,    O.   V.    I. 
FT.  DONALDSON,  SHILOH,   CORINTH,  VICKSBURG. 

Sylvanus  Emery,  Co.  B;  died.  C.  M.  Goulding ;  quarter- 
master. Piympton  Hitt,  Co.  B.  Lieut.  H.  C.  Knoop,  Co.  B; 
Denison  University;  died  from  effects  of  wound,  near  Charles- 
ton, S.  C.  Lieut.  Nelson  Sinnet,  Co.  B.  George  T.  Hughes, 
Co.  H,  quartermaster;  died,  September  12th,  1872.  Guilford 
Haslop,  Corporal  Co.  B;  killed,  Chickamauga,  September  20th, 
1863.  J.  P.  Butler,  Co.  B;  died  August  4th,  1861.  Wm. 
Wright,  Sergeant  Major  Co.  B;  died  January  1st,  1878. 

NINETEENTH    REGIMENT,   O.   V.   I. 

Abraham  Ikirt,  Co.  K;  died  March  25th.  1868,  from  wound 
at  Pittsburg  Landing. 

TWENTY-SECOND  REGIMENT,  O.  V.   I.       ENLISTED  SEPTEMBER,    l86l. 
FT.  DONALDSON,    SHILOH,  SIEGE  OF   CORINTH,  VICKSBURG. 

Geo.  W.  Asher,  First  Lieutenant  Co.  D.  Frank  Carrier, 
Co.  D.  Leroy  S.  Dibble,  Corporal  Co.  D.  M.  S.  Dibble, 
Drummer  Co.  D.  Geo.  W.  Ephland,  Co.  D;  died  1875.  Dwight 
Follett,  Co.  D;  died  at  St.  Louis.  Benj.  B.  Gardner,  Co.  D; 
died  in  service,  July  29th,  1863.  Matthew  Lyonf  Co.  D;  died 
in  army  August  4th,  1863.  Hiram  Partridge,  Co.  D.  Wm. 
K.  Potter,  Co.  D;  died  in  service,  November  12th,  1863,  at 
Brownsville  Station.  Ark.  Lucius  Robertson,  Co.  D.  Martin 
Slough,  Co.  D.  W/W.  Spelman,  Co.  D.  Lieutenant  E.  E. 
Thomas,  Co.  D;  died  April  16th,  1878.  Geo.  B.  Whiting,  Co. 
D.  Edward  Wolcott,  Sergeant,  Quartermaster;  died  February, 
1873.      Edwin  Wright,  Corporal. 

TWENTY-FOURTH  REGIMENT,   O.   V.   I. 

Dr.  E.  M.  Howland,  Surgeon,  Captain,  Co.  I;  Libby  Prison, 
March  to  the  Sea;  died  from  effect  of  wound  received  from 
bursting  shell. 

R.  F.  Craig,  Co.  F,  Twenty-Sixth  Regiment,  O.  V.  I.  Mar- 
shall M.  Wilcox,  Co.  H,  Thirty-First  Regiment,  O.  V.  I,  ;  died 
September  8th,  1875.  H.  A.  Church,  Co.  K,  Fifty-Second 
Regiment,  O.  V.  I.  David  G.  Davis,  Co.  G,  Sixty-Second 
Regiment,  O.  V.  I. 


ROSTER.  329 

SEVENTY  SIXTH    REGIMENT,   O.   V.    I.      ENLISTED    OCTOBER,    1 86 1. 

FT.   DONALDSON,  SHILOH,  CORINTH,  VICKSBURG. 

Samuel  A.  Asher,  Co.  B.  William  Baker,  Co.  B.  Walter 
S.  Barrick.  George  W.  Bean,  Co.  K;  killed  at  Arkansas  Post. 
John  F.  Belt,  Co.  K;  Color  Bearer  at  Shiloh.  Jonathan  Clif- 
ton. Co.  K,  veteran;  died  April  26th,  1864,  Woodland  Ala- 
bama. Lorin  M.  Cooley,  Co.  B;  died  in  service  1861. 
Thomas  J.  Davis,  Co.  K.  Joseph  Ephland,  Co.  H ;  died  March, 
1879.  William  Edwards;  died  at  Shiloh,  May  3d,  1862.  Lewis 
Follett,  Co.  B.  Norman  Gregory,  Co.  K.  George  S.  Green ; 
killed  at  Mission  Ridge.  Caton  Hill,  Co.  C;  wounded;  died 
March  22d,  1866  Ezra  Hill,  Co.  K;  died  in  service  Novem- 
ber, 1863.  Thomas  Jarrett,  Co.  B.  Allen  Jarrett,  Co.  K; 
died  in  Cincinnati,  June  6th,  1862.  Daniel  Jones,  Co.  K. 
John  H.  Jones,  Co.  K;  died  in  service.  Griffith  H.  Jones; 
died  in  service.  Stephen  Jones,  Co.  K;  died  April  nth,  1862, 
from  effects  of  exposure  at  battle  of  Ft.  Donaldson.  Joseph 
Kelvey.  Thomas  H.  Mead.  I.  J.  Metzger,  Captain  Co.  B; 
wounded  in  elbow.  Newton  Minton ;  died  in  army.  James 
Matthews,  Co.  B.  Benjamin  S.  Marshall,  Co.  K.  Cyrus  W. 
Morey,  Co.  K.  G.  Adolphus  Munson,  Co.  C;  died  in  service 
March  23d,  1863.  Lawrence  Murry,  Co.  K.  Frank  Munson, 
Co.  K;  died  in  service  May  30th,  1862.  Harvey  Northrup, 
Co.  K.  Wesley  Niberger,  Co.  K.  William  Roberts,  Co.  B. 
Z.  T.  Ramey,  Co.  C.  Lucian  C.  Rose,  Sergeant  Co.  K;  died. 
William  H.  Rose,  Co.  H.  Timothy  Rose,  Co.  B.  Marcus 
Root,  Co.  B.  William  Seadars,  Co.  H.  David  Seadars,  Co. 
H.  Hiram  Webb,  Co.  B.  Louis  S.  Talbot,  Co.  C,  Lyman 
Turner;  died  1862.  David  Whitford ;  died  at  Monterey,  May 
16th,  1862;  John  Woods,  Co.  K;  died  1868.  Wallace  Warden, 
Co.  K.  John  B.  Woods,  Co.  K,  musician;  died.  W.  S. 
Wright,  Lieutenant;  died  June,  1878.  H.  D.  Wright,  Quarter- 
master.    Theodore  T.  Wright,  Co.  H. 

SEVENTY  EIGHTH    REGIMENT    O.    V.     I. 

Eli  Butler,  Co.  I;  died  in  service  March  25th,  1862.  Oscar 
Cole,  Co,  I.  Samuel  DeWolf,  Second  Lieutenant,  Co.  I;  died 
January  15th,  1864.  Henry  Hampshire,  Co.  I;  died  in  service 
May,  1863.  Jacob  Hollinger,  Co.  I;  died  in  service  April  12th, 
1862.  Charles  Spelman,  Co.  I;  died.  John  A.  Weston, 
Corporal. 

EIGHTY  EIGHTH    REGIMENT    O.     N.    G. 

Thomas  Davis,  Co.  E.     D.  H.  Evans,  Co.  E.     C.  P.  Grims- 
31 


330  ROSTER. 

ley,  Sergeant,  Co.  E.  Benjamin  W.  Hill,  Co.  E;  died  August 
26th,  1865.  Hon.  Henry  Howe,  Lieutenant,  Co.  E.  R.  A. 
Lloyd,  Co.  E.  Nicholas  Pond,  Co.  E.  John  W.  Starr,  Co.  E. 
John  A.  Williams,  Co.  E;  died. 

Dr.  Edwin  Sinnett,  Major,  Surgeon,  Ninety-fourth  Regi- 
ment O.  V.  I.  Aurelius  Peters,  Color  Bearer,  Ninety-sixth 
Regiment  O.  V.  I.  James  M.  Boyles,  Co.  F,  One  Hundred 
and  Tenth  Regiment  O.  V.  I. 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND  THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT,  O.  V.  I. 
ENLISTED  SEPTEMBER,  1862. 

Chickamauga.  Was  particularly  exposed.  Company  D 
went  into  battle  with  forty-seven,  and  came  out  with  eleven 
killed,  prisoners,  or  detailed  to  special  duty. 

W.  H.  H.  Avery,  Co.  D.  Leroy  S.  Bancroft,  Co.  D.  Charles 
F.  Carrier,  Co.  D;  died.  Henry  C.  Case,  Co.  D.  L.  H.  Clouse, 
Co.  D.  Andrew  J.  Chambers,  Co.  D.  F.  J.  Cressy,  Sergeant 
Co.  D;  Captain  Colored  United  States  Troops.  Nelson  Durant, 
Lieutenant  Co.  F;  lost  an  arm;  Captain  Co.  I.  F.  A.  Eno, 
First  Lieutenant  Co.  D ;  resigned  January  31, 1863.  Isaac  Evans, 
Corporal  Co.  D.  Thomas  J.  Evans,  Co.  D.  John  E.  Evans 
Co.  D.  George  W.  Flaharda,  Co.  D.  Rodney  Flaharda.  Co. 
D.  Shephard  Fulton,  Co.  D.  George  Gardner,  Co.  D  David 
Giddings,  Co.  I;  died  December,  1873.  C.  W.  Gooding, 
Sergeant  Co.  D;  killed  at  Chickamauga,  September  20th.  1863. 
Moses  Goodrich,  Sergeant  Co.  D.    G.  A.  Graves,  Co.  D.   Charles 

C.  Hays,  Co.  D.  Heman  Hobart,  Co.  D.  Burton  Huson, 
Corporal  Co.  D.  Thomas  A.  Jones,  Co.  D.  Albert  Kneeland, 
Co.    D.      H.  G.  Kneeland,  Co.  D.     Thomas  H.  McBride,  Co. 

D.  Charles  Marshall,  Co.  D.  Madison  C.  Messenger.  Isaac 
S.  Minton,  Co.  D;  missing;  supposed  to  have  been  killed  at 
Chickamauga.  William  Minton,  Co.  D;  died  at  Watrace. 
Matthias  Montonye,  Co.  D;  obtained  substitute.  Hon.  M.-M. 
Munson,  Captain  Co.  D;  resigned  January  21st,  1863.  G.  F. 
Nelson,  Co.  D;  Quartermaster  in  United  States  Colored.     W. 

B.  Newbury,  Co.  D.    James  Partridge,  Sergeant  Co.  D.    Henry 

C.  Paige,  Co.  D.  Hiram  Paige;  killed  at  Chickamauga. 
Charles  D.  Parker.  James  S.  Ports,  Sergeant  Co.  D.  William 
Ports,  Co.  D.  A.J.  Powell,  Co.  D;  Lieutenant  United  States 
colored.  Lyman  B.  Pratt,  Corporal  Co.  D;  killed  at  Chicka 
mauga,   September    20th,    1863,    at    first    fire    of    the   enemy. 


ROSTER.  331 

Samuel  Richards,  Co.  D;  died  in  service,  June  2d,  1864. 
Albert  Rose,  Co.  D;  died  at  Nashville,  March  3d,  1863. 
Daniel  Rose,  Corporal  Co.  D;  killed  at  Chickamauga,  Septem- 
ber 20th,  1863.  Gilman  Rose,  Co.  D.  Lucien  Rose,  Co.  D. 
Samuel  L.  Rose,  Sergeant  Co.  D;  wounded  at  Chickamauga, 
died  October  1st,  1863.  Warren  C.  Rose,  Corporal  Co.  D.  E. 
W.  Showman,  Co.  D;  lost  an  arm.  Charles  Sinnet,  Second 
Lieutenant  Co.  D;  Captain  in  Pioneer  Company.  W.  H.  Starr, 
Co.  D.  Elias  Thomas,  Corporal  Co.  D.  John  Wamsley,  Co. 
D;  also  in  Seventy-sixth  Regiment;  died  April  7th,  1878.  S. 
H.  Wilcox,  Co.  D.  W.  F.  Williams,  Co.  D.  G.  A.  Wilson, 
Co.  D.      Theodore  Worden,  Co.  D. 

ONE    HUNDRED   AND   THIRTY-FIFTH   REGIMENT,  O.  N.  G. 

John  Davis,  Co.  B;  Andersonville;  reduced  to  a  mere  skele- 
ton; died  at  home,  January  1st,  1865.  D.  W.  Jones,  Co.  C. 
Nicholas  H.  Pond.  Martin  L.  Root,  Co.  D.  E.  Scott,  Co.  C. 
Theodore  T.  Wright,  Co.  C.      Henry  Dibble,  Co.  D. 

COMPANY   F. —  U.  S.  V.  V.  ENGINEERS. 

Isaac  N.  DeBow;  Israel  DeWolf;  Hiram  Lefevre;  Adam 
Ports;  Lucius  Smith;  J.  W.  Schwab;  Arthur  Thompson  ;  Charles 
Williams,  died  November  25th,   1873;    Horace  M.  Wolcott. 

UNITED   STATES   COLORED   TROOPS. 
Job  Paige. 

FIRST   OHIO   VOLUNTEER   CAVALRY. 

Daniel  Shobbel,  Co.  E;  killed  at  Lovejoy  Station,  Alabama, 
1864. 

E.  T.  W.  Green,  Co.  E,  Tenth  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry. 

Rev.  T.  J.  Shephard;  Orderly  Sergeant  and  Chaplain.  Josiah 
French;  enlisted  in  Illinois;  killed  at  Kenesaw  Mountain,  June 
27th,  1864.  William  Sinnet,  Camp  Chase;  died.  Reese  H. 
Turner.  Captain  Turner,  Cavalryman;  burrowed  out  of  An- 
dersonville; died  July  17th,  1864  E.  B.  Andrews,  President 
Denison  University,  Artilleryman.  Homer  Minton,  Second 
Ohio  Heavy  Artillery.  Milton  Hough,  Second  Ohio  Heavy 
Artillery.  John  V.  Morrison,  Lieutenant  Co.  C,  One  Hundred 
and  Seventy-eighth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  ;  Sergeant  Quarter- 
master; died  December  9th,  1868  Orris  Dibble,  One  Hun- 
dred and  Fourth  Illinois;  died.  Evan  Davis;  last  heard  from 
at  battle  of  Nashville,  1864  Thomas  Evans.  Joseph  W, 
Sinnet;  enlisted  in  Illinois, 


332  FIRES. 

CHAPTER  L. 

OIvLA   PODRIDA. 

I.    Fires. 

About  1815,  the  frame  part  of  Major  Grove  Case's  house 
took  fire  and  was  consumed.  This  has  been  described  as  the 
first  frame  house  built  within  the  limits  of  the  village.  It 
was  erected  by  Esquire  Spelman  in  1807.  The  fire  caught 
from  the  chimney,  and  was  not  discovered  until  the  family 
had  retired  for  the  night.  A  large  quantity  of  tallow  in  the 
pantry  near  the  chimney  was  melting  and  just  ready  to  burn. 
The  water  thrown  to  extinguish  the  fire  scattered  the  tallow 
and  flames,  and  the  family  barely  escaped  from  that  part  of 
the  building.  Help  arriving,  the  front  part  of  the  house, 
which  was  brick,  was  saved. 

About  1834,  a  small  fire  engine  was  purchased  by  the  cit- 
izens, a  fire  company  was  formed,  uniformed  and  drilled 
under  a  young  Griffith,  nephew  of  A.  P.  Prichard,  from 
Philadelphia.  A  supply  of  leather  buckets  for  carrying  water 
was  procured.  But  fires  were  scarce,  the  machinery  got  out 
of  order  and  the  enthusiasm  of  drill  died  away.  The  whole 
outfit  was  suffered  to  go  into  decay. 

In  April,  1857,  the  shop  occupied  by  B.  B.  Loar,  in  the  rear 
of  the  Methodist  Church,  was  burned. 

March,  i860,  the  two  story  frame  house  on  the  old  college 
farm,  used  in  college  times  for  recitations,  was  burned. 

November  6th,  i860,  the  dwelling  of  Samuel  Moore  on 
upper  Loudon  was  consumed. 

June  2d,  1866,  the  dwelling  of  Mr.  D.  C.  C.  Wright,  just 
south  of  the  square  (formerly  Sereno  Wright's),  was  totally 
destroyed. 

November  13th,  1872,  just  before  midnight,  the  house 
belonging  to  L.  Bushnell,  occupied  by  Mrs.  Root,  caught 
fire,  as  is  supposed,  from  the  emptying  of  a  tobacco  pipe  into 


FIRES.  333 

the  woodhouse  after  taking  a  smoke.  Twelve  hundred  dol- 
lars' damages  were  allowed  by  the  underwriters. 

February  22d,  1873,  the  frame  dwelling  of  Mrs.  Bonnet 
(formerly  Prof.  Carter's)  on  Columbus  road  was  totally  de- 
stroyed by  fire. 

About  this  time  Mr.  Williams'  barn,  on  the  Welsh  Hills, 
was  burned. 

The  dwelling  of  Mr.  Parsons  on  Centerville  Street  was 
burned  to  the  ground. 

A  fire  at  the  County  Infirmary  occasioned  the  death  of  sev- 
eral inmates,  among  whom  were  two  citizens  of  Granville, 
both  insane,  Erixena  Phelps  and  a  son  of  Mr.  Anthony 
Carroll. 

November  7th,  1875,  the  dwelling  owned  by  B.  R.  Ban- 
croft on  Liberty  Street,  occupied  by  Rev.  Charles  Rhoades, 
was  discovered  to  be  on  fire  at  ten  o'clock  Sunday  morning, 
supposed  from  a  defective  flue.     It  was  entirely  consumed. 

April  2d,  1875,  the  burning  of  the  old  Court  House  in 
Newark,  added  largely  to  the  burden  of  tax-paying  citizens, 
which  was  not  relieved  at  all  when  the  new  and  elegant 
structure  erected  in  its  place  was  greatly  damaged  by  a  sec- 
ond fire,  requiring  very  heavy  repairs. 

February  8th,  1877,  the  house  of  Mrs.  Schultz  in  the  north- 
west corner  of  town,  took  fire  from  a  defective  flue.  Damage 
about  $50. 

February  23d,  1877,  the  dwelling  owned  by  Sidney  Fowle, 
southwest  of  town,  was  entirely  consumed  by  fire. 

March  25th,  1877,  Sunday  morning,  Thomas  McDonald's 
dwelling,  in  the  east  part  of  town,  took  fire  on  the  roof.  The 
loss  was  made  good  by  the  citizens. 

May  16th,  1877,  the  dwelling  owned  by  Mrs.  Knowles  L,in- 
nel,  on  Bowery  Street,  caught  fire  from  defective  flue. 

Saturday,  ten  o'clock  A.  M.,  July  14th,  1877,  tne  dwelling 
of  Wm.  Iyyon,  on  Equality  Street,  was  burned,  together  with 
some  household  goods. 

June  7th,  1877,  five  o'clock  p.  m.,  a  slight  fire,cause  unknown, 


334  FIRES. 

occurred  in  the  dwelling  of  Sylvester  Clark,  on  Granger 
Street. 

Sunday,  August  nth,  1877,  three  o'clock  p.  m.,  the  barn  of. 
Jonathan  Jones,  on  Columbus  road,  was  burned,  with  hay 
and  a  cow ;  supposed  to  be  spontaneous  combustion. 

September  30th,  1877,  soon  after  midnight,  a  house  be- 
longing to  Mrs.  Minerva  Thomas,  on  Green  Street,  unoccu- 
pied, was  found  to  be  on  fire.     Loss  slight. 

October  19th,  1877,  the  same  house  was  found  to  be  burn- 
ing about  four  o'clock  A.  m.  This  time  it  was  consumed,  but 
the  loss  was  covered  by  insurance. 

December  30th,  1877,  Sunday,  four  o'clock  p.  m.,  a  barn  on 
the  old  college  farm,  belonging  to  B.  S.  Franklin,  was  burned. 

March  22d,  1878,  three  o'clock  p.  m.,  the  roofs  of  two  adjoin- 
ing houses  in  the  west  end  of  town,  were  found  to  be  on  fire  ; 
damage  slight. 

April  17th,  1878,  the  dwelling  of  M.  M.  Munson,  Esq.,  on 
Centerville,  was  found  to  be  on  fire  in  the  hatchway  leading 
to  the  cellar,  and  was  in  great  danger  of  being  consumed. 
It  started  through  the  thoughtlessness  of  a  little  son  of  his, 
who  was  imitating  the  process  of  kindling  a  fire  which  had 
interested  him. 

June  14th,  1878,  three  o'clock  A.  m.,  an  unoccupied  house 
near  the  north  end  of  Granger  Street,  belonging  to  Mr.  Hess, 
was  burned  to  the  ground. 

February  16th,  1879,  the  house  of  T.  J.  Thomas,  half  a  mile 
northeast  of  town,  was  found  to  be  on  fire  in  the  early  morn- 
ing, and  was  totally  consumed.  Loss  covered  by  insurance ; 
origin  unknown. 

March  20th  1879,  there  was  a  slight  fire  on  the  roof  of  the 
house  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Broad  and  Liberty  Streets, 
formerly  Dr.  Paul  Bager's. 

April  1st,  1879,  another  slight  fire  on  the  roof  of  B.  B. 
Loar's  dwelling,  on  Morning  Street. 

July  20th,  1879,  early  Sunday  morning,  a  wheat  stack 
belonging  to  Mr.  T.  J.  Thomas  and  Mr.  Hess,  was  consumed 
by  fire. 


HOTELS.  335 

July  29th,  1879,  at  a  late  hour,  the  barn  of  Mrs.  Minerva 
Thomas  was  struck  by  lightning  and  consumed  with  its 
contents. 

II.  Hotels. 

In  the  early  times,  almost  any  pioneer  would  incommode 
himself  and  family  for  the  purpose  of  accommodating  a 
traveler,  most  of  that  class  being  men  looking  for  new  homes. 

About  the  first  systematic  effort  to  accommodate  the  trav- 
eling public  was  by  Wm.  Gavit,  Esq.,  while  living  still  in 
his  cabin.  His  stable  was  only  a  hitching  pole  with  feeding 
troughs. 

The  next  was  by  Judge  Rose  when  he  built  his  two-story 
frame  house  in  1808.  It  continued  to  be  a  public  house  for 
a  number  of  years.  Benjamin  Cook,  Esq.,  succeeded  him 
as  a  host. 

The  third  tavern  was  kept  by  Major  Grove  Case  at  the 
northeast  corner  of  Broad  and  Green  Streets.  This  was  as 
early  as  181 2,  and  it  continued  a  tavern  stand  for  years. 

The  fourth  stand  was  on  the  south  side  of  Broad  Street, 
in  the  east  part  of  town,  where  Mr.  Buxton  is  now  located. 
The  house  was  put  up  by  Orrin  Granger,  about  181 2,  who 
was  the  landlord  for  some  time.  In  1818,  after  the  death  of 
Mr.  Granger,  Colonel  Alpheus  Jewett  had  charge  of  it.  A 
year  or  two  later,  Messrs.  Abbott  &  Wing  were  the  propri- 
etors.    In  1827,  ^  was  in  the  hands  of  C.  C.  Rose. 

The  fifth  was  the  frame  hotel  on  the  south  side  of  Broad, 
where  the  business  blocks  now  are.  It  was  first  occupied  by 
Ralph  Granger,  and  afterward  by  Charles  French. 

The  sixth  was  the  brick  building  on  the  northeast  corner 
of  Broad  and  Prospect  Streets,  built  by  George  Case  and 
finished  by  Wing  &  Granger.  William  Wing  was  the  first 
proprietor,  followed  by  R.  Granger.  Then  for  a  time  it  was 
the  private  residence  of  Elias  Fassett.  Samuel  Boardman 
re-opened  the  hotel  about  1834.  He  was  followed  by  Julius 
Coleman,  in  1837,  and  he  by  Silas  Bush  in  1840. 


336 


POSTMASTERS. 


Postmasters. 

i. 

Hon.  Timothy  Rose 

2. 

Hon.  William  Gavit    . 

3- 

Daniel  Baker,  Esq. 

4- 

Sereno  Wright    . 

5- 

George  W.  Ells,  Esq. 

6. 

A.  P.  Wightman 

7- 

A.  P.  Prichard 

8. 

G.  B.  Johnson 

9- 

Hon.  A.  E.  Rogers 

IO. 

George  Tight 

ii. 

Darwin  M.  Humphrey 

12. 

John  Beck     . 

13- 

Howard  Howe 

14. 

George  B.  Whiting 

15. 

Dr.  W.  H.  Sedgwick 

III. 

1806. 
1807. 

1814. 
1818. 
1837. 

i«4i. 

1842. 
1849. 

1853. 
1854. 
1855. 
i860. 
1861. 
1866. 
1876. 

IV.    Golden  Weddings. 

Of  these,  only  four  have  been  celebrated  within  the  town- 
ship. 

The  first  to  be  observed  was  that  of  Deacon  G.  P.  Bancroft, 
and  his  wife,  Jane  Little  Bancroft.  They  were  married  at 
Lewis  Lake,  Pennsylvania,  Thursday,  January  27th,  1814. 
A  few  friends  gathered  with  them  to  observe  the  golden 
wedding  in  1864.  More  prominent  was  the  pearl  wedding 
of  1874;  an^  still  more  so  the  sixty-sixth  anniversary  in 
1880,  when  about  fifty  friends  of  long  standing  assembled  to 
surprise  them  and  rejoice  with  them.  They  met  at  the  old 
homestead  on  Equality  Street,  from  which  their  children  had 
gone  forth  to  mingle  in  the  world  throngs,  all  but  one  of 
them  having  preceded  them  to  the  spirit  land,  and  that  one 
too  far  away  to  join  in  the  festivities.  Mr.  Bancroft  was  at 
the  time  eighty-eight  years  of  age,  and  his  bride  was  eighty- 
six.  A  brother  of  the  groom  and  a  sister  of  the  bride  were 
present  who  were  at  the  wedding  sixty-six  years  ago ;  in  the 
company  were  twenty  who  were  over  seventy.  Mr. 
Bancroft's  step  is  still  as  elastic  as  a  boy's,  he  is  quick  of 


GOLDEN   WEDDINGS.  337 

speech,  and  still  files  a  saw  as  well  as  any  man,  and  both  of 
them  are  as  regularly  at  church  by  day  as  most  of  the 
younger  families. 

May  21st,  187 1,  Rowland  Hughes  and  his  wife  Gertrude 
celebrated  their  golden  wedding,  gathering  around  them  a 
large  band  of  children  and  grand-children  for  the  festivities 
of  the  occasion.  They  were  married  in  Wales,  and  there 
their  first  child  was  born,  now  the  wife  of  Rev.  William  C. 
Shephard,  of  Granville. 

On  Wednesday,  the  21st  of  February,  1872,  Mr.  Ashley  A. 
Bancroft  and  Mrs.  Lucy  D.  Howe  Bancroft  celebrated  their 
golden  wedding  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  at  the  home  of  their 
son,  H.  H.  Bancroft.  Remarks  were  made  by  several  clergy- 
men, and  a  paper  was  read  by  the  son  just  named.  u  All  of 
the  family  had  not  been  together  before  for  more  than  twenty 
years." 

On  Thursday,  the  27th  of  March,  1873,  Mr-  Henry  L,. 
Bancroft  and  Mrs.  Almena  Rose  Bancroft  celebrated  their 
golden  wedding,  many  friends  having  responded  to  their  invi- 
tation to  participate  with  them  in  their  family  rejoicings. 
There  were  present  with  them  six  who  were  present  at  the 
wedding  of  1823.  The  on^Y  son>  Barber  R.  Bancroft,  was 
living  in  California ;  the  oldest  daughter,  Mrs.  Harriet  A. 
Kerr,  had  deceased  in  1867;  Miss  Amelia,  the  youngest 
daughter,  was  present;  as  also  the  children  of  Mrs.  Kerr. 
Remarks  were  made  by  the  pastor,  Rev.  A.  S.  Dudley,  the 
principal  of  the  Female  College,  Rev.  Geo.  H.  Webster,  and 
by  M.  M.  Munson,  Esq.  A  copy  of  the  newspaper,  The 
Wanderer,  published  the  morning  after  the  marriage,  and 
containing  a  notice  of  it,  was  shown  to  the  company. 

The  next  golden  wedding  was  that  of  Mr.  Wm.  Cramer, 
Tuesday,  December  nth,  1877.  A  large  company  of  relatives 
and  friends  assembled  at  his  residence  and  enjoyed  with  them 
a  turkey  dinner  and  the  reminiscences  of  the  past.  Two 
children  are  yet  living  and  four  are  dead.  Bight  grand-chil- 
dren are  living  and  one  is  dead.     The  living  descendants, 


338  students'  freaks. 

with  a  sister  and  a  brother  and  his  wife,  were  present  on  the 
occasion.  The  latter  three  were  present  at  the  wedding  in 
1827. 

The  golden  wedding  of  Grove  Case  and  wife  was  observed 
by  their  friends  in  a  surprise  visit. 

Harvey  Bragg  and  wife  completed  the  golden  cycle,  but 
made  no  observance  of  the  day. 

Prosper  Rose,  Justin  Hillyer  and  Truman  Hillyer,  with 
their  wives,  observed  like  occasions  in  their  several  homes 
away  from  Granville,  all  being  in  the  colony  in  their  younger 
years. 

Theophilus  L,ittle  and  wife  celebrated  their  golden  wedding 
March  29th,  1875,  while  living  in  Granville. 

V.  Students'  Freaks. 

Among  the  amusing  things  that  occasionally  invite  the 
attention  of  the  people  of  Granville,  yet  have  no  particular 
place  in  its  chronicles,  are  the  mock  funeral  parades  of  the 
University  students  on  the  occasion  of  finishing  some  text 
book  of  the  curriculum.  There  is  implied  a  quiet  rejoicing 
at  having  completed  an  irksome  task  and  a  hope  that  they 
will  no  more  come  in  contact  with  it.  The  general  features 
of  the  occasion  are  the  night  parades  ;  the  text  book  conspic- 
uously borne  in  the  habiliments  of  the  grave ;  the  burial  (or 
cremation)  with  orations,  and  the  return  of  the  mock  mourn- 
ers to  their  lodgings.  The  details  are  varied  to  suit  the 
whims  of  the  classes.  The  perfection  of  the  performance  in 
their  eyes  would  seem  to  be  a  slow  and  stately  moving  pro- 
cession at  the  dead  of  night,  keeping  step  to  the  beat  of  a 
muffled  drum  that  strikes  its  solemn  sound  about  every  fourth 
or  sixth  step,  each  participant  being  enveloped  in  a  sheet 
from  top  to  toe  and  wearing  a  very  tall  paper  cap  on  the 
head,  each  bearing  also  a  flaming  torch ;  at  the  head  of  the 
procession  being  perhaps  an  illuminated  coffin  or  other 
device,  bearing  the  defunct  text  book.  The  citizen  aroused 
from  a  quiet  slumber  in  the  still  hours  of  the  night,  by  the 


OUR  CEMETERIES.  339 

regular,  slow  beating  of  the  drum,  growing  ominously  louder 
as  it  comes  nearer,  looking  out  upon  such  a  procession  of 
ghostly'beings,  moving  mechanically  through  the  midnight 
darkness,  can  imagine  nothing  more  weird.  Much  is  often 
detracted  from  the  effect  by  an  accompanying  crowd  of 
boisterous  gamins,  throwing  the  procession  into  disorder. 

Aside  from  the  sacredness  of  that  which  is  travestied  by 
this  procedure,  there  is  not  so  much  in  it  that  is  objectionable 
as  in  another  irregular  demonstration  which  sometimes  seeks 
the  public  eye  on  commencement  occasions  in  the  form  of  a 
pasquinade.  Could  the  perpetrators  of  this  last  see  how  the 
public  abhor  the  indelicacy  and  profanity  of  these  produc- 
tions ;  how  aimless  their  lampoons  seem  to  be,  and  how, 
withal,  they  fail  of  producing  any  effect  on  the  estimation 
with  which  their  teachers  are  regarded,  they  would  take  less 
pains  to  make  themselves  offensive  to  the  community. 

In  this  connection  it  is  proper  to  say  that  the  citizens  hold 
themselves  greatly  indebted  to  the  faculties  and  students  of 
the  University,  the  Female  College,  and  the  Young  Ladies* 
Institute  for  the  pleasure  afforded  by  their  courses  of  literary 
and  scientific  lectures,  society  exhibitions,  and  musical  enter- 
tainments so  often  offered  for  patronage,  or  freely  given  for 
their  enjoyment. 

VI.  Our  Cemeteries. 

i.  The  Colony  Burial  Ground  was  laid  out  at  the  first, 
and  began  to  be  used  the  second  year  of  the  settlement.  It 
was  rapidly  filled,  not  because  of  mortality  in  the  colony,  but 
because  it  was  used  by  a  large  scope  of  country,  and  families 
who  had  removed  from  the  place  long  continued  to  bring 
back  their  dead  that  their  ashes  might  rest  with  the  remains 
of  others  who  had  gone  before.  Though  other  cemeteries 
are  opened,  these  grounds  still  continue  to  be  used. 

2.  The  Welsh  Hills  Cemetery.  The  location  has  already 
been  described.  It  is  well  kept,  has  many  fine  monuments 
of  expensive  style  and  material,  and  is  justly  the  pride  of 
our  Welsh  fellow-citizens.     [P.  ijj.] 


340  EARLIEST  BORN. 

3.  The  Philipps  Cemetery.  This  is  located  near  the  north- 
east corner  of  the  township.  The  land  was  given  by  Mr. 
Samuel  J.  Philipps,  and  the  first  burial  was  the  child  of  Mr. 
Simon  James.  The  culture  and  appointments  of  this  cem- 
etery are  not  quite  so  imposing  as  the  others. 

4.  The  College  Cemetery  lies  in  the  northwest  corner  of 
the  corporation.  It  is  small,  and  designed  as  a  burial  place 
for  those  who  die  while  connected  with  the  University.  Here 
lie  the  remains  of  three  Presidents  —  Pratt,  Going  and  Tal- 
bot ;  one  Professor,  John  Stevens ;  three  students  who  died 
while  here,  and  several  younger  members  of  families  con- 
nected with  the  College. 

5.  Maple  Grove  Cemetery.  A  plat  of  it  is  seen  in  the 
map  of  the  town.  It  is  beautifully  laid  out  and  kept. 
Hither  have  been  removed  the  remains  of  many  previously 
buried  elsewhere.  Many  imposing  and  costly  monuments 
dot  the  ground.  A  fund  is  accumulating  which  provides  for 
suitable  care  of  the  grounds  in  perpetuo. 

VII.  Soldiers  of  the  Regular  Army. 

J.  A.  Carter,  Franklin  Scott,  Scott  Zelhart,  W.  L.  Hayes, 
William  Rogers,  H.  A.  Church,  Charles  Griffin,  John  Kidd. 

VIII.  Mexican  War. 

J.  A.  Carter,  Thomas  Efland,  Dick  Ward,  Levi  Hill,  Rich- 
ard George,  James  Matthews. 

IX.  The  earliest  born  of  those  who  have  made  a  home 
in  Granville  township,  are  probably  as  follows : 

1.  Mrs.  Love  Baker,      .         .        born  1734;  died  1815;  aged  81. 

2.  Mrs.  Abigail  Sweatman, 
f  James  Sinnet, 

3#\  Nathan  Allyn, 
4.     Jesse  Munson, 

f  Samuel  Everit,  Sr., 
5"  \  Mrs.  M.  Everit,       . 

6.  Theophilus  Rees, 

7.  Mrs.  Miriam  Munson, 

8.  Mrs.  Susanna  Graves, 


'  1738;  " 

1809; 

•'  71. 

'}i74o{ ;; 

1810; 
1814; 

"  70. 

«  74. 

*  1741;  " 

1813; 

11  72. 

!}i742;  " 

1812; 

"  70. 

1  1744;  " 

1814; 

11  70. 

■  1746;  " 

1830; 

"   84. 

1   1747;   " 

1838; 

"  91. 

THE   F.  F.  G'S.  341 


CHAPTER  LI. 

The  following  is  thought  to  be  a  complete  roll  of  the 
descendants  of  the  first  settlers  now  living  in  Granville. 
[1880.] 

HON.   TIMOTHY    ROSE. 

Deacon  T.  M.  Rose,  son,  Frank  Rose,  great-grandson;  Miss 
Amelia  Bancroft,  granddaughter;  Misses  Rosa  and  Abby  Kerr, 
great-grand-daughters;  Joseph  Kerr,  great-grand-son;  Mrs. 
Samantha  Hadley  and  Miss  Lydia  Rose,  granddaughters;  Mrs. 
Helen  Ewing  and  Mrs.  Julia  James,  great-grand-daughters;  and 
infant  daughter  of  the  latter;  Mrs.  Samantha  Stedman  Wright, 
grand-daughter;  Mr.  Edgar  Wright  and  wife,  great-grand-son 
and  daughter. 

MR.   ETHAN  BANCROFT. 

Mr.  L.  Edwin  Bancroft,  son;  Mrs,  Elizabeth  Reed,  grand- 
daughter, and  Mr.  Edwin  Reed,  great-grand-son;  Mrs.  Lucy 
Vance,  grand-daughter,  and  Mary,  Anna,  Ruth,  and  Alice, 
great-grand-daughters;  Mrs.  Mary  Rose,  grand  daughter,  and 
infant  child,  great  grand-son,  (also  of  Deacon  Lemuel  Rose); 
Mrs.  Martha  Moore,  grand-daughter,  and  Edwin  and  Willis, 
great-grand-sons,  and  Carrie  and  Hannah,  great-grand-daughters; 
Mrs.  Julia  Wolcott,  grand-daughter,  and  two  children,  great- 
grand-sons,  (also  of  Deacon  Silas  Winchel). 

DEACON    SILAS    WINCHEL. 

Mr.  Horace  Wolcott,  grand-son,  and  two  children,  great- 
grand-sons,  (also  of  Mr.  Ethan  Bancroft). 

CAPTAIN    LEVI    ROSE. 

Deacon  William  Rose,  son;  Mrs.  Thorne,  grand-daughter, 
and  Frank  and  John  Thorne,  great-grand- sons,  and  Mary  and 
Jennie,  great-grand-daughters;  Burton  Case,  grand-son,  and 
one  child,  great-grand-son. 

DEACON    LEMUEL    ROSE. 

Luther  Rose,  grand-son;  and  three  sons,  great-grandsons; 
Christopher  R.  Stark,  grand-son,  three  sons,  great-grand-sons; 
Reuben  Linnell,  grand-son,  (also  of  Joseph  Linnell) ;  Albert 
Linnell,  great-grand-son,  and  Miss  Laura  Linnell,  great-grand- 
daughter. 


342  THE   F.  F.  G'S. 

MR.  JOB    CASE. 

Mrs.  Erastus  Allyn,  daughter,  Mrs.  Jenkyn  Edwards,  daugh- 
ter;  sons  of  William  Case,  grand-sons. 

DEACON    SAMUEL    EVERIT. 

Samuel  Everett,  grand-son/and  children,  great  grand-children. 

TIMOTHY   SPELMAN,  ESQ. 

Gilman  Granger,  grand-son;  Ralph  Granger,  grand-son, 
Katie  Granger,  great-grand-daughter,  Frank  Granger,  great- 
grand  son,  and  two  children,  great-great-grand-children ;  Miss 
Maria  Spelman,  grand-daughter;  George,  Winnie,  Alma  and 
Clarence,  children  of  William,  grand-children  of  George,  great- 
grand-children  of  Thomas,  and  great-great-grand-children  of 
Timothy;  Miss  Annie  Spelman,  great-grand-daughter,  (also 
great-grand-daughter  of  Gideon  Cornell). 

MR.   ARAUNA  CLARK. 

Sylvester  Clark,  son;  Nora  and  Rosilla  Clark,  grand-daugh- 
ters, Sylvester  Clark,  grand-son;  Mrs.  J.  Debow,  grand-daughter, 
and  four  children,  great-grand-children;  Mrs.  M.  Ackley, 
daughter;  Henry  Ackley,  grand-son,  and  one  child,  great-grand- 
child; Jerry  and  Willie  Ackley,  great-grand-sons;  Mrs.  A. 
Hayes,  grand  daughter,  and  two  children,  great-grand-children. 

Mrs.  L.  B.  Munson,  grand  daughter,  George  and  Guy  Mun- 
son,  great-grand-sons,  Flora  Munson,  grand-daughter;  Mrs. 
Twining,  daughter,  and  Gracie  Twining,  grand-daughter. 

MR.   DAVID    MESSENGER. 

Joseph,  John,  and  George,  (children  of  Campbell  Messenger) 
grand-sons,  Alice  and  Frank,  grand-daughter  and  son ;  Mrs.  H. 
Clemons,  grand-daughter,  Will  Clemons,  great-grand-son, 
Lottie  and  Addie  Clemons,  great-grand-daughters. 

MR.   SYLVANUS    MITCHELL. 

William  Mitchell,  grand-son,  (also  of  Mr.  Harris). 

MR.   EZEKIEL   WELLS. 

Independence  Wells,  son;  Mrs.  Almira  Duckworth,  daugh- 
ter, and  Stella,  grand-daughter;  Mrs.  Emily  Eggleston, 
daughter,  and  three  children,  Byron,  Fred  and  Mary,  grand- 
children. 

MR    GIDEON    CORNELL. 

Miss  Annie  Spelman,  grand-daughter,  (also  great-grand- 
daughter of  T.  Spelman,  Esq.). 


THE    F.  F.  G'S.  343 

MR.   JOSEPH    L1NNELL. 

Reuben  Linnell,  grand-son,  (also  of  Deacon  Lemuel  Rose), 
Albert  Linnell,  great-grand-son,  Miss  Laura  Linnell,  great- 
grand-daughter;  William  Mitchell,  great  grand-son. 

HON.   WILLIAM    GAVIT. 

George  Bragg,  grand-son. 

LIEUT.    JESSE    MUNSON. 

L.  B.  Munson,  grand-son,  George  and  Guy  Munson,  great- 
grand  sons,  and  Flora  Munson,  great  grand-daughter,  (also  of 
Arauna  Clark);  Hon.  M.  M.  Munson,  grand-son,  Mrs.  C.  W. 
Bryant,  great-grand-daughter,  and  two  children,  great-great- 
grand-children  ;  Misses  Mary,  Rose,  Nora,  and  Grace  Munson, 
great-grand-daughters,  and  Stanley  and  Morton,  great-grand- 
sons ;  Mrs.  Mary  Thresher,  great-grand-daughter.  (See  also  all 
the  descendants  of  Judge  Rose  and  of  Justin  Hillyer,  Sr.) 
Mrs.  Mary  Hayes,  grand-daughter,  and  Miss  Emma  Jewett, 
great  grand-daughter. 

MR.  j.   SINNET. 

Dr.  Edwin  Sinnet,  grand-son,  Miss  Clara  Sinnet,  great-grand- 
daughter;  (also  of  Justin  Hillyer.) 

SPENCER    WRIGHT,  ESQ. 

Mr.  Theodore  T.  Wright,  grand-son,  and  his  children,  Virgil 
C,  Martha  A.,  William  E.,  Frank  E.,  and  Walter  B.,  great- 
grand-children;  Mrs.  Sarah  Sinnet,  granddaughter,  Clara  Sin- 
net, great-grand-daughter,  (also  of  J.  Sinnet  and  Justin  Hillyer). 

DANIEL    BAKER,   ESQ. 

Col.  Daniel  Baker,  son,  Theodore  Baker,  grand-son. 

MR.  JUSTIN    HILLYER,   SR. 

Mr.  Theodore  T.  Wright,  grand-son,  (also  of  S.  Wright,  Esq. 
and  of  Lieut.  J.  Munson),  and  children,  great-grand-children; 
Mrs.  Dr.  E.  Sinnet,  grand-daughter,  and  Miss  Clara  Sinnet, 
great-grand  daughter. 

ELIAS    GILMAN,   ESQ. 

Miss  Maria  Spelman,  grand-daughter,  (also  of  T.  Spelman, 
Esq.). 

Mr.  Christopher  Avery,  son  of  George  Avery,  Jr.,  still  lives 
in  St.  Albans  township,  just  adjoining  Granville,  and  has  a 
large  family  of  children,  who  are  great-grand-children  of 
George  Avery,  the  emigrant. 


344  THE  F.  F.  G'S. 

Of  ninety-three  of  the  original  company  it  is  not  known 
that  they  have  any  lineal  descendants  now  in  the  township. 
Strangers  have  entered  into  their  inheritance. 

In  Miss  Clara  Sinnet  meet  the  families  of  Jesse  Munson, 
Sr.,  Justin  Hillyer,  Sr.,  Spencer  Wright,  Esq.,  and  James 
Sinnet ;  also  of  Joseph  Blanchard,  who  came  later. 

In  L.  B.  Munson's  children  meet  the  families  of  Jesse 
Munson,  Sr.,  Seth  Mead  and  Araunah  Clark. 

In  Horace  Wolcott's  children  are  represented  the  families 
of  Deacon  S.  Winchel,  Horace  Wolcott,  and  Ethan  Bancroft. 

In  Luther  Rose's  youngest  child  are  represented  Deacon 
Lemuel  Rose,  Samuel  Chadwick,  and  Ethan  Bancroft. 

In  Miss  Maria  Spelman  meet  the  blood  of  Timothy  Spel- 
man,  Esq.,  and  of  E.  Gilman,  Esq.,  and  in  Miss  Annie 
Spelman,  that  of  Timothy  Spelman,  Esq.,  and  Gideon 
Cornell. 

Notably  the  names  Thrall,  Cooley,  Phelps,  Holcomb, 
Kelley,  Griffin,  Gavit,  Graves,  Hillyer,  Butler,  Root,  Carpen- 
ter, Gilman,  once  prominent,  have  glided  from  our  annals, 
together  with  many  of  later  accession  who  were  prominent 
at  a  later  day ;  Thurston,  Baldwin,  Richards,  Mower,  Taylor, 
Weeks,  Fasset,  Cook,  Adams,  Starr,  Boardman,  Prichard, 
Sturges,  Kilbourne,  Mead,  Chadwick. 

Some  of  these  families  may  be  represented  by  blood  de- 
scent where  the  name  has  disappeared,  as  Gavit,  Hillyer, 
Cooley,  Mead,  Chadwick,  Cook,  Boardman,  Weeks ;  and  in 
some  cases  the  old  family  name  is  here  without  the  blood 
relation,  as  of  Abbott,  Hayes,  Allyn. 

Many  of  the  first  families  either  took  their  claims  in  the 
Company's  land,  in  other  townships,  or  at  an  early  day  dis- 
posed of  their  interests  and  went  to  other  regions.  Such 
were,  Coe,  Pomroy,  Slocum,  Wadsworth,  Dayton,  Lewis, 
Rowley,  Smith,  Sill,  Johnson,  Reynolds,  Roe,  Buttles, 
Waters,  Taylor,  Willcox,  Godard,  Rice,  Cheney,  Kendall, 
Miller,  Dean,  Ashmun,  Noble,  Street,  Buttolph,  Reed,  Hos- 
kin,  Day,  Jones,  Forbes,  Seymour,  Cornell,  Spragg. 


THE   F.  F.  G.'S.  345 

Residents  at  this  time  who  bear  any  of  these  names  are  of 
other  families,  and  not  descendants  of  the  original  settlers. 

Here,  according  to  the  original  plan,  our  History  would 
have  ended.  But  Mr.  Bryant's  death  before  he  had  put  the 
results  of  his  labor  into  form,  has  so  far  postponed  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  work  that  it  is  thought  best  to  bring  the 
record  down  to  the  present  time. 

The  interim  of  nine  years  has  witnessed  important  changes 
in  our  public  buildings,  churches,  schools,  industries,  citizens, 
etc.,  the  most  prominent  of  which  will  now  be  noticed. 


32 


346  ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 


ADDITIONAL  RECORD, 

Bringing  the  History  down  to  1889,  by  noting  prominent 
changes  and  events. 

I.  Roads. 

The  people  of  Granville  Township  have  always  been  noted 
for  their  care  of  their  roads.  But  in  one  particular  they  were 
not,  at  the  first,  thoughtful.  The  first  surveyors  laid  out  the 
roads  on  the  straight  equidistant  lines  of  survey,  and  if  their 
lines  ran  over  hills  the  roads  were  also  made  so  to  run,  unless  a 
hill  was  really  impassable,  or  a  stream  would  necessitate  ex- 
pensive bridges.  Not  until  recently  were  the  thoroughfares 
allowed  to  seek  for  themselves  a  level,  winding  course,  avoid- 
ing the  tedious  climbing  and  descending  of  hill  after  hill, 
wearing  the  horses  and  consuming  the  traveler's  time  and 
patience.  Some  instances  of  improvement  have  been  already 
noticed.  A  way  to  Newark  has  been  opened  which  avoids 
the  interlying  hills  without  increasing  the  distance.  It  runs 
from  the  road  that  once  led  from  Centerville  to  Munson's 
Mill,  across  the  Judge  Rose  farm  and  crosses  Raccoon  by 
the  old  aquaduct  and,  a  little  beyond  this,  enters  the  Cherry 
Valley  road  to  Newark. 

The  ascent  of  the  Columbus  road,  as  it  comes  into  town,  is 
made  more  gradual  and  easy  by  taking  the  next  street  east 
for  its  entrance ;  and  that  to  the  College  is,  for  like  purpose, 
made  to  wind  up  the  hill-side,  beginning  from  Main  Street, 
at  the  site  of  the  old  brick  academy,  making  the  rise  with 
comparative  ease. 

The  hill  just  by  the  old  cemetery  has  been  so  cut  away 
for  the  Lancaster  road,  or  Main  Street,  as  to  form  but  one 
easy  grade  from  the  square  to  the  depot,  on  the  low  lands. 

Another  vast  improvement  is  the  bringing  of  Burgh  Street 
across  the  farms  into  North  Street,  on  the  Mt.  Vernon  road, 


ADDITIONAL   RECORD.  347 

north  of  the  hills  near  town,  thus  avoiding  the  tedium  and 
delay  of  the  up  and  down  grades  of  three  serious  hills.  The 
new  road,  as  one  goes  north,  leaves  the  Mt.  Vernon  road  on 
the  line  between  the  Goodrich  and  the  Capt.  Rose  farms,  and 
winding  along  the  valley  to  the  northwest,  it  enters  the.  old 
Burgh  Street  at  the  north  base  of  the  Hobart  Hill.  After 
tramping  over  those  hills  for  seventy-five  years,  those  inter- 
ested have  opened  this  new  road  at  an  expense  of  $1800,  and 
the  labor  of  constructing  it. 

The  cutting  down  of  Main  Street  has  also  led  to  an  im- 
provement in  the  old  cemetery.  The  side  bordering  on  Main 
Street  has  been  escarped  and  sodded  back  as  far  as  the  Lucius 
D.  Mower  monument.  A  solid  stone  wall  laid  in  mortar  has 
been  built  at  the  base.  This  improvement  necessitated  the 
removal  of  two  rows  of  graves  along  the  west  side  of  the 
cemetery,  the  remains  within  the  graves  being  removed  to 
other  locations  by  surviving  friends  or  by  an  authorized 
committee. 

Among  these  graves  was  that  of  Mrs.  "  Lilly  Jones,"  whose 
death  has  been  recorded  as  the  first  within  the  township. 
Her  monument  was  reset  a  few  feet  from  where  it  had  previ- 
ously stood. 

II.  Additions  to  the  Town. 

Three  several  additions  have  been  made  to  the  town. 

One  made  by  Rev.  William  Whitney  lies  south  of  Sugar 
Loaf.  It  is  made  accessible  by  the  extension  of  Maple  Street 
to  the  west. 

Mr.  Lucian  B.  Munson  has  opened  a  street  from  the 
Lancaster  road  to  the  new  Columbus  road,  parallel  to  the 
other  east  and  west  streets,  and  making  two  tiers  of  lots  like 
the  others  in  the  plat. 

The  Jones'  addition  lies  east  of  town,  and  is  approached 
by  an  extension  of  Bowery  Street  to  the  east,  with  a  short 
street  crossing  it  north  and  south. 


348  ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 

III.  Renaming  of  Streets. 

Most  of  the  streets  of  the  village  have  been  renamed,  but 
as  the  old  names  are  used  on  the  plat  as  given  herewith, 
and  used  throughout  the  body  of  the  work,  and  moreover  are 
as  yet  more  familiar  to  all  readers,  it  is  deemed  best  to  leave 
them  as  already  written,  only  noting  the  changes,  as  follows  : 

Market      Street  is  now  Summit       Street. 

Water           u  "  "  W.  College     •* 

Bowery        "  "  "  E.  College      " 

Fair              "  "  "  West  Elm 

Equality      "  "  "  East  Elm 

Maple           "  "  "  West  Maple   " 

Mourning    "  "  "  East  Maple     " 

Stone   and    Evening    Streets  together    constitute    Plum    Street. 

Case  and  Cherry               "  "  "  Cherry       " 

Mulberry  and  Rose         "  "  "  Mulberry  " 

Liberty  and  Prospect       "  "  *•  Prospect    " 

Pearl  and  Green                "  "  "  Pearl          " 
Main  and  Broadway  remain  as  they  were. 

In  Jones'  addition  it  is  proposed  to  call  the  extension  of 
Summit  Street  Jones'  Avenue,  and  the  intersecting  street 
Barclay  Street.  In  Munson's  addition  the  east  and  west 
street  is  Munson  Street.  The  street  winding  up  Prospect 
Hill,  from  Main  Street  to  the  College,  is  College  Avenue ; 
and  that  descending  to  the  creek  from  Cherry  Street,  is 
Columbus  Avenue. 

IV.  Water  Works. 

The  gradual  failure  of  the  old  hydrant  system  had  for 
some  time  impressed  the  thoughtful  with  the  need  of  a  more 
reliable  supply  of  water  for  household  use  and  for  defense 
against  fire.  In  1885,  the  citizens  began  to  move  under  the 
leadership  of  such  men  as  C.  W.  Bryant,  Profs.  Colwell  and 
Gilpatrick,  Drs.  Sinnet  and  Follett,  J.  H.  Sample,  C.  W. 
Black,  and  others.  Three  driven  wells  of  large  calibre  were 
located  on  the  first  bottom,  near  Munson  Street,  and  nearly 
opposite  Case  Street.  The  water  was  found  to  be  pnre  and 
abundant.     The  village  voted  $15,000  toward  the  enterprise. 


ADDITIONAL    RECORD.  349 

A  storage  tank  of  93,000  gallons  capacity  was,  erected  on  the 
hill  in  the  northwest  corner  of  the  corporation.  The  water 
is  forced  from  the  wells  to  the  reservoir  by  steam,  and  thence 
is  distributed  through  the  town  in  four  and  six  inch  pipes. 
The  head  is  such  as  to  carry  the  water  to  the  fourth  story  of 
the  college  buildings  and  to  throw  a  copious  stream  over  the 
highest  buildings  on  the  village  level.  In  December  the 
water  began  to  be  served.  "  We  venture  the  assertion  that 
no  town,  nor  city,  in  Ohio  offers  its  people  better  water  than 
Gianville  offers  to  her  people." 

V.  Our  Industries. 

A  large  flouring  mill  has  been  erected  on  ground  between 
the  old  cemetery  and  the  railroad,  by  Mr.  Phelps  of  Defiance, 
which  is  now  being  run  by  Mr.  Theodore  T.  Wright. 

A  large  planing  mill  has  been  erected  near  Munson  Street, 
just  north  of  the  railroad,  in  which  was  placed  the  machinery 
left  by  Mr.  Geo.  Pratt,  all  of  excellent  pattern  and  fitted  to 
do  the  best  of  work.  His  oldest  son,  Smith  B.  Pratt,  added 
still  other  machinery  of  like  excellent  quality,  but  failing  to 
make  a  success  of  it,  it  is  now  in  the  hands  of  Pratt  & 
Ransower. 

The  planing  mill  of  Mr.  Blanchard  (Dea.  Bancroft's  shop) 
is  successfully  run  by  Mr.  P.  L-  Pratt  and  George  G.  Munson. 
The  Messrs.  Pratt  are  both  sons  of  Geo.  Pratt. 

In  close  proximity  to  each  mill  is  an  extensive  lumber 
yard,  well  stocked. 

In  1885,  the  Ohio  Central  Railroad  became  the  Toledo  & 
Ohio  Central,  the  company  being  incorporated  June  29th. 

In  1886,  the  old  time  hotel  that  stood  at  the  northeast  cor- 
ner of  Broadway  and  Prospect  Street,  was  purchased  by  J. 
M.  Prior  and  taken  down.  A  new  and  commodious  three- 
story  building,  called  "  The  Hotel  Granville,"  capable  of  ac- 
commodating one  hundred  guests,  with  two  desirable  business 
rooms  in  the  ground  story,  was  erected  in  its  place,  at  a  cost 
of  $10,000. 


350  ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 

VI.  Churches. 


PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH,  BRICK,  NORTHWEST  CORNER  OF  PUBLIC  SQUARE. 

In  the  year  1887,  the  ladies  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
concluded  that  the  substantial  brick  house  in  which  they 
worshiped,  was  not  as  elegantly  finished  and  furnished  as  the 
house  of  God  ought  to  be.  They,  therefore,  conbined  their 
energies  to  raise  the  means  to  remodel  and  refurnish  it.  By 
voluntary  subsciiptions  $7500  were  raised.  The  side  galler- 
ies were  removed ;  the  windows,  before  in  two  stories,  were 
made  continuous  and  filled  with  stained  cut  glass  of  chaste 
and  beautiful  design ;  the  audience  room  was  refitted  with 
oak  seats,  circularly  arranged  and  heavily  cushioned ;  a  gas 
generator  was  placed  in  the  basement  for  supplying  light  for 
the  whole  building ;  the  space  about  the  organ  was  re- 
arranged, as  also  the  hall  in  front  of  the  audience  room  ;  the 
stairs  were  rebuilt  with  a  broader  tread  and  more  gradual 


ADDITIONAL'  RECORD. 


351 


ascent ;  the  steeple  was  remodeled  and  carried  considerably 
higher ;  the  whole  was  repainted  inside  and  ont ;  and  the 
pavement  in  front  was  laid  with  Berea  sawed-stone.  The  pres- 
ent seating  capacity  is  six  hundred  and  fifty.  The  architect 
and  builder  was  G.  W.  Hall,  of  Columbus.  It  was  completed 
and  began  to  be  used  again  in  1880.  During  the  repairing 
the  audience  worshiped,  by  the  courtesy  of  their  Episcopal 
friends,  in  St.  Luke's  Church. 

(Many  will  not  remember  the  steeple  of  1816,  and  for 
their  delectation  we  reproduce  the  old  white  church  as  it 
was  after  the  repairs  of  1837,  and  before  the  building  of 
this  brick  church). 


The  church  now  numbers  three  hundred  members,  with  a 
Sabbath  School  of  two  hundred  and  fifty.  The  session  now 
consists  of  H.  L,.  Bancroft,  Charles  Wynkoop,  John  D.  Evans, 
William  Howe,  Morgan  Williams,  Robert  Owens,  William 
Nichols,  T.  J.  Robinson  and  D.  Griffin.  The  Trustees  are 
David  Owens,  President,  Dr.  A.  Follett,  Dr.  William  Davies, 


352 


ADDITIONAL    RECORD. 


Walter  Prichard,  J.  C.  Jones,  John  Debow,  Edward  Nichol, 
T.  J.  Robinson,  and  Hon.  E.  Sinnett. 


METHODIST  CHURCH,   NORTHEAST  CORNER  OF   PUBLIC  SQUARE. 

Within  the  nine  years  the  Methodist  Church  has  erected  a 
very  fine  house,  the  description  of  which  has  been  kindly  fur- 
nished by  Mr.  John  Montgomery. 

'The  building  is  of  brick.  The  church  had  felt  the  need  of 
a  new  place  of  worship  for  many  years.  Measures  were 
taken  in  the  winter  of  1882,  Rev.  Moore  being  pastor,  to  see 
what  could  be  done  in  the  way  of  raising  money.  Subscrip- 
tion papers  were  circulated,  and  by  April  about  $8000  had 
been  subscribed ;  enough  to  justify  going  forward  with  the 
work.  A  building  committee  was  selected,  consisting  of 
John  Montgomery,  R.  G.  Fosdick,  E.  P.  Hayes,  J.  D.  Aldred, 
and  David  Evans.  At  first  it  was  proposed  to  let  out  the 
building  by  contract,  but  after  receiving  bids  from  several 
contractors,  the  committee  concluded  to  take  the  work  in 


ADDITIONAL   RECORD.  353 

hand  themselves,  hiring  mechanics  and  procuring  material, 
thinking  that  a  more  permanent  structure  would  be  the  re- 
sult. In  this  they  were  not  disappointed.  The  entire  cost 
of  the  church  was  about  $15,000.  Such  a  church  let  out  to 
contractors  would  have  cost  $20,000.  Better  satisfaction  was 
given,  as  it  gave  employment  to  home  labor ;  and,  as  far  as 
possible,  the  money  was  kept  in  circulation  at  home.  John 
Montgomery  was  made  a  sub-committee  to  oversee  the  entire 
work,  which  he  did  from  beginning  to  end. 

1  The  site  selected  was  on  the  northeast  corner  of  the  pub- 
lic square,  where  the  old  M.  E.  Church  and  Town  Hall  stood. 
These  being  removed,  work  was  commenced  August  18th, 
1882,  to  prepare  the  ground.  The  cellar  was  excavated,  and 
the  foundation  laid  deep  and  broad.  Granville  stone  was  put 
in  below  the  frost  line,  and  three  courses  of  dressed  Corning 
sandstone  above.  The  foundation  being  laid,  work  ceased 
till  spring. 

'  Early  the  next  season  brick-making  commenced  on  the 
old  Norton  Case  farm.  During  the  winter,  timber  was  got 
out  for  sills,  posts,  etc.  The  bricks  for  the  front  were  sand- 
rolled,  giving  them  the  form  and  shape  of  pressed  bricks. 
Crane  &  Wiley,  of  Newark,  with  two  helpers,  put  up  the 
walls,  commencing  July  nth,  1883,  and  finishing  October 
13th  ;  carpenters  meanwhile  keeping  up  their  work  as  needed, 
Mr.  E.  D.  Evans  being  foreman.  The  building  was  enclosed 
and  a  good  slate  roof  on  by  winter. 

1  The  church  is  85  feet  in  length  by  54  in  width.  The  audi- 
torium is  54  by  55,  and  the  lecture  room  30  by  40.  East  of 
the  same  are  library  and  infant  class  rooms  ;  over  the  latter 
a  kitchen,  and  over  the  lecture  room  a  ladies'  parlor.  There 
are  folding  glass  doors  below  and  gothic  windows  above,  so 
arranged  as  to  throw  the  whole  into  the  auditorium  when 
needed.  The  auditorium  proper  has  a  seating  capacity  of 
350,  the  lecture  room  150,  and  the  parlor  150. 

'The  tower  stands  at  the  southwest  corner,  14 by  14  on  the 
ground,  and  100  feet  high.     The  main  entrance  is  in  the 


354  ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 

tower,  with  another  on  the  east  side,  and  a  third  on  the  north 
at  the  right  of  the  rostrum. 

1  The  inside  finishing  was  begun  early  the  next  Spring, 
(1884).  The  auditorium  is  furnished  with  very  neatly  fin- 
ished circular  seats,  made  of  cherry,  which  grew  on  John 
Montgomery's  farm,  originally  known  as  the  Apollos  Griffin 
farm.  Two  trees  made  three  thousand  feet  of  choice  lumber  ; 
one  tree  being  four  feet,  the  other  three,  at  the  stump.  Four 
twelve  foot  logs  were  cut  before  reaching  the  first  limbs. 
Their  equals  probably  cannot  be  found  in  the  country.  The 
seats  were  made  at  Richmond,  Indiana.  There  are  fojr 
aisles,  one  running  along  each  wall,  and  two  radiating  from 
the  rostrum.  The  wainscoting  is  of  highly  polished  cherry. 
The  frescoing  is  beautiful,  the  ceiling  being  of  corrugated 
iron,  neatly  panneled  and  frescoed.  There  is  a  set-back  in 
the  wall  behind  the  pulpit,  of  five  feet  depth,  sixteen  feet 
long,  for  the  organ.  This  is  beautifully  frescoed,  with  a 
vine  and  leaves,  grapes  and  wheat-heads  being  interspersed. 
There  are  two  large  gothic  windows  of  stained  glass  in  the 
auditorium.  The  building  is  heated  by  two  furnaces.  The 
lecture  room  is  seated  with  neat  chairs.  It,  also,  is  highly 
frescoed.     The  church  is  nicely  carpeted. 

(  The  ladies  of  the  church  are  ever  to  be  remembered  for 
their  untiring  labors,  raising  by  socials  about  $1500,  toward 
finishing  and  furnishing  the  church. 

(  Nice  stone  walks  are  laid  on  three  sides  of  the  church, 
and  to  the  three  entrances. 

\  The  work  being  completed,  the  church  was  dedicated  by 
Bishop  Merrill,  December  22d,  1884,  Rev.  James  Michel  be- 
ing pastor." 


ADDITIONAL    RECORD. 


355 


BAPTIST   CHURCH,  STONE,    SOUTHWEST   CORNER   OF   PUBLIC    SQUARE. 


Under  pastor  W.  C.  P.  Rhoades  the  church  had  grown  in 
influence,  numbers,  and  financial  ability.  Visitors  from 
abroad  at  college  commencements  and  other  occasions,  began 
to  hint  that  the  house  of  worship  was  not  equal  to  the 
church's  need.  It  was  replied  that  while  the  people  recog- 
nized the  fact,  the  congregation  was  not  able  to  build  such 
a  house  as  was  needed ;  and  the  rejoinder  was,  "  Do  what 
you  can,  and  you  shall  have  help  from  without."  With  this 
encouragement  the  matter  was  tested.  The  sum  of  $15,000 
was  subscribed  at  home,  and  $10,000  abroad,  which  sum  was 
pushed  to  the  aggregate  of  $30,000,  and  it  was  resolved  to 
build.  They  limited  the  architect  in  their  plans  to  this  sum. 
But  the  final  cost,  when  furnished  and  ready  for  occupancy 
was  only  a  fraction  short  of  $50,000.  This  amount  was 
secured  chiefly  through  the  agency  of  Pastor  Rhoades  ;  half 
being  contributed  by  the  Granville  church,  and  half  by 
friends  abroad. 

Messrs.  D.  M.  Shepardson,   B.    M.   Downer,  and  A.  U. 


356  ADDITIONAL    RECORD. 

Thresher,  were  the  building  committee,  and  the  architect 
was  L.  B.  Vaulk,  of  New  York  City.  The  builders,  on  a 
contract,  of  $30,000,  were  Messrs.  Garber  &  Vance,  of 
Newark,  O.  The  rest  was  expended  under  the  direct  super- 
vision of  the  committee. 

The  old  church  was  removed  across  Main  Street,  to  the 
east,  set  over  a  high,  roomy,  airy,  brick  basement,  and  sold 
to  the  township  for  $5000.  The  new  church  was  then  erected 
on  the  old  site,  being  completed  in  1883.  The  material  is 
Sandusky  limestone,  with  trimmings  of  Berea  stone.  The 
cut  will  give  the  external  appearance  of  the  building. 

The  auditorium  is  in  the  center  of  the  building,  and  is 
lighted  from  the  east  and  west  sides  through  windows  of 
stained  glass,  but  not  sufficiently  to  obviate  the  necessity  of 
using  gas  on  cloudy  days.  It  has  three  entrances,  one  at 
each  of  the  three  angles  accessible  on  Broadway  and  Main 
Streets.  The  pulpit  is  on  the  south  side.  Back  of  the  pulpit 
and  elevated  higher  than  the  speaker's  head,  is  the  organ  loft 
and  space  for  a  large  choir,  accessible  by  stairways  outside  of 
the  auditorium.  The  organ  was  made  by  Johnson  Bros.,  at 
a  cost  of  $4000,  and  was  the  gift  of  Mrs.  Rev.  Francis  W. 
Piatt.  Mr.  Piatt  was  formerly  a  student  of  Granville  College, 
and  afterwards  a  pastor  in  Toledo,  O.  He  had  worked  hard 
to  procure  an  organ  for  his  own  church.  The  subscription 
was  successful,  and  the  instrument  ordered  and  promised  at 
a  certain  time.  Meantime  he  fell  into  a  lingering  illness  and 
died.  The  first  use  of  the  organ  when  erected  was  at  his 
funeral.  In  view  of  his  love  of  music  and  this  result  of  the 
closing  work  of  his  life,  his  widow  gave  this  organ  as  a 
memorial  of  him. 

The  audience  room  is  cruciform,  the  transept  being  longer 
than  the  nave.  The  floor  rises  from  the  pulpit  and  the  seats 
circle  around  it,  like  an  amphitheater,  with  five  radiating 
aisles.  They  are  cushioned  and  the  floors  are  carpeted.  The 
head  of  the  cross  is  occupied  by  the  Sunday  School  room, 
seated  with  chairs.     It  may  at  any  time  be  thrown  open  to 


ADDITIONAL   RECORD.  357 

the  auditorium,  adding  seats  for  three  hundred ;  the  whole 
then  having  a  seating  capacity  of  twelve  hundred.  The 
groined  ceiling  is  of  corrugated  iron,  the  supporting  points 
along  the  south  side  of  the  transept  and  either  side  of  the 
nave  resting  on  wooden  pillars,  four  in  number.  The  seats, 
organ  and  furniture  are  of  oak. 

Beyond  the  Sunday  School  room  is  a  room  for  ladies'  meet- 
ings. At  the  east  side,  connecting  with  both,  is  the  infant 
class-room,  and  on  the  west  are  rooms  for  socials,  a  dumb 
waiter  connecting  with  the  kitchen  below.  Around  the 
organ  are  various  small  rooms  for  libraries,  the  pastor's  use, 
or  other  service.  The  baptistery  is  immediately  in  the  rear 
of  the  pulpit,  secluded  from  it  by  a  portiere.  It  is  below  the 
level  of  the  platform.  Candidates  descend  to  the  water  by  a 
flight  of  steps  and  ascend  on  the  opposite  side.  In  perform- 
ing the  rite,  the  officiating  clergyman  stands  beside  the  open 
tank,  and  all  is  in  sight  of  the  audience. 

The  present  membership  (1889)  is  476.  The  Sabbath 
School  numbers  381.     The  officers  are  : 

Rev.  J.  C.  Baldwin,  D.D.,  Pastor. 

Prof.  W.  H.  Johnson,  Clerk. 

Prof.  A.  U.  Thresher,  Treasurer. 
deacons. 
D.  M.  Shepardson,  Prof.  Geo.  McKibben, 

T.  J.  Wright,  T.  J.  Thomas, 

C.  T.  Chapin,  Henry  Palmerton. 

trustees. 

D.  M.  Shepardson,  Prof.  Chas.  Chandler, 
J.  C.  Malone,  Esq.,              J.  P.  Wilson, 
Burton  Case,  F.  W.  Shepardson. 


358  ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 

VII.  Schools. 


ADDITIONAL   RECORD.  359 

DENISON   UNIVERSITY. 

Concerning  this  institution  little  need  be  said  in  addition 
to  that  with  which  we  closed  the  record  of  1880.  It  still 
holds  on  its  way  with  a  full  tide  of  prosperity.  In  1887,  Dr. 
Owens  resigned  the  presidency,  and  Dr.  Galusha  Anderson 
was  elected  to  the  vacancy.  The  preparatory  department  is 
now  designated  as  Granville  Academy. 

The  last  report  of  the  Finance  Committee  shows  an  en- 
dowment beyond  the  real  estate  of  about  $350,000  of  interest- 
bearing  investments. 

The  faculty  now  stands  as  follows : 

Galusha  Anderson,  D.D.,  LL.  D.,  President  and  Professor  of  Intellectual 
and  Moral  Philosophy. 

Ahnon  U.  Thresher,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Rhetoric  and  English  Literature. 

John  L.  Gilpatrick,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Mathematics. 

Charles  Chandler,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Latin  Language  and   Literature. 

Rev.  Richard  S.  Colwell,  A.  B.,  Professor  of  Greek  Language  and  Literature. 

George  F.  McKibben,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  French  and  German  Language. 

Clarence  L.  Herrick,  M.  S.,  Professor  of  Geology  and  Natural  History. 

Alfred  D.  Cole,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Chemistry  and  Physics. 

J.  D.  S.  Riggs,  A.  M.,  Professor  and  Principal  of  Granville  Academy. 

Leverette  E.  Akins,  A.  M.,  Instructor  in  Mathematics. 

Wm.  H.  Johnson,  A.  M.,  Instructor  in  Greek. 

Wm.  G.  Tight,  M.  S.,  Instructor  in  Natural  Sciences. 

Herbert  L.  Jones,  M.  S,,  Instructor  in  Natural  Sciences. 

Wm.  S.  Burns,  A.  B.,  Instructor  in  English  and  Latin. 

Mrs.  J.  E.  Dixson,  Librarian. 

Rev.  John  Kyle,  Curator  of  Buildings  and  Grounds. 


360 


ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 


SHEPARDSON    COLLEGE    FOR    WOMEN. 


In  1841,  there  came  to  the  place  a  young  man  fresh  from 
his  studies  in  Brown  University,  having  studied  also  at 
Amherst  College;  slender  in  form,  of  bloodless  face,  with 
penetrating  eyes  hidden  behind  a  pair  of  glasses  ;  of  san- 
guine-nervous temperament,  accustomed  to  push  forward  in 
his  work  in  the  church  and  the  world  without  stopping  to 
read  character,  or  saying  to  anyone :  "  Is  this  so  ?"  or 
"  Shall  that  be  done  ?"  If  it  seemed  right  to  him  to  be  done, 
and  he  the  one  to  do  it,  he  went  forward  and  it  was  done.  It 
was  the  time  of  the  annual  examinations  in  the  College. 
These  he  attended,  and  by  his  close  questions  and  sharp 
searching  of  their  scholarship  he  became  the  dread  of  the 
students.  He  probed  and  exposed  the  dullard  and  quickened 
the  best  to  higher  aspirations. 

This  was  the  Rev.  Daniel  Shepardson,  whose  acquaintance 
with  Ohio  was  then  beginning,  and  who  has  constantly  since 
been  prominent  in  the  interests  of  the  Baptist  Church  of  this 
State,  laboring  indefatigably  either  in  her  pulpits  or  in  the 
cause  of  education.  After  a  period  of  years  spent  in  Zanesville, 
Cincinnati  and  Piqua  as  a  pastor,  and  in  Cincinnati  as  prin- 


ADDITIONAL    RECORD.  361 

cipal  of  Woodward  High  School,  he  came  in  1868  and  took 
charge  of  the  Female  Seminary,  as  already  narrated.  He  at 
once  threw  his  accustomed  energy  and  faith  into  the  work  of 
making  it  a  power  in  his  church.  He  was  assisted  by  his 
excellent  wife,  who  also  possessed  great  energy  and  faith. 
Among  their  helpers  were  Misses  M.  O.  Brooks,  Mary  E. 
Anderson,  L.  A.  Barton,  Clara  Campbell,  Mary  Abbott, 
Hattie  Gunnison,  Hattie  Partridge,  Ida  M.  Saunders,  Mrs. 
Whissen,  Mr.  George  Shepardson.  His  first  class  was  grad- 
uated in  1869,  numbering  six.  The  average  number  for  the 
sixteen  years  of  his  work  is  ten. 

In  1889,  Dr.  Shepardson  transferred  the  property  he  had 
used  for  the  school  purposes  to  a  Board  of  Trustees,  largely 
co-incident,  but  not  identical  with  the  Board  of  Denison 
University ;  to  be  increased  in  their  hands  by  the  additional 
endowment  of  $100,000,  and  to  be  perpetuated  as  The  Shep- 
ardson College  for  Women,  not  inferior  in  grade  to  the  high- 
est college  for  young  men. 

By  courtesy,  the  library,  museum,  laboratories,  and  class- 
rooms of  Denison  University  are  open  to  the  young  ladies. 
The  curriculum  is  co-extensive  with  that  of  the  University, 
and  the  calendars  are  identical. 

The  $100,000  endowment  has  been  secured.  Dr.  Shepard- 
son and  family  have  retired  from  the  care  of  the  institution, 
but  he  hopes  to  give  himself,  in  the  near  future,  to  the  rais- 
ing of  another  like  sum  for  the  further  efficiency  and  life  of 
the  College. 

The  former  building  used  by  the  boarding  department  has 
given  place  to  a  modern  structure  of  brick  upon  a  basement 
of  stone.  It  is  well  represented  by  the  cut.  It  is  called 
"  Burton  Hall,"  in  honor  of  Dr.  N.  S.  Burton,  who  com- 
menced the  school  in  1859. 


33 


362 


ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 


The  faculty  at  present  consists  of: 

Galusha  Anderson,   D.D.,   L.L.  D.,   President,   and  Professor  of  Moral  and 
Intellectual  Philosophy. 

M.  Frances  Babcock,  Lady  Principal;    Latin  Language  and  Literature. 

Mrs.  M.  K.  Compton,  Matron. 

Mrs.  Andrew  L.  Ralston,  Director  of  Art  Department. 

Carrie  A.  Hutson,  Instructor  in  Instrumental  Music. 

Amy  L.  Lyons,  Instructor  in  Mathematics. 

Josephine  C.  Robertson,  Rhetoric  and  English  Literature. 

G.  D.  Rogers,  Instructor  in  Vocal  Music. 


GRANVILLE    FEMALE    COLLEGE. 


In  1882,  Mr.  Kerr  was  compelled  by  increasing  illness  to 
notify  the  Trustees  that  he  must  be  relieved  at  the  close  of 
the  current  academic  year.  But  disease  anticipated  his 
resignation,  and  his  death  occurred  April  15th,  1882.  He 
had  been  at  the  head  of  the  institution  continuously  since 
1854,  except  during  the  years  1872-6.  To  him  was  due,  in 
a  large  measure,  the  continued  existence  and  reputable 
standing  of  the  college.  During  the  remainder  of  this  year 
the  college  was  conducted  by  Mrs.  Kerr  and  the  Faculty. 

Rev.  Dwight  B.  -Hervey  then  took  charge  of  it  (1882), 
and   at  once  expended  $4000  in    improvements  upon  the 


ADDITIONAL    RECORD.  363 

buildings  and  grounds,  providing  ample  and  very  desirable 
quarters  for  all  departments  of  instruction,  and  his  admin- 
istration has  enjoyed  the  full  confidence  of  the  Board  and  of 
the  community.  The  attendance  has  averaged  about  seventy. 
The  following  extracts  from  the  catalogue,  of  1887,  will 
serve  to  illustrate  the  standing  of  the  college : 

"Those  whose  only  object  is  to  obtain  an  education  under 
Christian  influences,  who  will  cheerfully  submit  to  kind  and 
wholesome  discipline  and  reproof,  are  cordially  invited  to  be- 
come members  of  the  Institution."  "We  can  be  responsible 
for  our  pupils'  progress  and  improvement  only  as  we  control 
their  time,  their  associations,  and  the  influences  which  surround 
them."  "We,  on  our  part,  pledge  ourselves  to  guard  from 
evil  the  young  ladies  entrusted  to  our  care ;  to  surround  them 
with  healthful,  moral,  and  religious  influences;  to  exercise 
watchful  care  over  their  manners,  habits,  minds,  and  hearts, 
and  to  give  them  every  advantage  —  social,  intellectual,  and 
moral  —  of  a  well  regulated  school. " 

The  faculty  at  present  (1889  catalogue)  is  : 

Rev.  D.  B.  Hervey,  A.  M.,  President;  Psychology  Ethics,  Evidences. 
Miss  Georgianna  Humphreys;   English  Literature,   Rhetoric,   Modern  Lan- 
guages. 

Miss  Myra  F.  Weld,  A.  B. ;   Latin  and  Greek  Languages. 

Miss  Minnie  A.  R.  Drake,  A.  B. ;  Mathematics,  Natural  Sciences,  English. 

Miss  Grace  E.  LaFerre;  Natural  Sciences,  Book-Keeping,  U.  S.  History. 

Prof.  E.  F.  Appy;   Piano,  Violin,  Theory. 

Mrs.  E.  F.  Appy;   Piano,  Organ. 

Miss  Annie  Love  Carter;  Vocal  Culture. 

Miss  M.  Luella  Gurney;   Painting,  Crayoning,  Drawing. 

THE   GRADED   SCHOOL 

Is  still  prosperous,  graduating  large  classes  in  the  usual 
curriculum.  The  present  year  witnesses  the  demolition  of 
the  building  erected  in  i860,  and  the  rising  in  its  place  of  a 
larger,  more  commodious  one,  at  a  cost  of  $20,000. 


364  ADDITIONAL    RECORD. 

VIII.  The  Opera  House,  or  Town  Hall. 


old  granville  bank,  stone  (at  the  left),  EPiscorAL  church  (in  center), 
town  HALL  (to  the  right). 

The  former  frame  church  of  the  Baptists,  it  has  been  said, 
was  moved  across  Main  Street  and  placed  near  the  Episcopal 
Church.  It  was  elevated  upon  a  brick  basement  of  good 
height.  The  township  then  purchased  it  for  $5000  and  fitted 
it  up  for  public  uses.  In  1888,  it  was  enlarged  at  a  cost  of 
$3000,  the  contract  being  taken  by  Mr.  Wallace  W.  Carpen- 
ter. Two  additional  windows  were  required  by  the  addition, 
and  made  symmetrical  with  the  three  former  ones  The 
audience  room  above  will  now  accommodate  eight  hundred. 
The  basement  has  apartments  for  the  Postoffice,  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  Town  Council,  Fire  Department,  and  citizens' 
gatherings,  etc. 

IX.  Fire  Department. 

In  1886,  the  Granville  Hose  Co.,  No.  1,  was  formed,  with 
a  membership  of  sixteen.  F.  W.  Shepardson  is  president; 
W.  M.  Black,  vice  president;  W.  L.  Courtney,  secretary  ;  J. 
W.  Ackley,  treasurer ;  W.  C.  Smoots,  foreman ;  H.  C.  Bel- 
ford,  first  assistant ;  I.  H.  DeBow,  second  assistant ;  W.  H. 
Sanford,  pipeman,  and  J.  Bolen,  assistant  pipeman.  The 
corporation  furnishes  a  reel-cart  and  five  hundred  feet  of 
hose.  The  company  furnish  their  own  rubber  outfit,  and  a 
uniform  of  blue  shirts,  belts  of  leather,  and  oil  cloth  helmets  ; 
and  pay  their  own  expenses. 


ADDITIONAL    RECORD.  365 

X.  Annals. 

In  1881,  among  the  deaths  were  David  Messenger,  who 
died  at  Utica,  O.,  at  noon  of  Friday,  January  14th,  aged 
eighty-nine ;  and  Valorus  Graves,  son  of  Josiah  Graves,  of 
old  age,  Saturday,  January  15th.  Both  these  were  of  the 
original  families  of  the  colony.  Freeman  Haskill,  August 
24th,  aged  seventy-five.  Eunice  W.  Little,  November  25th. 
Hon.  T.  W.  Ewart,  not  long  a  resident  of  the  place,  Octo- 
ber 9th. 

In  1882,  the  Town  Hall  was  sold  to  Sam.  Everett  and  re- 
moved by  him  to  the  vicinity  of  the  railroad,  and  became 
a  ware-house.     Afterward  it  was  totally  consumed  by  fire. 

The  old  Methodist  Church  was  removed  to  the  rear  of  the 
Female  College  and  is  used  as  a  laundry. 

Apr.  15th  died  Hon.  W.  P.  Kerr,  aged  60.  His  name  has 
occurred  otten  on  the  preceding  pages,  chiefly  as  identified, 
first,  with  the  Male  Academy,  &  then  the  Female  College;  as 
also  with  the  Convention  for  Revising  the  State  Constitution. 
He  was  a  graduate  of  Granville  College,  &  probably,  like  many 
others,  laid  the  foundation  for  subsequent  ill  health  by  assiduous 
application  to  study  in  his  College  days. 

July  16th,  died  Dea.  Timothy  M.  Rose,  aged  85.  He  was 
born  Mar.  24th,  1797,  in  Granville,  Mass.,  &  at  the  age  of  8 
years  came  hither  with  the  colony,  &  always  lived  here  there- 
after. He  was  for  some  time  the  last  survivor  of  those  who 
came  that  fall,  and  living  in  the  place.  He  has  seen  all  the 
changes  of  the  place,  &  in  many  of  them  has  been  a  prominent 
actor.  He  was  a  man  of  earnest  piety,  full  of  social  life,  of 
simple  habits  of  expense,  &  a  forward  contributor  to  every 
work  of  benevolence.  His  first  wife  &  the  mother  of  his  chil- 
dren, was  Matilda  Mead  &  the  second  was  Mrs.  Susan  Little,  a 
sister  of  Rev.  Jacob  Little,  D.D.  ;her  first  husband  having  been 
a  cousin  of  the  same  name.    Mr.  Rose  survived  all  his  children. 

Oct.  17th,  died  Rev.  Joseph  Little,  aged  54.  He  studied  at 
Hudson  College  &  Lane  Seminary.  He  was  a  Chaplain  in  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion,  connected  with  a  W.  Virg.  Regiment. 
After  the  war  he  devoted  himself  to  doing  good  among  the 
men  to  whom  he  had  ministered  in  the  army,  &  their  families. 
He  was  in   Chicago,   preparing  to  publish  a  line  of  charts  for 


366  ADDITIONAL    RECORD. 

reading  &  singing  lessons,  when  his  nervous  system  gave  way 
under  his  labors  &  self-denial.  He  was  the  most  genial  of  men, 
a  very  interesting  companion,  &  a  great  singer.  He  delighted 
in  a  little  box  melodeon  that  he  could  carry  about  in  his  hand. 
In  the  army  he  would  put  it  on  a  stump  or  barrel  head,  &  begin 
singing  some  lively  and  humorous  song, — (&  no  one  could  do  it 
better).  Soon  a  crowd  would  gather  around  him  &  be  enter- 
tained for  a  suitable  time.  Then  he  would  change  to  sacred 
music  &  ask  '■  the  boys  "  to  join  in,  which  they  would  do  with 
a  hearty  good  will.  Next,  &  almost  before  they  were  aware  of 
it,  they  would  be  following  him  in  prayer,  or  listening  to  a  tell- 
ing talk. 

Happy,  laughing,  earnest,  prayerful  brother!  He  left  his 
name  to  his  country  as  "  Chaplain  Joe  Little." 

In  1883,  died  Mrs.  Jane  S.  Bancroft,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Little,  Esq.,  and  wife  of  Deacon  G.  P.  Bancroft,  September 
nth,  aged  eighty-nine.  She  had  lived  with  her  husband 
since  January  27th,  1814,  a  period  of  almost  three  score  and 
ten  years.  September  29th,  died  Colonel  Daniel  M.  Baker. 
His  father,  though  an  original  member  of  the  company,  did 
not  come  to  Granville  for  several  years.  Colonel  Baker  was 
prominent  in  the  military  organizations  under  the  old  militia 
laws. 

In  1884,  died  Deacon  Girard  P.  Bancroft,  January  18th, 
aged  ninety-three.  He  survived  the  wife  of  his  youth  only 
four  months.  He  was  a  skillful  mechanic,  and  a  life-long 
officer  in  the  church.  He  retained  his  cheerfulness  and  vivac- 
ity and  quick  movements  almost  to  the  last. 

In  1885,  June  29th,  the  Ohio  Central  Railroad  was  changed 
to  the  Toledo  and  Ohio  Central  Railroad. 

Deaths.  Rowland  Hughes,  January  6th,  aged  eighty-five  ; 
Grove  Case,  February  19th,  aged  eighty-five;  his  wife,  Laura 
Case,  April  2d,  aged  eighty-eight ;  Mrs.  Sophronia  H.  Whit- 
ing, April  7th,  aged  seventy-eight;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Asher, 
April  17th,  aged  seventy-two  ;  Frank  F.  Rose,  September 
5th,  aged  twenty-nine ;  Mrs.  Sarah  P.  Goodrich,  October 
4th,  aged  eighty-two. 


ADDITIONAL   RECORD.  367 

In  1886,  Dr.  E.  Sinnett  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  State 
Senate. 

Died,  Mrs.  Carrie  Buxton  Black,  wife  of  Mr.  C.  W.  Black, 
April  19th,  aged  thirty-six ;  Dr.  C.  J.  GifTord,  a  prominent 
physician  since  1840,  May  3d,  aged  seventy-eight ;  Mrs.  Car- 
oline Aydelott  Johnson,  wife  of  Mr.  G.  B.  Johnson,  Novem- 
ber 26th,  aged  sixty-nine  ;  Charles  Webster  Bryant,  August 
31st,  aged  thirty-seven. 

Mr.  Bryant  was  the  only  child  of  Mr.  Orren  Bryant  &  Mrs. 
Mary  F.  Bryant,  the  mother  being  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Fitch, 
Esq.,  of  Alexandria,  who  came  to  Ohio  in  1836.  Charles  was 
born  May  24th,  1849,  and  lived  at  Alexandria  until  1866,  when 
he  came  to  Granville.  He  was  a  student  of  the  University 
until  infirmity  of  the  eyes  obliged  him  to  cease  from  study.  He 
then  engaged  in  civil  engineering  &  was  employed  in  surveying 
the  route  for  the  Ohio  Central  Rail  Road.  He  went  into  the 
service  as  axeman,  &  before  they  reached  Toledo  he  had  charge 
of  the  second  instrument.  After  service  with  other  roads  he 
entered  the  drug  business,  purchasing  in  company  with  Mr.  C. 
W.  Black,  the  stock  of  Mr.  A.  P.  Prichard,  Jr.,  &  qualifying 
himself  as  a  pharmacist  by  a  course  of  study  at  Cincinnati. 

He  had  a  remarkable  penchant  for  genealogical  studies,  &  he 
kept  up  an  extensive  correspondence  in  pursuit  of  facts  with  an 
interest  that  knew  no  impatience.  It  was  supposed  he  had  his 
labors  for  this  History  nearly  completed,  but  no  trace  of  finished 
work  can  be  found.  Through  his  influence  The  Granville  His- 
torical Society  was  formed.  He  gathered  about  him  a  class  of 
young  men  fitted  to  be  his  co-adjutors  &  impressed  them  with 
something  of  his  own  interest  in  historical  matters.  A  large 
collection  of  historic  relics  was  gathered  by  them,  &  they  were 
considering  the  means  of  obtaining  a  permanent  place  for  de- 
positing them.  In  the  midst  of  the  interest  he  had  awakened, 
he  was  taken  with  typhoid  fever  &  died.  The  historical  collec- 
tion has  since  been  placed  in  the  care  of  Denison  University  to 
be  preserved  and  returned  to  the  Society  if  it  shall  ever  be 
revived. 

In  1888,  Dr.  E.  Sinnett  was  re-elected  to  the  Ohio  State 
Senate  for  another  term  of  two  years. 

October  19th,  died  Mr.  Jason  Collins,  aged  eighty-one. 


368  ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 

October  26th,  died  Rev.  C.  Van  Meter,  aged  sixty-eight 
years.  He  was  born  in  Hardin  county,  Kentucky,  February 
13th,  1820.  He  was  a  student  at  Granville  College,  but  ill- 
health  prevented  his  graduating.  He  married  Miss  Sophronia 
E.  Langdon,  of  Granville,  in  1848.  In  1856  he  became  con- 
nected with  the  "Five  Points  Mission,"  New  York,  where  he 
began  the  work  of  placing  orphans  and  neglected  children  in 
western  homes.  In  1861,  he  established  the  '.'  Home  for  Little 
Wanderers,"  superintending  it  eleven  years,  going  west  more 
than  seventy  times  with  companies  of  homeless  children.  He 
visited  the  city  of  Rome  just  after  it  was  opened  by  Victor 
Emanuel,  in  1870.  Two  years  later  he  entered  upon  a  course 
of  labors  in  that  city  that  continued  until  his  death.  He  was 
engaeed  in  day,  night,  and  Sabbath  schools;  in  Bible  and  tract 
distribution ;  in  the  translation  and  printing  of  the  International 
Sunday  School  Lessons,  sending  them  free  to  ministers,  teachers, 
and  colporteurs  all  over  Italy  and  the  adjacent  islands.  For 
eight  years  he  held  his  school  within  three  hundred  feet  of  the 
Vatican.  His  remains  rest  in  the  beautiful  Protestant  cemetery, 
among  the  people  he  loved  and  for  whom  he  labored. 

In  1889,  died  Mr.  William  D.  Moore,  April  20th,  aged 
seventy-nine.  He  was  born  in  Canterbury,  Vermont,  January 
1 2th,  1 8 10,  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College,  1837,  intending 
at  that  time  to  seek  an  appointment  as  a  foreign  missionary. 
But  his  health  failed  just  as  he  was  ready  for  licensure;  and 
this  led  him  to  devote  most  of  his  life  to  the  work  of  teaching. 
He  was  at  the  head  of  Granville  Female  Academy  from  1845  to 
1854,  sending  out  an  aggregate  of  sixty  graduates.  He  died 
at  Granville  after  a  long  and  painful  illness. 

Mrs.  Amanda  F.  Dunlevy,  daughter  of  Elias  Fassett,  wife  of 
Francis  Dunlevy.  Esq.,  died  at  Denver,  Colorado,  May  20th, 
aged  sixty-two.  Her  mother  was  Jerusha,  daughter  of  Jere- 
miah and  Jerusha  Munson,  of  the  original  colony.  In  early 
life,  by  the  death  of  two  sisters,  she  was  left  the  only  child  of 
her  parents.  Most  of  her  mature  life  has  been  spent  abroad, 
but  she  ever  maintained  her  interest  in  the  friends  of  her  youth. 

XI.  The  Central  Normal  and  Business  College. 

An  association  of  prominent  educators  of  Granville  has 
just  been  formed  for  the  purpose  of  furnishing  the  best 
instruction  in  normal  and   business  studies.     An  institute 


ADDITIONAL    RECORD.  369 

session  will  be  held  in  the  summer,  but  instruction  will  be 
given  throughout  the  year,  in  five  consecutive  terms.  It  is 
designed  to  be  a  permanent  institution.  The  gentlemen  of 
the  Association  are  : 

Prof.  R.  S.  Colwell,  President, 

Prof.  A.  U.  Thresher,  Vice  President. 

Prof.  F.  A.  Slater,  Secretary, 

Prof.  J.  L.  Gilpatrick, 

Prof.  A.  D.  Cole, 

Prof.  L,.  E.  Akins. 
This  adds  another  educational  feature  to  our  literary  vil- 
lage. Prof.  Slater  has  been  here  for  some  time,  giving 
instruction  in  book-keeping,  phonography,  and  kindred 
sciences.  The  other  gentlemen  will  be  recognized  as  con- 
nected with  Denison  University.  They  will  be  assisted  by 
other  prominent  educators. 

XII.  Municipal  Officers. 

Mayor,  .  .         R.  S.  Colwell, 

Clerk,     .         .         .     H.  A.  Church, 

Treasurer,  .  .         W.  J.  Pond, 

Marshal,  .         .     Edgar  Sanford. 

COUNCILMEN. 

W.  H.  Sedgwick,  Dr.  G.  G.  Kyle, 

John  DeBow,  Mark  Eddy, 

W.  S.  Courtney,  E.  D.  Evans. 

XIII.  Present  Business  Houses. 
The  business  houses  are  at  present : 

Books,  Stationery,  Etc. — Kussmaul  &  Shepardson. 

Dry  Goods — Geo.  C.  Parsons. 

(A  second  store  has  recently  been  closed  for  transfer  and  is 
expected  to  open  soon  under  new  auspices.) 

Groceries — Carter  &  Carter,  H.  L,.  Reed,  M.  L.  Oatman, 
Perry  &  Prior. 
34 


370  ADDITIONAL   RECORD. 

Boots  and  Shoes — I.  M.  Pierson,  F.  Miller,  M.  Eddy. 
Hardware— -W \  M.  Geach  &  Son,  E.  W.  Jones  &  Son. 
Dentistry — W.  H.  Sedgwick  &  Son. 
Jewelry — L,.  A.  Austin,  T.  A,  Jones. 

Drugs— The  C.  W.  Bryant  Company,  H.  P.  Belford  &  Co. 
Meat  Shops— W.  C.  Smoots,  M.  L.  Oatman,  McMillen  & 
Webster. 

Tin  Shops — E.  W.  Jones  &  Son,  L,.  S.  Twining. 
Harness — D.  French,  Geo.  Sampson. 
Millinery — M.  E.  Spayd,  E.  Piper. 
Monuments — DeBow  Bros. 
Tailoring — H.  LaFerre,  J.  W.  Swabb. 

Mr.  T.  A.  Jones  has  also  an  engine  and  machinery,  pre- 
pared to  do  all  light  work  in  repairing,  silver  plating,  etc. 

Wright,  Sinnet  &  Wright  are  in  possession  of  The  Bank 
of  Granville,  doing  a  good  banking  business. 

"  The  Granville  Times  "  was  started  by  H.  A.  Church  in 
1880.  In  1884  it  was  sold  to  Rev.  C.  B.  Downs.  He  soon 
received  to  partnership  W.  H.  Kussmaul,  a  practical  printer. 
In  1887,  Mr.  Downs  sold  to  Mr.  Kussmaul,  who  in  turn  sold 
one-half  interest  to  Mr.  Frank  M.  Shepardson.  It  is  now 
published  by  Kussmaul  &  Shepardson,  having  a  very  good 
circulation  among  patrons  at  home  and  specially  good  among 
those  who  have  gone  out  from  Granville  to  reside  elsewhere. 
It  has  a  very  high  standing  with  the  papers  of  Central  Ohio. 
They  are  prepared  to  do  good  job  printing  and  are  doing. a 
large  business. 

Granville  has  had  ten  papers  antedating  The  Times;  its  pre- 
decessors being:  The  Wanderer ;  (18 15,  S.  Wright),  The  Gran- 
ville Intelligencer,  (1847,  D.  Hunt),  The  School  Clarion,  (185 1, 
S.  N.  Sanford),  The  Licking  Bee,  (185 1,  a  temperance  paper), 
The  Herbarium,  (1857,  Ladies  of  Female  College),  The  Deni- 
sonian  (1857,  Franklin  Soc.  of  D.  U.),  The  Collegian,  (1867, 
Calliopean  Soc.  of  D.  U.),  The  Denison  Collegian,  (a  union  of 
the  two  foregoing),  The  Licking  Monitof,  (1872,  George  W. 
Evans),  The  Family  Monthly,  (1875,  successor  to  the  last 
mentioned). 


ADDITIONAL    RECORD.  371 

John  C.  Malone,  Esq.,  acts  as  justice  of  the  peace,  notary 
public,  real  estate  and  insurance  agent. 

Hon.  M.  M.  Munson  is  a  resident  in  the  village  and  attends 
to  law  business. 

In  1883,  Mr.  Edgar  A.  Wright  succeeded  Dr.  W.  H.  Sedg- 
wick as  Postmaster,  and  he  was  followed  by  Mr.  Albert  H. 
Jones,  the  present  incumbent. 

Our  physicians  at  this  time  are — 

Dr.  E.  F.  Bryan,  Dr.  W.  C.  Davis, 

Dr.  E.  Sinnett,  Dr.  G.  G.  Kyle, 

Dr.  A.  Follett,  Dr.  Kane  Follett , 

Dr.  J.  Watkins,  Dr.  E.  A.  Darby. 

So  far  as  known,  the  only  survivors  of  those  who  came  in 
1805  are — 

Mr.  Justin  Hillyer,     .     .     Topeka,  Kansas. 
Mr.  Truman  Hillyer,     .     .  Columbus,  Ohio. 
Rev  E.  C.  Gavitt      .     .     .      Toledo,  Ohio. 
Rev  George  E.  Gavitt,     .     Ashley,  Ohio. 
Mrs.  Alcy  Rose  Durfee,    .    Hartford,  Ohio. 
Mr.  Willis  Clark,   of  Toledo,  Illinois,  and  Mrs.  Marietta 
Clark  Ackley,  Granville,  who  came  two  years  later  are  still 
living. 

We  close  our  record  with  a  tribute  to  Granville,  printed  in 
the  catalogue  of  Granville  Female  College,  1888.  It  origi- 
nally appeared  in  an  Eastern  paper : 

t%  Edward  Everett  Hale,  in  an  after-dinner  address  last  sum- 
mer, told  this  story:  He  had  formed  the  acquaintance  not  long 
before,  of  a  Russian  gentlemen  who  had  been  traveling  through 
this  country  on  a  mission  of  investigation  for  his  Government. 
This  foreign  observer  had  made  good  use  of  his  opportunities, 
and  was  full  of  opinions  about  the  men  and  things  he  had  seen. 
Among  other  statements,  he  said  that  he  had  been  peculiarly 
impressed  by  the  advantages  enjoyed  by  American  society  in 
the  smaller  and  little-known  places,  where  he  had  often  found 
culture  and  comfort-  abounding  which  in  other  countries  were 
confined  to  city  life.  Dwelling  on  this  theme,  to  him  a  novel 
one,  the  Muscovite  gentleman  mentioned  the  names  of  such 


372  ADDITIONAL    RECORD. 

villages  in  the  various  States  that  he  had  visited,  and  among 
them  that  of  Granville,  Ohio. 

This  opinion,  entitled  to  some  weight  because  of  its  origin, 
reached  me  before  my  acquaintance  with  the  place  in  question 
began.  But  I  am  bound  to  say  that  it  has  been  confirmed  by 
my  experience  aud  observation  thus  far.  For  here  is  a  place, 
secluded  and  little  known  by  the  world  at  large,  whose  intel- 
lectual and  social  advantages  are  more  than  metropolitan. 
Lying  in  the  heart  of  the  hill  region  of  Ohio,  it  is  quite  re- 
moved from  the  currents  of  commercial  and  financial  activity 
that  sweep  through  the  land.  Here  are  no  factories,  no  busi- 
ness center,  no  prospect  of  such  things  in  time  to  come.  A 
village  of  perhaps  1200  inhabitants,  quiet  and  clean  as  a  New 
England  hamlet,  with  shady  streets  and  pleasant  homes  —  it 
has  altered  but  little  in  the  years  past,  and  presents  few  attrac- 
tions to  the  busy  and  progressive.  And  yet  here  is  a  scene  of 
intense  intellectual  activity  —  a  home  of  genuine  culture  —  a 
center  of  wide  spread  religious  influence,  and  a  source  of  ever- 
renewed  pulsations  of  far-reaching  power." 


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